天津市天津一中2019-2020学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题

天津市天津一中2019-2020学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题

天津一中 高一年级英语单元测验试卷 Book II Unit 5 & 6‎ ‎(满分100分；考试时间：45分钟)‎ 第I卷 (70分)‎ I. 单项选择 （共20小题；每小题1分；满分20分）‎ ‎1.— Could you help me paint the walls this weekend, Tom?‎ ‎— ______. What time should I come over to your house?‎ A. Up to you B. No problem C. It depends D. Wait a minute ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：汤姆，这个周末你能帮我刷墙吗？——没问题。我应该什么时候去你家呢？A. Up to you随便你，你决定；B. No problem没问题；C. It depends 看情况而定；D. Wait a minute等一下，等一会。根据What time should I come over to your house?可知汤姆答应了帮忙刷墙。故选B项。‎ ‎2.In current economic situations, some small businesses will need to _____ costs in order to survive.‎ A. affect B. adopt C. reduce D. release ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当前的经济形势下，一些小企业需要降低成本才能生存。A. affect影响，感染；B. adopt采取，接受；C. reduce降低，减少；D. release释放，放开，放弃。由in order to survive可知此处要用降低成本。故选C项。‎ ‎3.According to a recent research, some of the small islands around the country may disappear _____ the effects of climate change.‎ A. except for B. along with C. instead of D. due to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：根据最近的一项研究，由于气候变化的影响，该国周围的一些小岛可能会消失。A. except for要不是由于，除……之外；B. along with 连同……一起，沿（顺）着；C. instead of代替，而不是；D. due to由于，应归于。根据may disappear可知此处是表示原因。故选D项。‎ ‎4.Lady Gaga has put off her concerts because of the difficulties ______ by the strikes.‎ A. causing B. being caused C. caused D. having caused ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于罢工造成的困难，Lady Gaga推迟了她的演唱会。分析句子可知，cause此处作定语，修饰difficulties，the difficulties与cause之间是被动关系，且根据by可知此处要用过去分词形式。故选C项。‎ ‎5.Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music.‎ A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Helen不得不大声呼喊以盖过音乐的声音使自己被听到。分析句子结构及句意可知，此处使用不定式做目的状语，同时此处是make的复合结构，宾语herself和宾语补足语hear之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词表被动。故选D。‎ ‎6.There are several ______ in this novel that are different in ______.‎ A. character; character B. characters; characters C. character; characters D. characters; character ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词的单复数。句意：这部小说中有几个人物性格不同。character意为“特性，人物角色”，是可数名词；character意为“性格，品质”，是不可数名词；根据several可知此处要用名词的复数形式，意为“人物角色”，再根据句意，different in可知表示在什么方面不同，用单数形式意为“性格”。故选D项。‎ ‎7.Our department usually begins a new week after reviewing the ______ week’s work.‎ A. previous B. regular C. formal D. original ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们部门通常在回顾了前一周的工作后开始新的一周。A. previous早先的，以前的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. formal 正式的；D. original原始的，首创的。根据reviewing可知是回顾上一周的工作。故选A项。‎ ‎8.______ many failures, I have the courage to meet all challenges.‎ A. To experience B. Having experienced C. Experienced D. Experiencing ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经历了许多失败，我有勇气迎接所有的挑战。分析句子可知，experience作状语，逻辑主语与主句主语I一致，experience与I是主动关系，且experience这个动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，可知此处要用非谓语动词having done现在分词的完成式。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查了非谓语动词having done现在分词的完成式。非谓语中的having done是现在分词的完成式，它表示主动的动作，并且动作发生在谓语动词之前，常常作状语来修饰动词。如：‎ Not having had anything for the whole day, he wolfed down three bowls of rice.‎ Having seen him before, I know what he is like.‎ Having graduated from high school, he became a journalist.‎ ‎9.Susan went over to her parents’ house to ______ some clean clothes.‎ A. pick up B. put up C. cheer up D. look up ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：苏珊到她父母家去收拾一些干净衣服。A. pick up收拾，捡起，获得，学会；B. put up提供，举起，建造，提高，张贴；C. cheer up使振奋，使高兴；D. look up查阅，仰望，向上看，尊敬，拜访。根据some clean clothes可知此处意为收拾衣服。故选A项。‎ ‎10. — Mom , what did your doctor say ?‎ ‎— He advised me to live_______ the air is fresher .‎ A. the palce where B. in which C. in where D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查状语从句。句意：---妈妈，你的医生说什么？——他建议我住在空气新鲜的地方。根据句子结构，后面没有名词，所以不是定语从句，不能选B; live接宾语，加介词in，故A错误；C不能直接放在live后面，因为live是不及物动词不能直接根宾语。引导状语从句用where，做地点状语，故选D。‎ ‎11.I had been feeling so bad ______ she turned up and told me she would give me another chance.‎ A. after B. while C. as soon as D. until ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我一直感觉很糟糕，直到她出现并告诉我她会再给我一次机会。A. after在……之后；B. while 在……期间，尽管，与……同时；C. as soon as一……就…；D. until到……时，直到。根据and told me she would give me another chance可知此处表示她出现给我再一次机会我才感觉没那么糟糕。故选D项。‎ ‎12.You should book your flight about two or three weeks _____ so that you can enjoy a lower price.‎ A. in particular B. in advance C. in return D. in fact ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：你应该提前两到三周预订机票，这样你就可以享受更低的价格。