高考英语一轮总复习Unit2Language同步练习牛津译林版必修3 2

高考英语一轮总复习Unit2Language同步练习牛津译林版必修3 2

Unit 2　Language 对应学生用书p43‎ 项目 内　容 核心单词 单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)‎ ‎1.____________(如今) thecostofanewcarhasfalleninrealtermssothatitischeaperthanevertoownone.‎ ‎2.Today，theyounggenerationbelievesthatthecellphonesare____________(取代) theirwallets.‎ ‎3.Inanerawhenregionalcrisescanquicklybecomeglobalthreats，stoppingEbolaistheinterestofthe____________ (整个的) world.‎ ‎4.AlthoughLuXunParkisnotaverylargepark，ithasa____________(独特的) styleasasymbolofQingdao.‎ ‎5.Hismotherhadthoughtitwouldbegoodforhis____________(性格) togetawayfromhomeandearnsomemoneyonhisown.‎ ‎6.Idrewac____________frommyownexperiencesthatwherethereisawill，thereisaway.‎ ‎7.Sheisfullyo____________inlookingafterthreesmallchildren.‎ ‎8.Shehasbeenb____________fromleavingGreecewhiletheallegations(指控) areinvestigated.‎ ‎9.Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecand____________onefromtheother.‎ ‎10.R____________ourschool，I'mgladtotellyousomethingabouttheseactivities.‎ ‎[答案]‎ 21‎ ‎1.Nowadays　2.replacing　3.entire　4.unique　5.character　6.conclusion　7.occupied　8.banned　9.distinguish　10.Representing 词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1.Wecancometothe____________thatnothingissopreciousasfreedomintheworld.(conclude)‎ ‎2.Hewas____________tohearthattwoofhisessays____________agriculturecouldn'tbepublished.(concern)‎ ‎3.Mymost________________momentwastryingtointroduceawomanwhosenameIcouldn'trememberanditalsomadethewoman________________.(embarrass)‎ ‎4.Ifyouwanttolivea____________life，youneedto____________yourmind.(simple)‎ ‎5.EuropeanandAmericanscience____________withefficientandcheapChinesemanufacturingshouldbeapowerful____________.(combine)‎ ‎6.Myhouseis____________locatedjustofftheHighStreet.It's____________foryoutodropin.Pleasecomeatyour____________.(convenient)‎ ‎7.In1941，theJapanesearmy____________HongKong，whichbeganaperiodofthreeyearsandeightmonthsoftheJapanese____________.(occupy)‎ ‎8.WHOwelcomesChina's____________ofmobilelaboratorytowestAfricaagainstEbola，whichcan____________tofightingthedisease.(contribute)‎ ‎9.Weshouldlearntoputthetheoryinto____________andbe____________andrealisticallthetime.(practice)‎ ‎10.Likemanyskills，guitarplayingalsocomeswith____________techniqueswhich____________fromonepersontoanother.(differ)‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.conclusion　2.concerned；concerning　3.embarrassing；embarrassed　4.simple；simplify ‎5.combined；combination　6.conveniently；convenient；convenience　‎ 21‎ ‎7.occupied；occupation ‎8.contribution；contribute　9.practice；practical　10.different；differ 重点短语,汉译英 ‎1.和……不同__________________________　　　　　　　　　2.以……命名____________________________‎ ‎3.