高考英语一轮总复习Unit2Theenvironment同步练习牛津译林版必修5 2

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高考英语一轮总复习Unit2Theenvironment同步练习牛津译林版必修5 2

Unit 2 The environment 对应学生用书p78‎ 项目 内 容 核心单词 单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)‎ ‎1.EverycityinChinaisdoingitsbesttotake       (措施) tofightagainstpollution.‎ ‎2.ItisknownthattheBritisharerather       (讲究的) abouttablemanners.‎ ‎3.Itisbelievedthatsocialprogressisnormallyamatterofstrugglesand       (冲突).‎ ‎4.Nonrenewableenergyhasbeen       (减少),sosavingenergyistrulyurgentandimportant.‎ ‎5.Ifwe       (回收利用) morewaste,therewouldn'tbesomuchpollution.‎ ‎6.Theconsensusamongtheworld'sscientistsisthattheworldislikelytowarmupoverthenextfewd      .‎ ‎7.Besidesthesetraditionalactivities,wehaveawiderr      ofchoicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.‎ ‎8.Iq      fortwohourstogetatickettoseethefootballgame.‎ ‎9.Theb      thatoneshouldworkhardisrootedinourculture.‎ ‎10.Theheavyrainhascausedf      inmanypartsoftheprovinceanddonealotofdamage.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.measures 2.particular 3.conflicts 4.decreasing 5.recycled 6.decades 7.range 8.queued 9.belief 10.floods 词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ 21‎ ‎1.The      whichis      onhisfarmisextremelypopularwithvillagers,andthe      isincreasingyearbyyear.(produce)‎ ‎2.Acitizenshouldbefilledwithasenseof      forhisnation.Thatistosay,heshouldbe      forwhathedoes.(responsible)‎ ‎3.Goodnatural      isvitaltous.Weshouldn'tsacrifice      protectiontopromoteeconomicgrowth.(environment)‎ ‎4.Alift      wasillandafamoussurgeon      onheratonce.Shortlyafterthe      ,thepatientpickedup.(operate)‎ ‎5.Hangzhouissuchan      citythatitoftenmakesastrong      onvisitorsanditssightsneverfailto      foreigntourists.(impress)‎ ‎6.Themanseizedmuchland      .Despitehis      act,fewpeoplethoughtbadlyofhim.Somepeopleconsideredittobe      bymistake.(legal)‎ ‎7.Iwould      itverymuchifyoucangivemeahandagain.Meanwhile,Iwanttoexpressmy      toyouforyourhelpingmebefore.(appreciate)‎ ‎8.Asisknowntoall,an      bikewon'tgowithout      .(electrical)‎ ‎9.Expertsadvise      nottobuymoregroceriesuntilthey'vealreadybeen      .Thisiscalledrational(合理的)       .(consume)‎ ‎10.      inhiswriting,thewriteralwaysforgetstoeatanddrink.His      inworkisadmirable.(absorb)‎ ‎[答案]‎ 21‎ ‎1.product;produced;production 2.responsibility;responsible 3.environment;environmental 4.operator;operated;operation 5.impressive;impression;impress 6.illegally;illegal;legal 7.appreciate;appreciation ‎8.electric;electricity 9.consumers;consumed;consumption 10.Absorbed;absorption 重点短语,汉译英 ‎1.依赖……提供……       2.削减               3.挑出           ‎ ‎4.关于,就……而言    5.自由发言   6.耗尽   ‎ ‎7.在进行中   8.用尽   9.把……归咎于……   ‎ ‎10.关掉(开关)   11.逃避责任   12.四处打听   ‎ ‎13.尽自己的职责    14.乐意做……   15.尤其,特别   ‎ ‎16.为……感到羞愧   17.