2020高考英语江苏专用版提分模拟卷（一）

2020高考英语江苏专用版提分模拟卷（一）

高考模拟卷(一)‎ 第一部分　听力(略)‎ 第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎21.Linda to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s.‎ A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.has attended 答案　D 解析　考查现在完成时。句意为：琳达照顾她母亲太久了，她几乎能领会母亲的每一个动作。分析句意可知，本句为现在完成时，表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。故D选项正确。‎ ‎22.You say you are innocent，but we have good reasons to think .‎ A.twice B.over C.aloud D.otherwise 答案　D 解析　考查副词的辨析。句意为：你说你是无辜的，但是我们也有充足的理由在其他方面作考虑。otherwise否则，另外，在其他方面。‎ ‎23.Finally，we didn’t reach an agreement.Some agreed on the point while I was one of opposed it.(2018·南开区三模)‎ A.those who B.those C.who D.that 答案　A 解析　句意为：最后，我们没有达成一致。一些人同意这个观点而我是反对者中的一员。此处考查定语从句，需要有先行词，those，指“那些人”，定语从句缺少主语，用that或who，先行词为those时往往使用who，故答案为those who。‎ ‎24.—When will the bike-sharing schemes be introduced to the public?‎ ‎—Not until a better understanding of them.‎ A.we have had B.will we have had C.have we had D.we will have had 答案　A 解析　考查语序。句意为：——共享单车计划将于何时推出？——直到我们对它们有了更好的了解。根据第一句话可知这是将来时，但是until引导的是时间状语从句，从句中要用现在时代替将来时。not until位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，not until所在的从句不用，故选A。‎ ‎25.Stephen Hawking’s crowning achievement was his prediction in the 1970s black holes can emit energy，despite the classical view that nothing can escape their gravity.‎ A.when B.what C.how D.that 答案　D 解析　考查同位语从句。句意为：史蒂芬·霍金最大的成就是在20世纪70年代预测宇宙黑洞能够发出能量，而传统观点认为任何事物都无法逃避重力。句中that引导同位语从句解释名词prediction的内容，that在句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词。故D项正确。‎ ‎26.Steve Jobs is a key figure in the computer world he has had a great influence on modern life and technology.‎ A.on condition that B.in case C.in that D.as long as 答案　C 解析　考查状语从句。句意为：史蒂夫·乔布斯是计算机世界的关键人物，因为他对现代生活和技术产生了巨大的影响。on condition that如果；in case万一；in that因为；as long as只要。故选C。‎ ‎27.Before real estate control policies were introduced，people hoped that their income would be increased the rise in housing prices.‎ A.in touch with B.in anticipation of C.in line with D.in combination with 答案　C 解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：在出台房地产调控政策之前，人们希望他们的收入能随着房价的上涨而增加。in touch with和……保持联系；in anticipation of期待着……，预计到……；in line with和……一致；in combination with与……联合/结合。结合常识可知，C选项符合语境。‎ ‎28.—What do you think of the newly-released film Capernaum?‎ ‎—It touched my heart deeply.But for your recommendation I it.‎ A.had missed B.would miss C.would have missed D.must have missed 答案　C 解析　考查虚拟语气。句意为：——你觉得新上映的电影《何以为家》怎么样？——它深深地触动了我的心。要不是你的推荐，我就错过了。句中but for表示条件，意为“要不是……”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气；对过去的虚拟，主句要用should/would/might/could＋have done来构成。故C选项正确。‎ ‎29.—Why does he wear a raincoat on sunny days?‎ ‎—Nor do I understand.He is .‎ A.a wet blanket B.a lazy bone C.a black sheep D.an odd fish 答案　D 解析　考查习语。句意为：——为什么他大晴天还穿着雨衣？ ——我也不理解。他是一个古怪的人。a wet blanket令人扫兴的人；a lazy bone懒虫；a black sheep害群之马，败家子；an odd fish古怪的人。故选D。‎ ‎30.—I must point out that trials of new medicine are expensive and you can never success.‎ ‎—But there is a very good chance in this case.‎ A.admit B.guarantee C.attain D.deserve 答案　B 解析　考查动词辨析。句意为：——我必须指出新药的试验很昂贵，而且你不能保证它会成功。——但是在这种情况下也会有很大的机会。admit承认；guarantee保证；attain获得；deserve值得。故B选项正确。‎ ‎31.—What do you know made Sarah so upset?‎ ‎— giving away state secrets.‎ A.Charged with B.Being charged with C.Accusing of D.To be accused of 答案　B 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意为：——你知道是什么让莎拉这么不高兴吗？——她被指控泄露国家机密。sb.be charged with“某人因……而被控告”。第二句的主语为动名词短语Being charged with...，后面省略了made Sarah so upset。还可以用being accused of。故B选项正确。‎ ‎32.The collection，sorting and of historical materials and cultural relics of the May Fourth Movement should be strengthened，President Xi said.‎ A.consideration B.conservation C.constitution D.construction 答案　B 解析　考查名词辨析。句意为：习主席说，要加强对五四运动历史资料和文物的收集、整理和保护。consideration考虑；conservation保护；constitution宪法；construction建设。故选B。‎ ‎33.US slang is hugely thanks to the many different ethnic groups that have settled in the country.‎ A.delicate B.dynamic C.diverse D.desperate 答案　C 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意为：由于许多不同的民族在美国定居，美国俚语非常多样化。delicate微妙的；dynamic有活力的；diverse不同的，多样的；desperate不顾一切的。故选C。‎ ‎34.The style of the campus is quite different from of most Chinese universities where visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.