【英语】江苏省南京市泰州市2020届高三第四次联合模拟试题（解析版）

【英语】江苏省南京市泰州市2020届高三第四次联合模拟试题（解析版）

江苏省南京市泰州市2020届高三第四次联合模拟英语试题 第一部分：听力（ 共两节， 满分 20 分）‎ 第一节（ 共 5 小题； 每小题 1 分， 满分 5 分）‎ 听下面 5 段对话。 每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。 听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What will the woman do after her meeting?‎ A. Meet the man. B. Prepare for the party. C. Tell Mr. Peterson about the party.‎ ‎2. Who is the woman? ‎ A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A saleswoman.‎ ‎3. What was the weather like on John’s holiday?‎ A. Cold. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.‎ ‎4. How do small shop owners feel about the future?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Concerned. C. Uninterested.‎ ‎5. What does the woman think of Gina’s behavior?‎ A. Annoying. B. Acceptable. C. Normal. ‎ 第二节(共 15 小题； 每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分）‎ 听下面 5 段对话或独白。 每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。 听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第 6 段材料， 回答第 6、 7 题。‎ ‎6. What was the purpose of the concert?‎ A. To attract governments’ attention to education.‎ B. To collect money for poor children.‎ C. To save some sick children.‎ ‎7. What do the speakers agree?‎ A. Governments should do something for poor children.‎ B. Children should make a living by themselves.‎ C. Famous singers should help poor children.‎ 听第 7 段材料， 回答第 8、 9 题。‎ ‎8. Why does the woman recommend Easyspeak Electronics?‎ A. It is near the man’s house.‎ B. It offers a sale until the weekend.‎ C. It provides good technical assistance.‎ ‎9. What does the woman suggest the man do?‎ A. Take his old phone to the shop.‎ B. Write down his phone number.‎ C. Check the functions of new phones.‎ 听第 8 段材料， 回答第 10 至 12 题。‎ ‎10. What are the speakers discussing?‎ A. Where to travel.‎ B. What kind of transport to take.‎ C. How to solve the traffic problems.‎ ‎11. Why does the man suggest taking the streetcar?‎ A. It is cheap. B. It is less crowded. C. It won’t be stuck in a traffic jam.‎ ‎12. How will the speakers go to the harbor?‎ A. By underground. B. By bike. C. By bus.‎ 听第 9 段材料， 回答第 13 至 16 题。‎ ‎13. What does the man do?‎ A. A tour guide. B. A hotel clerk. C. A travel agent.‎ ‎14. What does the man say about the bed-sitting room?‎ A. It can’t provide enough beds.‎ B. Its price is a bit too high.‎ C. It is close to the beach.‎ ‎15. When does the conversation probably take place?‎ A. In May. B. In July. C. In September. 16. What does the woman have to do before phoning the man again? A. Consult her parents.‎ B. Prepare a travel schedule.‎ C. Have a talk with her friends.‎ 听第 10 段材料， 回答第 17 至 20 题。‎ ‎17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?‎ A. A website. B. A social problem. C. An advertisement.‎ ‎18. How does the FreeRice game help end hunger?‎ A. By buying food. B. By giving money. C. By donating rice.‎ ‎19. How many levels of difficulty does the FreeRice game have?‎ A. 20. B. 48. C. 55.‎ ‎20. What is the biggest danger the World Food Program has faced?‎ A. Transportation is in bad condition.‎ B. The advertisers stop paying for food.‎ C. The cost to secure food aid has increased a lot.‎ 第二部分： 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分 35 分）‎ 第一节 单项选择（共 15 小题； 每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分）‎ 请认真阅读下面各题， 从题中所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。‎ ‎21. The singer was admitted in 2013 and did not get a diploma from the university when he graduated in 2018, as he did not meet the ________.‎ A. promise B. challenges C. requirements D. request ‎22. It was some time before the door opened ________ his ring.‎ A. on account of B. in view of C. with regard to D. in response to ‎23. Foreign leaders were wondering how it was that the Chinese government could ________ the spread of the virus so quickly and effectively.‎ A. defend B. accelerate C. contain D. assure ‎24. Enjoying a funny comedy or reading some jokes will _____ your negative feelings and make you feel much better.‎ A. drive away B. put away C. give out D. put out ‎25. He sold his house for twice ________ he paid for it so he did well out of the deal.‎ A. how B. what C. that D. which ‎26. Sometimes it is wise not to ________ rumors as they will fade away with time passing.‎ A. share B. start C. circulate D. counter ‎27. I saw a man shouting at a driver, ________ the car is blocking the street.‎ A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. whom ‎28. By the time the police arrived, the old man ________ dead already, with a gun in his hand.‎ A. was found B. had found C. found D. has been found ‎29. A total number of 172 people are now in hospital for treatment, of them 24 seriously ________.‎ A. being injured B. injured C. having injured D. to be injured ‎ ‎30. The man took out a knife and made a mark ____ his sword was dropped, confusing the passengers on board.‎ A. from where B. what C. on which D. where ‎31. ____ then what I know now, I would have made different decisions.‎ A. Should I know B. I knew C.I did know D. Had I known ‎32. Thompson’s business was originally ________ in size, but in recent years he has expanded it by opening scores of chain stores across the country.