2020届人教版高考英语必修四课堂要点精析讲义：Unit2SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading

2020届人教版高考英语必修四课堂要点精析讲义：Unit2SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading

‎ 　　Establishing a human colony on the Moon and travelling to Mars has been the stuff of dreams since the dawn of the space age. ‎ But these visions face many hurdles (障碍). How can humans survive for months or years in the ultrahostile (极端恶劣的) environment of space? What, for instance, will they eat?‎ Agricultural researchers at a Dutch university say they are taking the first steps towards providing an answer. ‎ They are growing vegetables in soils similar to those found on the Moon and Mars, looking for ways of helping space pioneers grow their own crops. “When people go to the Moon and Mars they also have to eat, and it’s easiest for them to grow their own food，” said Wieger Wamelink, surrounded by several dozen plants in a special greenhouse at Wageningen, an agricultural university in central Netherlands. ‎ ‎“We wanted to use real Martian and lunar soil, to see if plants would actually grow in it，” Wamelink told reporters. ‎ Of course, getting real lunar and Martian potting soil is an impossible task. But an Internet search revealed an unlikely supplier: NASA. ‎ ‎“The US space agency makes ground similar to that on the Moon from sand found in an Arizona desert, while Mars’ crimson ’soil’ is scooped (舀；掏) from a volcano in Hawaii，” Wamelink told reporters. ‎ The first experiments started in 2013 after Wageningen received an order of 100 kilograms (220 pounds) of NASA’s imitation “space soil” — at a hefty price of 2,000 euros (D|S2,285). ‎ ‎“To work in this soil was very special. Nobody, not even NASA, could tell us what would happen, even just by simply adding water，” he said. The imitation ground at first was a little “reluctant” to absorb water, but soon turned out to be good potting soil.‎ ‎“Especially in the Martian soil, plants were growing very fast and very good. They even started to flower, something that we never anticipated (预料，预见)，”‎ ‎ Wamelink said. ‎ Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Prereading A PIONEER① FOR ALL PEOPLE Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land② to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt③ face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, ④for whom he has struggled⑤ for the past five decades⑥. Yuan Longping grows what is called super⑦ hybrid⑧ rice⑨. In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice⑩ that has a high output⑪. This special strain⑫ of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop⑬ in the same fields⑭. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China⑮ each year is from this hybrid strain.‎ Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice⑯ has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger⑰ was a disturbing⑱ problem in many parts of the countryside. Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding⑲ the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce about fiftysix million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced. These increased harvests⑳ mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in the world. Yuan Longping is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice， farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.‎ ‎①pioneer n．开拓者；先锋；先驱 ‎②work the land耕种土地 work在此处意为“管理，经营，耕种”，是及物动词。‎ ‎③sunburnt/’sʌnbɜːnt/adj.晒黑的 ‎④for whom he has struggled＝whom he has struggled for。‎ ‎⑤struggle/’strʌɡl/vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力 ‎⑥decade/’dekeId/n.十年；十年期 for the past five decades在过去的50年里，与现在完成时连用。‎ ‎⑦super/’sjuːpə/adj.特级的；超级的 常用来构成合成名词，如：supermarket“超市”，superman“超人”。‎ ‎⑧hybrid/’haIbrId/adj.混合的；杂种的 n．杂交种；混血儿 ‎⑨what is called super hybrid rice是what引导的宾语从句，what意为“……的东西；……的事情”。‎ ‎⑩动词不定式to grow rice作定语，修饰pioneer。‎ 当词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，多用动词不定式而非分词短语作定语。‎ ‎⑪output/’aʊtpʊt/n.产量；输出(反义词：input)‎ ‎⑫strain/streIn/n.(植物的)品种；种类 ‎⑬crop/krɒp/n.庄稼；农作物；产量 ‎⑭makes it possible是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，其中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields。‎ ‎⑮过去分词短语produced in China作后置定语，修饰rice。‎ ‎⑯动名词短语finding ways to grow more rice在句中作主语，动词不定式短语to grow more rice作定语，修饰ways。‎ ‎⑰hunger/’hʌŋɡə/n.饥饿；欲望 vt.&vi.(使)饥饿 have a strong hunger for sth.有得到某物的强烈欲望 ‎⑱disturbing/dI’stɜːbIŋ/adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 ‎⑲expand/Ik’spænd/vt.