除……以外还有________________4.开始广泛应用____________________‎ ‎5.应该__________________6.作为整体，总体上__________________‎ ‎7.由……组成(构成)__________________8.导致__________________‎ ‎9.为……制定标准__________________10.取得对……的控制__________________‎ ‎11.禁止……，阻止……__________________12.由某人决定__________________‎ ‎13.最后，总之__________________14.因为，在于__________________‎ ‎15.代表__________________16.直截了当；言归正传__________________‎ ‎17.使某人勉为其难干某事__________________18.正视(某人)__________________‎ ‎19.上上下下__________________20.集中于，专心于__________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.differfrom/bedifferentfrom　2.nameafter　3.asidefrom/apartfrom　4.comeintowidespreaduse ‎5.oughtto　6.asawhole　7.bemadeupof/consistof/becomposedof　8.leadto/resultin ‎9.setastandardfor　10.takecontrolof　11.ban...from...　12.beuptosb.　13.inconclusion　14.inthat ‎15.standfor　16.gettothepoint　17.embarrasssb.intodoingsth.　18.looksb.intheeye　19.upanddown ‎20.concentrateon 句型操练·背诵与仿写,1.Itiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue，andpeoplewillkeepinventingnewwordsandnewwaysofsayingthings.(P23，L5658)‎ 仿写　他们一定会成功。‎ 21‎ ‎1)It______________________________.‎ ‎2)Theyare__________________________.‎ ‎3)Theywill__________________________.‎ ‎2.ThisisbecauseEnglishhasmanywordsandphrasesfromdifferentlanguages，butwithsimilarmeanings.(P22，L1920)‎ 仿写　当时他很生气，那是因为他写的那本书不受欢迎。‎ Atthattimehegotangry.That____________________________________________________.‎ ‎3.Somepeopleareoptimisticandbelievethatthisprocessisgood，whileothersworrythatitmayresultinlanguagepollution.(P29，B)‎ 仿写　他擅长理科，而他妹妹却喜欢政治和历史。‎ ‎____________________________，while____________________________________________.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.1)iscertainthattheywillsucceed ‎2)certaintosucceed ‎3)certainlysucceed ‎2.wasbecausethebookhewrotewasnotwellreceived ‎3.Heisgoodatscience；hissisterenjoyspoliticsandhistory 对应学生用书p44‎ ‎☆重点单词☆‎ ‎1.occupy(occupies/occupied/occupied/occupying)‎ vt.占据(时间，空间等)；占领；从事 Theenemysoonoccupiedthetown.‎ 敌人很快占领了这个城镇。‎ Readingoccupiesmostofmyfreetime.‎ 21‎ 阅读占去了我大部分空闲时间。‎ Heisoccupiedwithatranslationofanovel.‎ ‎＝Heoccupieshimselfwithatranslationofanovel.‎ ‎＝Heisoccupiedintranslatinganovel.‎ 他正忙于翻译一部小说。‎ 同/近义词：‎ takeup/fill/takepossessionof 21‎ 温馨提示：‎ occupy可以指占据，充满 (时间，空间，某人的头脑)，也可以指占有，占用(房屋，土地)，担任(职位)‎ occupationn.占有；占领；工作，职业 occupiedadj.(做表语)在使用中的；已占用的；不空闲的 unoccupiedadj.未被占用的；空着的 必记搭配：‎ occupyone'smind使头脑全神贯注 occupyoneselfindoingsth./withsth.忙于做某事 beoccupiedwithsth./(in) doingsth.忙于某事/做某事 keepsb.occupied使某人忙于……‎ 一句多译：‎ 她一整天忙于家务。‎ ‎①She________________houseworkallday.‎ ‎②She________________houseworkallday.‎ ‎③She________________doinghouseworkallday.‎ ‎④She________________doinghouseworkallday.