2019届一轮总复习外研版高三英语课时跟踪训练7

2019届一轮总复习外研版高三英语课时跟踪训练7

课时跟踪训练(七)‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的正确形式填空 ‎1．He is __________ (超重的) and he has to go on a __________ (节食)．‎ ‎[答案]　overweight；diet ‎2．He was __________ (渴望) to live a __________ (正常的) life.‎ ‎[答案]　eager；normal ‎3．His __________ (受伤处) was so serious that he was sent to hospital.‎ ‎[答案]　injury ‎4．The boy has got used to the __________ (生活方式) there.‎ ‎[答案]　lifestyle ‎5．The old man takes exercise every day in order to keep ‎ ‎__________ (强健的)．‎ ‎[答案]　fit ‎6．The animal is __________ and I __________ see it. (rare)‎ ‎[答案]　rare；rarely ‎7．The __________ lady married a man with a lot of ________. (wealth)‎ ‎[答案]　wealthy；wealth ‎8．The __________ parents waited for his son with __________. (anxious)‎ ‎[答案]　anxious；anxiety ‎9．The __________ toothache made him in __________. (pain)‎ ‎[答案]　painful；pain ‎10．An __________ lifestye will lead to poor __________. (healthy)‎ ‎[答案]　unhealthy；health Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．读读这个故事，你就会知道金钱买不来一切。‎ ‎______________________ and you'll know that not everything can be bought by money.‎ ‎[答案]　Read this story ‎2．他看到孩子们在幼儿园被照顾的很好。‎ He saw children ________________ in the kindergarten.‎ ‎[答案]　taken good care of ‎3．他没开会。那是因为他腿断了。‎ He didn't attend the meeting. ______________ he broke his leg.‎ ‎[答案]　That's because ‎4．我看到他正在操场上踢球。‎ I __________________________ on the playground.‎ ‎[答案]　saw him playing football ‎5．你应该按老师说的去做。‎ You should do _______________________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　as your teacher told you Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2017·太原市高三年级一模)Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should sometimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150－minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some people—particularly older individuals. And trying to reach these goals could mean the benefits of lighter exercise are overlooked. But public health officials say current ‎ recommendations have proven benefits in lowering the risk of heart disease.‎ There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease, type 2 diabetes (糖尿病)and some types of cancer. UK guidelines for adults recommend at least two－and－a－half hours of moderate activity a week, in short periods of 10 minutes or more.‎ But in two separate articles in The BMJ, experts argue the message needs to change, with greater emphasis on making inactive people move more. Prof. Philipe de Souto Barreto at the University Hospital of Toulouse, advises people who are sedentary (久坐不动的 ) to make small increases in their activity levels—rather than pushing to achieve current goals. He points to previous studies which show even short periods of walking or just 20 minutes of energetic activity a few times a month can reduce the risk of death, compared with people who do no exercise.‎ In the second article, Prof. Philipe Sparkling of the Georgia Institute of Technology, says doctors should tailor their advice—particularly for older patients. He suggests using GP visits for people over 60 to discuss “realistic options” to increase activity—such as getting people to stand up and move during TV commercial breaks.‎ Prof. Kevin Fenton at Public Health England says, “Everyone needs to be active every day—short periods of 10 or more minutes of physical activity have proven health benefits, but getting 150 minutes or more of moderate activity every week is the amount we need to positively impact on a wide range of health conditions.” This includes reducing the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讨论了人们对现行锻炼指导原则的不同看法。‎ ‎1．What is the current exercise goal mentioned in the passage?‎ A．10－minute exercise.‎ B．20－minute exercise.‎ C．60－minute exercise.‎ D．150－minute exercise.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，现行的锻炼目标是每周150分钟的运动量，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎2．What can we learn from the second paragraph?‎ A．10－minute exercise has little effect on the health.‎ B．Heart disease happens easily to the old in activity.‎ C．Two－and－a－half hours of exercise is not necessary.‎ D．Inactivity easily brings about many serious diseases.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，不活动会引发很多疾病，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎3．What is the suggestion of Prof. Philipe de Souto Barreto acccording to the third paragraph?‎ A．People should spend less time on exercise.‎ B．People should lower their activity levels.‎ C．People should increase exercise properly.‎ D．People should achieve their current goals.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知，Philipe de ‎ Souto Barreto教授建议人们要适当增加锻炼，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎4．Which of the following is TRUE about current exercise ‎ guidelines?‎ A．They are impractical.‎ B．They are reasonable.‎ C．They have no effect on us.‎ D．They are popular with people.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句可知，现行的锻炼指导原则并不实用，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A B ‎(2017·江西省各校联盟高三5月质检)For over a century, the Nashua River in Massachusetts provided power for mills(工厂), which gave jobs to thousands of people. Over the years, these paper, cotton, wood, and woolen mills had dumped their waste into its waters.