2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit1festivalsaroundtheworld复习学案

2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit1festivalsaroundtheworld复习学案

‎ Unit 1 festivals around the world复习学案 单元知识预览 项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）‎ 重点单词 ‎1．starve vi. & vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvation n．饿死 2．origin n．起源；由来；起因→original adj.原来的 3．religion n．宗教→religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 4．belief n．信任；信心；信仰 5．gain vt.获得；得到 6．independence n．独立；自主→independent adj.独立的；自主的 ‎7．gather vt. &vi.搜集；集合；聚集 8．agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的→agriculture n．农业；农艺；农学 9．award n．奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定 10．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admiration n．羡慕 11．energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energy n．能量；精力 12．custom n．习惯；风俗 13．permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.允许n.许可证；执照 ‎14．apologize vi.道歉；辩白→apology n．道歉 15．sadness n．悲哀；悲伤→sad adj.悲哀的；悲伤的 16．obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的 17．forgive vt.原谅；饶恕→forgiveness n．原谅→forgiving adj.宽恕的；宽容的 重点短语 ‎1．take place 发生 2．in memory of 纪念 3．dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 4．play a trick on 诈骗；开玩笑 5．look forward to 期望；期待；盼望 6．day and night 日夜 7．as if/though 似乎，好像 8．have fun with 玩得开心 ‎9．turn up 出现；到场 10．keep one’s word 守信用；履行诺言 11．hold one’s breath 屏息；屏气 12．set off 出发；动身；使爆炸 13．remind...of... 使……想起…… 14．be/get married to 和……结婚 15．apologize to sb. for... 因……向某人道歉 16．in celebration of 为了庆祝 ‎ ‎17．have belief in 对……有信仰 18．be drowned in 沉溺于；埋头于 经典句型 ‎（高考书面表达必备）‎ ‎1． At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,_especially during the cold winter months.在当时，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬季。 2．The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。 3．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave... 很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……‎ 必备语法（高级句型）‎ 情态动词（1）‎ 晨读范文背诵 ‎【东北三省三校2018年高三第一次联合模拟】假设你叫李华，你的澳洲朋友Devin参加汉语水平考试（HSK）未能通过，请你写一封信，安慰一下你的朋友。内容包括：‎ ‎1.对考试失利的安慰；‎ ‎2.对汉语学习提出建议。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右。‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear Devin,‎ I am sorry to hear that you failed to pass HSK. I hope that the unexpected failure will not let you down, for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met.‎ As we know, language learning is never an easy task, but needs painstaking efforts and patience. Personally, I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions, which really count. Meanwhile, you may as well watch more Chinese materials as much as you can afford. More importantly, you should learn from the mistakes that you have made. Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese. A good luck next time.117‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎ 语言知识精析 重点单词精讲 考点1．starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死 ‎【教材原句】At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months。在那个时代，如果食物难以找到特备是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) The enemy is trying to starve us _____ _____ ‎ 敌人正在企图饿死我们。‎ ‎(2)The enemy was aimed at starving us ______ submission. ‎ 敌人目的是想断绝食物让我们屈服。‎ ‎(3) I’ m _____; let’ s have a big dinner. ‎ 我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。‎ ‎【答案】(1) to death. (2) into(3) starving ‎【归纳拓展】‎ starvation n.[u] 饿死 starve to death = die of starvation/hunger饿死 starve sb to death 把某人饿死 starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. 希望/渴望得到某物 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Thousands of people ________ ________ ________ in Africa.‎ 在非洲成千上万的人们都饿死了。‎ ‎(2) These children are ________ ________ love.‎ 这些孩子都渴望爱。‎ ‎(3) The people on the island _______ _______ _______ fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year.‎ 因为将近一年没下雨了，岛上的人们都急需淡水。‎ ‎【答案】1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of 考点2．trick n．诡计；恶作剧；花招；窍门 vt.哄骗，欺骗 ‎【教材原句】If the neighbours do not give any sweets , the children might play a trick on them ‎ 如果邻居不给他们糖果，孩子们可能就会捉弄他们。