2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：三十六Module6WarandPeace外研版选修6

2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：三十六Module6WarandPeace外研版选修6

1 核心素养测评三十六 Module 6 War and Peace Ⅰ. 阅读理解 Little black taxis, often run-down and falling apart from decades of use, have for a long time been a main feature of Cairo’s chaotic urban landscape. But their days may be numbered, thanks to a new taxi replacement programme aimed at knocking out older, potentially unsafe vehicles. The government-sponsored action, launched earlier this year, allows drivers of taxis 20 years or older, mostly Fiats and Peugeots, to trade their cars for shiny new all-white onesat generous rates of financing. Drivers can choose between five different locally manufactured car models. According to officials, more than 11, 000 brand new taxis, sporting trademark checked stripes on the sides, have already hit the streets of the capital, and they’ve been welcomed enthusiastically by passengers. Many people say that not only are the new taxis more comfortable, but they also make the streets of Cairo far more presentable. Furthermore, taxi fares have only increased by a small amount. The poor condition of most black and white taxis is almost legendary. Passengers often have to deal with windows and doors that do not open and close, and heavy, thick petrol gases. Air conditioning is unheard of. The new all-white taxis, meanwhile, are cleaner, more fuel-efficient and provide air conditioning on request. Furthermore, all the new taxis come equipped with functioning fare meters, which avoids arguments and sometimes fights with passengers! The government hopes to replace all of the capital’s 40, 000 elderly black cabs soon, but not everyone in Cairo will be happy to see them go. Hotel manager Ibrahim Al-Toukhy says that the old black cabs were weak and run-down, and maybe even a little dangerous, but they were part of the city, and part of Cairo’s character. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。旧出租车已成为开罗的城市特色, 但因其车况残破不堪。本 文主要介绍了开罗政府实行的新出租车更换旧出租车的工程。 1. Which of the followings can replace the underlined word “chaotic” in Paragraph 2 1? A. disorderly　　　　 B. fantastic C. busy D. silent 【解析】选 A。词义猜测题。根据上文可知, 黑色的旧出租车经常出故障, 已经成为开罗地 区的 chaotic 特点的具体体现, 和下文的 But their days may be numbered, thanks to a new taxi replacement programme aimed at knocking out older, potentially unsafe vehicles. 可知, 而新的出租车将排除这种旧出租车带来的潜在的不安全因素。结合四个选 项, 由此可猜测 chaotic 为“混乱不堪的”。故选 A。 2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the new taxis? A. They are much more presentable. B. Their passengers have to pay dramatically more. C. They are much more energy-saving. D. Only few of them provide air conditioning. 【解析】选 C。细节理解题。由第三段 they also make the streets of Cairo far more presentable 可 知 , 新 出 租 车 使 得 streets 变 得 presentable 而 不 是 出 租 车 本 身 presentable, 故排除 A; 由 taxi fares have only increased by a small amount 可知, 新出租 车的车费只有少量上涨, 故排除 B; 由第四段 The new all-white taxis. . . provide air conditioning on request 可知, 只要乘客要求, 司机都会提供冷气, 故排除 D; 由 The new all-white taxis, meanwhile, are cleaner, more fuel-efficient 可知, 新出租车更 省燃料。故选 C。 3. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The road traffic condition of Cairo. B. A taxi renewal programme launched in Cairo. C. The problems with old black Cairo taxis. D. Various views on the new taxi replacement in Cairo. 【解析】选 B。主旨大意题。本文开篇第一段已将整体大意表明: 虽然旧出租车已成为开罗 的城市特色, 但因其车况残破不堪, 开罗政府已实行新出租车更换旧出租车的工程。再结合 四个选项可知, 本文主要内容为“开罗启动了出租车更新计划”。故选 B。