‎ By the 1960s, the Nashua River was about as polluted as any river could get. Its waters ran red or green or blue with dye (染料) from paper mills situated on its banks. The fumes (烟) from this dye blackened the paint on the buildings near the river.‎ Then along came Marion Stoddart with a simple but overwhelming idea—clean up the Nashua. This was no one－woman campaign. Stoddart encouraged the paper mills and the business community to form partnerships to reclaim the river.‎ She carried jars of dirty river water to local officials to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem. Stoddart talked with business leaders about economic problems. She talked with environmentalists about the long－term problems of pollution.‎ Stoddart knew that the State Water Pollution Control Board would have the final say on forcing the clean－up. When she spoke to the board, she insisted that the Nashua should be made safe for swimming. They thought her goals were unrealistic.‎ However, the partnerships Stoddart had helped form and the volunteers who were drawn to her cause never gave up. They all realized that cleaning up the river was in everyone's best interests. By 1993, several water treatment plants had been built, and a conservation area called a “greenway” had been created along the banks of the river.‎ Today mills are still operating along the river, but there are also fish in the river. The Nashua River welcomes boaters, naturalists, and even swimmers. None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a community working together.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲的是Marion Stoddart如何联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “reclaim” refer to?‎ A．Rescue. B．Enlarge.‎ C．Monitor. D．Explore.‎ ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。结合语境及上下文中出现的“clean up the Nashua”，“the clean－up”，“cleaning up the river”等信息可知，此处指的应是拯救治理河流方面的内容，由此可推知画线词的意思应是“改造”，与A项意思相近，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎6．What's the board's attitude to Stoddart's goal of improving the river?‎ A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Neutral. D．Cautious.‎ ‎[解析]　观点态度题。根据第四段可知，该委员会认为Stoddart改善河流状况的目标不切实际，即是持怀疑的态度，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎7．What kind of person is Marion Stoddart?‎ A．Independent and broad－minded.‎ B．Determined and far－sighted.‎ C．Intelligent and creative.‎ D．Stubborn and proud.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据文章第三、四段中对Stoddart为了改善河流状况东奔西走的描述及最后一段中的“a woman of vision”可知，Marion Stoddart是一个有决心和有远见卓识的人。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎8．What message is conveyed through the no one－woman ‎ campaign?‎ A．It'll be all right on the night.‎ B．Prevention is better than cure.‎ C．Many hands make light work.‎ D．Failure is the mother of success.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。通读全文可知，改善纳舒厄河被污染的现状并不是Stoddart一个人的战斗，她还积极地联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染，并最终收到成效。由此可知，C项“人多好办事，众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。‎ ‎[答案]　C Ⅳ.语法填空 ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) 1.______________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2.______________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the ‎ very thing the medical community was trying to fight.‎ ‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3.______________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4.______________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5.______________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6.______________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7.____________ (be) full of fat and salt；by 8.____________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ ‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9.______________ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10.______________ is not good for the health.‎ 语篇解读：医学界发现脂肪和盐是导致肥胖和心脏病的罪魁祸首。于是提倡食用低盐和低脂肪食物。可是，由于盐和脂肪摄入量的减少，可能会导致人们身体中的盐和脂肪不足，从而吃零食，结果摄取的盐和脂肪的量比从正常食物中摄取的更多。文章最后提出建议，任何事情都不能走极端。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查介词。句意：这个做法最初被医学界用作一种对抗心脏病的方法。as意为“作为”。‎ ‎[答案]　as ‎2．[解析]　考查名词复数。根据后面的such as overweight and heart disease可知，画线处指肥胖和心脏病的副作用，故effect需用复数形式。‎ ‎[答案]　effects ‎3．[解析]　考查不定式。根据固定结构require sb to do sth.可知，be required后面接动词时，需用动词不定式形式。‎ ‎[答案]　to process ‎4．[解析]　考查被动语态。脂肪和盐被去除，主语fat and salt与动词remove之间是被动关系，故需用被动语态。‎ ‎[答案]　are removed ‎5．[解析]　考查固定短语。as a result是固定短语，意为“结 果”。此处需填不定冠词a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎6．[解析]　考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的量增加了。even后可接形容词的比较级，表示程度。‎ ‎[答案]　worse ‎7．[解析]　考查主谓一致及时态。根据全文内容可知，此处谈论客观事实，用一般现在时；再结合主语fast food可知，be动词应该用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎[答案]　is ‎8．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。介词by后面需用名词或动词－ing形式，故填eating。‎ ‎[答案]　eating ‎9．[解析]　考查词性转换。根据句意可知，此处提示人们注意当心，be动词后需用形容词，故填careful。‎ ‎[答案]　careful ‎10．[解析]　考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故要用关系代词which。‎ ‎[答案]　which