2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题09动词时态和语态专练二含解析

2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题09动词时态和语态专练二含解析

‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点动词时态和语态专练（二）‎ 一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）‎ ‎1.When I came across that poster, a good idea suddenly ________ (occur) to me.‎ ‎【答案】occurred ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：当我偶然看到那张海报时，我突然想到一个好主意。从句的谓语动词came across用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词occur也要用一般过去时，故填occurred.‎ ‎2.When the dog attacked him, he __________(defence) himself from attack with a stick.‎ ‎【答案】defended ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：当狗攻击他时，他用棍子自卫。根据When the dog attacked him可知叙述的是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时；defend...from..表示“防卫……以免于……”，固定短语。故填defended.‎ ‎3.Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, which ________ (make) the land a happy home for the local people.‎ ‎【答案】makes ‎【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大自然为香格里拉提供了无尽的自然宝藏，使这片土地成为当地人的幸福家园。分析句子结构可知，设空处是定语从句的谓语部分；从句所述为客观事实，故应用一般现在时；which指代的是前面所述的事实，故谓语动词应用三单形式。故填makes.‎ ‎4.It used to be a remote town set in a valley where a stream ______ (wind) its way through the cottages.‎ ‎【答案】wound ‎【解析】句意：那曾是一个遥远的小镇，坐落在山谷里，山谷中一条小溪蜿蜒流过村舍。根据主句的谓语动词used to可知，定语从句中的动词wind“蜿蜒”也应用过去式。故填wound.‎ ‎5.Yesterday I went shopping, __________(buy) some books and had dinner at a good restaurant.‎ ‎【答案】bought ‎【解析】考查动词一般过去时。句意：昨天我去购物，买了些书，在一家不错的餐馆吃了晚饭。句子中有yesterday，用一般过去时，和went、had是并列谓语，故填bought.‎ ‎6.It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he ______(serve) as an interpreter ‎ in a foreign enterprise.‎ 8‎ ‎【答案】is serving ‎【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从吉米教高中到现在已经快五年了，他现在正在一家外国企业担任翻译。主语是he，谓语用单数，描述现在正在发生的动作用现在进行时，故填is serving.‎ ‎7.Hurry up! By the time we get to the assembly hall, the meeting ________ (start).‎ ‎【答案】will have started ‎【解析】考查将来完成时。根据By the time可知，主句用完成时；By the time引导时间状语从句，从句中用一般现在时表将来，因此空格处为将来完成时，即“will have+过去分词”，start的过去分词为started，故填will have started.‎ ‎8.Only when the war was over in 1918 ________ (be) he able to get happily back to work.‎ ‎【答案】was ‎【解析】考查时态、倒装和主谓一致。句意：直到1918年战争结束，他才能愉快地回到工作岗位。only+状语或状语从句置于句首，句子用部分倒装，结合句意，本句是一般过去时，主语是he，故用was，故填was.‎ ‎9.After Sang Lan fell to the gymnastics mat with a broken neck, she __________ (rush) to a top hospital in New York.‎ ‎【答案】was rushed ‎【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据句子结构分析可知，本空是复合句中主句的谓语部分，根据前面的时间状语从句可知，时态是一般过去时，rush sb to a hospital匆忙送某人去医院，动词rush和主语she是动宾关系，谓语要用被动语态，主语she，是单数，谓语用单数形式，故填was rushed.‎ ‎10.The pretty girl passing by ____________(catch ) the eye of all the people standing there.‎ ‎【答案】caught​‎ ‎【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：那个经过的漂亮女孩吸引了站在那里的所有人的目光。分析句子结构可知，此空应填谓语动词；根据句意，用一般过去时，catch的过去式为caught.故填caught .‎ ‎11.Meanwhile, we can't neglect the fact that it must ________ (operate) with a phone and a network.‎ ‎【答案】be operated ‎【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：同时，我们不能忽视它必须通过电话和网络来操作的事实。根据句意，主语it与动词operate之间是被动关系，且设空处前有情态动词must，需用情态动词的被动语态must be done的形式。operate操作，动词原形；operated过去分词。故填be operated.‎ 8‎ ‎12.He is the only one of the citizens who ________ (kill) by COVID-19 in our city so far.‎ ‎【答案】has been killed ‎【解析】由从句的时间状语so far和空后by COVID-19可知，空处定语从句的谓语动词需用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have been done，因为先行词被the only修饰，所以空处助动词需用has.故填has been killed.‎ ‎13.Each working day, The Daily is ____________(update) on the website every hour, unless otherwise indicated.‎ ‎【答案】updated ‎【解析】考查动词。句意：除另有注明外，该日报于每个工作天每小时更新一次。结合句意本句是被动语态，此处应用update的过去分词updated，故填updated.‎ ‎13.Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.