‎ A.that B.one C.the one D.those 答案　A 解析　考查代词的辨析。句意为：该校园的风格与大多数中国大学(的风格)大不相同，参观者对那里复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到惊奇。分析句子可知，本空特指前面的“风格”，但同类不同物，相当于the style。分析选项可知，that指代前面提到的the＋可数名词单数或the＋不可数名词，常与前面所指代的是同类但不同物，故选A。‎ ‎35.—A young researcher is reported to have died of heart attack，aged only 30.‎ ‎— I wonder how his family could stand the thought of losing him.‎ A.How so? B.Forget it.‎ C.Take it easy. D.Really a pity.‎ 答案　D 解析　考查情景交际。How so? 怎么会这样？为何如此？Forget it.没关系；Take it easy.别着急；Really a pity.真遗憾啊。句意为：——据报道，一位年轻的研究人员死于心脏病，年仅30岁。——真遗憾啊！我想知道他的家人怎么能够承受失去他的痛苦啊！故D项正确。‎ 第二节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ My mom only had one eye.I hated her.She was such a(n) 36 .‎ Once during elementary school，my mom came and I was so embarrassed that I 37 her a hateful look and my schoolmates 38 me.‎ I wished she would 39 from this world.So I shouted，“Why don’t you have the other eye？！” My mom did not 40 .She hadn’t 41 me，but there was something pinching at ‎ me in my 42 .Even so，I hated my one-eyed mom and our desperate 43 .I told myself that I would become successful，so I studied hard.Later I came to Seoul to study.Then I got married there.‎ Now I enjoy the life in Seoul because it doesn’t remind me of my 44 ，until someone knocked at my door.It was my mom！It felt as if the whole sky was 45 on me.‎ My little girl ran away，scared of my mom’s eye.And I asked her，“Who are you？I don’t know you！！” as if I tried to make that real.I screamed at her，“How 46 you come to my house！Get out of here now！！”To this，my mom 47 answered，“I’m sorry.I may have got the wrong address，” and disappeared.‎ One day，a letter 48 a school reunion came to me. 49 to my wife that I was going on a business trip，I participated in the reunion，after which，I went down to the old shack that I used to call a house，just out of 50 .There I found my mom on the cold ground.I did not 51 tears.‎ She had a piece of paper in her hand...it was a letter to me.‎ My son，‎ I think my life has been 52 enough now，and I won’t visit Seoul anymore.But would it be too much to ask if I wanted you to come to visit me once in a while？I miss you so much.And I was so glad when I heard you were coming for the reunion.But I decided not to go to the school...for you.I’m so sorry that I only have one eye，and I was an embarrassment for you.‎ You see，when you were very little，you got into an accident and lost your eye.As a mom，I couldn’t stand 53 you having to grow up with only one eye.So I gave you mine.I was so 54 of my son to see a whole new world for me with that eye.I was never upset at you for 55 you did.During the couple of times that you were angry with me，I thought to myself，it’s because he loves me.‎ My son...oh，my son...‎ Don’t cry for me because of my death.I love you so much.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述了作者因为妈妈只有一只眼睛而不断地伤害她，结果却在许多年后发现妈妈是将眼睛给了小时候失去一只眼睛的自己。‎ ‎36.A.honor B.ugliness C.evil D.embarrassment 答案　D 解析　由下文中的“I was so embarrassed”和倒数第四段中的“an embarrassment for you”可知，妈妈令我感到尴尬。embarrassment令人尴尬的人或事物。‎ ‎37.A.gave B.threw C.cast D.passed 答案　B 解析　由该空后的“a hateful look”可知，我恨恨地看了妈妈一眼。throw a look扫了一眼。‎ ‎38.A.taunted B.comforted C.sympathized D.beat 答案　A 解析　由上文中的“I was so embarrassed”以及下文中的“I wished she would from this world.”可知，同学们都因为妈妈而嘲笑我，taunt嘲笑，奚落，符合语境。comfort安慰；sympathize同情；beat打败。‎ ‎39.A.benefit B.suffer C.disappear D.die 答案　C 解析　由下一句“So I shouted，‘Why don’t you have the other eye？！’”可知，我责问妈妈为什么没有另一只眼睛，我甚至希望她能从这个世界上消失。‎ ‎40.A.respond B.explain C.cry D.speak 答案　A 解析　由该空前的“So I shouted，‘Why don’t you have the other eye？！’”可知，我责问妈妈为什么没有另一只眼睛，而她没有任何反应。respond反应，回应，符合语境，所以选A。‎ ‎41.A.forgiven B.punished C.taught D.yelled at 答案　B 解析　结合上题解析可知，妈妈也没有惩罚我。punish惩罚，符合语境。‎ ‎42.A.heart B.mind C.feelings D.emotions 答案　A 解析　她没有惩罚我，然而却有样东西在刺痛着我的内心。根据句意可知heart符合题意。‎ ‎43.A.disability B.relationship C.dilemma D.poverty 答案　D 解析　由该空前的“I hated my one-eyed mom and our desperate”以及该空后的“I told myself that I would become successful”可知我憎恨只有一只眼睛的母亲和令人绝望的贫穷，所以选D。poverty贫困。‎ ‎44.A.failure B.past C.future D.hatred 答案　B 解析　根据“Now I enjoy the life in Seoul because it doesn’t remind me of my ，until someone knocked at my door.It was my mom！”