A. in particular尤其，特别是；B. in advance预先，提前；C. in return作为回报；D. in fact事实上，实际上。根据so that you can enjoy a lower price和常识可知，提前预定的机票价格会更低。故选B项。‎ ‎13. You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation.‎ A. promise B. lead C. balance D. diary ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：你工作太认真了，你最好在工作和放松之间保持平衡。A.promise诺言；B.lead领先；C.balance平衡；D.diary日记。keep a balance 保持平衡；结合句意可知C正确。‎ ‎14.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.‎ A. who B. whose C. whom D. which ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我就不会走得这么远。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词Professor Smith，在后面定语从句中作help的定语，所以关系代词为whose。故选B项。‎ ‎15.His casual remarks led to ______ by others.‎ A. me misunderstood B. my misunderstanding C. my being misunderstood D. me be misunderstood ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动名词的复合结构。句意：他随口说的话导致我被别人误解了。固定短语lead to“导致”，其中to是介词，可知后接动名词作介词宾语；misunderstand的逻辑主语是I，作宾格时不能用主格，用代词宾格或者形容性物主代词+动名词的形式，再根据by others可知要用其被动式。故选C项。‎ ‎16. When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years.‎ A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的David。根据语境，“not see”这个动作发生在come across之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。故选C。‎ ‎【名师点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示过去的过去的动作，还有一个特点就是和过去的一段时间搭配。‎ ‎17.It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors.‎ A. who B. where C. which D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查强调句型。句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，可能会与that构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was和that，句子When I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors..这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构，还有强调句应用于名词性从句的语序问题。‎ ‎18.When I went into the room, I saw my foreign teacher ____ some students with their oral English.‎ A. helping B. to help C. help D. having helped ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我走进房间时，我看到我的外国老师正在帮助一些学生练习英语口语。短语see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，此处现在分词doing作宾语补足语，表示正在发生的动作，根据with their oral English可知外教正在帮助学生练习口语。故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】考查see sb. doing sth.的用法。区别如下：see sb. doing sth是指“看见某人正在做某事”，不是全过程，表示正在进行的动作；see sb. do sth是指“看见某人做过某事”是看着事情的发生全过程，是看见某人做某事。如：‎ I saw her clean the classroom. ‎ 我看到她打扫教室了。（强调做过这件事）‎ I saw her cleaning the classroom. ‎ 我看到她正在打扫教室（强调正在做某事）‎ ‎19.Today we are going to talk about the effects of smog ______ the environment.‎ A. to B. towards C. on D. in ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：今天我们要讨论的是雾霾对环境的影响。根据the effects可知此处要用介词on，表示在什么方面，短语have（an）effect on…对……产生影响，影响。故选C项。‎ ‎20.She _____ working at night and it took her a few months to _____ it.‎ A. was not used to, used to B. used to, was not used to C. did not used to, got used to D. was not used to, get used to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不习惯晚上工作，花了几个月的时间才习惯。used to过去常常；be used to习惯于，被用来做；get used to习惯于，适应于。根据working at night 可知表示不习惯；再根据it took her a few months to可知此处要用动词原形，表示习惯。故选D项。‎ II. 完形填空 (共20小题; 每小题20分; 满分20 分)‎ A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt that he couldn’t move. What was the ___21___ was that he found himself unable to ask for help—his mobile phone went out of ___22___ as a result of exhausted battery (电池). Nothing could be done but ___23___ in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that day broke, and then the ___24___ of the rescue (救援).‎ It is almost ___25___ that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more surprising was his ___26___: “First of all I checked up my ___27___ conditions and found myself not in fatal (致命的) danger. As there was no ___28___ to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from ___29___. In this way I dozed (打盹) off.”‎ His story put an end to my regret for the ___30___ of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men ___31___ to explore a mountain cave and got lost. ___32___ to find a way out in the dark cave they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of ___33___. Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the ___34___ people that found them, the place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the ___35___ of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to ___36___ themselves, they would ‎ probably sense a faint light glimmering (闪烁) not far away.‎ Don’t you think that you can compare it with ___37___ itself? When you meet with obstacles in life and work, you are lost in darkness. Mind you (请你注意) it’s ___38___ yet and you needn’t put up struggle ___39___. It seems to be a negative attitude; ___40___ a person who can afford to do so must have foresight (预见) as well as great courage in the first place.