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎①occupiedherselfwith　②wasoccupiedwith ‎③occupiedherselfin　④wasoccupiedin ‎2.raise(raises/raised/raised/raising)‎ vt.举起，提高；饲养；抚养；筹集；提出 Heraisedthegunandfired.‎ 他举枪射击。‎ Themotherraisedherchildallbyherselfwhenherhusbandworkedabroad.‎ 丈夫在国外工作期间，那位母亲独自抚养孩子。‎ Thepricesofmostgoodsinthesupermarkethavebeenraisedalittle.‎ 超市里大多数商品的价格都提高了一点点。‎ Themanraisedmoneybysellinghishousetopaybackthedebt.‎ 21‎ 那个男的卖掉了自己的房子来凑钱还债。‎ ‎【辨一辨】　raise/rise/arise raisevt.‎ 及物动词，有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义，意为“举起；提高；提出；饲养；养育；筹集；种植”。‎ risevi.‎ 不及物动词，说明主语自身移向较高位置，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、温度、物价等不受人为影响的自然上升。‎ arisevi.‎ 主语一般为抽象名词，意为“(现象，问题、困难等)出现，发生”。‎ 用raise，rise，arise的正确形式填空：‎ ‎①Heavymetalmusicreally____________inthelate1960s.‎ ‎②Withthesun____________intheeast，smoke____________fromthechimneysandeachfamilyiscookingbreakfast.‎ ‎③HethenurgedAmericangovernment____________taxesontherichlikehimself.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎①arose　②rising；isrising　③toraise ‎3.concern(concerns/concerned/concerned/concerning)‎ vt.使担忧；涉及，与……有关；牵涉到，影响 n.担心，担忧(不可数名词)；令人担心的事(可数名词)‎ Whathappenstheredirectlyconcernsus.‎ 那儿发生的一切和我们有直接关系。‎ Sheisalwaysconcerningherselfaboutwhatotherpeoplesay.‎ 她总是在意别人对她的评价。‎ Sheshowedagreatdealofconcernforherson'sillness.‎ 她非常担心她儿子的病情。‎ 同/近义词：‎ referto/relate/cometo 温馨提示：‎ concerned放在名词前表示“关心的”。concerning可用作介词，意为“关于”，相当于considering，asfor。‎ 21‎ 必记搭配：‎ concernabout/for/over担心某事 concernoneselfwith/aboutsth.忙于；关心 beconcernedabout为……担心 showconcernfor对……表示关心 asfaras...is/areconcerned就……来说，就……而论 beconcernedwith与……有关；涉及……‎ withconcern关切地 Theyareverymuchconcernedaboutthefutureoftheircountry.‎ 他们非常关心国家的前途。‎ ‎4.ban(bans/banned/banned/banning)‎ vt.禁止 n.禁令 PeoplearebannedfromsmokinginmanypublicplacesinEngland.‎ 英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。‎ Thereisaban__on__smokinginthemuseum.‎ 禁止在博物馆里吸烟。‎ Shouldfireworksandcrackersbebanned？‎ 是否应该禁止燃放烟花爆竹？‎ 同/近义词：‎ forbid/prohibit 必记搭配：‎ bansb.fromdoingsth.‎ ‎＝forbidsb.todosth./forbidsb.fromdoingsth.‎ ‎5.indicate(indicates/indicated/indicated/indicating)‎ vt.显示；暗示；表示；象征 Statisticsindicatethatourlivingstandardshaverisen.‎ 统计数字表明我们的生活水准已提高。‎ Asignpostindicatedtherightroadforus.‎ 一个路标为我们指明了正确的路。‎ 21‎ 同/近义词：‎ show/suggest/imply 温馨提示：‎ 在阅读理解题干中常出现此词。‎ 必记搭配：‎ indicate(＋thatclause) 表明……‎ ‎6.distinguish(distinguishes/distinguished/distinguished/distinguishing)‎ vt.区别，辨认；使具有某种特性 Icandistinguishmyroommatesbytheirfootsteps.‎ 我能根据室友的脚步声辨认出他们。‎ Speechesdistinguishhumanbeingsfromanimals.‎ 人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。‎ HedistinguishedhimselfbyhiswinningOscar.‎ 他因获得奥斯卡而受人注目。‎ 温馨提示：‎ distinguishableadj.可区别的，可辨别的 distinguishedadj.