可知，我很喜欢在首尔的生活，因为它不会使我想起我的过去，直到有一天妈妈来了，所以选B。‎ ‎45.A.turning dark B.breaking down C.falling apart D.clearing up 答案　C 解析　由下文中的“I screamed at her，‘How you come to my house！’”可知，我恨妈妈找到我，让我想起了过去甚至担心现在的幸福会被毁掉，可以推测出看到妈妈我感觉天都塌了。fall apart崩溃，破碎，符合语境。turn dark变黑；break down失败，损坏；clear up放晴。‎ ‎46.A.could B.must C.dare D.will 答案　C 解析　由上文中的“I screamed at her，‘How you come to my house！’”可知，作者假装不认识妈妈并责问妈妈怎么敢到自己家，所以选C。‎ ‎47.A.awkwardly B.angrily C.sadly D.quietly 答案　D 解析　妈妈听完我的话安静地回答道“很抱歉，我可能搞错地址了”，然后就消失了，所以选D。‎ ‎48.A.recommending B.demanding C.inviting D.regarding 答案　D 解析　一天，我收到一封关于学校聚会的信。结合句意可知答案为D。recommend推荐；demand要求；invite邀请，后接被邀请的对象，所以排除；regard关于。‎ ‎49.A.Lying B.Pretending C.Informing D.Writing 答案　A 解析　结合语境“我受邀参加同学聚会，却告诉妻子我是去出差”可知，我向妻子撒谎了，所以选A。‎ ‎50.A.homesickness B.curiosity C.love D.regret 答案　B 解析　我参加同学聚会后去老房子只是出于好奇，所以选B。‎ ‎51.A.burst out B.wipe up C.hold back D.burst into 答案　D 解析　我看到妈妈躺在冰冷的地上，因为不能原谅妈妈只有一只眼睛，所以我没有放声大哭，因此选D。wipe up擦净；hold back阻碍，隐瞒；burst into突然开始(某事)，突然进入(某种状态)。burst out迸发，突然发生，但其后常接v.-ing形式，故排除。‎ ‎52.A.full B.miserable C.long D.happy 答案　C 解析　妈妈虽然因为作者而痛苦，但因为对作者深深的爱，不会对他说“我的人生很痛苦”，所以排除干扰项miserable(痛苦的)，答案选C。‎ ‎53.A.keeping B.imagining C.watching D.leaving 答案　C 解析　由于作者小时候失去一只眼睛，妈妈无法忍受看着他只有一只眼睛，可知答案选C。‎ ‎54.A.grateful B.proud C.jealous D.glad 答案　B 解析　妈妈为自己的眼睛可以让作者看到全新的世界而感到自豪，所以选B。‎ ‎55.A.something B.everything C.nothing D.anything 答案　D 解析　妈妈从不曾因为作者做的任何事情而难过，因为她总是告诉自己“他很爱我”，所以选D。‎ 第三部分　阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Halloween is almost upon us and pumpkins are being carved.Here’s the etiquette to follow for a joyful，spooky time.‎ Halloween，like any festival of gift-giving，is a minefield of possible etiquette mishaps.This is why it is the only festival of gift-giving between strangers，and the gifts are quite minor.‎ If you’re a child Do be four or older as the aim is to keep moving，and any younger and you’ll really slow things down.Stay at home with your mates and watch a Halloween Peppa Pig instead.‎ Don’t take more than one of anything as you’ll look like a glutton.‎ Do say thank you，even if an adult has done something unconscionable，such as making their own oat biscuits.‎ Do pretend to be frightened，even if it is clearly your friend’s mum dressed as an owl.But if you are more than eight，don’t overdo it because she’ll know you’re humouring her and this is weirdly humiliating.‎ Don’t knock on any door without a lit pumpkin outside it：this is just a normal stranger’s house，and if they answer，you’re not even allowed to talk to them，remember?‎ Don’t，when you see other people from your school walking in the opposite direction，say，“Hi Javaine，hi Noah.” This will alert them to the fact that they are recognizable underneath their spiderweb mask.‎ Don’t mock the sweet donor：if you are slightly too old to enter into the spirit of trick or treat，fake it.‎ If you’re an adult Don’t hold out the bowl saying，“Just take one.” Polite children will know to take one and be offended，impolite children are going to take loads anyway，and it just makes you sound tight.‎ Don’t，don’t，don’t—this is really key—leave your pumpkin lit if you’ve run out of sweets.‎ Don’t do anything too frightening，for instance，open the door but have a friend hiding behind a bush making noises like a murderer.You will know it’s too frightening if children are crying by the time they leave.‎ ‎56.Which of the following is recommended?‎ A.Recognizing those with masks and calling them out.‎ B.Leaving your pumpkin lit on Halloween.‎ C.Watching Halloween cartoons if you’re 5.‎ D.Pretending to be moderately frightened.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据If you’re a child标题下的“Do pretend to be frightened，even if it is clearly your friend’s mum dressed as an owl.But if you are more than eight，don’t overdo it...”可知，一定要假装害怕，但不要装得太过火。故选项D符合题意。‎ ‎57.What does the underlined word “mock” mean?‎ A.Copy. B.Scare away.‎ C.Appreciate. D.Laugh at.‎ 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据该画线词所在句“Don’t mock the sweet donor：if you are slightly too old to enter into the spirit of trick or treating，fake it.”可知，不要取笑善意的给予者：如果你年龄稍大，无法融入“不给糖就捣乱”的氛围，那就假装吧。故选项D符合题意。‎ B When Carson Palmer，a Pro Bowl quarterback(职业杯四分卫)，hurt his elbow a few years ago，he took a week off from throwing the football.But in his head，Palmer practiced every day.