2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（20页）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（20页）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．earthquake n．地震 ‎2．fire n．火灾 ‎3．flood n．洪水 ‎4．burn v．燃烧 ‎5．destroy v．破坏 ‎6．rescue v．援救 ‎7．survive v．幸存 ‎8．die out灭绝 ‎9．lead to/contribute to导致 ‎10．in harmony with nature与自然和谐相处 话题佳作 ‎4月20日，你省某市发生了强烈地震，造成很大损失，学校号召全体师生向灾区捐款。请你拟一份发言稿，在学校捐款动员大会上使用。发言稿主要内容应包括：‎ ‎1．对灾区情况的简单介绍(包括地震发生的时间、地点、造成的财产和人员损失等)；‎ ‎2．捐款的意义(帮助灾区人民渡过难关、帮助灾区重建)；‎ ‎3．如何捐款(自愿、多少不限、以班级为单位，收齐后交到学校红十字会)。‎ 佳作欣赏 Dear teachers and students，‎ As we all know，a terrible earthquake happened in a city of our province on April 20，in which many buildings were destroyed and many people were injured.‎ In order to help the earthquake victims to go through the hard times and rebuild their hometown，the school has called on everyone in our school，including both teachers and students，to donate money to the earthquakestriken area.This donation is voluntary.You can give away however much you want to.The money will be collected by each class before it is handed to the Red Cross Society of our school.‎ We hope that everyone will be kind enough to do what you can to help our fellowmen out of the difficulty.‎ Thank you.‎ 名师点睛 这篇发言稿思路清晰、语言准确。在行文过程中较多地运用了高级句式，如第一段中含有两个定语从句；第二段中的however引导的宾语从句、before引导的时间状语从句等。同时像go through，call on sb.to do...，give away，be kind enough to do，out of the difficulty等高级词汇的运用也使文章添彩。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．burst vi.爆裂；爆发；n.突然破裂；爆发 ‎2．million n．百万 ‎3．event n．事件；大事 ‎4．ruin n．废墟；毁灭；vt.毁灭；使破产 ‎5．injure vt.损害；伤害 injury n．损害；伤害 injured adj.受伤的 ‎6．destroy vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭 ‎7．shock n．休克；震惊；打击；vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 ‎8．trap vt.使陷入困境；n.陷阱；困境 ‎9．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 ‎10．reporter n．记者 ‎11．congratulation n．祝贺；(pl.)贺词 congratulate vt.祝贺 ‎12．judge n．裁判员；法官；vt.断定；判断；判决 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎13．nation n．民族；国家；国民 ‎14．suffering n．苦难；痛苦 ‎15．extreme adj.极度的 ‎16．useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的 useful adj.有用的 ‎17．rescue vt.& n．援救；营救 ‎18．electricity n．电；电流；电学 ‎19．disaster n．灾难；灾祸 ‎20．shelter n．遮蔽处；避身处；掩蔽 ‎21．damage n．& vt.损失；损害 ‎22．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬 frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的 ‎23．sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地 ‎24．express vt.表达；表示；n.快车；速递 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．So scientists have come up with a shocking(shock) idea.(2016·北京) ‎ ‎2．Natalie’s school was so damaged(damage) that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.(2016·北京)‎ ‎3．I sincerely(sincere) hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.(2016·全国Ⅲ) ‎ ‎4．A sudden stop can be a very frightening(frighten) experience，especially if you are travelling at high speed.(2016·浙江)‎ ‎5．Collect information about the person’s expressions(express) and find his intention.‎ ‎6．Handshakes are only exchanged on a first introduction，special occasions，or as a token(象征) of agreement or congratulation(congratulate)．‎ ‎1．right away立刻；马上 ‎2．think little of不重视 ‎3．at an end结束；终结 ‎4．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 ‎5．dig out掘出；发现 ‎6．a (great) number of许多；大量的 ‎7．judge from根据……判断 ‎ 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ One night，everything began to shake，with the pipes burst and the electricity cut off.An earthquake struck the city and it seemed as if the world was 1.at an end(结束)．‎ Some people were injured，some buried in the ruins and some missing.2.Judging from ‎(根据……判断) the situation，there were 3.a great/large number of(许多) trapped people waiting for rescue.But all hope was not lost，because soldiers were sent to help them 4.right away(立刻)．‎ ‎1．too...to...‎ In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.‎ 在农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。‎ 仿写　我不能和你一起去书店是因为我身体太虚弱了以至于我无法走出卧室。