著名的，杰出的；有尊严的 必记搭配：‎ distinguishAfromB把A和B区分开 distinguishoneself表现突出 bedistinguishedfor因……而出名 ‎【运用提升】‎ Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词填空。‎ ‎1.Myfatherisinpoorhealth，whichhasbeenaconstantsourceof______________(attention/concern/tradition) forme.‎ ‎2.Shewasdistinguished____________(from/for/as) herscientificachievements.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.concern。考查名词词义辨析。attention注意；concern担忧；tradition传统。句意：我的父亲身体不好，这一直是我关心的问题。‎ ‎2.for 21‎ ‎。考查固定短语。bedistinguishedfor因……而出名。句意：她因其科学成就而闻名。‎ Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.“That’shim，”saidAnne，____________(indicate) aboyplayingfootballontheplayground.‎ ‎2.Johnsonwasbanned____________drivingfortwoyearsduetoaseriousaccidentcausedbydrunkdriving.‎ ‎3.—Howwasthejourney？‎ ‎—Tiring！Icaughtthetrainatthelastsecondbutbecausealltheseats____________(occupy)，Istoodalltheway.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.indicating。考查非谓语动词做状语。indicate“表明；显示；指出”。句意：“就是他。”安妮指着操场上踢足球的一个男生说。‎ ‎2.from。bansb.fromdoingsth.“禁止某人做某事”。句意：约翰森曾因酒驾引起严重的交通事故而被禁止开车两年。‎ ‎3.hadbeenoccupied。考查时态和语态。句意：——这次旅行怎么样？——太累了！我在最后一刻赶上了火车。但是由于所有的位置都有人坐了，我站了一路。根据句意可知，“我”上火车的时候已经坐满了。而“我”上火车使用了过去时，故本处应用过去完成时的被动语态。‎ Ⅲ.完成句子。‎ ‎1.Thetwinsweresomuchalikethatwehadgreattrouble____________________.(distinguish)‎ 这对双胞胎如此相像以至于我们很难将他们区分开来。‎ ‎2.TheweatherofBeijing__________________________.(differfrom)‎ 北京的天气不同于长沙的天气。‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.distinguishingonefromtheother ‎2.differsfrom/isdifferentfromthatofChangsha ‎☆核心短语☆‎ ‎1.集中于，专心于　　　　concentrate__on__‎ 21‎ Shewastoodisturbedtoconcentrateonherbook.‎ 她心烦意乱，根本无法专心读书。‎ 以……为基础　　　　__be__based__on 以……为食　__feed__on 聚焦于　__focus__on 依靠，依赖于　__depend__on 对……有影响　__have__an__effect__on 思考：介词on与动词搭配的短语还有不少，请你试试，再写出5个好吗？‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ 根据on的意义分类来记忆。on与动词搭配的语义规律：a.介词。表对象：对某人、某事/在某方面，如：relyon依靠 giveadviceon对……提出建议　spendtime/moneyon在……上花时间/金钱　wastetime/moneyon在……上浪费时间/金钱　agreeon (双方)就……达成一致 b.副词。意思是“继续”，如：goon继续　keepon继续　carryon继续/进行　workon继续工作　walkon继续前行　moveon向前移动　holdon别挂(电话)　insiston坚持 c.副词。意思是“上去；打开”，如：tryon试穿　haveon穿着 puton穿上；上演　geton上车；上去　turnon打开(……电源)　takeon呈现 ‎2.上上下下，前前后后　　　　up__and__down Abutterflyisflyingupanddownamongtheflowers.　‎ 有一只蝴蝶正在花丛里忽上忽下地飞着。‎ 到处，处处　　　　　　　__here__and__there__‎ 时而；不时；偶尔　__now__and__then__‎ ‎(前后)来回地，反复地　__back__and__forth__‎ 往返；来来回回　__to__and__from__‎ 来来往往　__come__and__go__‎ 四面八方　__right__and__left__‎ 忽隐忽现，时进时出　__in__and__out__‎ 21‎ 各种各样的东西　__this__and__that__‎ 黑白的，白纸黑字__black__and__white__‎ 思考：你发现上述短语的规律了吗？‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ and连接两个反义词，包括形容词、副词、代词、动词和介词。‎ ‎3.最后，总之　　　　　　　in__conclusion__‎ Inconclusion，I'dliketosaythankstoallofyoupresentatthemeeting.‎ 总之，我要感谢出席会议的所有人。