‎ A. modest B. grand C. full D. handsome ‎33. —Hopefully, China’s economic power is likely to increase in the years to come.‎ ‎—Well, trust me, more and more foreigners ________ employment here.‎ A. seek B. are seeking C. will have sought D. will be seeking 34. Beijing has abandoned setting a specific GDP target for this year and shifted its policy priority to ensuring ‎ employment, people’s livelihoods and the ________ of businesses.‎ A. survival B. proposal C. approval D. arrival ‎35. —I lost five pounds just after a week on this new diet. It's definitely worth a try.‎ ‎—Right, _____. I definitely need to get in shape for my school reunion.‎ A. You have my words B. I don’t buy it ‎ C. You’ve sold it to me D. I just can’t help it 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题； 每小题 1 分， 满分 20 分） 请认真阅读下面短文， 从题中所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。‎ One spring, two friends and I sought permission to plant a garden. Our school was located in the downtown area of a large city. There wasn’t 36 of a backyard. 37 , it was a our garden, stone-covered dirt parking lot with no extra space. However, we carefully 38 taking into account the area that received the best sunshine.‎ The three of us 39 the headmaster with our plan for a small area to plant some squash, tomatoes and cucumbers. The only real 40 involved was to rent a rake(耙), a pickax(丁字镐), and a hoe(锄头). However, 41 the headmaster’s permission would still be difficult. We will never forget his 42 to our request. With a slightly bored tilting (偏斜) of his head, he 43 replied, “ You are wasting your time. Nothing will ever grow there! But go ahead 44 you still want to.” ‎ We had received permission 45 ! So what if it wasn’t enthusiastic? We rented tools, raked four inches of stones into neat walls 46 the garden, raised the pickax and 47 what must have been a former waste area. A gardener dream—dark, rich soil just sitting there 48 to be discovered. We looked at each other, repeating together: “Ah, nothing will grow there.” As you might have 49 by now, things did grow there in our garden. ‎ Have you ever 50 that way about your life—Nothing will grow there… Have you felt 51 about your life’s progress? Worried about crop failure? Disappointed that nothing good ever seems to 52 ? Don’t believe that “Nothing will grow there”. It’s never too 53 to be who you might have been. You may not always see the 54 for growth, but it is there. All the rich soil you need may be left just 55 the surface, but can only be discovered after you begin digging.‎ ‎36. A. more ‎ B. little ‎ C. much ‎ D. less ‎37. A. Suddenly ‎ B. Now C. Again ‎ D. Actually ‎38. A. carried out ‎ B. laid out ‎ C. gave out ‎ D. made out ‎39. A. greeted ‎ B. ignored ‎ C. approached ‎ D. lectured ‎40. A. cost ‎ B. reward C. bargain ‎ D. bonus ‎41. A. allowing B. getting ‎ C. granting ‎ D. adopting ‎42. A. promise ‎ B. tease C. response ‎ D. result ‎43. A. warmly ‎ B. coldly ‎ C. readily D. hesitantly ‎44. A. if ‎ B. unless ‎ C. even if D. as if ‎45. A. at most ‎ B. at least ‎ C. at first ‎ D. at last ‎46. A. separating ‎ B. setting ‎ C. establishing ‎ D. outlining ‎47. A. carved ‎ B. landed ‎ C. struck ‎ D. smoothed ‎48. A. waiting ‎ B. staring C. glancing ‎ D. lying ‎49. A. wished ‎ B. guessed ‎ C. liked D. planned ‎50. A. lost ‎ B. made ‎ C. followed ‎ D. felt ‎51. A. discouraged ‎ B. excited ‎ C. puzzled ‎ D. awkward ‎52. A. go up ‎ B. bring up ‎ C. come up ‎ D. pile up ‎53. A. hard ‎ B. easy ‎ C. early ‎ D. late ‎54. A. potential ‎ B. foundation ‎ C. vision ‎ D. strategy ‎55. A. beyond ‎ B. beneath ‎ C. above D. off 第三部分： 阅读理解（共 15 小题； 每小题 2 分， 满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎ Understanding the context for the Ebola outbreak: What went right, what went wrong, and how we can all do better.‎ Like no other event in recent history, the 2014 Ebola outbreak has made clear the fragility of existing health systems. While responding to the current epidemic is critical, we also have an opportunity to learn lessons to prevent the next global health catastrophe, create partnerships across borders and disciplines, and demonstrate our commitment to value all human lives. ‎ This four-week course provides the context in which to understand the Ebola outbreak—why now, and why did so many people suffer and die? The course lays out the global governance structure —what was the global response supposed to look like, and where did it fail?‎ The course will feature experts and scholars who will focus on cultivating a better understanding of the Ebola epidemic and implications for future health systems to ensure that the world is more effective in preventing the next epidemic.‎ ‎56. What can we learn from the text?‎ A. Learners will learn to attend patients with epidemic effectively.‎ B. Learners should pay extra fee to gain a verified certificate.‎ C. Learners should spend no more than 10 hours during the whole course.‎ D. Learners will follow a fixed schedule and should be good at English.‎ ‎57. The course is designed to _________.