(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ The reason why I can’t go to the book store with you is that I’m too weak to walk out of my bedroom.‎ ‎2．It seems/seemed as if...‎ It seemed as if the world was at an end! ‎ 仿佛到了世界末日！‎ 仿写　看起来好像除了我每个人都交到了朋友并玩得很开心。‎ It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.‎ ‎3．everywhere引导地点状语从句 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.‎ 人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切几乎都被毁了。‎ 仿写　那年夏天，我想攒钱买属于自己的车，所以我四处求职。‎ I wanted to save up money and buy my own car，so I applied everywhere I could that summer.‎ ‎4．部分否定 All hope was not lost.‎ 不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ 仿写　但是，并非所有的孩子都认为父母以他们为荣。(2016·上海)‎ However, not all children consider that their parents are proud of them.‎ ‎ burst v．爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发 ‎(1)The river burst its banks and flooded the town.‎ 河水决堤，淹没了城镇。(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)The police burst in and arrested the thief.‎ 警察突然闯进来，逮捕了小偷。‎ ‎(3)Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the instant she read the letter.‎ 让我吃惊的是，她一读到这封信，就突然大哭起来。‎ burst in/into突然闯进；破门而入 burst out突然迸发；爆发；突然激动地喊叫 burst out doing...＝burst into＋n.突然做某事 burst with anger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支 基础知识训练——[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。‎ He felt he would burst with anger and shame.‎ ‎(2)当校车抵达动物园时，汽车的门突然打开，孩子们冲了出去。‎ When the school bus arrived at the zoo，the bus door burst open and all the children rushed out.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(3)Hearing the interesting story，all the people present burst into laughter.‎ Hearing the interesting story，all the people present burst out laughing.‎ ‎ ruin v．毁坏；使破产 n．毁坏；破产；废墟 ‎(1)My new white dress was totally ruined! ‎ 我那件白色的新裙子全给毁了。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us lying awake all night.‎ 地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这使我们彻夜未眠。‎ ‎(3)A large number of churches fell into ruin/were brought to ruin after the big flood.‎ 洪水过后，大批的教堂毁掉了。‎ ruin oneself毁掉自己 in ruins严重受损；破败不堪；崩溃，垮掉 come/fall into ruin毁灭；成为废墟 bring...to ruin使……失败；使……毁坏 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)This country was once proud of its education system.Now it seems to be in ruins.‎ ‎(2)The castle has fallen into ruin.‎ ‎(3)If you waste time doing nothing，you will ruin yourself(you)．‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)It rained for two weeks，which completely ruined our holiday.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)‎ It rained for two weeks，completely ruining our holiday.‎ ‎ bury v．埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；沉浸；覆盖；掩藏 ‎(1)The UK is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste.‎ 英国为了掩埋这些不必要的废弃物占用了许多土地。‎ ‎(2)She sat there，buried in thought.‎ 她坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。 ‎ bury sth.in...把某物埋在……‎ bury oneself in埋头于，专心于 be buried in专心于 基础知识训练——[用bury的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)He walked slowly，his hand buried in his pocket.‎ ‎(2)The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying her head in the book in her hands.‎ ‎(3)They think she was buried in the desert，along with a few others.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)Because she buried herself in the film，she didn’t know it was snowing outside.‎ ‎①Burying herself in the film，she didn’t know it was snowing outside.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)‎ ‎②Buried in the film，she didn’t know it was snowing outside.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ ‎ congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词 ‎(1)He sent her a note of congratulation on her election victory.‎ 她选举获胜，他就寄去了祝贺信。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)Congratulations on your happy marriage!‎ 祝贺你喜结良缘！‎ ‎(3)You can congratulate yourself on having done a good job.你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到自豪。