‎ ‎【答案】has been made ‎【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。over the past years在过去几年中，常与现在完成时连用；Hamlet与make之间是动宾关系，应该用被动语态，综合用现在完成时的被动形式have/has been done.因Hamlet作主语，故用has.故填has been made.‎ ‎14.The rest of the books ________ (return) to the library the other day.‎ ‎【答案】were returned ‎【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：其余的书前几天还回了图书馆。根据后面的时间状语the other day可知，本句是一般过去时；books和return之间是被动关系，所以本句是一般过去时的被动语态，主语是books，谓语动词用复数。故填were returned.‎ ‎15.During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, all the people were__________(forbid) to go out.‎ ‎【答案】forbidden ‎【解析】考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据句子结构可知，主语all the people 与forbid是被动关系，此句使用一般过去时态的被动语态。一般过去时态的被动语态的构成是was/were+动词过去分词。forbid禁止，动词原形，过去分词是forbidden.故填forbidden.‎ ‎16..Every boy and every girl in that school __________(invite) to attend a lecture on how to improve English yesterday.‎ ‎【答案】was invited 8‎ ‎【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：昨天那个学校的每个男孩和女孩都被邀请去听一个关于如何提高英语的讲座。根据时间状语yesterday可知，本句要用一般过去时；主语Every boy and every girl和谓语动词invite是逻辑上的被动关系，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态；“every+名词+and+every+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，因此be动词要用was。故填was invited.‎ ‎17.It ________ (acknowledge) that wealth doesn’t necessarily mean happiness.‎ ‎【答案】is acknowledged ‎【解析】考查被动语态。句意：众所周知，财富并不一定意味着幸福。It's acknowledged+that从句，是固定句型，其中acknowledged是过去分词，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是主语从句，与acknowledge是被动关系，根据that后面的从句that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness.的时态，此处应用应用过去分词与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填is acknowledged.‎ ‎18..We ________ (stick) in traffic for over an hour.‎ ‎【答案】were stuck ‎【解析】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：我们遇上堵车，堵了一个多小时。we和stick之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是复数，谓语用复数；描述过去的事实用一般过去时。故填were stuck.‎ ‎19.You will not _________ (permit) to enter the building without the correct password.‎ ‎【答案】be permitted ‎【解析】句意：没有正确的密码，你是不允许进入这座大楼的。根据句意可知，这里的主语和谓语之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，又因为情态动词后面需要接动词原形，故填be permitted.‎ ‎20.The baby's parents were killed in the accident and he ____________(adopt) by an old man.‎ ‎【答案】was adopted ‎【解析】考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：这个婴儿的父母在事故中丧生，他被一位老人收养了。本句描述的是过去发生的一件事，故用一般过去时；根据句意他是被收养，应用被动语态，并且主语是第三人称单数，故填was adopted.‎ 二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ 1. ‎(2019·高考全国卷II )Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ______(declare) she had ‎ no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.‎ ‎【答案】declared ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared.‎ 8‎ 1. ‎(2019·高考全国卷III ) Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ______(recommend)wonderful ‎ places to eat，shop，and visit. ‎ ‎【答案】recommended ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended.‎ 2. ‎(2019·高考浙江卷 ) One study in America found that students' grades ______ (improve) a little after the ‎ school introduced uniforms. ‎ ‎【答案】improved ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved.‎ 3. ‎(2018·高考全国卷III ) True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real ‎ harm.‎ ‎【答案】meant　‎ ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填meant.‎ 4. ‎(2017·高考全国卷I ) When fat and salt　    (remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing ‎ something ‎【答案】are removed　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:脂肪和盐分从食物中去除后,食物尝起来就好像缺失了什么东西。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt作主语,与remove之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,谓语动词用复数，故填are removed.