“You stand right behind the center，and you see the coverage unfold as you would if you had the ball in your hands，” he told ESPN.The following weekend，Palmer had the best game of his career.‎ For more than a century，scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works.In the 1930s，researchers demonstrated that when you’re imagining an action，your brain sends signals to your muscles that are too weak to make the muscles contract but might help train the body to perform.Alternatively，mental practice might create a blueprint in your head，like an inner how-to guide for a particular skill.‎ Sports psychologists have conducted hundreds of studies comparing imagined and physical practice for actions such as skiing and tap dancing.Overall，the research shows that mental training works.A 2012 study，for example，compared 32 amateur golfers who practiced hitting golf balls into holes to another 32 who merely held a golf club(球棍) in their hands and visualized their swings.Under the same training rules，both groups improved their skills by getting the ball about 4 inches closer to the hole.‎ Visualization has advantages over the real thing：You can do it anywhere，even when injured.It’s safe—a major plus for high-stakes(高风险) performers such as gymnasts and surgeons.And you can practice for longer periods of time because you’re not restricted by physical fatigue.That’s not to say it’s easy：“We’ve had Olympic-level athletes sitting in our lab，visualizing for two hours，” says Tadhg MacIntyre，a sports psychologist at the University of Limerick in Ireland.“When we’re done，they’re absolutely exhausted.”‎ It doesn’t work for everyone，though.“If you’re a novice，the impact can be negative，” warns MacIntyre.“If you’re trying to visualize a free throw，and you don’t even know how to hold the ball and the way to move，then you’re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill，and your skill won’t be improved but be weakened.”‎ ‎58.What can we learn from the first three paragraphs?‎ A.Athletes could choose mental practice while injured.‎ B.Mental training cannot work as well as physical practice.‎ C.The working principles of mental training remain to be found.‎ D.Palmer spends much time practicing football skills in his head before the match.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章前三段可知，在头脑中想象着进行技能锻炼是可以达到锻炼目的的，所以，运动员们可以在受伤时选择这种锻炼方式。‎ ‎59.MacIntyre’s experiment in Paragraph 4 indicates that mental training .‎ A.can also make people tired B.is not restricted by location C.can save athletes from getting injured D.can last for a longer time than physical practice 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“That’s not to say it’s easy：...‘When we’re done，they’re absolutely exhausted.’”可知，在头脑中想象着锻炼一样会使人感觉累。‎ ‎60.The underlined phrase “a novice” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “ ”.‎ A.lacking in imagination B.not interested in the activity C.inexperienced in the activity D.unwilling to do the imaginative work 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“the impact can be negative”和“If you’re trying to visualize a free throw，and you don’t even know how to hold the ball and the way to move...”可知，画线部分意为“新手”。‎ C Few things exercise green sensibilities more these days than marine plastic litter.The detritus looks unsightly when it washes up on beaches，and cruel when it chokes photogenic sea creatures.Scientists estimate that perhaps 8m tonnes of plastic waste enters the ocean each year，discharged by rivers or shed from ships.Plenty stays close to shore.Some，though，is carried by currents to mid-ocean gyres.The biggest of these is located halfway between California and Hawaii—and so littered with flotsam that it has been nicknamed the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.A study published last March in Scientific Reports by Laurent LeBreton of the Ocean Cleanup，a Dutch charity，and colleagues，found that it contains between 45,000 and 129,000 tonnes of plastic debris spread over an area roughly the size of Alaska.‎ The idea of sweeping it all up might sound fanciful.To Boyan Slat it seemed merely ambitious.What if，he wondered in 2012 (then aged 18)，you could build a massive bow-shaped floating barrier，anchor it to the seabed and let currents shuffle the litter into the scoop?