‎ ‎21. A. hopeless B. worst C. more D. best ‎22. A. place B. way C. order D. work ‎23. A. cry B. lie C. wait D. sleep ‎24. A. delay B. success C. team D. arrival ‎25. A. untrue B. unimaginable C. true D. useless ‎26. A. plan B. decision C. explanation D. excuse ‎27. A. physical B. mental C. working D. medical ‎28. A. method B. way C. alternative D. strength ‎29. A. rotting B. spreading C. hurting D. bleeding ‎30. A. loss B. failure C. disappointment D. sadness ‎31. A. had B. managed C. tried D. planned ‎32. A. Willing B. Unable C. Determined D. Deciding ‎33. A. hearing B. sight C. feeling D. direction ‎34. A. rescue B. village C. local D. brave ‎35. A. end B. top C. opening D. side ‎36. A. save B. help C. stop D. calm ‎37. A. adventure B. work C. life D. man ‎38. A. unclear B. unacceptable C. unnecessary D. unable ‎39. A. really B. immediately C. carefully D. hopefully ‎40. A. and B. so C. but D. while ‎【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者通过两个事例的对比，说明无论是在生活中还是在工作中，当人们处于困境或危急状况时，不轻举妄动、保持镇静是智慧和勇气的表现。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是，他发现自己无法求助——他的手机因电池耗尽而不能使用了。A. hopeless无望的；B. worst最差的，最坏的；C. more更多的；D. best最好的。根据句中的unable to ask for help可知此处表示最糟糕的情况。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是，他发现自己无法求助——他的手机因电池耗尽而无法工作。A. place地方；B. way方法，方式，道路；C. order订单，命令；D. work工作。根据as a result of exhausted battery可知此处表示手机不能使用了，短语out of work不能使用，有毛病。故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了在寒冷的荒野中等待，别无他法。A. cry 哭喊；B. lie 躺下；C. wait 等待；D. sleep 睡觉。根据Nothing could be done可知在这种情况下只能等待了。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事发8个小时后，救援人员到达现场。A. delay延期；B. success成功；C. team队，组；D. arrival到来，到达。根据It was 8 hours later that day broke可推断这个时候救援队应该到达了。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很难想象他能在黑暗中忍受这么长时间的恐怖。A. untrue不真实的，不合标准的；B. unimaginable不可思议的；C. true真实的，正确地；D. useless无用的，无效的。根据 he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long可知此处表示这种情况是很难想象的。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是他的解释：“首先，我检查了我的身体状况，发现自己没有致命的危险。A. plan计划；B. decision决定，决议；C. explanation说明，解释；D. excuse借口，理由。根据句中的First of all可知此处是他的解释。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是他的解释：“首先，我检查了我的身体状况，发现自己没有致命的危险。A. physical物理的，身体的；B. mental疯的，精神的；C. working工作的，操作的；D. medical医学的，内科的。根据and found myself not in fatal danger可知是检查身体的情况。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有办法呼救，我只好靠在椅背上，尽量不让伤口流血。我就这样睡着了。A. method方法；B. way方法，方式，道路；C. alternative供替代的选择；D. strength力量，力气，长处。根据上文中that he found himself unable to ask for help可知他手机没电了没有办法求救。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有办法呼救，我只好靠在椅背上，尽量不让伤口流血。我就这样睡着了。A. rotting 腐烂；B. spreading传播；C. hurting伤害；D. bleeding出血。根据上文的His legs were so hurt that he couldn’t move.可知他的腿受伤了，所以此处表示不让伤口流血。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的故事结束了我对去年探险失败的遗憾。A. loss亏损，减少，失败；B. failure失败；C. disappointment失望，沮丧；D. sadness悲哀。根据句中的put an end to my regret可知此处表示探险失败。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群年轻人试图探索一个山洞，结果迷路了。A. had有，得到；B. managed管理，负责；C. tried尝试，审问；D. planned打算，设计。固定短语try to do sth.试图做某事，尝试做某事，根据and got lost可知此处表示试图去探索山洞。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在黑暗的洞穴里找不到出路，感到害怕，焦急地跑着，没有方向感。A. Willing乐意的；B. Unable不能的；C. Determined坚决的；D. Deciding决定性的。根据句中的they were frightened可知他们没能找到出路。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在黑暗的洞穴里找不到出路，感到害怕，焦急地跑着，没有方向感。A. hearing听力，审讯；B. sight视力，眼界，景象；C. feeling感觉；D. direction方向，指导。根据and ran anxiously可知此处表示没有方向感，短语a sense of direction方向感。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据发现他们的救援人员称，他们迷路的地方离洞口只有‎10米远。A. rescue援救，营救；B. village村庄，村民；C. local当地居民；D. brave勇士。根据句中的that found them可知是救援人员发现了他们。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据发现他们的救援人员称，他们迷路的地方离洞口只有‎10米远。A. end尽头，末端，结束；B. top顶部，顶端；C. opening出口，机会，开始；D. side旁边，方面。根据where they got lost was only about 10 meters away可知此处表示出口。故选C。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们在迷路时呆在原地，试图使自己平静下来，他们可能会感觉到不远处有微弱的灯光在闪烁。A. save节省，保存，拯救；B. help帮助；C. stop停止；D. calm使平静。根据they would probably sense a faint light glimmering not far away可知只要他们平静下来才能感到不远处有微弱的灯光在闪烁。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：难道你不认为你可以把它和生活本身相比较吗？A. adventure冒险；B. work工作；C. life生活，生命；D. man男人，人，丈夫，人类。根据下文的When you meet with obstacles in life and work可知此处表示生活。故选C。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：请注意，事情还不清楚，你不必马上进行斗争。A. unclear不清楚的；B. unacceptable 不能接收的；C. unnecessary不必要的，多余的；D. unable不会的，不能的。