‎ 5. ‎(2017·高考全国卷III ) Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, ‎ 8‎ school 　     (come) first. ‎ ‎【答案】comes　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词时态。由上下文语境以及时间状语at the moment可知,此处应该为一般现在时态,主语 ‎ 为第三人称单数,故填comes.‎ ‎7.(2016·高考四川卷)The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world.‎ ‎【答案】is loved ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态语态。句意：大熊猫被全世界的人们所喜爱，熊猫和喜爱是被动关系，这是事实，故要使用一般现在时. 故填is loved.‎ ‎8.(2015·高考全国卷I) It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.‎ ‎【答案】arrived ‎ ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。故填arrived.‎ 9. ‎(2015·高考全国卷II) This cycle (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool ‎ off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures.‎ ‎【答案】goes     ‎ ‎【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。结合上下文语境可知，该句是对这种自行车的介绍，故要用一般现在时．且主语为this bicycle（第三人称单数），根据主谓一致原则，该空要填goes.‎ 10. ‎(2015·高考福建卷) Sometimes we have disagreements with people. When this (happen), the ‎ important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. ‎ ‎【答案】happens ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。happen意思是发生，前面的this代指前一句中的和别人发生分歧。因为该句是一般现在时，而且主语是this所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数。该句意思为：当这种情况发生了，重要的事情就是不要让一场平静的讨论变成热力的争论。故填happens.‎ 三、时态语态专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ 8‎ A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman 1 (seek) professional help after being convicted of (证明有……罪) shoplifting for the second time in six months.Aha Luz, recently studying for PhD 2 (tell) she would end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops.Luz, who 3 (live) with her partner in Fitzwdliam Road, Cambridge, and 4 (admit) stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from Lewis in Oxford Street，London，on March 9.Philip Lomoyne, prosecuting (起诉), said Luz 5 (select) some clothes from a display and 6 (take) them to the ladies' toilet in the store.When she came out again she 7 (wear) one of the skirts she 8 (select), having taken off the antitheft security alarm.‎ She 9 (stop) and caught after leaving the store without paying, Mr Lomoyne said.He added that she was upset on her arrest and 10 (apologize) for her actions.‎ 1. ‎【答案】is seeking ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一名大学毕业生被描述为一名“可敬和聪明”的女性，六个月内两次被定罪为商店行窃，目前她正在寻求专业帮助。根据具体语境，此处谓语动词用现在进行时。故填is seeking.‎ 2. ‎【答案】has been told ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：最近在攻读博士学位的阿哈·卢兹(AhaLuz)被告知除非她能控制从商店偷东西的欲望，否则她将被关进监狱。时间状语recently出现在句中通常用现在完成时，tell 与主语存在逻辑的动宾关系，所以用被动，综上所述，此处的谓语动词为现在完成时的被动式。故填has been told.‎ 3. ‎【答案】lives ‎ 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：Luz与她的伴侣在剑桥菲茨沃德利亚姆路住在一起。联系语境，用一般现在时，并且主语是第三人称单数，故填lives.‎ 4. ‎【答案】admitted ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：3月9日Luz承认从伦敦牛津街的Lewis偷了价值9.95英镑的衣服。时间状语on March 9，表明谓语动词发生在过去，故填admitted.‎ 5. ‎【答案】selected ‎ 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：起诉人PhilipLomoyne说，Luz选择了一些衣服，并把它们带到了商店的女厕所。根据此处的语境，谓语动词发生在过去，故填selected.‎ 6. ‎【答案】took ‎ ‎ 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：同上，谓语依然发生在过去，需要填写过去式，故填took.‎ 8‎ 1. ‎【答案】was wearing ‎ 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当她再次出来时，她穿了一条裙子。根据此处具体语境，应该是过去进行时。故填was wearing.‎ 2. ‎【答案】had selected ‎ 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：当她再次出来时，她穿了一条之前她选择的裙子。定语从句“她选择的裙子”动作发生在谓语动词穿裙子之前，表达的是“过去的过去”，故填had selected.‎ 3. ‎【答案】was stopped ‎ 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：她离开商店后没有付钱，被阻止并且被抓住。stop与主语she是被动关系，并且动作的事件发生在过去，需要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was stopped.‎ 4. ‎【答案】apologized ‎【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他补充说，她对被捕感到不安，并为她的行为道歉。通篇情节发生在过去，故谓语动词用过去式。故填apologized.‎ ‎. ‎ 8‎