‎ A. prevent the next pandemic B. understand the 2014 Ebola C. improve health systems D. provide academic support B Choosing a name for a child is often a headache for parents, but new research shows that picking well could be more crucial than previously thought.‎ Academics have found that your first name actually changes the way you look. For example, someone called ‘Bob’ is expected by society to have a rounder and happier face than a man called ‘Tim’. That expectation eventually leads ‘Bobs’ to become more social, while ‘Tims’ may appear thinner and reserved. The connection may be linked to the “bouba-kiki” effect which suggests that across languages, rounder and smoother objects are labelled with rounded ‘bouba’ sounds, while thinner pointed objects have ‘kik’ sounds. Likewise ‘Winstons’ are believed to be feeling blue, while ‘Marys’ are considered to be moral, both traits which may change appearance, and over time, change face shape. And a woman named ‘Katherine’ is considered to be more serious and dependable than a girl named ‘Bonnie’. Such cultural expectations may encourage ‘Katherines’ to be more studious and academic, which could gradually influence the development of facial muscles, perhaps through increased concentration.‎ ‎“Prior researches have shown there are cultural stereotypes attached to names, including how someone should look,” said lead author Dr Yonat Zwebner, of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. “For instance, people are more likely to imagine a person named Bob to have a rounder face than a person named Tim. We believe these stereotypes can, over time, affect people’s facial appearance.”‎ To find out if face shape was linked to name, researchers conducted eight studies to see whether it was possible for strangers to correctly identify the names of people simply by looking at their faces. In every experiment, the participants were significantly better (up to 40 percent accurate) at matching the name to the face than random chance (20-25 percent accurate) even when nationality, age and other socioeconomic variables were controlled for. “Together, these findings suggest that facial appearance represents social expectations of how a person with a ‎ particular name should look. In this way, a social tag may influence one’s facial appearance,” said co-author Dr Ruth Mayo. 58. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? ‎ A. How your name sounds simply counts.‎ B. Your name may tell how you look.‎ C. Social expectations determine your name.‎ D. It’s important to concentrate on facial muscles.‎ ‎59. What can we learn from the eight studies?‎ A. Most of the participants match the name with the face correctly.‎ B. The findings are contradictory to those of the previous research.‎ C. They are based on the data from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.‎ D. The findings are similar to those of the previous research.‎ ‎60. According to Dr Ruth Mayo, one’s facial appearance is basically affected by ___________.‎ A. social expectations B. the experience of their life C. their parents’ preference D. the meaning of their names C Encouraging life to bloom in the middle of a desert is no easy task. But one company, The National Advisor Bureau, in the United Arab Emirates has come up with a unique plan to provide drinking water for the state’s citizens. The firm intends to pull icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its billions of gallons of fresh water. One iceberg could provide enough for one million people over five years, according to the company. And the scheme could begin as early as the start of 2018. ‎ The firm’s director says they have already travelled the transportation route and used simulators to check the practicality of the scheme, according to reports in Gulf News. Speaking to the site about what he is calling the UAE Iceberg Project, Abdullah Mohammad Shehi said: “we predict that it will take up to one year to tow (拖拉） an iceberg to UAE.” We have made the technical and financial plan. Towing is the best method. We will start the project in beginning of 2018. “We want it mainly for the water. It could also be good for tourism and the weather.” ‎ The UAE is one of the most dry countries and one of the top 10 most water-scarce in the ‎ world, due to its extremely dry climate, which receives less than four inches (100 mm) of rainfall per year. Despite that, it consumes more water than double the global national average, putting the country at severe risk of droughts over the next 25 years. An average iceberg contains more than 20 billion gallons of water, according to the Abu Dhabi-based company. They take a long time to melt as 80 percent of their mass is underwater, while the white ice above reflects sunlight, reducing its heat. Upon arrival at a specially constructed processing facility, workers will “mine” the icebergs for their water supplies. Blocks of ice will be sliced and placed in giant tanks, before being filtered and processed. “This is the purest water in the world”, Mr Al Shehi added. He also claims the iceberg’s presence could provide a more moist micro-climate in the area, perhaps even prompting rainfall. And the project may prove a boost for tourism if it proves a success, with people travelling to see the unusual sight of an iceberg off the coast of the Arabian Gulf.