‎ ‎(1)congratulations (to sb.) on sth.就……(向某人)祝贺 Congratulations！祝贺你！(口语)‎ ‎(2)congratulate vt.祝贺，向……道喜 congratulate sb.on sth.为某事向某人祝贺 ‎(1)congratulation用作祝贺语时，通常用复数形式；作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时，通常用单数形式。‎ ‎(2)congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)—I have passed the exam.‎ ‎—Congratulations(congratulate)!‎ ‎(2)I congratulate myself(I) on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(3)I congratulated him his success sincerely.‎ ‎(4)Thank you for your letter conveying on my appointment.‎ ‎ at an end结束；终结 ‎(1)This latest injury must surely mean that her tennis career is now at an end.‎ 毫无疑问，最近这次受伤意味着她的网球运动生涯已到了尽头。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)The project is due to be finished by the end of this week.这个项目将在本周末完成。‎ at the end of在……尽头；在……末端 by the end of到……结束时；到……时候为止 in the end最后；终于,come to an end结束 put/bring...to an end结束……‎ put an end to结束……；终结……‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)You should add your name at the end of the report.‎ ‎(2)By the end of this week，I will have finished most of the work.‎ ‎(3)He debated buying a new car，but didn’t in the end.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(4)The meeting was at an end.‎ ‎①The meeting came to an end.(come)‎ ‎②We brought the meeting to an end.(bring)‎ ‎③We put an end to the meeting./We put the meeting to an end.(put)‎ ‎ a (great) number of 许多；大量的 ‎(1)Aside from the web cameras，a number of other hightech methods are becoming increasingly popular.‎ 除了网络摄像机，其他一些高技术方法也越来越受欢迎。‎ ‎(2)Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.‎ 仅在哺乳动物中，夜间活动的物种的数量就很惊人。(2015·浙江)‎ 表示“许多；大量”的词语可分为以下几类：‎ ＋可数名词复数 ‎ ＋不可数名词 ＋可数名词复数或不可数名词 ＋单数可数名词＋单数谓语动词 ‎(1)a number of＋名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，表示“许多……；大量……”。‎ ‎(2)the number of＋名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，表示“……的数量”。‎ ‎(3)large quantities of＋名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎(4)large amounts of＋不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Large quantities of land in the area have been reserved(reserve) for national parks these years，which are(be) now home to bears，wolves，and other wild animals.‎ ‎(2)The number of books stolen from the library is (be) large.‎ ‎(3)A large number of books have been stolen(steal) from the library so far.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(4)More than one doctor involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.‎ ‎(5)One survey shows that large amounts of water wasted every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved.‎ ‎ injure v．损害；伤害；损坏(名誉)；伤害(感情)‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The driver of the car received serious injuries(injure) to the legs and arms.‎ ‎(2)The young woman entered the pool where an injured(injure) dolphin was swimming.‎ ‎(3)She injured(injure) herself while skating last week.‎ ‎(4)The injured were(be) sent to the hospital at once after the accident.‎ ‎(1)injured adj.受伤的 the injured受伤者；伤员 ‎(2)injury n．伤口；伤害 ‎ shock v．(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；打击；震惊 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It was quite a shock to see my face on that screen!‎ ‎(2)After the shocking news spread throughout the whole city，everyone felt shocked.(shock)‎ ‎(3)We were shocked(shock) to see smoke pouring out of the roof.‎ ‎(4)I was shocked at/by the news of his sudden death.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(5)It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children.(用shock n．改写)‎ It was a shock to see how my neighbors treated their children.‎ ‎(1)shocked adj.感到震惊的 be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do...因做……而震惊 ‎(2)shocking adj.令人震惊的 ‎ trap n．夹子；陷阱；困境；圈套 v．使困住，使陷于；使落网 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Were you just trying to trap her into making a mistaken decision?‎ ‎(2)Her mother Donna was trapped(trap) in the destroyed building.‎ ‎(3)Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell into it.