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) John taught me ________ _______ _______opening a bottle of wine..‎ 约翰教会了我打开酒瓶盖的窍门。 ‎ ‎(2) The children loved to _______ _______ _______ their teacher.‎ 这些孩子好跟他们的老师玩恶作剧。 ‎ ‎(3)She tricked me _______ ________ for her meal at the restaurant.‎ 她在饭馆里骗我替她付了饭钱。 ‎ ‎【答案】（1）the trick of（2）play tricks on (3) into paying ‎【归纳拓展】‎ trick or treat 不送礼物就捣乱(万圣节前夕孩子们挨户要礼物的用语) play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 have a trick of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯 trick sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)They had to think of ____ ____ to get past the guards .他们只好想出个计谋骗过岗哨。‎ ‎(2)The kids are always ____ _____ ___.孩子们经常耍些花招戏弄老师。‎ ‎(3)He tricked me _____ ____ him $100.他骗我借给了他100美元。‎ ‎(4)She _____ _____ _____ _____ her life savings她被骗走了一生的积蓄。 ‎ ‎(5)It's surprising that you should have been fooled by such a simple ______.‎ A．trial B．trick C．treat D．trip ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】trick“恶作剧，诡计”，符合题意。‎ ‎【答案】（1）a trick （2）playing tricks on （3）into lending（4）was tricked out of 考点3．gain vt. & vi. 获得；赢得；(钟表)走快 n. 利益 ‎【教材原句】India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain。‎ 纪念莫汉达斯.甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.‎ 我的表每天______两分钟。 ‎ ‎(2) He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已______了丰富的经验。‎ ‎(3) He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重______了。‎ ‎【答案】 (1)走快_(2) 获取(3)增加 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望/独立 ‎ gain sth. from 从……处获得某物 gain other’ s respect / love / trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任 ‎ No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘,一分收获。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) I have _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ since I arrived.‎ 我到这里以后，结识了很多朋友。‎ ‎(2) He had ________________ and looked much better. 他体重增加，脸色好看多了。‎ ‎(3) ___________ into the pit, ___________ in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。 ‎ ‎【答案】（1）gained a lot of friends（2）gained weight（3）A fall；a gain 考点4．award vt. 颁奖，授予，判定 n.奖项，奖金, 助学金，奖品 ‎【教材原句】Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.‎ 有些人还可能因为他们的农产品而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) They awarded John the first prize. 他们________约翰一等奖。‎ ‎(2) She was given a gold medal as an award.‎ 她被授予一枚金牌________。‎ ‎【答案】（1）授予（2）作为奖励 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ win/receive/get an award for 因某事赢得、得到、获得奖项 award sb. sth./sth. to sb. 授予某人某物 be awarded for... 因……而受奖 辨析： award 和 reward award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth.‎ vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给” award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. ‎ reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth.‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) He won _______ _________ ________ his excellent skill. 他由于他出色的技能而获奖。‎ ‎(2) —Why is Mr. Li so happy this morning?‎ ‎ —Because he was honored with a(n)______ for excellence in teaching.‎ ‎ A. present B. gift C. award D. reward ‎（3）Is that how you ________ me for my help?‎ 这就是你如何来回报我的帮助吗？‎ ‎（4）They ________ John the first prize in the contest. 他们在竞赛中颁发给约翰一等奖。‎ ‎【答案】(1) the award for（2）C an award for …作为奖励。句意：---李先生为什么今天上午这么高兴呢？---因为他由于教学优秀而获奖了。（3）reward （4）awarded 考点5．admire vt. 赞美；钦佩，羡慕，欣赏 ‎【教材原句】China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes。中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月，在中国，人们还品尝月饼。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）I admired him _____his courage。我钦佩他的勇气 ‎（2）He admired himself in the mirror.他在镜子中_____自己。‎ ‎【答案】（1）for（2）欣赏 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ admiration n. 赞美，钦佩 admirable adj. 可饮佩的，极佳的 admiring adj. 赞赏的，羡慕的 admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人 have admiration for sb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人/物 watch/gaze in admiration 赞赏地观看/凝视着 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)The school is widely _______ ______ its excellent teaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。 (2)They looked ______ silent ______________ at the painting. 他们默默地欣赏着那幅画。 (3)He gave her __________________________. 他向她投以赞赏的一瞥。‎ ‎(4)we ______the old scientist _____his contribution ______ the country.‎ A. admire; for; to B. admire; at; to C. respect; on; for D. respect; on; at ‎【答案】（1）admired for (2) in admiration (3) an admiring look (4) A. admire sb for sth “因某事而钦佩某人”句意：我们对老科学家对祖国的贡献非常钦佩。‎ 考点6．apologize v．道歉 ‎【教材原句】Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.。他不想屏息来等她道歉。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) Bill was _______ _______ his friend ______ having kept her waiting for a long time. 比尔因让他的朋友等了好长时间正在道歉呢。‎ ‎(2) I _______ _________ my host and left early. 我向主人道过歉后提早离去。‎ ‎【答案】(1) apologizing to ；for(2) apologized to ‎【归纳拓展】‎ apology n．道歉 apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. ＝make an apology to sb. for (doing ) sth. ＝say sorry to sb. for (doing) sth. ＝offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth.因某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Please _______ my sincere _______. 请接受我真诚的歉意。‎ ‎(2)He _______ _______ ______ ______ us ______ his being late.‎ 他因为他的迟到而向我们道歉 ‎(3)I don’t mind ___________(道歉) to others if I make a mistake.‎ ‎【答案】(1) accept ;apology (2)made an apology to ; for (3) apologizing 考点7．permission n.[u] 许可；允许 ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) They entered the room _______ _______ ‎ 未经允许他们进入了这个房间。‎ ‎(2) You will need to ask for _______ if you want to extend your house.‎ 如果你们想扩建房子，你得需要活动许可。‎ ‎【答案】(1) without permission (2) permission ‎【归纳拓展】‎ permit vt 允许，许可 ‎ permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth 允许做某事 with/without (one’ s) permission得到允许/未经允许 ‎ ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可 give sb. permission to do sth=permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 ‎ have one’ s permission得到某人的同意 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) We have arranged to play basketball on Saturday, weather _______.‎ 我们已经安排在周六打篮球，如果天气允许的话。‎ ‎(2) ) We have arranged to play basketball on Saturday if weather _______.‎ 我们已经安排在周六打篮球，如果天气允许的话。‎ ‎(3) The school doesn’t permit _______.‎ 学校不允许学生吸烟。‎ ‎(4) The school doesn’t permit students_______.‎ 学校不允许学生吸烟。‎ ‎【答案】(1)permitting (2)permits (3) visiting(4) to smoke 考点8．remind vt. 提醒；使想起 ‎【教材原句】I don’t want them to remind me of her.‎ 我不想因他们让我想起她来。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) This story reminds me _____ my childhood. ‎ 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。‎ ‎(2) Please remind me _____ _____ our teacher tomorrow. ‎ 请提醒我明天去拜访我的老师。‎ ‎【答案】(1) of (2) to visit ‎【归纳拓展】‎ remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事 ‎ remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 ‎ remind sb. that... 提醒某人/使某人想起……‎ 注：常用于 vt.＋sb.＋of sth./doing 的动词有 inform, warn, accuse, cure, suspect 等，如： inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 cure sb. of sth. 给某人治愈某病 suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事 ‎【即时巩固】‎ (1) Please remind me _____ _____ my medicine three times a day.‎ Please remind me_____ I should take my medicine three times a day.‎ 请提醒我要每天服三次药。‎ ‎(2) ) The pictures ______ me ______ my school days.‎ 这些照片使我想起学生时代。‎ ‎(3) ______me ________back to Tom.‎ 提醒我给汤姆写回信。‎ ‎【答案】(1) to take ; that (2) remind ;of (3) Remind ;to write 考点8．forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕 ‎【教材原句】She would never forgive him.‎ 她将永远也不会原谅他的。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) He asked us to forgive him _______ what he had done. ‎ 他请求我们原谅他做过的事情。‎ (2) Forgive my _______ you.‎ 请原谅我打断你。‎ ‎【答案】(1) for (2) interrupting ‎【归纳拓展】‎ forgive sb. (for) sth. 原谅某人的某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)I’ ll never ______ ______ ______ ______ you said to me. ‎ 我永远不会因你所说的话而原谅你 ‎(2)They ______ him ______ his crimes. ‎ 他们原谅了他的犯罪行为。‎ ‎【答案】(1) forgive you for what (2)forgot ; for ‎ 重点短语精讲 考点1．take place vi. 发生;举行 ‎【教材原句】Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time.‎ 讨论他们什么时候举行，他们庆祝什么以及人们在那个时候做什么。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1)The Olympic Games take place every four years.‎ 奥运会每四年________一次.‎ ‎(2)Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.