2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5　NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元学案设计

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5　NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元学案设计

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 5　Nelson Mandela — a modern hero单元学案设计 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．mean adj.　　 　　 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 ‎2．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的 ‎3．easygoing adj. 随和的；温和宽容的 ‎4．self n. 自我；自身 ‎5．selfish adj. 自私的 ‎6．selfless adj. 无私的；忘我的 ‎7．selflessly adv. 无私地；忘我地　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．invader n．　　　　 侵略者 ‎9．republic n. 共和国；共和政体 ‎10．principle n. 法则；原则；原理 ‎11．livelihood n. 生计；谋生 ‎12．mankind n. 人类 ‎13．lawyer n. 律师 ‎14．legal adj. 法律的；依照法律的 ‎15．fee n. 费(会费、学费等)；酬金　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎16．league n．　　 　　 同盟；联盟；联合会 ‎17．Youth League 青年团 ‎18．quote n. 引用语；语录 ‎19．release vt. 释放；发行 ‎20．blanket n. 毛毯；毯子 ‎21．terror n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动 ‎22．anti[前缀] _反；抗；阻 ‎23．antiblack adj. 反黑人的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．quality n．　 　　　 质量；品质；性质 ‎2．warmhearted adj. 热心肠的 ‎3．active adj. 积极的；活跃的 ‎4．devote vt. (与to连用)献身；专心于 ‎5．devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 ‎6．found vt. 建立；建设 ‎7．peaceful adj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的 ‎8．hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎9．youth n．　　　　　 青年；青年时期 ‎10．guidance n. 指导；领导 ‎11．stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期 ‎12．vote vt.&vi. 投票；选举 n. 投票；选票；表决 ‎13．attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击 ‎14．equal adj. 相等的；平等的 ‎15．willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎16．unfair adj.　　 　　 不公正的；不公平的 ‎17．escape vi.&vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露 ‎18．educate vt. 教育；训练 ‎19．educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的 ‎20．beg vi. 请求；乞求 ‎21．relative n. 亲戚；亲属 ‎22．reward n. 报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎23．sentence vt.　　　　 判决；宣判 ‎24．president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长 ‎25．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张 ‎26．violence n. 暴力；暴行 ‎27．cruelty n. 残忍；残酷 ‎28．out_of_work 失业 ‎29．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎30．blow_up　　 　 　　 使充气；爆炸 ‎31．in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎32．turn_to 求助于；致力于 ‎33．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心 ‎34．come_to_power 当权；上台 ‎35．set_up 设立；建立 ‎36．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识 记 单 词 写 对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.mean adj.　吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 ‎2.quote n. 引用语；语录 ‎3.league n. 同盟；联盟；联合会 ‎4.release vt. 释放；发行 ‎5.livelihood n. 生计；谋生 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的 ‎2.youth n. 青年；青年时期 ‎3.willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的 ‎4.unfair adj. 不公正的；不公平的 ‎5.beg vi. 请求；乞求 ‎6.relative n．　 亲戚；亲属 ‎7.warmhearted adj.‎ ‎ 热心肠的 ‎8.stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期 ‎9.attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击 ‎10.president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长 核心单词练通 ‎1.Tsinghua University, founded (建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.‎ ‎2.Our company is more concerned with quality (质量) than quantity.‎ ‎3.They managed to escape (逃脱) from the burning building by breaking down the door.‎ ‎4.The government rewarded (奖赏) him for saving the old man in the well.‎ ‎5.Black people could not vote (选举) or choose their leaders in the past.‎ ‎6.We may have different opinions (看法) in organizing class activities.‎ ‎7.He was involved in a bank robbery and was sentenced (判处) to six years in prison.‎ 拓 展 单 词 用 活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.active adj.积极的；活跃的→actively adv.积极地；活跃地→activity n．活动 ‎2.devote vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚 ‎3.peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平静；和睦 ‎4.guidance n．指导；领导→guide vt.带领，引导 n．向导 ‎5.violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.猛烈地 ‎6.equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.In order to give her a good education,_her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated.(educate)‎ ‎2.China is known to be a peaceful country. It's been a model of peace in the world. (peace)‎ ‎3.Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote)‎ ‎4.All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated ‎ ‎.同样地；相等地；公平地 ‎7.educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家 ‎8.cruelty n．残忍；残酷→cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的 equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)‎ ‎5.He criticized violently that the government did little to stop the violence in the country.(violent)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“n.＋ful→adj.”