‎ Despite his youthful age and madcap scheme，Mr Slat set up the Ocean Cleanup to put it into practice.Six years,20m euros ($23m) and several prototypes later，the device set sail from San ‎ Francisco on September 8th，escorted by a Coast Guard vessel，a shipload of camera crews and a flotilla of curious boaters.System 001，as the contraption has been christened，is a hollow cylinder 600 meters long and 1.2 meters in diameter，itself made of plastic (polyethylene).It was moulded together into a seamless whole from 12-metre segments at a shipyard across the San Francisco Bay in Oakland.A three-meter deep skirt (made of sturdy polyester) dangles beneath the boom to prevent litter from escaping under it；buoyant plastic tends to float within a meter of the water’s surface.The device is even simpler than Mr Slat’s original idea，having dispensed with the anchor.Instead，it relies on the observation that the boom，which is driven by the current as well as by waves and wind，always moves faster relative to the plastic，which is propelled by the current alone.It therefore scoops the litter up as it drifts.‎ A straight boom will first be towed 250 nautical miles off the coast of California for a fortnight of tests，before embarking on a three-week voyage to its final destination.There it will be turned into a U-shape，with its ends fastened in place using metal lines，and set adrift.Satellite tracking and other electronics will allow its progress to be monitored remotely.Light beacons will alert the two dozen ships which cross the gyre each week to its presence.Some time next year another vessel will be dispatched to fish out the collected rubbish，which the charity hopes to sell to recyclers.If System 001 succeeds，Mr Slat wants to deploy another 60 booms，measuring 1km or more.Corporate sponsors would foot the bill of 5m euros a piece for construction and three years’ operation，Mr Slat hopes.He already enjoys the backing of deep-pocketed endowments and of tycoons like Marc Benioff，founder of Salesforce，and Peter Thiel，a noted investor.The system can do little about plastic that has fragmented into microscopic particles，but these make up just 8% of plastic in the gyre.Mr LeBreton reckons that a fleet of booms could，by 2040，sweep up virtually all the non-tiny detritus，but only if plastic leakage into the sea is stanched.If it continues unabated，the incoming debris would outweigh the fleet’s capacity to skim it within a few years.‎ The ocean’s plastic problem cannot really be solved without better waste management on land.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了博扬·斯拉特成立Ocean Cleanup，建造了名为System 001的设备，对海洋塑料垃圾进行打捞。‎ ‎61.Which of the statements is false according to the passage?‎ A.Plastic waste washes up on beaches，and chokes photogenic sea creatures.‎ B.8m tonnes of plastic waste enters the ocean each year，discharged by rivers or shed from ships.‎ C.A large amount of plastic in the gyre cannot be dealt with by the system.‎ D.The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is troubled by the marine plastic litter.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The system can do little about plastic that has fragmented into microscopic particles，but these make up just 8% of plastic in the gyre.”可知，该系统对仅占环流垃圾8%的已经分解的微型颗粒塑料收效甚微，因此C项中的“大量颗粒塑料”表述错误。故选项C符合题意。‎ ‎62.What does the underlined word “madcap” in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A.Confident. B.Perfect.‎ C.Crazy. D.Practical.‎ 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据该画线词所在句“Despite his youthful age and madcap scheme，Mr Slat set up the Ocean Cleanup to put it into practice.”可知，madcap应意为“疯狂的”。故选项C符合题意。‎ ‎63.How does the system work?‎ A.Build a massive bow-shaped floating barrier，anchor it to the seabed and let currents shuffle the litter into the scoop.‎ B.Scoop the litter up and dispatch another vessel to fish out the collected rubbish the following year.‎ C.Sweep up virtually all the non-tiny detritus.‎ D.Make sure plastic leakage into the sea is stanched.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It therefore scoops the litter up as it drifts.”及倒数第二段中的“Some time next year another vessel will be dispatched to fish out the collected rubbish...”