排放   18.打扫,清除干净   ‎ ‎19.有很长的路要走   20.将……置于危险境地   ‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.relyon...for... 2.cutbackon 3.pickout 4.in/withregardto 5.openthefloor 6.runout (of) ‎ ‎7.underway 8.useup 9.blame...on... 10.turnoff 11.hidefromresponsibilities 12.askaround ‎13.doone'spart 14.bewillingtodo... 15.inparticular 16.feelashamedof/about 17.letoff 18.cleanup ‎19.havealongwaytogo 20.put...indanger 句型操练·背诵与仿写,1.Whatifthey (rawmaterials) runout? (P25,E)‎ 仿写 如果我们的燃料用完了怎么办?‎ Whatifwe                      ?‎ ‎2.Itisourdutytotrytocutbackonproductionandreducethenumberofthingswemakeandbuy.(P22,L2122)‎ 仿写 那对年轻夫妇说他们有责任把那个三岁的孤儿抚养大。‎ 21‎ Theyoungcouplesaid                                    .‎ ‎3.Thereisnodoubtthattheworldclimatehasbeenchanginginrecentyears.(P39,L1)‎ 仿写 毫无疑问在洪水到来时解放军帮了我们大忙。‎ ‎         nodoubtthat                          .‎ ‎4.WestillhavealongwaytogotosolvealltheproblemsinregardtotheYangtzeRiver.(P38,L2122)‎ 仿写 要解决关于村民饮用水的安全问题,我们还有很长的路要走。‎ Westillhavealongwaytogo                                 .‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.runoutoffuel ‎2.(that) itwastheirdutytobringupthethreeyearoldorphan ‎3.Therewas;thePLAmengaveusgreathelpuponthearrivaloftheflood/whenthefloodcame/arrived ‎4.tosolvetheprobleminregardtothesecurityofthevillagers'drinkingwater 对应学生用书p79‎ ‎☆重点单词☆‎ ‎1.range(ranges/ranged/ranged/ranging)‎ n.范围;一系列;山脉 vi.&vt.排列,排序;(在一定范围内) 变动,变化;徘徊,漫步 Thereisafullrangeofactivitiesforchildren.‎ 这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。‎ Thedelegatesrangedthemselvesaroundthetable.‎ 代表们依次在桌子周围就座。‎ 21‎ Theroomratesatthehotelrangefrom$10to$30perday.‎ 那家宾馆的房间价格每天从10美元到30美元不等。‎ 温馨提示:‎ arrange,arrangement都是以range为词根 必记搭配:‎ rangefrom...to在……范围内变化 rangebetween...and...在……范围内变化 rangeover范围涉及到……‎ within/intherangeof在……范围内;在……射程内 beyond/outoftherangeof...超过……的范围 ‎2.absorb(absorbs/absorbed/absorbed/absorbing)‎ vt.吸收;汲取,理解(知识等);使全神贯注 Ihaven'treallyhadtimetoabsorbeverythingthathesaid.‎ 事实上我还没有时间弄懂他说的一切。‎ Judithlayonthesofa, absorbedinherbook .‎ 朱蒂斯躺在长沙发上,专心致志地看她的书。‎ Thevideowastotallyabsorbingthechildren'sattention.‎ 录像完全吸引了孩子们的注意力。‎ 同/近义词:‎ takein/understand 温馨提示:‎ absorb做动词,后面接宾语;beabsorbedin表示状态,意思为“专心致志于……”,相当于belostin/bedevotedto。‎ 必记搭配:‎ absorbone'sattention吸引某人注意力 beabsorbedin...被……吸引住,全神贯注、专心致志于……‎ beabsorbedby…被……吞并,为……所吸收 ‎3.appreciate(appreciates/appreciated/appreciated/appreciating)‎ vt.欣赏,赏识;感激;领会,领略 Herabilitiesarenotfullyappreciatedbyheremployer.‎ 21‎ 她的才干尚未得到雇主的充分赏识。‎ Iwouldappreciateitifyoupaidincash.‎ 假如你支付现金的话,我将不胜感激。‎ Idon'tappreciate beingtreated likeasecondclasscitizen.‎ 我不愿被人当作二等公民。‎ Wewouldappreciateyoulettingusknowofanyproblems.‎ 如有任何问题,请告诉我们。‎ 温馨提示:‎ appreciate后常跟名词或ving分词,接ving分词时,可以有自己的逻辑主语;也可用于被动语态,但不能用于进行时态。‎ appreciationn.欣赏;感激;体谅 必记搭配:‎ appreciate(one's) doingsth.感激某人做……‎ appreciatesb.