荟萃 ‎①peace→peaceful　　　　　和平的 ‎②pain→painful 痛苦的 ‎③harm→harmful 有害的 ‎④power→powerful 强大的 ‎⑤meaning→meaningful 有意义的 ‎⑥cheer→cheerful 欢乐的 ‎2.后缀ance高频名词全接触 ‎①guidance　　　　　指导；领导 ‎②importance 重要；重要性 ‎③ignorance 无知；愚昧 ‎④significance 意义；重要性 ‎⑤appearance 出现 ‎⑥tolerance 宽容；容忍 ‎3.“奖；奖赏”家族 ‎①reward vt.　　　　酬劳；奖赏 n. 报酬；奖金 ‎②award vt. 授予；奖给 n. 奖品；奖金 ‎③prize n. 奖金；奖品 ‎④bonus n. 奖金；红利 ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.out_of_work　　　失业 ‎2.in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎3.turn_to 求助于；致力于 ‎4.lose_heart_ 丧失勇气或信心 ‎5.come_to_power 当权；上台 ‎6.as_a_matter_of_fact_ 事实上 ‎　　The situation has become worse and worse since the new government ①came_to_power. I am ②out_of_work and feel at a loss what to do. I will ③turn_to my friend, Mary for advice tomorrow, who always encourages me not to ④lose_heart. She told me I should be hopeful about the future when I am ⑤in_trouble.‎ 第二组 ‎1.blow_up　　　　　　　　使充气；爆炸 ‎2.set_up 设立；建立 ‎3.be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)‎ ‎4.be_willing_to_do 愿意做……‎ ‎5.be_in_prison 坐牢 ‎6.in_one's_opinion/view 在某人看来 ‎7.fight_for 为……而战 ‎　　Nelson Mandela devoted all his life to realizing the dream that people with different colors should be equal. He ①set_up a law office to offer guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. One day, one of his supporters helped him ②blow_up the government buildings to ③fight_for their rights. Unfortunately, he ④was_sentenced_to prison for life on Robben Island until 1990.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“in＋n.”短语面面观 ‎①in trouble　在困境中　　②in danger　处于危险中 ‎③in return 作为回报 ④in detail 详细地 ‎⑤in order 井然有序 ⑥in place 在适当的位置 ‎⑦in vain 徒劳地 ⑧in peace 平静地 ‎2.“动词＋to”短语荟萃 ‎①turn to　　求助于；致力于　　②object to　反对 ‎③refer to 谈到；涉及；参阅 ④point to 指向 ‎⑤belong to 属于 ⑥stick to 坚持；忠于 ‎⑦see to 处理；料理 ⑧come to 共计；苏醒 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress ...‎ 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步……‎ 主语是时间或地点名词，谓语是see, find等动词，表示经历或目睹了某事。‎ 近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。‎ The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.‎ ‎2.... only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ‎ ‎……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。‎ 只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)‎ Only by practising papercutting more can_you_learn_the_folk_art.‎ ‎3.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. ‎ 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。‎ the first time “第一次……”，引导时间状语从句。‎ 第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都全身心地为此做了充分准备。(2013·湖南高考书面表达)‎ The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_we all felt very depressed, because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　The first time I heard of Stephen Hawking, I was moved by his devotion to the research. As for his daily life, he is in great trouble. For example, only when he turns to the computer is it possible for him to speak, read and write❶. However, he devotes________(he)❷ to the study of science and his contributions to the world have no equal. In my opinion, nothing could be in reward for his contributions ________❸ science. ‎ ‎1.把句①改为正常语序：For_example,_it_is_possible_for_him_to_speak,_read_and_write_only_when_he_turns_to_the_computer.‎ ‎2.②处应填词的正确形式为 himself。‎ ‎3.③处应填介词 to。‎ ‎1．devote vt.献身；专心于 ‎(1)devote ... to ...　　　　 把……奉献于……‎ devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……‎ ‎(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事；‎ ‎ 奉献于(做)某事 ‎(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Once married, Jo devoted her whole life to looking after children and being a full time homemaker.‎ ‎②Devoting (devote) herself/Devoted (devote) to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.‎ ‎③To be honest, Li Lei is my devoted (devote) friend.‎ ‎④His devotion (devote) to this work moves the people deeply.‎ 补全句子 ‎⑤You will never gain success unless you are_fully_devoted_to your work.‎ 除非你完全专注于你的工作，不然你永远不会获得成功。‎ ‎[联想发散]　以下短语中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时应用动名词形式。‎ ‎①look forward to doing sth.　　　　　 盼望做某事 ‎②object to doing sth. 反对做某事 ‎③get down to doing sth. 开始做某事 ‎④pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ‎⑤be/get used/accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ‎2．equal adj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物 ‎(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.　 等于/胜任(做)某事without equal 无与伦比 equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物 ‎(2)equality n. 平等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①His paintings are without equal in the Western world.‎ ‎②Nobody can equal him in intelligence.‎ ‎③Men and women must be treated equally (equal) in education and employment.‎ 单句写作 ‎④其次，要积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考书面表达) ‎ For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is_equal_to_your_physical_‎ health.‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：‎ ‎①be up to　　　②be fit for　　　③be qualified for ‎3．