可知，该设备先将这些漂浮的垃圾捞上来，然后第二年派遣另一艘船前去捞出收集到的垃圾。故选项B符合题意。‎ ‎64.Which way is the author in favor of to deal with the ocean’s plastic problem?‎ A.Make sure plastic leakage into the sea is stanched.‎ B.Manage waste on land better.‎ C.Fish out the collected rubbish and sell it to recyclers.‎ D.Build a massive bow-shaped floating barrier to shuffle the litter into the scoop.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。通读全文内容，尤其根据最后一段可知，虽然System 001的设备可以对海洋塑料垃圾进行有效的打捞，但是作者认为只有更好地对陆地垃圾进行管理，才能真正地解决海洋塑料垃圾问题。故选项B符合题意。‎ D Every person plans to run off to some tropical isle，but few do.Real life，family，work，and monetary limitations get in the way.Ian Fleming let none of these considerations stop him.‎ After the war，Fleming set down his schedule.The first week of January saw him leave ‎ England and travel to Jamaica.The first week of March saw his return.He accepted his job at Kemsley newspaper without compromise—this portion of the year would be set aside for Jamaica or he would look elsewhere for employment.‎ For 6 years Fleming traveled each winter to Jamaica，lounging in paradise，romancing women，chasing the sunset，but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer’s journey which would change his life and popular culture forever.As Fleming waited in Jamaica for Anne’s divorce to become final，he wrote the first draft of a novel，Casino Royale.‎ Fleming’s career as a writer deserves more examination than can be offered here，but suffice it to say，over the next 12 years，Ian Fleming transformed his elite existence，his arrogance，his style，and his acid wit into some of the greatest thrillers ever written.Fleming incurred the respect of authors as diverse as Raymond Chandler，Kingsley Amis，and Edith Sitwell.His fans included John，Jackie，and Bobby Kennedy，and his social circle included Prime Minister Anthony Eden，Evelyn Waugh，and Somerset Maugham.‎ Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism.Even in stories which had little action or pay off，such as his short non-fiction book，The Diamond Smugglers，the “Fleming-flair” ensured exciting reading.He wrote the “Atticus” column for the Sunday Times，proving a wonderful conduit for inside intelligence information，and clever rebukes(指责).‎ Regardless of book sales or family obligations，Fleming managed to live the life he wanted.As the years passed，his passion for golfing increased so he took more time with it.Fleming’s long-term fascination with America grew，so he traveled there more often.‎ Ian Fleming’s full life caught up with him through his heart.It may be that years of drinking and smoking took their toll，or that the butter-rich cooking Fleming loved was the culprit.Or maybe it was just genetics.Whatever the cause，Fleming’s health declined in the late 1950s.This plus anxieties in the marriage increased Fleming’s depression.With the success of Bond，the world came knocking at Fleming’s door，and he had a harder time shutting those out that he did not want in his life.‎ Nonetheless，Fleming fought the losing battle of his weakening heart by throwing more fuel on the fire.He continued to drink and smoke，making some excuses but not many.He wrote books he wanted to read，and traveled the world with style and authority.By this time，Fleming had already earned his own fortune，created his own identity，and ruled his own literary empire.‎ 语篇解读　本文为一篇人物传记。主要讲述了塑造007人物的作家伊恩·弗莱明是如何走向写作之路的、他的写作特点及他的影响等。‎ ‎65.According to the second paragraph，Fleming accepted the job offered by Kemsley ‎ newspaper .‎ A.and had to give up his yearly holiday plan to Jamaica B.because he was offered to work in Jamaica every winter C.so that he wouldn’t have to look for employment elsewhere D.on condition that he took two months off to Jamaica every year 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，他会在牙买加呆两个月，再根据“He accepted his job at Kemsley newspapers without compromise —this portion of the year would be set aside for Jamaica or he would look elsewhere for employment.”可知，他毫不妥协地接受了在肯斯利报业的工作，条件是他每年要到牙买加(度假)，否则他会去其他地方找工作。故选D。‎ ‎66.What led Fleming to follow the path of writing?‎ A.His dream to be a writer.‎ B.The pressure from a woman.‎ C.His potential for literature.‎ D.His state of health.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer’s journey”可知，弗莱明走向写作之路来自一位怀孕的妇女的压力，故选B。