赏识某人 Iwouldappreciateitif如果……我将不胜感激 inappreciationof为了感谢……‎ 完成句子:‎ ‎①I             ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.‎ 如果你能提前让我知道你是否会来我将感激不尽。‎ ‎②Whenyoulookpeopleintheeye,theyfeelyou             .‎ 当你看着人们的眼睛时,他们觉得你欣赏他们说的话。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空:‎ ‎③Thecourseaimstodevelopthechildren’s      (appreciate) ofChineseandforeignclassicalmusic.‎ 同义句转换:‎ ‎④Iwouldappreciateyourcallingbackthisafternoon.(同义句转换)‎ ‎=Iwould                 youcouldcallbackthisafternoon.‎ 如果今天下午你能打电话来我将会非常感激。‎ 21‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎①wouldappreciateit ②appreciatewhattheyaresaying ‎③appreciation。句意:本课程旨在培养儿童对中外古典音乐的欣赏能力。此处children’s是名词所有格形式,后面跟名词形式,故答案为appreciation。‎ ‎④appreciateitif ‎4.impress(impresses/impressed/impressed/impressing)‎ vt.印,盖印;留下印象 I wasveryimpressedby hisperformances.‎ 他的表演给我留下了深刻的印象。‎ Heimpressedthedesignonthecloth.‎ 他把图案压印在布上。‎ Myfatherimpressedonmethevalueofhardwork.‎ 我父亲让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值。‎ 同/近义词:‎ affect/move/print 温馨提示:‎ impress常用作及物动词,只跟简单宾语。‎ impressive给人深刻印象的,感人的 impressionn.印象 必记搭配:‎ impresssb.withsth.给某人深刻印象 beimpressedby/with被深深打动(感动)‎ impresssth.on/uponsb.使某人铭记……,使某人印象深刻 impresssth.in/onone'smemory/mind某事深深印在脑海里 make/leave/createanimpressiononsb.给……留下印象 givesb.animpression给……留下印象 单句语法填空:‎ ‎①Oneofthemost      (impress) performanceswasgivenbyagroupofblindfemaleperformers.‎ 21‎ ‎②I’llneverforgetthedaysthatIspentinmyjuniorschool,whichleftadeep      (impress) onme.‎ ‎③Usingpropermannerswillhelpyoucreateagoodimpression      yourbossandcoworkers.‎ ‎④Evenso,sheimpressedtheworld      hercourageandstrongdesiretosucceed.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎①impressive。考查词性转换。句意:最令人印象深刻的表演之一是由一群盲人女演员表演的。‎ ‎②impression。考查名词。句意:我永远不会忘记我在初中的日子,它给我留下了深刻的印象。根据上文a可知应填名词impression。‎ ‎③on/upon ④with ‎5.credit n.信用;荣誉;学分;赞扬;称赞;认可 Theystoleeverythinginmypurse,includingmycreditcard.‎ 他们偷走了我钱包里的所有东西,包括信用卡。‎ Itisgreatlytoyourcreditthatyouhaveovercomesuchdifficulties.‎ 非常值得赞扬的是,你已经克服了这样的困难。‎ 同义词:‎ praise/honor 必记搭配:‎ deservecreditfor因……值得表扬 givesb.creditforsth.因……而赞扬某人 claimcreditforsth.为……邀功 docredittosb./sth.为……争光(带来荣耀)‎ tosb.'scredit某人值得赞扬;在……的名义下 buysth.oncredit赊购某物 creditcard信用卡 ‎6.measure(measures/measured/measured/measuring)‎ vt.测量,计量;权衡 vi.量;有……长(或宽、高等)‎ 21‎ n.措施;量度,尺寸;程度 Wemeasuredthedistance.‎ 我们测量了距离。‎ Shemeasuredthestrangerwithhereyes.‎ 她用双眼打量着那个陌生人。‎ Thegovernmentwasurgedtotakemeasurestocombat(抑制) thespreadofAIDS.‎ 人们敦促政府采取措施以防止艾滋病的传播。‎ 同义词:‎ step/value 温馨提示:‎ measure做不及物动词时,不能用于被动语态和进行时。如:Thelakemeasures130×80kilometers.这个湖的面积为130千米×80千米。‎ 必记搭配:‎ takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做……(=takesteps/actiontodosth.)‎ make...toone'smeasure按某人尺寸定做……‎ insomemeasure在某种程度上 ingreat/largemeasure在很大程度上 写出句中measure的含义:‎ ‎①It'shightimetheytookmeasurestoreducethecostofproduction.      ‎ ‎②ThecityofRomehasjustpassedanewlawtopreventcrueltytoanimals,whichmanypeoplesaycanmeasurethecivilizationofacity.      ‎ ‎③Eachofitsearsmeasuredapproximately11.5incheslong.      ‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎①措施 ②判定 ③量度为 ‎【运用提升】‎ Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。‎ ‎1.Treesareimportantinthattheyprotectsoil,regulatewaterand      (absorb/entertain/attract) carbondioxide.‎ ‎2.Wecanprovidebooksinawide      (division/area/range)‎ 21‎ ‎ oflanguagesbesidesEnglish.‎ ‎3.      (Tohissorrow/Tohisdisappointment/Tohiscredit),Nathangavebacktheenormousamountofmoneyhefound.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.absorb。句意:树木很重要,因为它们保护土壤,调节水和吸收二氧化碳。absorb吸收;entertain娱乐;attract吸引。‎ ‎2.range。division分离,隔离;area地区;range一系列。awiderangeof意为“各种各样的”。句意:我们除了提供英文书籍,还可以提供其他各种语言的书籍。‎ ‎3.Tohiscredit。考查词组辨析。tohissorrow使他难过的是;tohisdisappointment使他失望的是;tohiscredit值得赞扬的是。句意:值得赞扬的是,Nathan归还了他发现的巨款。‎ Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.Afullygrownbluewhale      (measure) 110feetinheightand      (weigh) severaltons.‎ ‎2.Whentheteacherenteredtheclassroom,shefoundthepupilswereabsorbed      theirMathsexercises.‎ ‎3.Ourparentsandteachersoftenimpresstheimportanceofstudyinghard      us.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.measures;weighs。此处measure和weigh为系动词。measure“有……长;量度为”;weigh“有……重”。句意:一条成年蓝鲸的长度为110英尺,重有几吨。‎ ‎2.in。句意:当老师走进教室,她发现学生们正在全神贯注地做数学作业。beabsorbedin“全神贯注于……”是常用短语。‎ ‎3.on/upon。考查固定词组。impresssth.on/uponsb.某事给某人留下深刻印象;使某人铭记……。句意:我们的家长和老师经常让我们铭记努力学习的重要性。‎ Ⅲ.完成句子。‎ ‎1.Thereis          careeropportunitieswhichareopentoyoungpeople.(range)‎ 年轻人有很多就业机会。‎ ‎2.Theidea          ‎ 21‎ theimportanceofnatureuponchildrenearlyinlife.(impress)‎ 这个想法是为了让儿童在人生的早期便了解自然的重要性。‎ ‎3.      arebeing      to        inthecity.(measure)‎ 正在采取措施减少该城市中的犯罪。‎ ‎4.We        hersafety,forthisisthefirsttimeforhertoleavehomealone.‎ 我们都担心她的安全,因为这是她第一次单独离开家。‎ ‎5.I'd           youcangivemesomeadvice         improvemywrittenEnglish.(appreciate)‎ 如果你能就如何提高我的书面英语提些建议,我将不胜感激。‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.awiderangeof。awiderangeof各种各样的,后加可数名词的复数形式。‎ ‎2.istoimpress ‎3.Measures;taken;reducecrime ‎4.areallconcernedabout。beconcernedabout对……担心。‎ ‎5.appreciateitif;onhowto ‎☆核心短语☆‎ ‎1.找出,挑选      pick out ‎ Haveyoupickedoutthemovieyouwanttosee?‎ 你找出你想看的电影了吗?‎ 爆发;突然发生      break out 指出,指明  point out 执行,贯彻  carry out 坚持,维持  hold out 理解,弄明白  figure out 用完;耗尽  run out 结果是,原来是  turn out 散发,分发,用完  give out ‎(灯、火)熄灭  go out ‎2.缩减,裁减     cutback on/upon ‎ 21‎ Manyschoolsarecuttingbackon/uponstaffatthemoment.‎ 目前许多学校在裁员。‎ 砍倒;削减         cut down ‎ 插嘴;超车 cut in ‎ 少讲点,说得简短些 cutit short ‎ 切断(电话、电源、供应等) cut off ‎ 切碎 cut up ‎ ‎3.尽自己的职责      doone's part ‎ Thepresidentaskedeverycitizentodohispartinfightinginflation.‎ 总统要求每位公民尽自己的职责抵制通货膨胀。