‎ ‎61. What is the main purpose of The National Advisor Bureau’s scheme?‎ A. To boost tourism and ease financial burden in UAE.‎ B. To save endangered wildlife and boost tourism in UAE.‎ C. To make drinking water accessible to the people in UAE.‎ D. To get the purest water in the world for the citizens in UAE.‎ ‎62. What does the underlined word simulator in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. A type of mining tool to carve out the iceberg.‎ B. An electronic device to create and store energy.‎ C. A vehicle to transport the iceberg from Antarctica.‎ D. A piece of equipment to test potential conditions.‎ ‎63. Which of the following helps slow down the melting of iceberg during transportation?‎ A. The special electronic devices to keep the iceberg frozen.‎ B. The time of processing iceberg before being transported.‎ C. Much of the iceberg lying under water with ice above reflecting light.‎ D. The floating of the iceberg in the seawater with a more moist micro-climate.‎ ‎64. What is the author’s attitude towards the plan?‎ A. Favorable. B. Cautious. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.‎ D For more than three decades, Deirdre Taylor only knew the firefighter who saved her life ‎ through the black-and-white photos on the front page of the New York Daily News, on Dec. 30, 1983.‎ She was only 4 then, a blond, wide-eyed toddler pictured in the paper in the arms of the firefighter, Eugene Pugliese, who had just carried her out of her burning apartment building. Taylor, now a registered nurse in Alexandria, Virginia, kept the Daily News article for years. She wished as she got older that she could find Pugliese and thank him—a desire that intensified after she became an emergency room nurse, as she learned how rare it was to hear back from patients she encountered on the worst days of their lives.‎ But she hadn’t lived in New York since the fire, and didn’t know where to start. She periodically searched his name on Google, finding nothing. Finally, in March, Taylor thought she may have one last chance to find him. With her family’s support, she decided to move from Virginia to New York for eight weeks to work in an overwhelmed Manhattan emergency room— trying to help save the lives of coronavirus patients, while searching for the man who saved hers. ‎ ‎“When I was packing my bags, I packed the Daily News article with me, ____①____ ” Taylor, 40, said, “and I told myself that one of the things I’m going to accomplish while I’m here is track him down, or track a family member down, and just say thank you. ”‎ Pugliese, 75, had never had someone track him down to say thank you before, he said. For decades, the Daily News front-page article hung in his office. How could he forget Deirdre? “I've had her picture on my wall for 24 years,” he said.‎ He remembers the day clearly. It began when a man came running up yelling that there was a fire. Pugliese rushed to the burning building, where thick smoke was pouring out of a sixth-floor apartment. He went into and found it engulfed in flames. Taylor’s mother was crying, “My baby! My baby!” Pugliese remembered. He quickly helped her out of the room before returning on his hands and knees, crawling through the burning studio and blinding smoke for about six feet, when he felt the child. She was unconscious. He carried her to the living room, where he gave her mouth-to-mouth breath to bring her back. He rushed down the six flights of stairs to get her to an ambulance, when to Pugliese’s relief, she woke up and started to cry. “ _____②____ I was just in the right place at the right time,” Pugliese said. Pugliese later received a medal for Taylor’s rescue, in a ceremony that is among his most prized memories.‎ Taylor’s first two weeks in New York were overwhelming, as she and her colleagues dealt ‎ with patient after patient struggling to breathe. During her time off, she tried on one occasion to go to the firehouse where Pugliese worked, only to find a sign on the door discouraging visitors due to covid-19. But finally, last week, Taylor caught a break. A group of firefighters came to the ER to deliver the medical staff pizzas for dinner, to show their appreciation. Taylor explained to them that she was trying to find a likely retired fireman from Ladder No. 20, and did they have any suggestions on how to start? ‎ One of the firemen gave her a phone number to connect her with the fire chief.‎ ‎“Oh, Gene?” the chief told her. “He stops by the firehouse all the time.”‎ ‎“ _____③____ ” Taylor said, “I couldn’t believe it. I really didn’t think he was still going to be around. I really thought I was going to hit a dead end.” He said, “Yeah, I have his phone number in my cellphone.”