根据句中的you needn’t put up struggle可知此处表示事情还不清楚到底是怎么样的。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：请注意，事情还不清楚，你不必马上进行斗争。A. really实际上，真正地；B. immediately立刻；C. carefully小心地；D. hopefully有希望地。根据Mind you可推测此处表示不必马上斗争。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一种消极的态度；但是，一个有能力这样做的人首先必须有远见和巨大的勇气。A. and并且；B. so因此，所以；C. but但是；D. while虽然，然而，当……的时候。此处与前句是转折关系，要使用表示转折的连词but。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第8小题要求判断他没有办法。该题可根据这一段上文中that he found himself unable to ask for help可知他手机没电了没有办法求救。故选B项。还可以根据生活常识进行解答。比如第1小题判断是什么情况，上文提到根据句中的unable to ask for help可知此处表示最糟糕的情况。故选B项。‎ III. 阅读理解 （共15小题；每小题2分；满分30分）‎ A That cold January night I was growing sick of my life in San Francisco. There I was, walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theater. With opening night only a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me. ‎ ‎ As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold. I began running, both to keep warm and to keep away any possible robbers(抢劫犯). Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under blankets.‎ ‎ About a block from my apartment, I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.‎ ‎ Suddenly I wasn’t cold or tired anymore. I ran out of the door and back to where I’d heard the noise. Although I searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found.‎ ‎ Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the garbage truck(垃圾车) pull up to the sidewalk next to me. When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Camacho?” I thought I was dreaming. How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man with an amused look in his eyes. “Is this what you’re looking for?” he asked, holding up a small square shape.‎ ‎ It was nearly ‎3 a.m. by the time I got into bed. I wouldn’t get much sleep that ‎ night, but I had got my wallet back. I also had got back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn’t be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.‎ ‎41. How did the writer feel when she was walking home after work?‎ A. Cold and sick. B. Lucky and hopeful.‎ C. Satisfied and cheerful. D. Disappointed and helpless.‎ ‎42. From the first paragraph, we learn that the writer was busy_____.‎ A. solving her problem at the bank B. taking part in various city activities C. learning acting in an evening school D. preparing for the first night show ‎43. On her way home the writer_____.‎ A. lost her wallet unknowingly B. was stopped by a garbage truck driver C. was robbed of her wallet by a man with a knife D. found some homeless people following her ‎44. In the fifth paragraph, why did the writer say she was dreaming?‎ A. Someone offered to take her back home.‎ B. A red-haired man came to see her.‎ C. She heard someone call her name.‎ D. Her wallet was found in a garbage truck.‎ ‎45. From the text, we can infer that the writer_____.‎ A. would stop working at night B. would stay on in San Francisco C would make friends with cleaners D. would give up her job at the bank ‎【答案】41. D 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文主人公由于不能适应城市节奏而失望灰心正打算离开城市时，无意丢失钱包，恰被好心人拾得并归还，从而让她有了在城市生活下去的信心。本文情节起伏不大，但大转折的结尾似乎出乎意料又在情理之中。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据首段作者想放弃演戏甚至城市生活的消极心态说明我走在大街上的心情，用disappointed形容正确。第二段中的高楼和空寂的大街衬托出我的渺小和无助，因此用helpless形容也很正确。结尾垃圾工拾到我的钱包主动还给我使我对生活有了新的认识，用help each other映衬出作者开始时的helpless。故选D。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的With opening night only a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time.可知，离开幕式只有一周了，我还在学习台词。作者是她在为第一个夜场演出做准备。故选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段的Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.可知，作者在回家的路上不知不觉地丢了钱包。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 细节理解题。从第五段的句子When a voice called from the inside,“Alisa Camacho?”I thought I was dreaming.可知，听见有人叫他的名字，作者以为在做梦。故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段 I also had got back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn't be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.可知，我意识到只要人们愿意互相帮助，这个城市就不会是个坏地方。因此推测作者可能会继续留在旧金山。故选B。‎ B During the high school career, students may begin to question the importance of a college education. They might find themselves asking, “Why is it important to go to college?” The answer is that, more than ever, college graduates enjoy much greater opportunities available to them than those who have not received a college education.‎ For many high school students, being able to immediately generate an income after graduation is an appealing thought. They may also be affected by the rising cost of tuition, and while it is true that a ‎ higher education may be one of the largest expenses you will ever face, the importance of a college education has become quite evident in terms of earning potential within today’s economy.