‎ 参加;参与(某事物)     take partin 在……中起作用play a part/role in ‎ 扮演……角色play the part/role of ‎ ‎4.在进行中      under way Amurdererhasescapedfromprison,soanationwidesearchforhimisunderway.‎ 一个杀人犯越狱了,全国范围内的搜捕活动正在展开。‎ 在治疗中    undermedical treatment ‎ 在施工中 under construction ‎ 在讨论中 under discussion ‎ 在维修中 under repair ‎ 在控制下 under control ‎ 在考虑中 under consideration ‎ 在辩论中 under debate ‎ 思考:你能写出至少5个含way的短语吗?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ alltheway自始至终;be/standinone'sway妨碍某人,阻挠某人;bytheway顺便一说,‎ 21‎ 附带说说;bywayof经由,经过;smooth/pavethewayforsth.为……铺平道路;feelone'sway谨慎小心地进行;findthe/one'swayto设法赶到/进入;havealongwaytogo有很长的路要走 ‎【运用提升】‎ Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。‎ ‎1.Itiseasyto      (carryout/pickout/giveout) mycarfromothersintheparkingplace;ithasanadvertisementaboutPanasonicTVonthebackofit.‎ ‎2.Withpricesrising,manyfamilieshave      (cutbackon/cutoff/cutup) spendingonfoodinthelastthreemonths.‎ ‎3.Iagreewiththeviewthatnotonlygovernmentbuteverysinglecitizenshoulddoone's      (part/value/credit) tosolvetheproblem.‎ ‎4.—Haveyou      (runout/runoutof) yourpocketmoney?‎ ‎—Yes,Iamborrowingsomemoneyfrommybestfriendatthemoment.‎ ‎5.InordertoadvancethedevelopmentofYancheng,thecitygovernmenttriestobeautifyitassoonaspossible.Severalnewspecialprojectsare      (underway/underrepair).‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.pickout。句意:在停车场认出我的车很容易,它的后部有一个松下电视的广告。pickout认出,挑选出;carryout执行;giveout散发,分发。‎ ‎2.cutbackon。句意:随着物价上涨,许多家庭在过去三个月削减了食品开支。cutbackon削减,减少;cutoff切断,中断;cutup切碎。‎ ‎3.part。doone'spart尽自己的职责。其他无此搭配。‎ ‎4.runoutof。“用光,花光”。常见表述:sb.runsoutofsth./sth.isrunningout/sth.hasrunout。‎ ‎5.underway。考查词组辨析。underway在进行中;underrepair正在修缮。句意是:为了促进盐城的发展,市政府想尽快美化它,几个特殊的新工程正在进行。‎ Ⅱ.根据句意,从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。‎ cutdown;breakout;takepartin;pickout;runout;‎ letoff;underway;relyon;inparticular;in/withregardto ‎1.Oldtrainswould      alotofharmfulgaseswhenrunning.‎ 21‎ ‎2.Preparationsforthecomingsportsmeetingarewell     .‎ ‎3.Don't      himtodoanything.He'sjustatalker.‎ ‎4.Weareconstantlybeingremindedto      ourfatintake.‎ ‎5.HehappenedtobeinEnglandwhenthewar      .‎ ‎6.Iregrettotellyouthatyoucan't      thegame.‎ ‎7.Hisstatementreferstopeopleingeneral,nottoanyone      .‎ ‎8.Ifthecash      ,yourshoppingtimeisoverfortheday.‎ ‎9.I’mgoingto      afewbookstosendtosomefriendsinAmerica.‎ ‎10.Therearesomelaws      humanrightsinthecountry.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.letoff。句意:旧火车在运行时会排放很多有害气体。letoff放出、排放,结合句意,故填letoff。‎ ‎2.underway 3.relyon ‎4.cutdown。句意:我们经常被提醒要减少脂肪的摄入量。根据“ourfatintake”可知此处表示“减少、降低”,故填cutdown。‎ ‎5.brokeout 6.takepartin ‎7.inparticular。句意:他的发言是泛指一般情况,不是针对某一个人的。inparticular尤其、特别,结合句意,故填inparticular。‎ ‎8.runsout ‎9.pickout。句意:我要挑几本书寄给在美国的朋友。pickout表示“挑选出”,故填pickout。‎ ‎10.in/withregardto ‎☆关键句型及惯用法☆‎ ‎1.Thiswillresultinasmallernumberoffishleftforustoeatinthefuture.