‎ The chief phoned Pugliese right away. Less than an hour later, Taylor’s phone rang. “It’s Gene Pugliese,” he said. “I’m the firefighter who rescued you that day.” Finally, Taylor told him what she had been meaning to say. Taylor said she could only describe the moment as surreal. Pugliese asked if her hair was still blond. It was. He told her the story of the fire, and she told him the story of her life afterward. They learned they had plenty in common. Both were die-hard Yankees fans. Both spent time in the military. ‎ After the call, Pugliese said, “ ____④____ I cried for the rest of the day.”‎ ‎65. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies ___________.‎ A. it is impossible to receive the feedback from the one you helped.‎ B. it is not urgent to find Pugliese because of Taylor’s busy work.‎ C. it is precious to receive the feedback from the one you helped.‎ D. it is Taylor’s responsibility to save the lives of coronavirus patients.‎ ‎66. Why did Pugliese hang the Daily News picture on his wall for 24 years?‎ A. He was a responsible firefighter.‎ B. He has a long-lasting memory.‎ C. The rescue took him much effort.‎ D. The rescue was the highlight of his career.‎ ‎67. In which blank can we put the sentence “My heart literally skipped a beat” ?‎ A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④‎ ‎68. How did Pugliese feel after their talk on the phone?‎ A. He felt sad but relieved. B. He felt delighted and moved.‎ C. He felt shocked and grateful. D. He felt excited but awkward.‎ ‎69. What is likely to happen after the call?‎ A. Pugliese and Taylor may meet in person.‎ B. Taylor may award Pugliese a medal for his rescue.‎ C. Pugliese and Taylor may work together to fight the virus.‎ D. Pugliese and Taylor may lose touch again due to the virus.‎ ‎70. What can be the best title for the passage? ‎ A. A Brave Hero B. A Dedicated Nurse C. A Debt of Gratitude D. An Incredible Coincidence 第四部分： 任务型阅读（共 10 小题； 每小题 1 分， 满分 10 分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意： 每个空格只填 1 个单词。 请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。‎ Driverless cars used to be the sort of thing you’d see in sci-fi films, but in 2020 they’re becoming a reality. Autonomous car technology is already being developed by the likes of Lexus, BMW and Mercedes, and we’ve even tested Tesla’s driverless Autopilot system on UK roads. Across the Atlantic, Google is developing its automated technology in the wild, and Apple is rumoured to be working with BMW on its own—probably automated—car. ‎ Fully-driverless tech is still at an advanced testing stage, but partially automated technology has been around for the last few years. Executive saloons like the BMW 7 Series feature automated parking, and can even be controlled remotely.‎ With so much investment and interest in driverless technology, it’s easy to assume that self-operating cars are likely to happen soon, but they’re much further away than we might think. Before diverless vehicles go to market widely, manufacturers must deal with a range of technical and ethical challenges, and prevent the biggest threat to autonomous technology: humans.‎ The human problem Humans present problems for autonomous cars as both drivers and pedestrians, and dealing with our unpredictable behaviour represents a significant challenge for the technology. ‎ The Google Car is one of the most experienced autonomous vehicles. Even so, its interaction ‎ with human drivers has given rise to the exposure of one of driverless cars’ main weaknesses. The first injury involving the Google Car wasn’t due to a fault in its system, but human-error. While correctly waiting at traffic lights, Google’s self-driving car was hit by an inattentive driver and, in spite of its sophisticated array (复杂精密的数组) of sensors, there was little it could do to avoid the incident. Luckily, the accident only resulted in minor injury for a few of the passengers, but it’s a reminder that autonomous cars are at risk when surrounded by human road users. ‎ Despite their sophisticated systems, self-driving cars currently have no plan B for human road users. Human drivers are able to interact with each other and make allowances, but also make countless, small mistakes when driving—mistakes to which current self-driving cars simply can’t adapt.‎ Dealing with pedestrians ‎ The way human drivers interact with pedestrians raises difficult moral and ethical questions for car manufacturers—with implications. ‎ Autonomous cars need to understand the way pedestrians behave, while also imitating the behaviour they’d expect from a human driver. “Everyone has a knowledge of how a human being is going to react, because we are all human beings,” says computer ethics commentator Ben Byford. “So if you walk out in front of a car, and presumably the car driver knows you’re there, they’re going to react in a certain way.” ‎ ‎“ If I walked out in front of a Google car travelling at 60mph, I have no real knowledge of how the vehicle will behave, so I’m effectively putting myself in danger.”‎ How (71) ___▲___ away are we from autonomous cars?‎ Background information ● Autonomous car technology has been (72) ___▲___ in some famous car manufacturers. ‎ ● Partially automated technology has been in (73) ___▲___ for the last few years.‎ ● Before our roads are (74) ___▲___ with driverless vehicles, manufacturers have a lot of things to do.