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)He was trapped in a traffic jam，so he had to be patient，waiting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ Trapped in a traffic jam，he had to be patient，waiting.‎ ‎ In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.,在农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。‎ ‎(1)They were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.‎ 它们仍然很害羞，不能做有经验的狒狒所做的事。(2014·湖北)‎ ‎(2)One is never too old to learn.‎ 活到老学到老。‎ ‎(3)I’ll be only too pleased to be able to do the job for you.我能为您效劳，真是十分高兴。‎ ‎(1)too...to...太……而不能……‎ ‎(2)too...to...与not或never连用时，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”。‎ cannot be too...再……也不过分 ‎(3)only/just/but too...to...非常……去做(too前的only，just，but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气)‎ ‎(4)too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...表示肯定，作“过于、太会……”解。‎ ‎(5)too...not to...表示肯定，含义是“非常……必定能；太……不会不……”‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The question is too difficult for her to answer(answer)．‎ 写作能力提升——[翻译句子]‎ ‎(2)You cannot be too careful.‎ 你再小心也不为过。/你越小心越好。‎ ‎(3)She is too ready to get angry.‎ 她动不动就生气。‎ ‎(4)Mary is too wise not to know it.‎ 玛丽很聪明，不会不懂的。‎ ‎ It seemed as if the world was at an end！ ‎ 仿佛到了世界末日！‎ ‎(1)It seems as if there will be a heavy rain soon.‎ 看来天要下雨了。‎ ‎(2)It seems that something is wrong with the radio set.‎ 看来这收音机有点毛病。‎ ‎(3)There seems to be a kind of gravitational pull toward God.似乎有一种引力拉向上帝。‎ It seems as if...看样子好像……‎ seem的其他相关句型：‎ ‎(1)It＋seems/seemed(＋to sb.)＋that...(对某人来说)好像……；似乎……‎ ‎(2)seem (to be)＋adj./现在分词/过去分词/介词短语　好像……‎ ‎(3)seem to do/be doing/have done好像要做/在做/已经做了……‎ ‎(4)There seems to be...好像有……‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The engine just won’t start.Something seems to have gone(go) wrong with it.‎ ‎(2)It seemed as if an invisible wall had been built between us overnight.‎ ‎(3)Look at the sky！It seems to rain(rain)．‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)It seems that the matter is more complex.(改为简单句)‎ The matter seems to be more complex. ‎ ‎(5)They were talking in a whisper，so they seemed to be saying something secret.(将划线部分改为复合句)‎ They were talking in a whisper，so it seemed that they were saying something secret.‎ ‎ All hope was not lost.‎ 不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ ‎(1)Not all historical buildings are attractive.‎ 并非所有的历史建筑都有吸引力。(2014·安徽)‎ ‎(2)Nothing can change her mind.‎ 没有什么能改变她的想法。‎ all...not＝not all...部分否定，也称半否定。‎ 具有总括意义的代词(each，everybody，everything，all，both等)、形容词(complete，whole等)和副词(completely，always，wholly，altogether等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成了全部否定。‎ 基础知识训练——[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with everything(并非同意你讲的全部)．‎ 写作能力提升——[把下列部分否定的句子改为全部否定]‎ ‎(2)Not everything she did pleased him.‎ Nothing she did pleased him.‎ ‎(3)Both of them are not my brothers.‎ Neither of them is my brother.‎ ‎(4)I do not remember all the details.‎ I remember none of the details.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 Several days before July 28,1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose 1.and fell.In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.They were 2.signs(sign) for the earthquake.But people in the city didn’t think much 3.of these events.At 3：42 am that day，the earth began to shake,4.which destroyed the city.Many people,5.including(include) rescuer workers and doctors，came to rescue those 6.trapped(trap) under the ruins.7.Later(late) that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan.More people 8.were killed(kill) or injured and 9.more(many) buildings fell down.Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to dig out 10.the trapped and to bury the dead.