‎ ‎67.When he began writing，Fleming never expected that .‎ A.he would change popular culture B.he could get over the pressure C.Anne would have a divorce D.Anne would keep his child 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“...but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer’s journey which would change his life and popular culture forever.”中的末尾的定语从句中的时态would表明定语从句中的内容是发生在弗莱明开始写作之后，而且他自己从未想过自己的作家之旅会改变他的一生和流行文化。故正确答案为A。‎ ‎68.Fleming’s thrillers reflected his .‎ A.sense of popular culture B.relationship with Anne C.own personalities D.life at Jamaica 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，弗莱明的写作生涯值得更多的审视，但在接下来的12年里，伊恩·弗莱明把他的精英生活、他的傲慢、他的风格和他尖刻的机智转变成了一些有史以来最伟大的惊悚小说。根据句中的“elite existence，arrogance，style，acid”等词都与个性特点有关，表明了弗莱明在他的小说中融进了自己独特的个性特点，故C项正确。‎ ‎69.The fact that “Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism” shows that .‎ A.Fleming took up journalism when he finished Bond’s adventures B.Fleming put Bond through many thrilling adventures C.Fleming described Bond as an adventurous journalist D.Fleming experienced Bond’s adventures when he was a journalist 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism.Even in stories which had little action or pay off...ensured exciting reading.”可知，弗莱明用adventure journalism(新闻式的历险故事)“充满”了关于邦德的故事。故正确答案为B。‎ ‎70.According to the passage，Fleming died of .‎ A.an unidentified reason B.a disease of the heart C.an unknown family disease D.over drinking and smoking 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。第七段首句“Ian Fleming’s full life caught up with him through his heart.”和最后一段首句“Nonetheless，Fleming fought the losing battle of his weakening heart by throwing more fuel on the fire”都提到了heart一词，而最后一段首句中的“losing battle of his weakening heart”表明弗莱明无法战胜他的心脏病。故选B。‎ 第四部分　任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。‎ Poverty has negative effects throughout the life of a child.A child growing up in poverty has a life expectancy seven years less than one who does not.Often born with lower birth weight，the longer a child lives in poverty，the worse these effects become.According to the Brookings Institute and the National Census Bureau，more than 36 million people receive food stamps each year in the U.S.，with children receiving the largest share，and more than 13 million children under 18 live below the poverty line.The effects of childhood poverty are far-reaching.‎ Due to low birth weight，poor nutrition and other effects of poverty，children raised in poverty ‎ have a much lower life expectancy.According to the National Center for Health Statistics，they are over 3.5 times more likely to have health conditions such as asthma(哮喘)，allergies，low immunity and a much higher chance of dying from an infectious disease.In addition，these damaging effects can be passed on genetically，creating generations of unhealthy families with early death rates.‎ Obesity rates(肥胖率) are also higher among children raised in homes with lower household incomes.According to the National Center for Health Statistics，as many as 34 percent of children raised in poverty are obese，compared to 19 percent raised in homes with higher incomes.The federal WIC program—Women，Infants and Children—continues to report high numbers of obesity among the children it serves.In addition，children from poor households report more asthma than children from higher income households.Vaccination rates are also lower for poor children.‎ Exposure to lead，which is more common among poor children，can lead to cognitive and developmental impairment.Children growing up in housing projects or other sub-standard housing are more likely to be exposed to lead.Lead exposure can result in learning disabilities，speech，hearing and language impairment.National statistics indicate that children who live in poverty are almost 1.5 times more likely to develop a learning disability as a result of growing up poor，compared to better-off students.Educational gains in math and reading among children raised in poverty are lower between kindergarten and the third grade，according to the National Center for Education Statistics.