‎ 最近十年我们家乡________了巨大的变化。‎ ‎【答案】（1）举行（2）发生 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ take the place of (动词短语)代替/取代 ‎ in place of (介词短语)代替；交换 take sb’ s place / take the place of sb. 坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务 ‎ in place 放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的 ‎ out of place不在合适的位置；不适当的 in the first place (列举理由)首先,第一点 ‎ in one’s place 处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想 辨析：take place / happen / occur / come about / break out take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。‎ happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。‎ occur 作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。‎ come about表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。‎ break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ 用place短语的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). Now everything is _______ _______. ‎ 现在一切就绪。‎ ‎2). If I were _______ _______ _______, I would take this job.‎ 如果我处在你的位置，我就会接受这份工作。‎ ‎3). Plastics will _______ _______ _______ _______ many other materials. ‎ 塑料将会取代许多其他的材料。‎ ‎4). We used plastics doors_______ _______ _______ glass doors.‎ 我们用塑料门取代了玻璃门 ‎5). While the manager was on holiday, he _______ _______ _______. ‎ 当经理去度假的时候，他取代他的位置。‎ 用适当的词填空 ‎(1)_____ _____ _____ ______ ______ I saw him yesterday.‎ 我突然想起我昨天见过他。‎ ‎(2) When the Second World War _________ ,he was in German.‎ 当二战爆发的时候，他还在德国。‎ ‎(3) I didn’t understand how it _________ that you were late again.‎ 我不明白你怎么会又迟到了。‎ ‎【答案】： (1). in place (2). in my place (3). take the place of (4). in place of (5). took his/her place ‎(1) It occurred to me that (2) broke out (3) came about 考点2．in memory of 纪念；追念 ‎ ‎【教材原句】For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and lightincense in memory of their ancestors.‎ 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓，烧香，以缅怀祖先。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) The museum was built _____ ______ ____ the famous scientist. 这个博物馆是为了纪念那位著名的科学家而建立的。‎ ‎(2) He wrote a long moving poem _____ ______ ____ the hero. ‎ 他写了一首感人的长诗来纪念这位英雄。 ‎ ‎【答案】（1）in memory of（2）in memory of ‎【归纳拓展】‎ in＋n.＋of 短语 ‎ in praise of 歌颂 in honor of 纪念；为向……表示敬意 in favor of 赞同 in support of 支持 in charge of 负责 in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有 in need/want of需要 in place of 代替 in hope of 希望 ‎【即时巩固】用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。‎ ‎(1) If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to ask me.‎ 如果你需要什么，不要犹豫问我就可以。‎ ‎(2) In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Liu.‎ 在讨论中，我支持刘先生。‎ ‎(3) This is a poem _______ _______ ______the construction workers.‎ 这是一首赞美建筑工人的诗。‎ ‎(4) We use chopsticks ______ _______ ______ knives and forks.‎ 我们使用筷子代替了刀叉。‎ ‎【答案】(1) in need/want of (2) in favor of(3) in praise of（4）in place of 考点3．dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 ‎【教材原句】It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ home to ask for sweet.‎ 现在它已经成为了孩子们的节日，在这一天他们打扮好，去邻居家要糖果。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) We should dress a Christmas tree with lights. 我们应该用灯来________圣诞树。‎ ‎(2) The girls all dressed up to take part in the evening party.‎ 姑娘们全部_______起来去参加晚会 ‎(1)装饰 (2) 打扮 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人 be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) 穿着…… dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) The prisoners escaped by ________ _______ _______ guards.‎ 犯人们装扮成哨兵逃跑了。‎ ‎(2) The children are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ them every morning.‎ 孩子们还太小自己不会穿衣服，所以她不得不每天早晨给他们穿衣服。‎ ‎(3)He is always________ ______red.‎ 他总是穿着红色衣服。‎ ‎【答案】（1）dressing up as（2）dress themselves; dress（3）dressed in 考点4．look forward to 期望；期待；盼望 ‎【教材原句】The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.‎ 最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天，迎来春天的日子。‎ ‎【教材原句】(1)My mother said she was ________ _______ _________ ______ you.‎ 我妈妈说她正期待着与你见面。 (2)I was _______ ________ _______ ______ his comments on this new film ‎.我期待听到他对这部新影片的评论。‎ ‎【答案】(1)looking forward to meeting (2)looking forward to hearing ‎【归纳拓展】‎ 提示：look forward to 结构中的 to为介词，其后接名词或动名词。