(P22,L1617)‎ 译:这将导致将来我们可食用的鱼的数量越来越少。‎ ‎[anumberof...]‎ anumberof...“大量的……”。由它引出的名词短语充当主语时,谓语用复数形式。‎ inhuge/largenumbers“大量地”“大批地”。在句子中充当状语。‎ Alargenumberofbookshavebeensenttotheearthquakestrickenareasrecently.‎ 21‎ 最近,大量的书籍已被送往地震灾区。‎ Inthe1840s,peoplemovedtothewestinhugenumbers.‎ 十九世纪四十年代,人们大量地涌向西部。‎ 完成句子:‎ ThankstothedigitalTV,wecannowpickup            .‎ 由于有了数字电视,现在我们可以接收到大量的电视频道。‎ ‎[答案]‎ alargenumberofTVchannels 思考:‎ ‎(1)哪些词可以用来表示“大量的”?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎(2)哪些量词短语去掉of可以充当状语?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎(3)thenumberof...和anumberof...有何不同?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎(1)修饰可数名词复数的量词短语有:a (large) numberof,(large) numbersof,allkindsof等;‎ 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有:alotof,lotsof,plentyof,a(large) quantityof,(large) quantitiesof,apileof,pilesof等;‎ 只能修饰不可数名词的短语有:agreatdealof,alargeamountof,largeamountsof等。‎ 另外:“aquantityof/quantitiesof+n.+谓语”以及“alargeamountof/largeamountsof+n.+谓语”,其中谓语的单复数形式分别与quantity和amount的单复数形式保持一致。‎ Alargequantityofairconditionershasbeensoldsincethesummercame.‎ HugequantitiesofoilwereshippedtoJapanlastyear.‎ ‎(2)下列表达方式可以直接在句子中充当状语:innumbers,inquantities,alot,agreatdeal等。‎ ‎(3)thenumberof...“……的数量”。由它引出的名词短语充当主语时,谓语用单数形式。‎ 21‎ Thenumberofbooksstoredinourlibraryhascometo100,000.我们图书馆的藏书已达10万册。‎ anumberof...“大量的……”。由它引出的名词短语充当主语时,谓语用复数形式。‎ AlargenumberofwhaleshavebeenkilledbytheseJapaneseships.这些日本捕捞船已经杀死了许多鲸鱼。‎ ‎2.Theworld'spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800.Thefigureisnowabout7billionpeople!(P22,L1920)‎ 译:目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长了六倍,这个数字现在是70亿!‎ ‎(1)[population的句型]‎ population的句型小结如下:‎ Thepopulationof...islarge/small.(注意:不用many/few,且谓语动词用单数);‎ ‎80%ofthepopulationherearefarmers.(注意:这里population为集合名词,表示“居民”,谓语用复数);‎ What'sthepopulationof...(注意:不用Howmany/Howmuch提问);‎ ‎...withapopulationof...介词短语,“拥有……人口”;‎ hasapopulationof...动词短语,“拥有……人口”‎ 英语中倍数的表达方式:‎ A.“...times+形容词/副词的比较级+than...”‎ B.“...times+as+形容词/副词的原级+as...”‎ C.“...times+the+名词(如:size,height,weight,length,width等)+of...”‎ D.“...times+more+名词+than...”‎ E.“...times+asmany (或much)+名词+as...”‎ F.“...times+what从句”‎ 例如:‎ LineABisthreetimeslongerthanLineCD.=LineABisfourtimesaslongasLineCD.‎ 线段AB比(线段) CD长三倍。‎ Thistableisthreetimesaslongasthatone.‎ 这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长。‎ Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.‎ 21‎ 地球的体积是月球的49倍。‎ Heearnsfivetimesmoremoneythanhedidtenyearsago.他现在挣的钱比十年前挣的多五倍。‎ We'veproducedtwiceasmuchcottonthisyearas(wedid) tenyearsago.‎ 今年我们生产的棉花比十年前多了一倍。(汉语中的多一倍实际上指两倍一样多。)‎ Thelengthoftheroadisfourtimeswhatitwasthreeyearsago.‎ 这条路的长度是三年前的四倍。‎ 选择填空:‎ ‎①Ilikethissweaterbetterthanthatone,butitcost      (threetimesasmuch/threetimesasmany).