&vi.使变大；伸展 ‎⑳过去分词increased作定语，修饰harvests。‎ circulate/’sɜːkjʊleIt/vt.&vi.循环；流传 circulate knowledge传播知识 Vietnam/ˌvjet’næm/n.越南(东南亚国家)‎ thanks to幸亏；由于；因为 battle/’bætl/n.战役；战斗；较量；斗争 vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗 rid ...of使……摆脱或除去 rid/rId/vt.摆脱；除去 现在分词短语using his hybrid rice作原因状语。‎ twice as large as ……的两倍大 造福全人类的先驱 ‎[第1～2段译文]‎ 尽管他是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间耕作，进行科学研究。的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样。过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量成为可能。如今中国每年生产的稻米有60%以上出自这种杂交稻种。‎ 袁隆平于1930年出生，1953年毕业于西南农学院。从那时起，找到水稻高产的方法就成为他一生的目标。年轻时，他就看到了对水稻增产的巨大需求。当时，饥饿是许多农村地区面临的一个严重问题。袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求增加稻谷产量的途径。1950年，中国农民能生产大约五千六百万吨稻米，而近来却生产了将近两亿吨稻米。这一粮食产量的增加意味着中国仅用世界7%的耕地养活了世界22%的人口。袁隆平现在在印度、越南和很多其他欠发达国家传播提高水稻产量的知识。由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。‎ Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn’t care about being famous. He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mahjong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.‎ Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Yuan Longping had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Yuan Longping has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.‎ be satisfied with对……感到满意 freedom/’friːdəm/n.自由；自主 would rather 宁愿；宁可 此处listening to ..., playing ..., swimming和reading均为enjoys的宾语。‎ 动名词短语spending money ...在句中作主语，谓语动词mean用第三人称单数形式。‎ means very little to him对他来说意义不大 therefore/’ðeəfɔː/adv.因此；所以；因而 equip/I’kwIp/vt.&vi.配备；装备 sorghum/’sɔːɡəm/n.高粱 ear of rice稻穗 ear of corn 玉米穗 grain/ɡreIn/n.谷物；粮食；颗粒 peanut/’piːnʌt/n.花生 that could feed more people是that引导的定语从句，修饰a kind of rice。‎ export/Ik’spɔːt/vt.&vi.输出；出口 so that it can ...中，so that引导目的状语从句。‎ ‎[第3～4段译文]　　‎ 袁隆平很满意他的生活。但是，他对成名并不在意。他觉得出名后搞科研就不那么自由了。他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。他喜欢听小提琴乐曲、搓麻将、游泳和读书。在自己身上花钱或者享受舒适的生活对他来说意义也不大。事实上，他认为一个人有了太多钱，他的麻烦事只会更多，而不是更少。于是，他拿出数百万元帮助其他人进行农业研究。‎ 然而，梦想是不花本钱的。很久以前，袁隆平曾梦见水稻长得像高粱一样高，稻穗跟玉米穗一样大，而每粒稻米像花生米一般大。他从梦中醒来，希望能培育出一种能养活更多人的水稻。许多年后的今天，袁隆平还有另外一个梦想，那就是他的稻米可以出口以便长遍全球。一个梦想总是不够的，尤其对一个热爱和关心人民的人来说更是如此。‎ Prereading Please match the words with their proper meanings.‎ ‎1．sunburnt 　A．to provide with things necessary for a certain purpose ‎2．decade B．extremely good ‎3．expand C．to try extremely hard to achieve something ‎4．therefore D．to remove sth.that is causing a problem from a place, group, etc ‎5．equip E．brown (skin) from spending too much time in the sun ‎6．export F．making you feel anxious and upset or shocked ‎7．rid G．to become larger in size, number or amount ‎8．super H．to send things to foreign countries for sale ‎9．disturbing I．as a result ‎10．struggle J．a period of ten years ‎11．statistic K．a job or profession ‎12．occupation L．a piece of information shown in numbers ‎1～5________　6～10________　11～12________‎ 答案：1～5　EJGIA　6～10　HDBFC　11～12　LK Leadin ‎1．What do you know about farming?‎ ‎　　　(1)plant　　　　　　(2)weed ‎ (3)water (4)harvest ‎2．What kind of crops do you know?‎ ‎ (1)wheat (2)corn ‎ (3)rice (4)carrot Whilereading ‎ Fastreading ‎1．What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ Yuan_Longping’s_achievements_in_farming.‎ ‎2．Read the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea.‎ ‎(1)Paragraph ‎1　‎　　A．Yuan Longping’s brief life experiences.‎ ‎(2)Paragraph 2 B．Yuan Longping’s dreams.‎ ‎(3)Paragraph ‎3 C．Yuan Longping’s attitudes toward life.‎ ‎(4)Paragraph 4 D．Yuan Longping’s achievements in the improvements on rice production.‎ 答案：(1)～(4)　DACB Carefulreading Read the text and choose the best answers.‎ ‎1．From the first paragraph, we know that Yuan Longping________.‎ A．is a farmer B．looks like a farmer C．has a weak body D．is China’s most famous scientist ‎2．The sentence “Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing” in the last paragraph means that ________.‎ A．one should have dreams B．one shouldn’t have dreams C．one’s wishes are easy to realize D．one wishes for things that cost nothing ‎3．From the text, we can conclude that ________.‎ A．60% of the rice grown in the world is from super hybrid rice B．Yuan Longping made a great contribution to the world in solving the hunger problem C．Yuan Longping leads a very comfortable life with his high income D．Yuan Longping has the habit of having dreams when ‎ sleeping ‎4．The following are all Dr Yuan’s hobbies EXCEPT ________.