‎ 换句话说　　　　in__other__words__‎ 简言之　in__brief__/__short__‎ 一般来说　in__general__‎ 详细地说　in__detail__‎ 总而言之；一言以蔽之　in__a__word__‎ 总的说来　as__a__whole 完成汉译英：‎ ‎①这本书详细地探讨了这个问题，并推荐了一些纠正的步骤。‎ Thebookdiscussesthisproblem____________________andsuggestsstepstocorrectit.‎ ‎②简言之，我们的工作是很重要的，它不仅仅是收入的来源，也是自尊及成就感的来源。‎ ‎______________，ourjobisveryimportant.Itisnotonlyasourceofincome，butalsoasourceofprideandachievement.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎①indetail　②Inbrief/short ‎4.开始广泛应用　　　comeintowidespread__use__‎ Plasticbagsdidn'tcomeintowidespreaduseuntiltheearly1980s.‎ 塑料袋直到二十世纪八十年代早期才开始广泛应用。‎ 21‎ 产生，形成　　　　comeinto__being__/__existence__‎ 开始流行　comeinto__fashion__‎ ‎(开始)掌权，执政　comeinto__power__/__office__‎ 开始生效　comeinto__effect__/__force__‎ 开始考虑　comeinto__consideration__‎ 映入眼帘　comeinto__sight__‎ ‎【运用提升】‎ Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。‎ ‎1.Thispolicyshouldbebased____________(for/with/on) economics，notpolitics.‎ ‎2.Thebabyisgenerallyhealthy，butevery____________(backandforth/nowandthen/hereandthere) shedoescatchacold.‎ ‎3.Learningforeignlanguagescallsforyourmemory，time，patienceandemotions.____________(Asaresult/Inconclusion/Ingeneral)，itisnotasimplething.‎ ‎4.Thenewlawwouldcomeinto____________(effect/use/service) onthedayitwaspassed.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.on。考查词组bebasedon...“以……为基础”。‎ ‎2.nowandthen。考查词组辨析：nowandthen“时而，不时”；backandforth“来回”；hereandthere“到处”。句意：那婴儿的健康状况尚好，但就是偶尔患感冒。‎ ‎3.Inconclusion。考查短语。inconclusion“总之”；asaresult“结果”；ingeneral“总的来说”。‎ ‎4.effect。考查短语：comeintoeffect“开始生效”。句意：新法律会在通过的那天开始生效。comeintouse“开始使用”；comeintoservice“开始服务”。‎ Ⅱ.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。‎ concentrateon；asidefrom；standfor；‎ replace...with...；consistof；leadto ‎1.Dokeepyoureyes____________theprizeandnevergiveup.‎ 21‎ ‎2.Someresearchersfoundthatsmartphoneusemay____________addiction，lonelinessanddepression.‎ ‎3.Onherarrivinghome，she____________theoldcurtain____________thenewonethatsheboughtjustnow.‎ ‎4.InAmerica，blue____________love，forwhichabridecarriesorwearssomethingblueonherweddingday.‎ ‎5.____________thetextbooks，Ioftenrefertootherreferencematerialstohelpwithmystudies.‎ ‎6.Americanschools，bothpublicandprivate，____________12yearsofgrades.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.concentratedon　2.leadto　3.replaced；with ‎4.standsfor。句意：在美国，蓝色代表爱情，新娘在婚礼当天会带上或穿着蓝色的东西。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为blue，谓语为standsfor“代表”且符合句意。故填standsfor。‎ ‎5.Asidefrom。句意：除了课本，我经常参考其他参考资料来帮助我的学习。asidefrom为介词短语，意为“除……之外”。故填Asidefrom。‎ ‎6.consistof ‎☆关键句型及惯用法☆‎ ‎1.However，theNormanConquestdidnotaffectEnglishasmuchastheAnglesandtheSaxons'victoryabout600yearsearlier，whichledtoOldEnglishreplacingCeltic.