‎ Why should you go to college? One important answer to this question is more opportunity. As opposed to generations of the past, high school graduates today are unable to obtain high-paying jobs that were once available. The U.S. has been transformed from a manufacturing-based economy to an economy based on knowledge, and the importance of a college education today can be compared to that of a high school education forty years ago. It serves as the gateway to better options and more opportunity.‎ There are additional reasons as to why it is important to go to college. When students experience a post secondary education they have the opportunity to read books and listen to the lectures of top experts in their fields. This encourages students to think, ask questions, and explore new ideas, which allows for additional growth and development and provides college graduates with more opportunities in the job market over those who have not experienced a higher education.‎ The importance of a college education is also stressed because of the opportunity to gain valuable resources during the study. The more connections which are collected during your college career, the more options you will have when you begin your job search. Once you have ended your job search and have started your career, however, the importance of a college education has not been exhausted. Having a college degree often provides for greater promotion opportunity.‎ So, why should you go to college? The reasoning does not begin and end with the job aspect. A good education is beneficial from many different viewpoints, and though the importance of a college education is quite evident for many high school students, what is often not as clear is how they will pay for that education.‎ ‎46. Why do some high school graduates prefer working to college study?‎ A. To obtain high-paying jobs. B. To earn money at an early age.‎ C. To spend less money on tuition. D. To adapt to the knowledge-based society.‎ ‎47. The author most likely agrees with the idea that ____.‎ A. too much time is spent on lectures in college study B. high school education is a gateway to more opportunity C. college graduates gain more chances over others in job market D. a college degree guarantees promotion in American companies ‎48. What is most likely to be talked about in the paragraph after the last paragraph of the passage?‎ A. Refusing college education. B. Changing college education.‎ C. Receiving college education. D. Affording college education.‎ ‎49. What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Importance of college education. B. Education means opportunity.‎ C. Which is more important, job or education? D. How to survive in the college.‎ ‎50. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?‎ I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion A. B. ‎ C. D. ‎ ‎【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了有些高中毕业生为了早点挣钱喜欢工作而不是大学学习，事实上大学毕业生比没有接受过大学教育的人享有更多的机会。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中For many high school students, being able to immediately generate an ‎ income after graduation is an appealing thought.可知，对于许多高中生来说，能够在毕业后立即产生收入是一种很有吸引力的想法。因此有些高中毕业生喜欢工作而不是大学学习是为了早点挣钱。故选B项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中One important answer to this question is more opportunity. As opposed to generations of the past, high school graduates today are unable to obtain high-paying jobs that were once available.可知，这个问题的一个重要答案是更多的机会。与过去的几代人不同，今天的高中毕业生无法获得曾经可以得到的高薪工作。可推断作者很可能同意大学毕业生在就业市场获得比别人更多的机会。故选C项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good education is beneficial from many different viewpoints, and though the importance of a college education is quite evident for many high school students, what is often not as clear is how they will pay for that education.可知，从许多不同的观点来看，良好的教育是有益的，尽管大学教育的重要性对许多高中生来说是相当明显的，但他们通常不清楚的是他们将如何支付教育费用。可推断最有可能谈论的是提供大学教育。故选D项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第二段中…and while it is true that a higher education may be one of the largest expenses you will ever face, the importance of a college education has become quite evident in terms of earning potential within today’s economy. …可知，虽然高等教育可能是你所面临的最大开支之一，但从当今经济的收入潜力来看，大学教育的重要性已经变得相当明显。引出话题：大学教育的重要性；以及第三、四、五段中提到上大学的原因，可知，本文最佳标题是“大学教育的重要性”。故选A项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文，文章首先总起描述现象以及读大学的好处，然后分别介绍不读大学的原因和读大学的原因，其中优点分三点介绍；最后总结。