‎ A．listening to violin music B．swimming and reading C．playing mahjong D．smoking and drinking ‎5．The whole passage mainly talks about________.‎ A．how to solve the world’s hunger problem B．how to increase rice harvests C．Yuan Longping’s achievements in farming D．Yuan Longping’s daily life 答案：1～5　BABDC Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.‎ ‎1．Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.‎ ‎[句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句，句子主语为“his sunburnt face and arms and his ‎ slim, strong body”， those指代“sunburnt face and arms and slim, strong body”， for whom为“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Chinese farmers。‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样。过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。‎ ‎2．In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.‎ ‎[句式分析]　‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。‎ ‎3．He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.‎ ‎[句式分析]　‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　他从梦中醒来，希望能培育一种能养活更多人的水稻。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A An average 30yearold person who has eaten three meals a day since birth has eaten more than 30,000 meals to date. Even if you've only eaten half that much have to admit this: you've let some of that breakfast, lunch or dinner ‎ go to waste. And it turns out we're all to blame for this shaming fact: 30% of all food produced in the world each year is wasted or lost. That's about 1.3 billion tons, according to a new report by the U．N. Food and Agriculture Organization.‎ That's the weight of more than 8.6 million fullgrown blue whales, the largest creatures on earth. That's the weight of more than 2.3 million Airbus A380s, the largest planes in existence. That's as if each person in China, the world's most populous country with more than 1.3 billion people, had one ton mass of food thrown into the dustbin. It's almost unfathomable,_isn't it?‎ Setting aside that big number, we find the people with the most money are the ones who waste the most. On average, a person in European and North American countries wastes between 95 and 115 kilograms of food. SubSaharan African, South Asian and Southeast Asian countries waste much, much less — between 6 and 11 kilograms per person.‎ Here's another statistic: all the food that the world's richest countries waste is about equal to all the food that subSaharan Africa produces. The numbers: 222 million tons and 230 million tons, respectively (分别地). Basically, the wasted food of the rich could feed much of the African continent. And these numbers come as we've just been reporting about rising food prices around the world in the past week.‎ And my own personal tip: if I eat at a restaurant and can't finish it all, I ask for a doggie bag. I used to be a waiter years ago and will never forget the amounts of food I saw left on the table after the bill was paid. There's no reason to waste food. It's up to all of us to use our common sense to eat and shop just a bit more wisely.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。根据联合国粮农组织的一份报告，目前全球生产出来的30%的食物在消费过程中被浪费。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “unfathomable” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Possible to imagine.‎ B．Impossible to change.‎ C．Impossible to understand.‎ D．Possible to understand.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，每年浪费的食物的重量超过了860万头地球上最大的动物——蓝鲸的重量，也超过了230万架世界上现有的最大的飞机——空中客车A380的重量。这也好比在世界拥有超过13亿人的人口最多的国家——中国，人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。由此可推知这种现象使人难以理解。unfathomable意为“难以理解的；深不可测的”。‎ ‎2．It can be learned that the food the rich waste can support ________.‎ A．half the people in ‎Europe B．most people of ‎America C．most people of ‎Asia D．most people of ‎Africa 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Basically, the wasted food of the rich could feed much of the African continent.”可推知，富有的国家浪费的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分地区的人。‎ ‎3．The author gave his personal tip based on the fact that ________.‎ A．he was once very poor B．he was once a farmer C．he once worked in a restaurant D．the price of food is very high 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“I used to be a waiter years ago and will never forget the amounts of food I saw left on the table after the bill was paid.”可知，作者的建议是根据他曾是一个餐馆服务员的工作经历而给出的。‎ ‎4．