(P2223，L2830)‎ 译：然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响并不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语产生的影响，那场胜利导致古英语替代了凯尔特语。‎ ‎(1)[asmuchas的用法]‎ 总结：‎ ‎①表示程度，“像……一样(的程度)”“尽量”“尽最大努力(可能)，常用于as...aspossible/onecan”结构。如：‎ Hedoesn'tthinkofyouasmuchasheoughtto.‎ 他没有像本应该的那样对你好。‎ IhavehelpedyouasmuchasIcan.Nowitisuptoyou.‎ 21‎ 我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该靠你自己了。‎ ‎②表示数量，其后可跟具体数量，其意为“……之多”“多达”“整整”，强调“多”；也可跟模糊的数量，其意为“与……一样多”，有时much后可接被修饰的名词(不可数)。如：‎ Shetrainedhardfortherace，sometimesrunningasmuchas60milesaweek.‎ 为了比赛，她拼命地训练，有时一个星期要跑60英里。‎ I'msorry，Ihaven'tdoneasmuchasIshould.‎ 我很抱歉，我做得很不够。‎ ‎③表示经常性。如：‎ DoyoudineoutasmuchasyoudidinParis？‎ 你还像在巴黎时那样常常在外面吃饭吗？‎ Grandma'sgettingonabitanddoesn'tgooutasmuchassheusedto.‎ 奶奶年事已高，不像从前那样常出门了。‎ 完成汉译英：‎ ‎①这台新电脑的价格是三年前我买的旧电脑的三倍。‎ Thenewcomputercostsme________________________theoldoneIboughtthreeyearsago.‎ ‎②我尽可能地躲开他。‎ Iavoidedhim________________________.‎ ‎③我没有挣到我想象中的那么多钱。‎ Ihaven'tgot________________________.‎ ‎④我不敢说我对此事的了解有他那样多。‎ Idon'tpretendtoknow________________________.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎①threetimesasmuchas　②asmuchaspossible　③as/somuchmoneyasIthought　④asmuchashedoesaboutit ‎(2)[ving做宾语]‎ ving分词replacing做leadto的宾语，其中OldEnglish为replacing的逻辑主语。如：‎ Onedaythemanupstairsheardthesoundofchildrenplayinginthepark.‎ 有一天，住在楼上的那个男人听到孩子们在花园里玩耍的声音。‎ 21‎ Iamlookingforwardtoyourvisitingmyhometowninthenearfuture.‎ 我期待你在不远的将来访问我的家乡。‎ 思考：介词后ving分词是否可以用被动语态？如果可以，需要什么条件？‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ 可以。当ving分词的逻辑主语是它动作的对象，它就要用被动式。如：TherearealsorecordsofgymnasticsbeingperformedinChinaandsomeotherAsiancountries.中国以及其他的一些亚洲国家也有体操表演的记载。‎ 中译英：‎ ‎⑤这位老人坚持要他们留在他家。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎⑤Theoldmaninsistedontheirstayingathishome.‎ 语法填空：‎ ‎⑥Thesuggestionofthemeeting____________(put) offwasnotadoptedbythemanager.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎⑥beingput。考查ving分词用法。句意：推迟会议的建议没有被经理采纳。介词of后应用ving形式，put与meeting之间为被动关系，故应用ving分词的被动式。‎ ‎(3)[leadto]‎ leadto...“导致”，相当于resultin/bringabout。‎ Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.‎ 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。‎ leadto还可表示“通向，通往”。‎ AllroadsleadtoRome.‎ 条条道路通罗马。‎ 语法填空：‎ ‎⑦Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief____________(catch).‎ ‎[答案]‎ 21‎ ‎⑦beingcaught ‎2.TheChineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguagesinthat，insteadofanalphabet，itusescharacterswhichstandforideas，objectsordeeds.(P38，L12)‎ 译：汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体或行为。‎ ‎(1)[differfromsb./sth.]‎ differfromsb./sth.“与某人/某事物不同”，相当于bedifferentfromsb./sth.。