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】第4小题考查了主旨大意题。主旨大意题通常以概括中心大意、概括段落大意、选择标题等形式出现。标题具有醒目性、概括性和针对性的特点。 解答标题归纳有以下三种方法：1.正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；2.反面否定法：撇开原文，用各个备用选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文对照，一一排除不符选项；3.‎ 研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等。本题采用了正面肯定法。根据第二段中…and while it is true that a higher education may be one of the largest expenses you will ever face, the importance of a college education has become quite evident in terms of earning potential within today’s economy.引出话题：大学教育的重要性；再根据第三、四、五段中提到上大学的原因，可知，本文最佳标题是“大学教育的重要性”。故选A项。‎ C Some people say that friendship is the only channel through which human beings can ever experience the value of life. In our daily life it is likely that you share some common interests with others — they may like the same sport, go to the same school or like the same kind of music as you do. Since you often meet them, they become your acquaintances. Although some people develop many acquaintances, only a few become their good friends in their lifetime because there are differences between acquaintances and friends.‎ It is said that true friendship begins when someone knows what you are really like, but still likes you anyway. A true friend shows loyalty from the very beginning of the relationship. A friend will go through challenges to help you without expecting anything in return. A “friend” today may probably become a “true friend” tomorrow when they get involved in unexpected circumstances together with you — for example, when you are going through a difficult experience and your friend is there to help you out. However, some acquaintances might leave you when you badly need their help. At this time, you can experience what true friendship is.‎ In our life, some people seem to go through life with plenty of friends. They may be funny or they may have a bright and pleasant personality. For these people, wherever they go, people seem to like them and welcome their company. But when they go through challenging life experiences, some of their friends are not there to help them. Therefore we can say some of their friends are not real friends and their friendship is just skin-deep.‎ However, others seem to go through life with no friends at all. They like to be alone, to travel by themselves or to do their own things. It’s a pity that few of these people find success in life because they have no friends. They lack the best gift in life — friendship.‎ ‎51. According to the passage, which of the following statements about acquaintances is TRUE?‎ A. They have all of the same interests as you do.‎ B. You seldom meet them in your life.‎ C. They are sure to become your good friends.‎ D. Not all of them can become your friends.‎ ‎52. According to the passage you may get to know the meaning of friendship better when you ________.‎ A. go to the same school as your friend B. get into trouble C. enjoy the same kind of music as your friend D. see your friend often ‎53. We know from the passage that ________.‎ A. it doesn’t matter whether one has friends or not B. people with bright personality are easy to have friends C. people without friends are always unhappy D. it’s easier to lose a friend than to get one ‎54. What does the underlined word “skin-deep” in the third paragraph mean?‎ A. Very deep. B. Not deep at all.‎ C. As precious as skin. D. Hidden under the skin.‎ ‎55. What’s the writer’s attitude towards people without friends in their life?‎ A. Interested. B. Angry.‎ C. Hopeful. D. Regretful.‎ ‎【答案】51. D 52. B 53. B 54. B 55. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了友谊是人类体验人生价值的唯一途径。你可以在困难的经历中体验什么是真正的友谊，有些友谊是表面的，但是没有朋友的人是令人遗憾的。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Although some people develop many acquaintances, only a few become their good friends in their lifetime because there are differences between acquaintances and friends.可知， 虽然有些人发展了许多熟人，只有少数熟人能在他们的生活中成为他们的好朋友，因为熟人和朋友之间存在有差异。可知，不是所有的熟人都能成为你的朋友。故选D项。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中A “friend” today may probably become a “true friend” tomorrow when ‎ they get involved in unexpected circumstances together with you — for example, when you are going through a difficult experience and your friend is there to help you out. However, some acquaintances might leave you when you badly need their help. At this time, you can experience what true friendship is.可知，今天的“朋友”可能明天就会变成“真正的朋友”，因为他们会和你一起经历一些意想不到的事情——例如，当你正在经历一段困难的经历时，你的朋友会帮助你走出困境。然而，一些熟人可能会在你急需他们的帮助时离开你。在这个时候，你可以体验什么是真正的友谊。可知，当你陷入困境时，你可能会更了解友谊的意义。故选B项。