What is the purpose of this article?‎ A．To show the author's opinion of food.‎ B．To let us live more wisely and not waste food.‎ C．To show the amount of wasted food a year.‎ D．To ask the richest countries to help African people.‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。根据第一段倒数第二句“And it turns out we're all to blame for this shaming fact: 30% of all food produced in the world each year is wasted or lost.”和最后一段最后两句“There's no reason to waste food. It's up to all of us to use our common sense to eat and shop just a bit more wisely.”可推知，文章的写作目的在于让人们不要浪费食物，要更明智地生活。‎ B Looking for a few extra work hours or a new job? Many local businesses are on the lookout for help: just take a look along Divisadero street and you'll notice many “Help Wanted ” signs posted in windows. Here are a few of the jobs now hiring in the neighborhood.‎ Clerk at New StarEll Liquor New StarEll Liquor corner store has a “Help Wanted” sign in its window for someone to work a variety of tasks in the store. Stop by and talk to Sameer.‎ Host and Pizza Maker at Little Star Pizza Little Star Pizza is in need of a host for its Divisadero street location. No experience is necessary, but an excellent attitude is required. The payment is D|S12.25 an hour, plus tips. In addition, the restaurant is also in search for a pizza maker with 1—2 years experience. The job pays D|S15 or more an hour depending on experience, plus tips.‎ For more information on the host position and the pizza maker job, please click here.‎ Front of House and Back of House Positions at 4505 Burgers & BBQ If you're into brisket, burgers, and more, 4505 Burgers and BBQ is hiring for three positions. The front of house role includes taking orders, knowing the menu through and through, and ensuring that guests are happy. The salary is competitive, with paid time off after 90 days, and health insurance benefits after 60 days. You can email resumes using the email addresses in each Craigslist ad above.‎ Estimator and Body Technician at Lofrano's Auto Body Shop Right next door to 4505 Burgers & BBQ is an opportunity for those who are good at both math and cars. Lofrano is looking for an estimator with knowledge of the car industry as well as a qualified body technician. Applicants must be legally allowed to work in the USA, have a valid CA driver's license, and pass a drug and background screening. Benefits include 100 percent medical insurance, 401K Plan, paid time off and training paid by the shop. Interested individuals can apply online for either position.‎ ‎5．If you want to apply for a host in Little Star Pizza you should ________.‎ A．have the ability to perform several tasks B．have gained 1－2 years experience C．treat the customers friendly and kindly D．be skilled in managing a pizza shop 解析：选C　细节理解题。依据第三段的内容可知，Little Star Pizza招聘 host的条件是可以没有工作经验，但是要有一个极好的态度，故选C项。‎ ‎6．What do you know about Lofrano's Auto Body Shop?‎ A．The applicant can get a high and attractive salary.‎ B．It provides chances to train a qualified body technician.‎ C．The applicant can get health insurance for 90 days.‎ D．It is in need of an estimator knowing car industry.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。依据文章的最后一段可知，Lofrano's Auto Body Shop正在招聘一名了解汽车行业的评估师和一名取得执业资格的技术人员，故选D项。‎ ‎7．Where do the readers probably read the passage?‎ A．In a life magazine.‎ B．In an advertisement.‎ C．On the TV screen.‎ D．On the internet.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。依据第四段的“please click here”可知，这是刊登在某一网站上的信息，因此选D。‎ C Grasse‎ has always been associated with smell. In the Middle Ages it smelt particularly unpleasant due to its leather tanning (制革) industry. The nobility (贵族) only rarely visited the pretty and charming town to pick up their handmade and tanned leather gloves. Compared with the large area of land in the surrounding countryside, Grasse was certainly a necessary evil with no selfrespecting noble owning buildings there.‎ Molinard, a Grasse tanner himself, created the first Grasse perfume. Word spread like ‎ wildfire amongst the nobility about the designer perfumed gloves. Molinard offered a pair of his gloves to Catherine de Medici (the Queen), who gave plenty of praise to her Grasse fragrant (芳香的) gloves; she almost singlehandedly assured Grasse's reputation as the perfume capital of the world. Thanks to Catherine de Medici, Grasse merchants were encouraged to grow the fragrant plants that tanners needed to supply perfumed leather to the nobility.