‎ ‎(75) ___▲__ about the ‎ ● ‎ The Google car’s accident has (76) ___▲___ one of driverless cars’ weaknesses.‎ autonomous technology The human problem ● ‎(77) ___▲___ the sophisticated array of sensors, Google’s self-driving car could do little to avoid the accident. ‎ ● With no alternative plan, self-driving cars cannot have a good (78) ___▲___ with human drivers.‎ Dealing with pedestrians ‎(79) ___▲___ human drivers who know pedestrians well, autonomous cars have difficulty in(80) ___▲___ their behavior, thus putting pedestrians in dang 第五部分： 书面表达（满分 25 分）‎ ‎81. 请阅读下面文字， 并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。‎ There’s no doubt that work deadlines can be stressful. When you have too many, you can feel overcome. And nearing deadlines encourages last-minute dashes for the finish line, like when students pull ‘all-nighters’ in an attempt to achieve weeks’ worth of essay writing in a handful of hours.‎ Yet there’s no question deadlines can serve a positive psychological function—after all, without them, many students might never even finish their work. You can see evidence for the power of deadlines in the ‘real world’, too. For instance, in 2015, when the US National Science Foundation dropped its usual twice-yearly deadlines for grant submissions in geoscience, as part of an attempt to help the overburdened system, the effect was dramatic. Annual submissions fell by 59% without the pressure of a deadline and it seems that many scientists lacked the urgency and motivation to deliver their applications. ‎ As new research findings shed light on the psychology of deadlines, we can learn ways that deadlines can be used to increase focus and boost perseverance.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1． 用约 30 个单词概括上文信息的主要内容；‎ ‎2. 谈谈设置“截止日期”的重要性；‎ ‎3. 就 如何确保在“截止日期”内完成任务提出你的建议（ 不少于两点） 。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1． 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2． 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3． 不必写标题。‎ ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整， 语言规范， 语篇连贯， 词数适当。‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）‎ ‎1-5 CBABA       6-10 BABAB     11-15 CBCCA    16-20 CABCC 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎21-25 CDCAB 26-30 DBABD 31-35 DADAC 第21题 C 考察名词词义辨析+固定搭配，根据句意：“这位歌手在2013年被录取，2018年毕业时未能获取毕业证书，因为他没能达到要求”meet the requirement/satisfaction“达到要求”为固定搭配，故选C。‎ 第22题 D 考察介词短语，根据句意：“我花了一些时间回复他的敲门”，根据his ring提示这里用in response to“回复，应答”，故选D。其他选项on account of“由于”，in view of“鉴于”，with regard to“至于”都不合适。‎ 第23题 C 考察动词词义辨析+熟词僻义，根据句意：“外国领导都想知道中国政府是怎么又好又快地控制疾病的传播”，根据the spread of virus提示contain“遏制”合适，考察contain的熟词僻义，故选C。其他选项 defend“防御”，accelerate“加速”，assure“保证”放在 “疾病传播”前都不通。‎ 第24题 A 考察动词短语，根据句意：“看喜剧或读笑话都能驱散你的负面情感并且让你觉得好受些”可知drive away“驱散”最合适，故选A。其它选项 give out“散发”，put away“把…收起来”，put out“扑灭”都不合适。‎ 第25题 B 考察倍数的表达，根据句意：“他以买入时两倍的价格卖掉了他的房子，所以他从这笔买卖中大获好处”，twice后缺the price，空格后的从句he paid也缺some price，前缺后缺用what，故选B。‎ 第26题 D 考察动词词义辨析+熟词僻义，根据句意：“有时候不去反击那些传闻更加明智，因为他们终将会随着时间的推移消散”提示counter的熟词僻义“反击，对抗”最合适，故选D。其他选项share“分析”，start“开始”，circulate“传播”都和句中“他们终将会随着时间的推移消散”想表达的意思不符。‎ 第27题 B 考察关系代词，根据句意：“我看到一名男子对那个把车堵住小街巷的司机大喊”提示，看空格后the car提示车与人是从属关系，the + n形式提示用of which/whom，因为先行词是人，所以用of whom the car相当于whose car，故选B。‎ 第28题 A 考察动词时态语态，根据句意：“警方到达的时候，老人被发现已经身亡，他的手中持了一把枪”提示“被发现”用被动，排除BC；这里是陈述事实，所以用一般过去时was found，故选A。‎ 第29题 B 考察非谓语，根据句意：“目前有172名病人在医院救治，其中24人受重伤”提示“被受伤”用被动，排除C；已经受伤才会被送到医院，时态上排除AD，故选B。‎ 第30题 D 考察状语从句，根据句意：“那个男子拿出了一把刀并在他掉剑的位置上做了记号，这让船上的乘客们感到困惑”，看空格后his sword was dropped (at somewhere)可知用where表示地点，故选D。‎ 第31题 D 考察虚拟语气的倒装，根据句意：“如果那个时候我知道是现在这样的话，我本将会做不一样的决定”，对过去的虚拟，条件句中用过去完成时if I had done…，再对它进行倒装的话，就变成Had I done…，故选D。‎ 第32题 A 考察形容词辨析+熟词僻义，根据句意：“汤普森的生意原来规模不大，但是近年来他已经把他的生意扩张到全国连锁的规模”，根据originally和has expanded…chain stores前后对比提示，用modest的熟词僻义“适中的”最合适，故选A。其它选项grand“盛大的”，full“圆满的”，handsome“数量可观的”都不合适。‎ 第33题 D 考察动词时态，根据句意：“——希望中国的经济实力在未来几年会增长——相信我，更多外国人会来这儿求职”，根据前文in the years to come提示这是对将来的预测，排除AB；这里没有“已完成”的提示，排除C，故选D。‎ 第34题 A 考察名词词义辨析，根据句意：“北京已经放弃给今年制定GDP目标，并且转变政策到保证就业率，人民生活水平和企业的生存”可知survival“生存”最合适，故选A。其他选项proposal“提议”，approval“通过”，arrival“到达”都不合适。‎ 第35题 C 考察情景交际，根据句意：“——我试了这个新的节食法，一周后瘦了5磅——你已经说服我了。我一定要瘦下来为同学会做准备”可知you've sold it to me“你已经说服我了”最合适，故选C。其它选项you have my words“我保证”，I don't buy it“我不信”，I just can't help it“我忍不住”都不合适。‎ 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ ‎36-40CDBCA 41-45 BCBAD 46-50 DCABD 51-55 ACDAB 本文讲述了作者要建一个花园但是遭到了校长的否定，但后来坚持并取得了好的成果。主要考察学生对固定搭配的掌握，以及联系上下文的能力，有些固定搭配属于不是非常常见的，属于有一定难度的完形，可能的难题有36，47，54。‎ 详细解析：‎ 第36题  那里并不能称得上有个花园。固定搭配not much of a xx表示称不上、并非。‎ 第37题  根据前一句话，以及所填空后面都在说其实那个地方很荒芜，因此是顺承关系，填actually事实上。‎ 第38题  根据后面的非谓语是我们考虑能接受到最好的阳光的地方可知，这里是填lay out表示设计、布局，我们认真的设计了我们的花园。‎ 第39题  固定搭配approach sb about/ with sth.表示向某人询问某事，尤其是第一次问或者是你不确定对方愿不愿意的时候。‎ 第40题  根据后面给的是租各种农具，因此这里是“唯一真正的成本”‎ 第41题  根据后面校长说的话可知，这里是得到校长的允许并不是简单的事，填getting。‎ 第42题  照应permission以及后面的replied，这里是校长的回应response。‎ 第43题  根据前面校长歪着头说这只是浪费时间，并不看好他们可知，这里是冷漠地说道。‎ 第44题  这里是条件状语从句，“不过如果你们还是想做的话就做吧”‎ 第45题  根据前面说得到校长的允许并不是简单的事，校长不认可的态度，以及感叹号可知，这里是“最终我们得到了允许”‎ 第46题  排除法，所填空的逻辑主语是六英寸的石头做成的墙，以及宾语是花园可知，这里是用墙显现出花园的轮廓。‎ 第47题  后面的pickax 是锄头，我们举起了锄头，把锄头重重地锤在了原来是空地或者费地的地方，我们的花园梦等待着我们发现。重重地锤在，击中用strike. 过去时是struck.