reward n．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏 ‎(1)as a reward (for ...)　 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励 ‎(2)reward sb. with ... for sth.‎ ‎ 为某事而用……酬谢某人 ‎(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；有意义的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We gave him a gift as a reward for his kindness.‎ ‎②He received a medal in reward for his bravery.‎ ‎③They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers when the match ended.‎ 单句写作 ‎④你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考书面表达)‎ You mentioned that you_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_which is exactly what I want.‎ ‎4．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎ ask for trouble　　　　　　 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃 get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.‎ ‎ 做某事方面有困难/麻烦 take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to lend a hand.‎ ‎②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.‎ ‎③You can't imagine the trouble I had persuading (persuade) him to change his mind.‎ ‎④Thanks for the trouble you have taken to_help (help) us.‎ 补全句子 ‎⑤What worries me a lot is that I am_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_‎ and_using_language.‎ 让我十分担心的是，我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。‎ ‎5．turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；查阅；转向 ‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中turn to的含义 ‎①He is ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing them when they turn to him.求助于 ‎②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.转向 ‎③You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅 ‎④Please turn to page 40.翻到 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ turn down　　　 关小；拒绝 turn away 拒绝……入内；把……打发走 turn up 出现；露面；调大 turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产 turn over 打翻；翻身；移交 ‎⑤Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned_out perfect.(2017·北京高考书面表达)‎ 一些妥协是不可避免的，但视频证明是极好的。‎ ‎6．the first time引导时间状语从句 I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group.‎ 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。‎ 有类似用法的词语还有：‎ ‎(1)each/every time　　　 每次……时 next time 下次……时 the last time 上次……时 ‎(2)一……就……‎ ‎①The_first_time_he_met_the_girl he was struck by her wisdom and fell in love with her deeply.‎ 他第一次遇到这个女孩就被她的睿智所打动，并深深地爱上了她。‎ ‎②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_man in the park, he is absorbed in reading newspapers.‎ 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报纸。‎ ‎[名师指津]　the first time 表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语， 不引导从句。‎ ‎③He became interested in the young teacher's lesson the_first_time he attended his class.He was so excited in class for_the_first_time.‎ 他第一次上课时就对这位年轻老师的课感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。‎ ‎7．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式 ‎...only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence.‎ ‎……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。‎ ‎①Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_spend those days together happily. (2014·天津高考书面表达)‎ 只有通过相互理解、彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些美好的日子。‎ ‎②There's no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will_we_achieve_our_dreams. (2015·湖南高考满分作文)‎ 不可否认，只有我们以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难我们才会实现我们的梦想。‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；(2)only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。‎ ‎③Only a few of the children haven't yet got a chance of being educated.‎ 仍有少数儿童未得到受教育的机会。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　We have reached a stage________❶ we must take effective measures to protect the environment from going bad to worse. Now, anyone who❷ does harm to our environment won't escape being punished. And the past few months have witnessed changes in the environment. The air quality, ________❸ is shown in the report, has improved gradually. ‎ ‎1.①处应填关系词 where。‎ ‎2.用高级词汇替换anyone who：whoever。‎ ‎3.③处应填 as。‎ ‎8.escape v．& n．逃脱；逃生；泄露；被遗忘；逃走；避开 ‎(1)escape (doing) sth.　　　 逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 ‎(2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He escaped being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.‎ ‎②Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the alarm.‎ 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义 ‎③Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.被遗忘 ‎9．拟人修辞手法 The_last_thirty_years_have_seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.‎ 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。‎ ‎ (1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”‎ 时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。‎ ‎(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness, say, experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。