类似的动词短语还有： be/become/get used to 习惯于…… pay attention to 注意 devote...to... 把……致力于…… get down to 着手做…… lead to 通向，导致 stick to 坚持 belong to 属于 object to 反对 prefer...to... 宁愿……也不…… contribute to 为……作贡献 be exposed to 暴露于…… be accustomed to习惯于 refer to查阅；提到 get close to接近；差点 ‎ ‎【即时巩固】用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎(1) The boy looked forward ______ (see) if that was his mother because he had been looking forward to ______ her return.‎ 这个男孩往前看是否那是他的母亲，因为他一直在盼望着她回来。‎ ‎(2) The chanceI had been looking forward to ______ (come).‎ 我一直盼望的机会来了。‎ ‎(3) I used to ______ up late, but now I’ m used to ______ up early.‎ 我过去起床很晚，但是现在我习惯早起了。‎ ‎【答案】(1) to see; seeing (2) came (3) get; getting 考点5. turn up 出现；到场；开大，调高，增加速度、音量、强度或流量 ‎【教材原句】But she didn’t turn up .但是她没有出现。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1)Guess who turned up at Mary's wedding ‎.猜猜都有谁______了玛丽的婚礼。‎ ‎(2) Please turn up the radio . I want to listen to the news 请把收音机音量_______些，我想听听新闻。‎ ‎【答案】(1)到场，参加 (2)开大 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ turn against背叛；(情况等)对……不利 turn away走开，离开；把……打发走 turn back折回，往回走；翻回到 turn down关小，调低；拒绝 turn off关(水源、煤气、电等)；令……厌烦 turn on打开；使……感兴趣 turn out结果是；证明是；生产，制造；培养，造就 turn to转向，变成；求救于，求助于 turn in上交，欺骗 turn over把……交给……；翻转 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t _____ _____. ‎ 到开会的时间了，但他还没到。‎ ‎(2)The farmers _____ _____ growing vegetables.‎ 农民转产去种蔬菜了。‎ ‎(3) It ______ ______ that it was Tom who broke the glass.‎ 结果是汤姆打坏了杯子。‎ ‎(4) Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly.‎ 请把电视机调大点音量，我听不清楚。‎ ‎【答案】(1) turned up (2)turned to (3) turned out (4) turn up ‎ 考点6．keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用；履行诺言 ‎【教材原句】She said she would be there at seven o’clock, and he thought she would keep her word.‎ 她说她会七点钟到那儿，他认为她会守信的。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎ (1) He never _____ ______ ______‎ 他从不履行诺言。‎ ‎(2) His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam.‎ 他得了仅仅53分。换句话说，他考试失败了。‎ ‎【答案】(1) keeps his word. (2) In other words ‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ break one’ s word/promise 违背诺言，失信 Word came that… 有消息传来说…… ‎ leave word 留言，口信 have/say the last word下结论；说了算 ‎ have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵 take back one’s words 收回自己说过的话 in other words 换句话说，也就是说 in a/one word 总之，简言之 in words 用文字 ‎ beyond words 无法用语言表达 word for word一字不差地；逐字地 ‎【提示】keep one’s word相当于keep one’s promise，反义短语是break one’s word/promise。‎ 注意两短语中的word不可数，无复数。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) She is a person who always ______ ______ ______. 她是一个很讲信用的人。 (2)Don’t _______ _______ _______， otherwise no one will trust you.‎ 不要失信，否则没有人会信任你。‎ ‎(3) ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.‎ 总之，我认为他是个傻子。‎ ‎【答案】(1) keeps her word (2) break your word(3) In a word 考点7．hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气 ‎【教材原句】Well，he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.‎ 他不用去屏息等着她来道歉了。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.‎ 当公布成绩的时候他屏住呼吸。‎ ‎(2) The race was so close that everyone was _______ _______ _______ at the finish.‎ 这是一场势均力敌的比赛，以至于到最后每个人都屏住了呼吸。‎ ‎【答案】(1) held his breath (2) holding his breath ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气 ‎ catch one’ s breath屏住气；歇口气 lose one’ s breath 气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气 ‎ get one’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸 waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)（对某人/某事物）白费唇舌 ‎ save one’ s breath不必白费唇舌 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them.‎ 他们不会听的，所以别再浪费口舌了。‎ ‎ (2) I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.‎ 跑步之后我有的气喘吁吁。‎ ‎(3) It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______.‎ 和他说是没有用的。你还是别浪费口舌了。‎ ‎【答案】(1) waste your breath (2) out of breath (3) save your breath ‎ 考点8．set off出发；动身；使爆炸 ‎【教材原句】‎ As Li Fang set off for home , he thought, “I guess Hu Hin doesn’t love me . I’ll just throw these flowers and chocolates away.”‎ 当李方动身回家的时候，他想到，“我想胡锦不爱我。我还是把这些花和巧克力扔掉吧。”‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?‎ ‎ 你打算明天几点钟________?