‎ 第48题  根据这里我们是在实现造花园的梦想可知，这里应该是“等待被发现的土地”‎ 第49题  根据by now到目前为止，以及后面说最后有东西长出来了可知，这里是“我想你读到现在应该猜到……”‎ 第50题  根据后面是that way，特指像前面作者造花园的心境，以及下面的句子再次出现felt可知，这里是“你在生活中也经历过那种心境吗？”‎ 第51题  根据这里讲的是nothing will grow there此类受挫的经历，可知是discouraged。‎ 第52题  根据句意可知这里是没什么好事发生，而只有come up可以表示发生、出现。‎ 第53题  根据前面在分享自己被他人否定，心灰意冷的经历可知，这里是告诉大家做自己永远都不会迟。‎ 第54题  这里的potential表示可能，see the potential for …看到…的可能，其他都无法用这个结构。‎ 第55题  根据后面挖了之后才会出现可知，这里是埋在地下，因此是beneath。‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ ‎56-57 BA 58-60 BDA 61-64 CDCA 65-70 CDCBAC A篇 介绍的是一项关于深入理解埃博拉疫情爆发的课程，并介绍了课程的时长、课程语言、价格等相关信息。第57题是写作目的题，需要学生理清手段和目的的关系，B项显然是手段，而A项才是真正的目的。‎ 第56题 B 定位到左侧信息栏中CREDIT“Add a verified certificate for $49”可知要获得证书需要另外支付49美元，故选B。‎ 第57题 A 定位到文章第三段“The course will feature experts and …ensure that the world is more effective in preventing the next epidemic”可知课程会点名专家学者对于埃博拉疫情的理解从而确保世界在预防下一次流行病方面更加有效,所以预防下次全球流行病才是课程的真正目的，选A。‎ B篇 介绍了一项新研究，研究发现人们对于名字的社会期待会影响人的容貌。本文通过举例、实验阐述来论证了这一研究结果，文章主题明确，难度适中。‎ 第58题 B 第二段首句“Academics have found that your first name actually changes the way you look”指出学者们发现你的名字实际上改变了你的外表，并通过举例人们通过名字产生的社会期待和“Bouba-kiki”效应来具体阐述名字和人们外表、性格表现的关系。故选B。‎ 第59题 D 定位到倒数第三段“We believe these stereotypes can, over time, affect people's facial appearance”学者一开始给出了结论，然后倒数第二段通过实验结果阐述也进一步证实社会对于名字的印象会慢慢改变一个人的面貌。最后一段首句“Together, these findings suggest that facial appearance represents social expectation of how a person with a particular name should look.”可知，无论是以前的研究还是eight studies都印证了同样的研究结论，故选D。‎ 第60题 A 定位到最后一段，“In this way, a social tag may influence one’s facial appearance” 一个社会标签可能会影响一个人的容貌,‎ 社会标签也就是前文中说的社会期待，故选A。‎ C篇 讲述阿联酋通过运送冰山来解决水资源枯竭的问题。围绕项目起因、操作过程、项目实施前景等方面展开叙述，整体上题目都能对应到原文，答案比较清晰。‎ 第61题 C 问purpose，定位到第一段第三行“intend”，可知阿联酋需要冰山提供水资源进行农作物灌溉，选C。‎ 第62题 D 根据stimulator下文，是用来检查项目的可行性，符合D选项解释。‎ 第63题 C 根据第四段第三行内容，由于冰山大部分都在海面下，而浮在面上的部分可以折射太阳光线，达到降温的效果，由此选C。‎ 第64题 A 根据文章结尾对Al先生发言的引用，以及该项目对全球气温、阿联酋旅游业的积极影响可知，作者对该项目抱积极态度，选A。‎ D篇 讲述一位童年时遇火灾获救的女生用多年时间寻找救命恩人的故事，女生后来成为护士，继续救助病人，而她也最终在纽约寻找到当年的消防员。题目整体上难度不大。‎ 详细解析：‎ 第65题 C 由于女主角作为护士，经常见到濒危的病人，也知道得到拯救的人的回应有多少见而珍贵，选C。‎ 第66题 D 根据第五段内容，P之前从未遇到过被人如此执着的感谢一事，他也认为自己永远不会忘记救过的那个女孩，甚至时时刻刻都带着当时的报纸，可以推断P十分珍视当时这件事，视之为职业高光时刻，选D。‎ 第67题 C 代入文中划线四处，题目中插入句表现一种激动欣喜的心情，唯有③后“couldn’t believe”可与之呼应，选C。‎ 第68题 B 两人对话应当是happy ending，所以P在对话后的心情一定是积极喜悦的，ACD中皆有负面情绪，选B。‎ 第69题 A 推断+排除法。B. T并没有必要也没有权力奖励一块奖牌；C. P是消防员，不会治病；D. 对比A与D，两人已经取得电话联系，后期再失联可能性不大，因此选A。‎ 第70题 C 继续用排除法，本文围绕“寻找救命之人”展开，主要讨论的不是某个英雄或者T的护士故事，而两人最后的相遇也不算是巧合，而是人为努力，由此D也排除。综上，选C。‎ 第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎71. far 72. tested/developed 73. use/ application/existence 74. flooded/ crowded ‎ ‎75. Concerns/Worries/ concern/worry 76. exposed 77. Despite ‎ ‎78. interaction 79. Unlike 80. understanding/knowing/ predicting 这篇任务型讲了无人驾驶汽车的现状问题和前景。总体考察理解概括，定位容易，也出现原词重现，难度中等。74容易概括出很多这一含义，但是要注意用词的准确性；77题要熟知in spite of这一短语。‎ 详细解析:‎ 第71题 原词重现。第三段第二行...but they are much further away...自动驾驶汽车离我们还有一段距离，形容词比较级转原型，故填far。‎ 第72题  原词重现。第一段第二行...is already being developed by the likes of Lexus...，自动驾驶技术已经在几家知名厂商那里研发起来，故填developed/tested。‎ 第73题 理解概括题，也考察固定搭配。第二段第二行...has been around for the last few years.半自动技术近几年已经在我们身边，也就是投入使用，故填use/application。‎ 第74题 理解概括题，也考察固定搭配。第三段第三行Before driverless vehicles go to market widely...,无人驾驶设备广泛进入市场，也就是大街上挤满很多无人驾驶设备，结合题干，故填crowded/flooded 。‎ 第75题 理解概括题。结合第三段最后一行...a range of technical and ethical challenges...，制造商要解决很多技术上以及道德上的挑战，也就是人们对于该技术的担忧，故填Concerns/Worries。‎ 第76题 原词重现。第五段第二行...has given rise to the exposure of one of driverless cars’ main weakness.事故揭露出了无人驾驶车的主要矛盾，名词转动词被动，故填exposed。‎ 第77题 考察固定搭配。第五段第五行...in spite of its sophisticated array of sensors...，in spite of是固定搭配，表转折“尽管”的意思，结合题干横线在句子开头，故填Despite。‎ 第78题 原词重现。第六段第二行...able to interact with each other and make allowances, but also make countless, small mistakes when driving...可以互动，但是会犯数不胜数的小错误，也就是无法进行良好的互动，动词转名词，故填interaction。 ‎ 第79题 理解概括题。结合第八第九两段和题干，可知在说司机是熟悉行人的行为的，因此可以做出准确的反应；自动驾驶车无法模仿司机行为，并不能正确的处理行人问题，也就是不像司机，故填Unlike。‎ 第80题 理解概括题。第八段第一句...while also imitating the behavior they’d expect from ‎ a human driver.自动驾驶系统在了解行人方面是有困难的，结合题干，故填knowing/understanding。‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）‎ To meet deadlines, people have to work with every fibre of their being, feeling stressed and pressured. However, deadlines can function positively and powerfully, proved by the 2015 example.‎ Deadlines have great influence on our work. For one thing, part of the motivating power of deadlines has to do with our goal. To realize our goal, we are willing to burn the midnight oil to get the work done more efficiently. For another, deadlines can help keep us in focus and advance our work. Without deadlines, we might find our targets and priorities postponed indefinitely, creating a feeling that we are simply drifting along, lacking in work enthusiasm. ‎ Here are my suggestions on how best to tackle the problem. Firstly, draw up a schedule and ensure everything goes according to it. If not, adjust it in time. Secondly, stay focused on your schedule and pace your efforts. ‎ Now, get down to your work today and you will surely complete it before the deadline and gain an unexpected harvest. ‎ 听力原文 ‎(Text 1)‎ M: Don’t you agree that it would be a good idea to inform Mr. Peterson of the party?