‎ ‎①The_year_1949_saw_the_founding of the People's Republic of China.‎ ‎1949年见证了中华人民共和国的建立。‎ ‎②The two stone lions standing in front of Tian'anmen saw/witnessed_many_great_historic_‎ events.‎ 天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件。‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Under our teacher's careful guidance (guide), we finished our homework in advance.‎ ‎2．The man should be condemned for his cruelty (cruel) to his wife.‎ ‎3．It does serious harm to children's character that too much violence (violent) is shown on television.‎ ‎4．He was_attacked (attack) by a dog when he was walking along the street.‎ ‎5．If we can't finish the work on time, we will get into trouble.‎ ‎6．Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape being_fired (fire) by his boss.‎ ‎7．With the speeches finished, we voted to_choose (choose) the monitor.‎ ‎8．People in all countries want a peaceful (peace) world rather than one filled with wars.‎ ‎9．Though he has met with many difficulties over the past two years, he is still hopeful (hope)．‎ ‎10．High school education (educate) is very important for students, because it can help them to choose their future.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He often lent me a hand when I was in trouble, to which I was grateful.to→for ‎2．As far as I know, he has been out of the work for several months.去掉the ‎3．The boy lost his heart when he knew he failed the exam again.去掉his ‎4．I fell in love with the city for the first time I visited it.去掉for ‎5．Hopeful, I'll be able to stay at home for three weeks this time.Hopeful→Hopefully ‎6．The boss in which company Mr King worked heard about the accident.which→whose ‎7．Nowadays many school children devote too much time to play computer games.play→playing ‎8．This position is equal suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has work experience.equal→equally Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关结构补全句子 ‎1．这是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。(This was a time when)‎ This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_no telephones or no TV sets.‎ ‎2．只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系，从不与他们联系是多么地傻。(only引起的倒装句)‎ Only_then_did_I_realize_that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them.‎ ‎ 3.我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。(the first time)‎ I was very nervous the_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.‎ ‎ 4.当他的亲戚朋友向他求助时，他总是乐意帮助他们。(turn to; willing)‎ When his relatives and friends turn_to_him_for_help,_he is_always_willing_to_give them a hand.‎ ‎5．这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。(see)‎ The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_village in the past two hundred years.‎ Ⅳ.一句多译/句型转换 ‎1．我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。‎ ‎①I gave him a book bought from Shanghai in_reward_for_his_help.(reward n．)‎ ‎②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai. (reward n．)‎ ‎③I rewarded_him_with_a_book which I bought from Shanghai for his help. (reward v．)‎ ‎2．I realized knowledge is valuable only when I had another failure in my jobseeking.‎ ‎→Only when I had another failure in my jobseeking did_I_realize_knowledge_is_valuable.‎ ‎→It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_jobseeking_that I realized knowledge is valuable.(强调句型)‎ ‎3．The government came to power two years ago.‎ ‎→The government has_been_in_power for two years.‎ ‎4．He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.‎ ‎→Devoting_himself_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around.(devote vt.)‎ ‎→Devoted_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around.(devoted adj.)‎ ‎[高考提能专训]‎ 阅读理解提速练(2篇阅读＋1篇七选五)‎ ‎(限时：25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Bessie Coleman Born in Texas, Coleman moved to Chicago to find a job, but she became interested in the stories she heard from pilots returning from World War Ⅰ.However, her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the U．S., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying.When she returned to Chicago, Coleman had difficulty finding jobs, so she chose to be a stunt (特技) pilot.She was the first black female pilot in the U．S.and was an inspiration to early pilots and to African Americans and Native Americans.‎ Bessica Raiche Bessica Raiche drove a car, shot guns and practiced medicine.Besides, she was an ‎ accomplished artist and musician.But on Oct.13, 1910, Raiche became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself.Raiche's aviation career (航空职业) was short, as she moved to Southern California to focus on her career in medicine, later becoming president of the Orange County Medical Association.‎ Willa Brown Willa Brown was the first African American woman to earn both a pilot's license (1938) and a commercial license (1939)．As a former schoolteacher and social worker, Brown set up the Coffey School of Aeronautics at Chicago's Harlem Airport, which later became the first governmentapproved aviation training school for African Americans.