‎ 知识拓展：‎ differin　在……方面不同 AdiffersfromB　A与B不同 differwith　意见不一致，持异议 begtodiffer　恕不同意(对不起，本人有不同意见)‎ differencebetweenAandB　不同之处，差别 makeadifference(to)　产生影响；起(重要)作用 differfromsth.in...　在……方面与……不同 Spanishdiffersgreatlyfrom(＝isgreatlydifferentfrom) Englishinpronunciation.‎ besimilartosth.in...在……方面与……相似 思考：differ的名词和形容词是什么，常构成哪些搭配？‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ 名词为difference，形容词different；常见搭配有：differencebetweenAandB　A和B的不同之处，差别；makeadifference (to) 对……产生影响或起作用；bedifferentfrom (to) 与……不同；makesth./sb.differentfrom...　使……不同于……。‎ 介词填空：‎ ‎①Thetwoanimalscomingfromthesamefamilyaresimilar____________eachotherinappearancebutdiffer____________breedinghabits.‎ 改错(只有一处错误)：‎ ‎②Wecanhelpthepoorinsomanywaysandeventhesmallesteffortcanmakedifference.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 21‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎①to；in ‎②make后添加a ‎(2)[inthat在于，因为]‎ Thisbookisdifferentfromthatbookinthatthisoneisaboutchemistryandthatoneabouthistory.‎ 这本书不同于那本，因为这本是有关化学的，而那本是有关历史的。‎ 中译英：‎ ‎③因为当时他病了所以没有参加竞赛。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎③Hedidn'tattendthecompetitioninthathewasillatthetime.‎ ‎(3)[standfor代表，象征]‎ ‎—WhatdoesAPECstandfor？‎ ‎—AsiaPacificEconomicCooperation.‎ 思考：你还能写出一些stand的常见搭配吗？‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ standby站在旁边，袖手旁观；standbysb.支持某人；standout突出，显眼，出众；standupfor支持，坚决维护，捍卫 用适当的介词或副词填空：‎ ‎④Iwillnotstand____________behaviorofthatkindinmyhouse.‎ ‎⑤Thenewroadsigniseasytoread；thewordsstand______well.‎ ‎⑥Icametorealizethatmyparentscouldnotalwaysstand____________me.‎ ‎⑦Together，letuslistentopeople—andstandup____________theirhopesanddesires.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎④for　⑤out　⑥by　⑦for ‎【运用提升】‎ 21‎ Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。‎ ‎1.Ayellowbackgroundwillmaketheblackcharacters____________(belongto/standout/packup).‎ ‎2.Selfcriticismisnecessary____________(evenif/sothat/inthat) itcanhelpuscorrectourmistakes.‎ ‎3.Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees，butthey____________(rang/differ/change) greatlyinsizeandshape.‎ ‎4.Asamatteroffact，gettingridofabadhabitis____________(asaneffortmuchas/asmuchaneffortas) formingagoodone.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.standout。句意：黄色的背景使得黑色的字母更加突出。belongto“属于”；standout“突出，显眼”；packup“打包”。‎ ‎2.inthat。句意：自我批评是必要的，因为它可以帮助我们纠正错误。分析句子可知，本句为inthat引导的原因状语从句。inthat“因为”；evenif“即使”；sothat“为了”。‎ ‎3.differ。此处表示树叶的大小和形状大不相同，应用differin，表示“在某方面不同”。range“排列，排序”；change“改变”。‎ ‎4.asmuchaneffortas。在as/so...as中，第一个as/so为副词，后接形容词或副词；第二个as是连词，后跟名词或从句，故该空正确的语序是asmuchaneffortas。‎ Ⅱ.用括号内单词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎1.Thenewsshockedthepublic，____________(lead) togreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.‎ ‎2.Helaughedatmybrother____________(talk) sofast.