‎ The Center on Hunger and Poverty at Brandeis University claims that poverty’s effect can result in physical，emotional and cognitive impairment in children，which can lead to behavioral problems.National statistics indicate that low-income parents are twice as likely to be depressed，with negative effects on their children.Research conducted by the Connecticut Commission on Children concluded that children under 6 years old whose parents are depressed are two to five times more likely to become homeless or to be placed in foster care(看护，养育).Children from low-income homes have more emotional and behavioral problems than non-poor children as a result.‎ The Effects of Child Poverty Passage outline Supporting details Finding Over 13 million 71. children under 18 live in poverty，which leads to far-reaching effects in the following areas.‎ Life Expectancy The life expectancy of poor children is much lower due to low birth weight，poor 72. and other causes.‎ The children are more likely to suffer health conditions and even 73. from an infectious disease.‎ The next generations can receive the 74. effects and die ‎ at an early age.‎ Obesity and 75. ‎ The obesity rates of children raised in poverty are higher than those of children in higher income households.‎ There is more 76. of asthma and lower vaccination for children from poor households.‎ School 77. ‎ Poor children who are 78. to lead can develop learning disabilities，speech，hearing and language impairment.‎ Poor children gain lower 79. in math and reading between kindergarten and the third grade.‎ Behavior Children under 6 more likely tend to end up homeless and in foster care.‎ Children from low-income homes have more 80. and behavioral problems.‎ ‎71.答案　American 解析　根据第一段倒数第二句“...more than 36 million people receive food stamps each year in the U.S...”中的U.S.可知答案。‎ ‎72.答案　nutrition 解析　根据第二段第一句“Due to low birth weight，poor nutrition...have a much lower life expectancy.”中的nutrition可知答案。‎ ‎73.答案　die 解析　根据第二段第二句“a much higher chance of dying from an infectious disease”中的dying可知答案。‎ ‎74.答案　same/similar 解析　根据第二段最后一句中的“In addition，these damaging effects can be passed on genetically(负面影响会随着基因传递下去)”可知答案填same/similar。‎ ‎75.答案　Health 解析　根据第三段第二句“According to the National Center for Health Statistics”可知，此处应填Health。‎ ‎76.答案　possibility 解析　根据第三段最后两句话“In addition，children from poor households report more asthma than children from higher income households.Vaccination rates are also lower for poor children.(出身贫穷的孩子比高收入家庭出身的孩子更易患哮喘，接种疫苗率也更低)”可知答案填possibility。‎ ‎77.答案　Performance 解析　由第四段总结可知，此处指贫穷对孩子在学校表现上的影响，故填Performance。‎ ‎78.答案　exposed 解析　根据第四段中的“Lead exposure can result in learning disabilities，speech，hearing and language impairment.”中的exposure可知答案。‎ ‎79.答案　scores/grades/marks 解析　根据第四段末句“Educational gains...”可知答案填scores/grades/marks，意为“分数”。‎ ‎80.答案　emotional 解析　根据最后一段最后一句中的“have more emotional and behavioral problems”可知答案。‎ 第五部分　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎81.请认真阅读下面文字和图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ 上周末某高校在学生中进行了“什么是幸福”的调查，请你根据下图的提示，用英语写一篇短文。‎ 写作内容 ‎1.用约30个单词简要描述图表内容；‎ ‎2.谈谈你对幸福的理解及获得幸福的途径(至少两点)。‎ 写作要求 ‎1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥；‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3.不必写标题。‎ 评分标准 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ 参考范文 The discussion about happiness has recently aroused people’s attention.According to the survey conducted last week,40% of the students in our school link happiness to a life without worry.Another 30% equal happiness to achieving good grades in study and the rest believe true friends’ company offers them a strong sense of happiness.‎ Different people may have different interpretations of happiness based on their own life experiences.To me，we can achieve happiness through reaching small goals.We are supposed to ‎ constantly reflect on ourselves to make our strengths and weaknesses clear，which form the basis to decide the achievable goals.After accomplishing each of them，we will find a sense of satisfaction.In addition to that，happiness can also be attained through helping people in need.To some extent，we all depend on others in society for a happy life.Our small act of kindness can make a big difference to people around.By bringing happiness to others，we can gain such emotions as self-esteem and contentment，which in turn bring us more joy.‎