‎ Peggy Whitson At 57, Peggy Whitson was the world's oldest spacewoman.She has spent 500 days off Earth — more than any other woman, and in 2008, she became the first female commander of the International Space Station (ISS)．She made her eighth space walk on March 30, 2017 and she beat the current record for women of 50 hours and 40 minutes of total spacewalking time.‎ ‎1．Why did Bessie Coleman move to France?‎ A．To acquire stunt skills.‎ B．To find a wellpaid job.‎ C．To take part in World War Ⅰ.‎ D．To achieve her flying dream.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第一段的“her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the U．S., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying”可知，Bessie Coleman到法国是想实现自己成为飞行员的梦想。‎ ‎2．Who made a contribution to aviation education?‎ A．Bessie Coleman.　 　 　　 B．Bessica Raiche.‎ C．Willa Brown. D．Peggy Whitson.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句可知，Willa Brown创办了第一所政府支持的非裔美国人飞行训练学校。‎ ‎3．What can we know about Peggy Whitson?‎ A．She enjoyed her journey in space.‎ B．She set some surprising records.‎ C．She devoted herself to building the ISS.‎ D．She set other black women an example.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，宇航员Peggy Whitson创造了几项世界纪录。‎ ‎4．Which of the following do the four share?‎ A．They are outstanding women pilots.‎ B．They suffered discrimination at work.‎ C．They never received good education.‎ D．They have shown great creativity.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“Raiche became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself”以及第三段和第四段的内容可推知，这四位都是杰出的女飞行员。‎ B Stephen Hawking Warns Humans Must Leave Earth Soon Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.‎ Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.”‎ Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by ‎2025”‎．‎ According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would ‎ unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)．”‎ Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”‎ The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.‎ 语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。‎ ‎5．According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?‎ A．To send people to Mars.‎ B．To build a lunar base.‎ C．To send astronauts to the Moon.‎ D．To change the future of humanity.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。‎ ‎6．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．speeded up B．stored C．used up D．explored 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。‎ ‎7．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future?‎ A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.‎ C．Positive. D．Indifferent.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。‎ ‎8．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that ________.‎ A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Some people choose to live in a flat sharing with others.Others can't imagine leaving their perfect flats to live with lots of other people.‎ If you live alone, you're responsible for your own space.If you need your quiet space, you're guaranteed to have it.__1__ And you can catch up with work without being interrupted or have a long and undisturbed bath.‎ However, there's no one around if you need a helping hand.If something gets broken, you'll have to fix it yourself.__2__ You don't have friends at home to invite you out and help you meet people.There's no one at home to have a cup of tea with and talk about how your day was.‎ ‎__3__ Sometimes when you get home, the cake your colleague gave you as a thankyou present is mysteriously gone.Whenever you want a relaxing bath, there's no hot water left and someone wants to come in every five minutes.It's also rarely quiet.Someone always seems to have a birthday party when you want to go to bed early.‎ But in spite of all that, there can be some wonderful moments, like waking up to the sound of the hoover (吸尘器)．__4__ And when you come home after a long day, you find your housemates making pizza with leftover vegetables while you watch a film.__5__‎ So, what's your choice?‎ A．You can be alone quite a lot.‎ B．That's when it all seems worth it.‎ C．You don't have to share the sofa with anyone.‎ D．Living alone has become more popular in recent years.‎ E．It's not all good when you live with other people, though.‎ F．You will realize how important your friends and family are.‎ G．You will realize someone else is doing the cleaning for a change.‎ ‎1．选C　本空承接上文，是对上一句“If you need your quiet space, you're guaranteed to have it.”的举例：如果你需要安静的空间，你肯定会拥有它。你不需要和别人分享沙发。‎ ‎2．选A　本空后两句是对这一处内容的具体说明：你不会收到舍友的外出邀请，也没有人和你在家里边喝茶边聊天；由此可推知，本空是指你会经常感到孤独。‎ ‎3．选E　根据下文内容可知，本段谈论了和别人住在一起也并不总是那么美好。‎ ‎4．选G　本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙时刻中的一种情况：在吸尘器的声音中醒来，你会意识到有人正在打扫房间。‎ ‎5．选B　本空是对最后一段内容的概括：这些美妙的时刻会使你感到做出和别人住在一起这个选择是值得的。‎