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中In our life, some people seem to go through life with plenty of friends. They may be funny or they may have a bright and pleasant personality. 可知，在我们的生活中，有些人似乎一辈子都有很多朋友。他们可能是有趣的，或者他们可能有一个开朗和令人愉快的性格。可知，性格开朗的人很容易交到很多朋友。故选B项。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段中But when they go through challenging life experiences, some of their friends are not there to help them. Therefore we can say some of their friends are not real friends and their friendship is just skin-deep.可知，但当他们经历人生的挑战时，他们的一些朋友并没有帮助他们。因此，我们可以说他们的一些朋友不是真正的朋友，他们的友谊只是_______。根据描述有一些朋友没有帮助他们，不是真正的朋友，可推断他们的友谊只是表面的，因此划线词的意思为“表面的，肤浅的，轻微的”。故选B项。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中It’s a pity that few of these people find success in life because they have no friends. They lack the best gift in life — friendship. 可知，遗憾的是，这些人很少找到成功的生活，因为他们没有朋友。他们缺少生命中最好的礼物——友谊。可知，作者认为生活中有的人没有朋友是令人遗憾的。故选D项。‎ 第II卷 IV 单词填空 ‎56. Peter and Paul had got p______________ from their parents to camp in a field close to their farm.‎ ‎57. The girl could learn from the living examples to e____________ (建立) a sense of security.‎ ‎58. The accident left the boy s___________ (严重地) brain-damaged and almost totally relied on others.‎ ‎59. Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment, and the m__________ (大多数) of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.‎ ‎60. He never a_________ (采纳) others’ advice so that he always makes mistakes.‎ ‎61. Don’t worry. I have already arranged the t_____________ from the airport to your hotel. The drive will give you a call when he arrives.‎ ‎62. They wanted to find out whether there was a doctor a___________(prep.) the ship.‎ ‎63. This small town is the country’s top mountain-hiking d______________.‎ ‎64. The government has taken some measures to prevent some factories from r____________ poisonous gases into the air ‎65. Too much screen time may d______________ (损坏) children’s eyesight.‎ ‎66. The students usually have lunch in the school c_______________ (学校食堂).‎ ‎67. S_______________ (可持续的) development is the common target of human beings.‎ ‎68. Don’t give up. Instead, you should always take a positive a_____________ towards your future.‎ ‎69. This holiday b_____________ (小册子) can give you all the information you need.‎ ‎70. I have no time to e____________ (参与) in gossip (闲话，流言), so please don’t come to me with your rumors and complaints.‎ ‎【答案】56. permission ‎ ‎57. establish ‎ ‎58. severely ‎ ‎59. majority ‎ ‎60. adopts 61. transfer ‎ ‎62. aboard 63. destination ‎ ‎64. releasing ‎ ‎65. damage 66. canteen ‎ ‎67. Sustainable ‎ ‎68. attitude ‎ ‎69. brochure ‎ ‎70. engage ‎【解析】‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：彼得和保罗已经得到父母的许可，可以在农场附近的一块地里露营。根据谓语动词had got可知此处要用名词作宾语，permission“允许”是不可数名词，以字母p开头，符合题意。故填permission。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：这个女孩可以从鲜活的例子中学习，建立一种安全感。根据a sense of security可知此处要用动词，establish“建立”，以字母e开头，符合题意。故填establish。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：事故造成男孩大脑严重损伤，几乎完全依赖他人。根据brain-damaged可知此处要用副词修饰，severely“严重地”符合题意。故填severely。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我们大多数人都意识到我们必须保护环境，我们大多数人都采取措施节约能源，减少浪费和污染。根据冠词the可知此处要用名词，majority“多数”符合题意，the majority of“大多数，……的大多数”。故填majority。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查动词和时态。句意：他从不接受别人的建议，所以他总是犯错误。根据so that he always makes mistakes可知时态为一般现在时，adopt“采纳”符合题意，且主语为He，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填adopts。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：别担心。我已经安排了从机场到你们酒店的转乘。他来的时候，司机会给你打电话的。根据from the airport to your hotel 可知此处要用动词，transfer“转移”，以字母t开头，符合题意，transfer from...to...“从……转移到……”。故填transfer。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：他们想查明船上是否有医生。根据the ship可知aboard“在（船或飞机）上”符合题意。故填aboard。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：这个小镇是全国顶级的登山目的地。根据mountain-hiking 可知此处要用名词，destination“目的地，终点”，以字母d开头，符合题意。故填destination。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：政府已经采取了一些措施来防止一些工厂向空气中排放有毒气体。根据prevent some factories from 可知此处要用V-ing形式，且由poisonous gases 可知release“释放”，以字母r开头，符合题意。故填releasing。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：过多的看屏幕时间可能会损害孩子的视力。根据情态动词may可知此处要用动词原形，damage“破坏”符合题意。故填damage。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：学生们通常在学校食堂吃午饭。根据have lunch 可知此处要用名词，canteen“学校食堂”符合题意。故填canteen。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：可持续发展是人类的共同目标。根据形容词修饰名词development 可知此处要用形容词，sustainable“可持续的”符合题意。故填Sustainable。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：不要放弃。相反，你应该对你的未来保持积极的态度。根据positive形容词修饰名词可知此处要用名词，attitude“态度，看法”，以字母a开头，符合题意。