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.leading。考查非谓语动词。thenews和lead之间是主谓关系，leadingto...做伴随状语，所以用leading。句意：这个消息使公众震惊，也引起了人们对学生在校安全的极大关注。‎ ‎2.talking。ving分词做宾补，其中mybrother为talking的逻辑主语。‎ 对应学生用书p48‎ 21‎ Ⅰ.语法填空[黑体部分为本单元的单词或短语]‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ NowadaysitseemsthateveryonewantstolearnEnglish，butdoyouknowEnglishisactuallymadeupofseveraldifferentancientlanguages？‎ Theword“English”comesfrom“AngloSaxon”，thefirstpeople1.____________(occupy) GreatBritain.TheAngloSaxonscreatedthebasisfortheEnglishlanguagebasedonthelanguageoftheGermanictribes(部落) 2.____________theycamefrom.MostofEnglish'sbasicvocabularycomesfromtheseGermanic3.____________(influence).‎ EnglishbegantochangewhentheAngloSaxons4.______(defeat) bytheNormans(atribefrommoderndayFrance) duringtheNormanConquestofEnglandin1066.TheytookcontrolofEngland'sgovernmentandreplacedtheentireEnglishnobilitywithNormans.ThisledtoFrench5.____________(become) thelanguageofhighclassindividuals，whileEnglishremainedthelanguageofservantsandfarmers.EventuallyEnglishbecameamixtureofAngloSaxonandFrench.ThecontributionofFrenchtomodernEnglishisclear，6.____________spellingandpronunciationofwordsdiffer.‎ Englishalsoconsists7.____________manyLatinterms，largelybecauseoftheuseofLatinintheChurchandinscience.ManyofEnglish'smorecomplexwordscomefromLatin，andwhen8.____________(write) essaysorstoriesweoftenuseLatinvocabulary.‎ Onthewhole，itis9.____________(accurate) tosaythatEnglishisa“pure”language.Ifyourmothertongueisn'tEnglish，youmayfeelembarrassedaboutyouraccentorgrammar.Don'tbediscouragedbytheseshortcomings.JustrememberthatEnglishisalwayschanging，and10.____________havealreadybeenmanydifferentversionsofEnglish.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.tooccupy　2.that/which　3.influences　4.weredefeated ‎5.becoming　6.although/though　7.of　8.writing 21‎ ‎9.inaccurate　10.there Ⅱ.将括号中的汉语译成英语 ‎1.MyEnglishusedtobepoor：hardlydidIknowgrammarasidefrommy__________________(词汇量小和拼写错误).‎ ‎2.ThereweremanycaseswhereIcouldn'tanswer__________________________________(我的老师提出的问题)，makingme__________________________(感到很尴尬) inclass.‎ ‎3.However，thesefailuresdidn't________________(打败我).‎ ‎4.Mostofmytime____________(被用来) instudyingEnglish.‎ ‎5.Intheprocess，myteacher______________________(也非常关心) mystudy，whichledtomyEnglishimprovingrapidly.‎ ‎6.________________(总的说来)，itwasmyteacher'shelpandmyownhardworkthat______________________________(才促成我有机会) studyinginaforeignlanguagecollege.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1.smallvocabularyandspellingmistakes ‎2.thequestionsraisedbymyteacher；feelveryembarrassed ‎3.defeatme ‎4.wasoccupied ‎5.wasalsoveryconcernedabout ‎6.Asawhole；madecontributionstomyaccessto 21‎