‎ ‎(2) The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people. ‎ 恐怖分子在市中心_________炸弹，杀害了六个人。‎ ‎【答案】(1) 启程(2) 引爆了 ‎【归纳拓展】‎ set off for a place 出发到某地 set about doing sth开始（某工作）；着手做某事 set out 从某地出发上路 set out to do sth. 开始做某事 set sth up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立 ‎ set sth aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留钱或时间 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) What time are you planning to _________ _______ tomorrow？‎ 你打算明天几点钟起程？‎ ‎(2) They ______ ______a statue in honor of the national hero.‎ 他们建了一座雕塑去纪念这位名族英雄。‎ ‎(3) The children ______ ______ the fireworks in the yard.‎ 这些孩子们在院子里放烟花。‎ ‎(4) The new government must ______ ______ finding solutions to the country’ s economic problems.‎ 新政府必须要着手解决国家的经济问题了。‎ ‎【答案】(1) set off/out (2) set up (3) set off (4) set about 经典句型剖析 考点1 as though ‎【教材原句】The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered ‎ with pink snow. 整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。‎ ‎【句法分析】as though/as if...“好像”，可引导表语从句，也可引导方式状语从句。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎①It looks as though you are ill today.今天你看上去好像病了。‎ ‎②He acted as if nothing had happened.他表现得若无其事。‎ ‎③It looks as if it’ s going to rain．看样子天要下雨了。‎ ‎④The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。‎ ‎⑤He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。‎ ‎【拓展归纳】‎ ‎(1)as if/as though 引导表语从句时，如果是客观的事实，用真实的语气；如果是不可能发生的事，只是一种想象、猜测，则用虚拟语气。‎ The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.‎ 乌云密布，天看起来像要下雨了。 It looks as if the sky was/were falling down. 天看起来好像要塌下来似的。‎ ‎(2)as if/as though 引导方式状语从句，如果是不可能发生的事，只是一种想象、猜测，则用虚拟语气。 He talks as if he was/were the owner of the world. (与现在相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时) 他说起话来好像他主宰这个世界似的。‎ He talks as if he had been to that country . (与过去相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时) 他说起话来好像他去过那个国家似的。‎ ‎（3）as if引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。如： ①He opened his mouth as if to say something。‎ 他张开嘴仿佛要说什么 ②The lady cried and laughed as if mad. 这位女士又哭又笑，好像疯了。 ③Tom dropped his head and didn’t dare say a word, as if not knowing the answer. 汤姆低垂着头不敢说话，好像不知道答案。‎ ‎【考点聚焦】考查as if /as though 引导的从句是否用虚拟语气。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______yesterday.‎ A．was happening B．happens C．has happened D．happened ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查 as if 从句中的时态。由语境知选D。‎ The pencil looks as if it _______ with half of it in the glass of water.‎ A. were broken B. broke C. breaks D. was broken ‎ ‎ 考点2 It is obvious that ……‎ ‎【教材原句】It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开。。‎ ‎【句法分析】It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构：‎ It was obvious/clear that …= obviously/ clearly, … “很明显……，显而易见……”‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎①It is obvious that you are wrong. 很显然，你错了。‎ ‎②Obviously, you’ re wrong. 很显然，你错了。‎ ‎③It is obvious that he misunderstood you. 很显然，他误会你了。‎ ‎④Obviously， he misunderstood you . 很显然，他误会你了。‎ ‎【拓展归纳】‎ 类似句型：‎ It is necessary/ important/ strange/ natural + that + sb. should do ‎ It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that + sb. should do ‎ It is said/believed/reported/announced/expected/… + that …‎ ‎【考点聚焦】It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) _____was obvious to everyone that he was very nervous.‎ A．There B． It C．This D．That ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查 It be＋adj.＋that结构。‎ 考点3 be +adj +to do 结构 ‎【教材原句】At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,_especially during the cold winter months.在当时，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬季。‎ ‎【句法分析】此结构可以和 it +is +adj +to do 结构互换。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎①He is hard to deal with. =It is hard to deal with him . 他很难对付。‎ ‎②The apples are nice to eat = It is nice to eat apples。苹果很好吃。‎ ‎【拓展归纳】‎ ‎(1) find +it +adj+ to do 结构 I find it hard to get along with him我发现他很难相处。‎ ‎【考点聚焦】考查不定式结构或者逻辑主语 ‎【即时巩固】‎ The air is nice _______.‎ A．breathe B．breathed C．breathing D．to breathe ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查不定式做状语。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