故填attitude。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：这本度假手册可以给你所有你需要的信息。根据can give you all the information you need 可知此处要用名词brochure“小册子”符合题意。故填brochure。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：我没有时间参与八卦，所以请不要带着你的谣言和抱怨来找我。固定短语engage in“从事于，忙于”。故填engage。‎ ‎【点睛】第1小题考查了名词在句中作宾语的用法。英语名词在句中的句法功能如下： ‎ ‎1.作主语 ‎ This book is very useful. 这本书很有用 ‎2.作表语 ‎ My brother is a worker. 我弟弟是个工人。‎ She is a writer. 她是个作家。‎ ‎3.作宾语或宾补 ‎ He finished his task on time. 他按时完成了他的任务。‎ ‎4.作定语 ‎ He got three gold medals at 23rd Olympic Games. 他在第二十三届奥运会上取得了三块金牌。‎ a golden medal 金色的奖牌（颜色，非材料） ‎ ‎6.作同位语 ‎ Mr.Smith, our leader, is speaking now. 史密斯先生，我们的领导，正在讲话。‎ V 短语填空 ‎71. It was considerate of you to _______________ the light while I was sleeping.‎ ‎72. She is not content with her present life and wishes to _____________ to improve it.‎ ‎73. She spoke English so well that I ______________________ a native British.‎ ‎74. If the printer should ______________ within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.‎ ‎75. To achieve their goal, they must ______________________ the project’s unique needs.‎ ‎76. To travel abroad, you need to _______________ a vise first.‎ ‎77. We should ___________ all our citizens to do their best to fight against pollution.‎ ‎78. _______________, I spend about five hours on physical exercise every week.‎ ‎79. She is deeply __________ your safety.‎ ‎80. She uses her photos to influence people, especially _____________ environmental issues.‎ ‎81. As we know, smoking _________________ many diseases.‎ ‎82. It seemed that he took your bag ________________. The two bags looked so much alike.‎ ‎83. ______________ the dog, the little girl hid behind the tree.‎ ‎84. My mother _____________ our family and we all love her so much.‎ ‎85. They have launched the campaign to make people ____________ the danger of drunk driving.‎ ‎【答案】71. turn off ‎ ‎72. take steps ‎ ‎73. mistook her for ‎ ‎74. break down ‎ ‎75. take into account ‎ ‎76. apply for ‎ ‎77. call on ‎ ‎78. On average ‎ ‎79. concerned about ‎ ‎80. when it comes to ‎ ‎81. contributes to ‎ ‎82. by mistake ‎ ‎83. Scared of ‎ ‎84. is devoted to ‎ ‎85. aware of ‎【解析】‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：我睡觉的时候你把灯关掉了，你真体贴。根据the light 可知turn off“关掉，关闭”符合题意。故填turn off。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：她对目前的生活不满意，希望采取措施改善它。根据to improve it可知take steps“采取措施”符合题意。故填take steps。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 考查动词和时态。句意：她英语说得那么好，我误以为她是英国人。根据spoke 可知时态为一般过去时，因此要用动词的过去式，且由a native British 可知mistake sb. for“误解某人”符合题意。故填mistook her for。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这台打印机在一年内坏了，我们将自费修理。根据主句would repair可知此句是if虚拟句，此处表示与将来事实相反的假设，因此从句谓语动词为（should）+动词原形，break down“损坏，出故障”符合题意。故填break down。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：为了实现他们的目标，他们必须考虑到项目的独特需求。根据句中must可知此处要用动词原形，且由the project’s unique needs 可知take into account ‎“考虑”符合题意。故填take into account。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：要出国旅行，你得先申请签证。根据need to 可知此处要用动词原形，且由a vise 可知apply for“申请”符合题意。故填apply for。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：我们应该号召全体公民尽最大努力与污染作斗争。根据情态动词should可知此处要用动词原形，且由all our citizens 可知call on“号召”符合题意。故填call on。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：我平均每周花5个小时进行体育锻炼。此处要用副词修饰句子，on average“平均”符合题意。故填On average。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：她非常关心你的安全。短语be concerned about“关心，担忧”是固定搭配，符合题意。故填concerned about。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 考查固定句式。句意：她用她的照片来影响人们，尤其是在环境问题上。根据especially 可知when it comes to“当提到，涉及，就……而论”符合题意。故填when it comes to。‎ ‎【81题详解】‎ 考查动词和时态。句意：众所周知，吸烟会导致许多疾病。根据know可知时态为一般现在时，且由many diseases可知contributes to“有助于，导致，促成”符合题意。故填contributes to。‎ ‎【82题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：好像拿错了你的包。这两个包看起来太像了。根据took 可知此处要用副词修饰动词，by mistake“错误地”符合题意。故填by mistake。‎ ‎【83题详解】‎ 考查短语和省略句。句意：小女孩害怕狗，躲在树后。短语be scared of“害怕，对……恐惧”，此处的逻辑主语与主句主语the little girl一致，因此可省略主语和be动词。故填Scared of。‎ ‎【84题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：我的母亲对我们的家庭很忠诚，我们都很爱她。短语be devoted to“专心于/致力于……”，根据主语是My mother，且由句中love可知时态是一般现在时。故填is devoted to。‎ ‎【85题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：他们发起了一项运动，让人们意识到酒后驾车的危险。根据可知make people此处要用动词原形，且由the danger of drunk driving可知 aware of“意识到，知道”符合题意。故填aware of。‎ ‎【点睛】第4小题考查了if对将来事实相反的假设。if在虚拟语气三种情况：(1)对过去事实相反：从句had done，主句would/could/might+have done (2)对现在事实相反：从句did /were，主句would/could/might+do (3)对将来事实相反：从句should do/were to do/did，主句would/could/might+do。第4小题由主句谓语动词would repair可知此句是if虚拟句，且主句表示与将来事实相反的假设，因此从句谓语动词为（should）+动词原形，should可省略，故填break down。‎