‎ ‎②Thatcompanypaysmethreetimes      (than/what) IearnedandhopesthatIwillgotheretowork.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎①threetimesasmuch。句尾省略了asthatone。根据倍数表达法,且钱为不可数名词,可知应填threetimesasmuch。‎ ‎②what。倍数表达方式“...times+what从句”,故填what。‎ 思考:常用的倍数的表达方式还有哪些?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ 倍数还可以用以下方式表达:‎ ‎1)“...times+up/on/over...”;‎ ‎2)“...+by+...times”;‎ ‎3)“...times+comparedwith+被比较对象”;‎ ‎4)“...times+thatof+被比较对象”。‎ Thesizeofthesunisamilliontimesoverthatoftheearth.太阳的体积比地球的体积大一百万倍。‎ Comparedwithlastyear,ourcoaloutputhasincreasedbythreetimes.与去年相比,我们的煤产量增长了3倍。‎ Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolhasincreasedfourtimescomparedwith1980.‎ 21‎ 我们学校的学生人数比1980年增加了3倍。‎ InthisworkshoptheoutputofJulywas3.5timesthatofJanuary.这个车间七月份的产量是元月份的3.5倍。‎ ‎3.MsLinsuggestedweshouldcutbackonthequantityofthingsweproduceinordertosavetheenvironment.(P23,L4041)‎ 译:林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们所生产的东西的数量。‎ ‎[suggest后接从句的用法]‎ 与suggest (建议)相关的从句用“(should)+动词原形”的形式充当谓语。‎ 例如:‎ Isuggestthathe(should) notspendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.‎ 我建议他不要花太多时间玩电游。‎ Mysuggestionthathe(should) notspendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergameshasbeenaccepted.‎ 我建议他不要花太多时间玩电游,他接受了。‎ Itissuggestedthathe (should) besenttotheruralareastogainexperienceofmanagingafarm.有人建议把他送到农村地区去获取经营农场的经验。‎ Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should) waitforanothertwodays.他的建议是,我们再等两天。‎ 中译英:‎ ‎      thatwe (should) setupareadingclub.‎ 有人建议我们成立一个读书俱乐部。‎ ‎[答案]‎ Itissuggested 思考:‎ a.suggest除了表示“建议”外,还有什么用法?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ b.像suggest这样有双重用法的词,在高中英语中还有哪个?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 21‎ c.英语中表示“建议”“命令”“要求”“提议”的词有哪些?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ a.suggest还可表示“显示”“说明”“暗示”。这时其用法与普通动词用法一致。‎ 例如:Whathesaidsuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourhomework.‎ 他的话说明他对我们的家庭作业(的完成情况)很满意。‎ b.insist也有两个词义,一是表示“坚持要求……”;一是表示“坚持认为(某一事实)”,这里其后的宾语从句不用(should)+动词原形的形式。‎ 例如:Heinsistedthathehadn'ttakenyourbook.他坚持认为他没有拿你的书。‎ c.英语中常见的表示“建议”“命令”“要求”“提议”的词有:suggest/suggestion,advise/advice,order,insist,propose/proposal,recommend/recommendation,require/requirement,demand,request等。‎ ‎【运用提升】‎ 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.Comparedtolastyear,      numberofstudentsstudyingabroadhasincreasedby20%thisyear.‎ ‎2.Thepopulationofthiscityislargerthan      ofNewYork.‎ ‎3.Theresultsofthemedicalcheckupsuggestedthatmyfather      (be) inpoorhealth,sothedoctorsuggestedthathe      (give) upsmokingandtakemoreexercise.‎ ‎4.Thisriveristhreetimesthe      (deep) ofthatone.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.the。句意:和去年相比,今年出国留学的学生人数增长了20%。短语thenumberof“……的数目”谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎2.that。考查比较级中that用法。当比较级than后面内容与前文重复时,可以用that代替相同内容。