‎ W: I’ll be sure to do so after my meeting.‎ ‎(Text 2)‎ W: Hi, Karim. Do you still want to buy my car?‎ M: Sure. I can give you the money tomorrow.‎ W: Oh, that’s great. I need the money this week. I have to pay my college fees for next year.‎ M: l No problem.‎ ‎(Text 3)‎ W: How was your holiday, John?‎ M: We had a good time, but the weather was awful. We didn’t have one sunny day!‎ W: Oh, dear, a week in the rain, poor you.‎ M: Well, that’s the funny thing. It never actually rained. It was just freezing. We thought it ‎ might even snow.‎ ‎(Text 4)‎ W: So what changes are happening in the town center?‎ M: Well, they are building a new supermarket. I suppose many small shops are worried about the future.‎ W: Why?‎ M: Because supermarkets are cheaper than small shops.‎ ‎(Text 5)‎ W: I went out with Gina to a restaurant last night. She was on her mobile phone during dinner talking to her friends.‎ M: That wasn’t polite, was it?‎ W: No, it wasn’t. The medal was delicious but I’ll never go out with her again.‎ ‎(Text 6)‎ M: Hi, Helen! How was the concert last night?‎ W: Wonderful indeed. Many famous singers sang at the concert. It was called: Saving the Children”.‎ M: What does it mean?‎ W: The concert was held for collecting money for poor children all over the world. Many children in the world don’t have enough food and can’t go to school.‎ M: That’s quite true, but I think it is more necessary for governments to do something about the problem.‎ W: I agree with you.‎ ‎(Text 7)‎ M: My cell phone is so old. Every time I try to make a call, it stops working. I need to go shopping today for a new one.‎ W: You should go to Easyspeak Electronics where I bought my last cell phone. They offer a really good service, and the most important is that they have a sale on until this weekend.‎ M: Thanks for the suggestion. I have many questions on the functions of the cell phones.‎ W: When you visit there, make sure you take your old cell phone with you. They’ll move your phone number and contents into the new phone.‎ ‎(Text 8)‎ W: I heard a new museum opens today in the other end of town. I want to visit it. Will you go with me?‎ M: OK. Let’s take a streetcar here.‎ W: So why are you interested in going by streetcar?‎ M: Well, because it always keeps moving, even when there’s heavy traffic. So at least we’ll get there quite quickly.‎ W: I think I’d rather go by underground, really. ‎ M: I don’t fancy that. For one thing, it’s summer, so it’s going to be really hot down there. And for another, it gets too crowded.‎ W: So what about going on the bus, then? I know it’s slow, but it’s cheap.‎ M: Actually, what I’d most like to do is sail down the river.‎ W: That’s a good idea. We can ride to the harbor on our bikes, put them on the boat and be in the other end of town in half an hour.‎ M: Right, that’s sorted, then!‎ ‎(Text 9)‎ M: Can I help you?‎ W: Yes. I know it’s rather late for a reservation, but we are three friends, and we’d like to travel to Greece in July.‎ M: Where would you like to stay?‎ W: We’ve been told Mykonos is one of the best islands there. Would that be possible?‎ M: Quite difficult in July. Anyway, how long would like to stay?‎ W: Two weeks. And, um… we cannot spend more than £100 a day.‎ M: For that price you won’t have many choices, I’m afraid. But let me find out. If you could arrange to make it in late June, I might have a bed-sitting room for £75. It could provide 3 single beds, and it’s 5 minutes’ walk from the main beach.‎ W: What’s the name of the beach?‎ M: Super Paradise.‎ W: Just fancy! My parents went there on their honeymoon and they still keep advising people to go there! I need to talk it over with my friends, though.‎ M: Well, talk with your friends, come to an agreement and give me a ring again. Remember we only have a month left, so you need to make up your mind today or tomorrow!‎ W: I will, thank you.‎ ‎(Text 10)‎ W: Whoever thought learning new words could feel socially responsible? A website called FreeRice.com is an English vocabulary game. It explains its purpose like this:”For each word you get right, we donate 20 grains of rice through the United Nations World Food Program to help end hunger.” ‎ Internet businessman John Breen created FreeRice in October. The United Nations World Food Program does not really get rice. The donations are given in the form of money. Advertisers whose names appear with the links at the bottom of the game pay for the rice.‎ Words are presented with four choices of answers. Players click on the one that best explains the word. Now, the FreeRice game has fifty-five levels of difficulty. Players rarely get past level forty-eight.‎ Jennifer Parmelee is a World Food Program spokeswoman in Washington. She says cash donations help the agency to buy food locally and transport it quickly to where it is needed.‎ Over the last nine months, though, the cost to secure food aid has increased fifty-five percent. Jennifer Parmelee says this is the biggest danger the World Food Program has faced in its forty-year history. She says creative projects like FreeRice are badly needed right now.‎