‎ Grasse‎ has four perfume factories and perfumeries as well as a perfume school and a perfume museum. Fragonard's perfume museum is situated on the first floor of its perfume factory and displays an amazing private collection of perfume bottles, presentation boxes, documents and equipment that tell the history of perfume making from its earliest beginnings to the present day. The perfume museum is open every day, Sundays and public holidays included.‎ Grasse is certainly a fragrant heaven, a_far_cry from its smelly beginning as a leather tanning town. Now famous for a far sweeter smell, Grasse is surrounded by fields of jasmine, roses and so on.‎ Those looking for real estate in France would have to go a long way to find anywhere more charming than Grasse with the city of Nice and its airport just a short drive away and plenty of activities to enjoy in the surrounding countryside. Real estate in Grasse is situated between the Southern Alps and the Cote d'Azur, allowing owners the best of both worlds.‎ ‎8. Why was Grasse considered to be necessary although it was an “evil”？‎ A．It produced leather gloves.‎ B．It was a beautiful and attractive town.‎ C．It made the nobility look respectable.‎ D．It beautified the surrounding countryside.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。文章第一段中的“its leather tanning (制革) industry”“only rarely visited the pretty and charming town to pick up their handmade and tanned leather gloves”说明格拉斯当时制造的皮手套非常著名。故选A。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined part “a far cry” in the last but one paragraph mean?‎ A．A long cry.　　　　　　　B．A great surprise.‎ C．Very different. D．Very distant.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。画线词前后的“a fragrant heaven”和“from its smelly beginning as a leather tanning town”说明格拉斯现在是香水天堂，不同于它刚开始时是一个有皮革臭味的小城。‎ ‎10．According to Para.3, Fragonard's perfume museum ________.‎ A．has several perfume factories B．is famous for its perfume school C．shows visitors the history of ‎Grasse D．can be visited all the year around 解析：选D　细节理解题。文章第三段的最后一句提到Fragonard香水博物馆每天(包括周日和公众假日)都对人们开放，因此选D项。‎ ‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to Make Friends with Neighbors Most people have neighbors where they live, whether it is in a house, a townhouse, or an apartment. You want to be friends with your neighbors, not enemies. Here are some tips to make that happen.‎ Get to know your neighbors. If you are the ones moving in and nobody has come to greet you, introduce yourself to your neighbors. __1__ If you see someone with a moving truck moving in, introduce yourself and offer to help. Take them a hometreat, such as cookies or bread, and welcome them to the neighborhood.‎ ‎__2__ Take a loaf of bread or a plate of cookies or brownies and wish them a Merry Christmas. You can make a little bag of candy to take to them and wish them a Happy Halloween.‎ Invite your neighbors to dinner or a barbecue. You can get to know them over a delicious meal. Don't ask them to bring anything. __3__ You can also invite your neighbor over to your house if you are watching a football, baseball, or other sport you think they might be interested in.‎ Be considerate to your neighbors.__4__ You don't want to be the annoying neighbors who have no consideration for others in the neighborhood. Keep your arguments within the walls of your house. Don't run outside yelling at one another, creating a huge scene. Nobody wants to know about your personal or family problems.‎ Let your children play together. Don't discourage your children from playing with your neighbor's children because of religion, race, or other petty things.__5__‎ A．Help out with yard work.‎ B．Wish them Happy Holidays.‎ C．If they offer, be gracious and accept it.‎ D．Go up to your neighbor's house and say hello.‎ E．If you see your neighbor working out in his or her yard, offer a helping hand.‎ F．Don't play super loud music in the early morning or after nine o'clock at night.‎ G．They will probably grow up together, so avoid creating enemies and make friends instead.‎ ‎1．选D　‎ 根据本段主题句：开始去结识你的朋友及空前一句：如果你是新搬来的，没有人跟你打招呼，那就向你的邻居介绍自己。故此处谈去邻居家主动打招呼。‎ ‎2．选B　根据下文，带面包或曲奇饼祝福朋友圣诞快乐，故此处作为主题句，谈论祝福邻居节日快乐的话题。‎ ‎3．选C　根据本段主题句：通过共进晚餐或一起吃烧烤可以增进与邻居的友谊。上文谈不要让他们带任何东西来，此处表示如果他们带来了要有礼貌的接受，与上文为转折对比关系。‎ ‎4．选F　根据本段主题句，要多为邻居着想，故此处以太早或太晚不要大声弹奏音乐，具体说明如何体谅邻居。‎ ‎5．选G　根据上文，让你家孩子跟邻居家孩子一起玩，故此处谈孩子们将很可能一起长大，成为朋友而不是敌人。‎