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Dear student，‎ Congratulations! We are pleased to telling you that you have won a high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of who agreed that it was the best one in this year.Your family should proud of you! Our office would like to have you say in the new park，which will honor those that died in the terrible disaster.What you know，this is the day the quake happened fortyone years before.We invite you to bring your family and friends in that special day.‎ 答案 Dear student，‎ Congratulations! We are pleased to you that you have won high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of agreed that it was the best one in this year.Your family should proud of you! Our office ‎ would like to have you in the new park，which will honor those died in the terrible disaster. you know，this is the day the quake happened fortyone years .We invite you to bring your family and friends that special day.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于地震)‎ ‎1．这座城市发生了地震。‎ ‎2．突然，世界好像到了末日。‎ ‎3．几秒钟之内城市被毁。‎ ‎4．管道裂开了，电也停了，大量建筑物变为废墟。‎ ‎5．人们有的受伤，有的被埋。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用as if引导的方式状语从句。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ An earthquake happened in the city.Suddenly，it seemed as if the world was at an end.The city was destroyed in seconds.Pipes burst and electricity went out.A great number of buildings lay in ruins and people were injured or buried.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our claims，and to judge(judge) our actions.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎2．Mailboxes might be buried(bury) in the snow，or broken，or lying on the ground，but the mail was always delivered.‎ ‎3．She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters(shelter) and promoting education and services for people in need.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎4．Art could help him express himself(he) without words.(2016·天津)‎ ‎5．I had a tour of the prison before Mom rescued(rescue) me.(2014·四川)‎ ‎6．We’ve lit up the night as if it were(be) an unoccupied country，when nothing could be further from the truth.(2015·浙江)‎ ‎7．To learn(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.(2015·福建)‎ ‎8．When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for whatever his family might need，he burst into tears.(2015·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎9．When deeply absorbed in work，which/as he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.‎ ‎10．A number of paintings in this castle are believed(believe) to have been destroyed in a fire in 2009.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A A walker seriously injured in a mountaintop lightning strike which killed two others is showing signs of improvement，the police have said.A major rescue operation was performed on Sunday following two strikes which hit the Brecon Beacons，South Wales.Two men died，while two others were taken to hospital.‎ A police spokeswoman said，“A man in a serious condition in hospital，following simultaneous(同时发生的) incidents in the Brecon Beacons，has now improved and he is recovering.Officers are continuing to get in touch with the next of relatives of the dead men and enquiries are ongoing.All men were believed to be from England.”‎ Mark Jones，of the Brecon Mountain Rescue Team，described the lightning strike as a freak accident，and something he had not been called out to in 30 years of service.‎ The walking group Ramblers Cymru said that while incidents involving thunder and lightning were rare，electrical storms should be taken seriously by walkers.‎ The organisation’s delivery officer，Elly Hannigan Popp，said，“We’d advise everyone to check the weather forecast before starting a walk.If you hear thunder，see lightning or if your ‎ hair stands on end，postpone activities even if the sky looks blue and clear.Lightning will strike as far as 10 miles away from any rainfall.Lightning can strike the same place repeatedly—especially tall，pointed，isolated objects.”