‎ ‎3.was; (should) give。考查固定结构。suggest当“暗示,表明”讲时,后面宾语从句用陈述语气;当“建议”讲时,用(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气。句意:医疗检查的结果表明我的父亲健康状况很差,所以医生建议他应该戒烟,多锻炼。第一个suggest当“表明”讲,用陈述语气,用was;第二个suggest当“建议”讲,用should+giveup,should 21‎ 可省略。‎ ‎4.depth。考查倍数的表达方式。句意:这条河是那条河的三倍深。此处应运用“倍数+the+名词+of”结构。‎ 对应学生用书p83‎ Ⅰ.语法填空[黑体部分为本单元的单词或短语]‎ 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Conservationandenvironmentalhealthisthe1.      (responsible) ofeveryoneonthisplanet.Unfortunately,2.      (wealth) countriescontinuetoconsumemorenaturalresourcesthantheplanetcanprovide.Manyordinarypeopleblamegreedybusinessmenforenvironmentalpollution.Withtheexcuseoffuelingtheeconomy,big3.      (company) constructpipesanddrillsforoil.Thisharmsthesurroundingenvironmentand4.      (lead) tosomehugedisasters.‎ Butitisnotonlybigcompanies5.      mustanswerforthestateoftheenvironment.Ifyoudriveavehiclethatusespetrol,orbuygoods6.      (make) inaplant,youaredirectlyresponsibleforenvironmentalpollution.Inparticular,carsandfactoriesletoffpoisonouscarbonemissions.Theabundanceofcarbondioxideintheatmospherehasalreadyledtoclimatechange,7.      affectsalllivingthingsonearth—includinghumans.‎ Sowhatcanwedo?Moreandmorepeoplearetakingupthecall8.      (protect) theenvironment.Theireffortsinclude9.      (ask) bigbusinessesfirmlytoadoptlowcarbontechnologiesandsponsorthecleanupinareasthathavebeenpolluted.Ordinarypeoplecanalsodotheirpartbyrecycling,buyingless,andwalkingorridingabikeinsteadofdriving.Weshouldallkeepinmindthatnaturalresourcesareagiftfromtheearth,10.      doourbestnottousethemup.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.responsibility 2.wealthy 3.companies 4.leads ‎5.that 6.made 7.which 8.toprotect 9.asking 10.and 21‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1.Inthe       ,withthedevelopmentofeconomy,       hasbecomethehottopicof      .‎ 近几十年来,由于经济的发展,环境保护已成了人们讨论的热点话题。‎ ‎2.Therubbishweproducehasturnedintoabigproblem;it's              tothinkabout/consider             .‎ 我们制造的垃圾已变成了一个大问题;考虑回收垃圾(的问题)是每一个人的责任。‎ ‎3.Weshouldtakemoremeasuresto           thequantityofwaste,      thepollutedriversand           lettingoffpoisonousthings.‎ 我们应该采取更多的措施来减少垃圾的数量,清除被污染的河流,禁止工厂排放有毒物质。‎ ‎4.Afterall,ournaturalresourcesarelimited,sowearesupposedtotryto            ofthem.‎ 毕竟,我们的自然资源是有限的,所以我们应该努力减少对自然资源的消费。‎ ‎5.In      ,wemustadvocatethe       .‎ 尤其是我们必须提倡低碳生活。‎ ‎6.Inshort,everyoneofusoughtto         tomakecontributionsto         .‎ 总之,我们每个人都应该尽自己的职责为环境保护做贡献。‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.past/recent/lastdecades;environmentalprotection;people'sdebate ‎2.everyone'sresponsibility/duty;recyclingthegarbage ‎3.cutbackon;cleanup;forbidplantsfrom ‎4.decreasetheconsumption ‎5.particular;lowcarbonlife ‎6.doourpart;protectingtheenvironment 21‎
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