‎ ‎“If there is no shelter you should keep moving.And if you become the tallest object，crouch(蹲) in the open twice as far away from the nearest pointed object as it is tall.Make yourself as small as possible，stay on your toes and keep your heels together，as it will allow electricity to go up one foot，through the heels and back into the ground through the other.”‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。在南威尔士的Brecon Beacons，闪电击中了四人，导致两人死亡，两人受伤。文中Elly Hannigan Popp提出了在雷电天气中的一些安全措施。‎ ‎11．What can we learn about the victims of the incident?‎ A．Both of the injured men are recovering slowly.‎ B．The bodies of the two men haven’t been found.‎ C．The four men involved may be from the same country.‎ D．The police cannot contact the two dead men’s relatives.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“All men were believed to be from England.”可知，这四个人很可能来自同一个国家。‎ ‎12．Why did the author quote the police spokeswoman in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Because the accident is very serious.‎ B．To announce where the victims come from.‎ C．Because the police are looking into the accident.‎ D．To tell the readers some facts of the incident.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。作者在第二段中提到警方发言人并引用她的话，为的是告诉读者与事件相关的一些事实。‎ ‎13．What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Unusual. B．Regular.‎ C．Unimportant. D．Frightening.‎ 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“something he had not been called out to in 30 years of service”可知，在南威尔士的Brecon Beacons，闪电击中人的事件不常见。‎ ‎14．What do the last two paragraphs tell us?‎ A．Harm done by lightning.‎ B．Warnings from a delivery officer.‎ C．First aid in a lightning incident.‎ D．Safety tips on a lightning strike.‎ 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。通读最后两段的内容并根据其中的关键词“advise”可知，最后两段主要讲述的是在雷电天气中的安全措施。‎ B ‎(2017·贵州铜仁一中月考)‎ Some people think that they will get ill if they use their brains(大脑) too much.It is not true.Through many studies，scientists show us that the more you use your brains，the better they will be，and the cleverer you will become.‎ Of course，if you want to keep your mind clear and active，you must take a proper rest and study properly.To the teenagers，using their brains in the morning is good for their health.‎ There are many ways to rest.One is a peaceful rest.Sleep is a peaceful rest.Another is an active rest.For example，take a walk outdoors，do morning exercises every day.To change the way of the brains’ activities is also a good way to rest.‎ In everyday life，to eat some eggs，meat，fresh vegetables and fruit is also good for the brains.‎ Wish you a wise man and a happy life.‎ ‎15．According to the writer of the passage，our brains should be used .‎ A．hardly B．more often C．seldom D．at times 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Through many studies，scientists show us that the more you use your brains，the better it will be，and the cleverer you will become.”可知，我们的大脑应该用得更频繁。故选B。‎ ‎16．Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A．Sleep is a kind of good rest.‎ B．There are different activities for a good rest.‎ C．Going out for a rest is an active rest.‎ D．Doing morning exercises is a peaceful rest.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第四、五句“Another is an active rest.For example，take a walk outdoors，do morning exercises every day.”可知，做早操是积极的锻炼。故选D。‎ ‎17．Which of the following is TRUE?‎ A．The brains will be better if they are used often.‎ B．Fruits are the most important for the brains.‎ C．Illness comes from the fact that the brains are used too much.‎ D．Sleep is the only way of having a rest.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Through many studies，scientists show us that the more ‎ you use your brains，the better they will be，and the cleverer you will become.”可知，经常使用大脑会更聪明。故选A。‎ ‎18．Which of the following can be used as the best title for the passage?‎ A．How to Rest B．How to Use Your Brains C．How to Become a Wise Man D．Keep Your Mind Clear 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要谈论的是怎么使用大脑。故选B。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·河南南阳一中月考)‎ There is bad news for students who like to use their mobile phones while they study.New research shows that students do not learn very well when they text.Researchers 19. (look)at 145 American high school students in the classroom.Some of the students used their mobile phones during class，while the others had their phones 20. (switch)off.The head researcher，Dr Jeffrey Kuznekoff，said students 21. did not use their mobile phones while the teacher was talking got 22. (high)scores on tests they took at the end of the class.‎ One of the biggest 23. (challenge)teachers have in the classroom is the nonstop battle of 24. (keep)students working because students were more absorbed in social media than learning.Many students felt they needed to be online and check messages even they had important work to do in class.‎ ‎25． is very common for students to be 26. (physical)present in class，but mentally absent because they are using their mobiles.A study found that test scores increased 27. six percent after mobile phones 28. (ban)in class.‎ ‎19．答案　looked 解析　考查动词的时态。此处讲一次调查的具体情况，调查已经发生且下文描述用的是过去时态，此处也用过去时，故填looked。‎ ‎20．答案　switched 解析　考查固定用法。have sth.done使某事被做，故填switched。‎ ‎21．答案　who/that 解析　考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是students，指人，在定语从句中作主语，要用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。‎ ‎22．答案　higher 解析　考查形容词的比较级。此处指上课不用手机的学生比上课用手机的学生测试得分高，有比较的意思，要用比较级，故填higher。‎ ‎23．答案　challenges 解析　考查名词的单复数。此处是one of句型指“最大的挑战之一”，名词要用复数形式，故填challenges。‎ ‎24．答案　keeping 解析　考查动词的形式。of是介词，后面用动词ing形式，故填keeping。‎ ‎25．答案　It 解析　考查形式主语。句中it作形式主语，后面的to do不定式作真正的主语，故填It。‎ ‎26．答案　physically 解析　考查副词。此处修饰形容词present要用副词，指身体在教室。故填physically。‎ ‎27．答案　by 解析　考查介词。increased by“增加了”，此处指分数增加了6%，故填by。‎ ‎28．答案　were banned 解析　考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意和increased可知用过去时态，句中mobile phones和动词ban是被动关系，指手机在课堂上被禁止。故填were banned。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·湖北孝感高级中学调研)‎ I’d like to share with you my progresses on study in these three years.To be honest，I was not so good at my study when I came to high school，often feel tired out and at loss.Sometimes，I am even on the point of giving up.Therefore，my change happened when my teachers and my classmates as well as came to encourage me one day in Senior Two.It was their encouragement and my own thinking that resulted in my achievements in study final.‎ Still not a top student although I am now，I have found myself filled with greatly confidence to face any difficulty and challenge.There is no doubt that I am bound to fight with my dream to the end in the coming months!‎ 答案 I’d like to share with you my on study in these three years.To be honest，I was not so good at my study when I came to high school，often tired out and at loss.Sometimes，I even on the point of giving up.，my change happened when my teachers and my classmates as well as came to encourage me one day in Senior Two.It was their encouragement and my own thinking that resulted in my achievements in study .‎ Still not a top student I am now，I have found myself filled with confidence to face any difficulty and challenge.There is no doubt that I am bound to fight my dream to the end in the coming months!‎ ‎29．答案　progresses→progress 解析　progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故把progresses改为progress。‎ ‎30．答案　feel→feeling 解析　句意为：说实话，当我上高中时我并不擅长学习，经常感觉疲惫以及不知所措。这里用现在分词feeling作伴随状语，故把feel改为feeling。‎ ‎31．答案　loss前加a 解析　at a loss是固定短语，意为“困惑，不知所措”。故在loss前加a。‎ ‎32．答案　am→was 解析　句意为：有时我甚至想要放弃。根据文章可知用一般过去时，故把am改为was。‎ ‎33．答案　Therefore→However 解析　句意为：但是当我上高二时，我的老师和同学有一天鼓励我，使我发生了改变。根据句意可知这里和上文是转折，故把Therefore改为However。‎ ‎34．答案　删除第二个as 解析　my teachers and my classmates as well意为“我的老师和同学们”。故删除第二个as。‎ ‎35．答案　final→finally 解析　句意为：是他们的鼓励和我的思想最终带来了我学习成绩的进步。这里应该用副词作状语，故把final改为finally。‎ ‎36．答案　although→as/though 解析　句意为：尽管我现在仍然不是顶尖的学生，我发现自己非常的自信去面对任何困难和挑战。这里是倒装句，不能用although，可以用as或者though。故把although改为as/though。‎ ‎37．答案　greatly→great 解析　great confidence极大的自信。用形容词great修饰名词confidence。故把greatly改为great。‎ ‎38．答案　with→for 解析　fight with和某人打架； fight for为……而奋斗。故把with改为for。‎