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 One afternoon, I was walking with Evan on the second floor. I talked on and 3 on and Evan walked 　1　in front of me. As we turned a corner, Evan 　2　me and said the ten words. “Why are you talking to me? I’m not your friend. ” Those were the exact words he said to me that day. I stood there 　3　. He kept walking and never looked back. I 　4　 to my next class with tears coming up in my eyes. We 　5　 spoke to each other after that. I 　6　 into a shell, like a turtle, to hide from the world. For the rest of my time in middle school, I didn’t 　7　 myself to get close to anyone. I push away most of my friends　8　 being hurt again. I avoided unnecessary　9　. It wasn’t until high school that I was able to 　10　 my head out of my shell and begin 　11　 people again. But even today, I am still 　12　 in choosing who I open up to. It takes me a very long time to warm up to 　13　. I was twelve then. I was too trusting and I took what Evan said 　14　. Maybe he was having a bad day 　15　 maybe I was talking too much. In my view, what he said to me that day 　16　 the course of my life. But if weren’t for that 　17　 , I wouldn’t have met my best friends in high school. I understand that, in middle school, we were all young. I’ve been able to 　 18　 all the people who bullied me, but for some 　19　 I can’t seem to forgive Evan. Those words that day hurt me more than anything. I believe that one day I’ll be 　20　 enough to forgive Evan too. But right now I’m still that twelve-year-old boy running down the hall with tears filled with his eyes. 【文章大意】本文作者陈述了自己被朋友的言语伤害, 以至于性格改变的事情。虽然随着年 龄的增长, 他逐渐走出阴影, 但是这件事情深深地伤害了他。通过这件事, 我们要从中学到 注意自己的言语, 不要说出可能伤害人的话。 　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　 1. A. silently B. carefully C. suddenly D. happily 【解析】选 A。联系下文他对我说的“Why are you talking to me? I’m not your friend. ”可知我在不停地说话时, 他不吭声地走在我前面。silently 不吭身, 沉默地, 无 声地; carefully 仔细地; suddenly 突然; happily 快乐地。 2. A. argued with B. shouted at 4 C. turned to D. reminded of 【解析】选 C。联系上文 Evan 走在我前面, 可知当我们转弯时, 他转向我, 对我说了下面的 话。 argue with 与……辩论, 争论; shout at 对……吼叫; turn to 求助于, 转向; remind of 想起。根据语境可知选 C。 3. A. astonished B. disappointed C. frightened D. amused 【解析】选 A。 astonished 感到惊讶的; disappointed 失望的; frightened 害怕的; amused 愉快的, 被逗笑的。根据 Evan 对我说的话“Why are you talking to me? I’m not your friend. ”可判断我听到他说的这些话感到很惊讶。 4. A. came back B. gave in C. made faces D. ran off 【解析】选 D。句意:他一直向前走没有回头。我流着眼泪跑去上下一节课。comeback 回来; give in 屈服; make faces 做鬼脸; run off 跑掉, 逃掉, 流失, 偷走, 减轻体重。 5. A. frequently B. willingly C. attentively D. rarely 【解析】选 D。根据上文发生的事以及下句“我把自己藏到壳里”, 可知自那之后, 我们很 少说话。frequently 频繁地, 经常地; willingly 乐意地; attentively 聚精会神地, 周到 地; rarely 罕见地, 珍奇地。 6. A. looked B. turned C. escaped D. lived 【解析】选 C。联系下文 hide from the world , 可知我像一只海龟一样, 逃到一个壳里藏 起来了。look 看; turn 转身; escape 逃脱; live 住。 7. A. wish B. allow C. expect D. force 【解析】选 B。句意: 在中学的剩余时间里, 我不允许自己接近任何人。wish 希望; allow 允 许; expect 期望; force 强迫。 8. A. for fear of B. because of C. in need of D. instead of 【解析】选 A。句意: 我推开大部分的朋友因为害怕被再次伤害。for fear of 因为害怕; because of 由于; in need of 需要; instead of 代替, 而不是。 9. A. outings B. conversations C. lessons D. friends 5 【解析】选 B。联系上文我把自己藏在壳里, 不接近任何人。可知我避免不必要的对话。 outings 远足, 郊游, 短途旅行; conversations 对话; lessons 教训, 启示, 课; friends 朋友。 10. A. remain B. stick C. keep D. hide 【解析】选 B。句意: 直到高中我才把头从壳里伸出来。remain 保持, 留下; stick 插入, 放 置, 粘贴, 容忍; keep 保持; hide 躲藏。stick out of 从……伸出。 11. A. suspecting B. refusing C. admiring D. trusting 【解析】选 D。联系语境直到上高中我才把头伸出龟壳, 才开始再次相信人。suspect 猜疑, 怀疑; refuse 拒绝; admire 羡慕, 钦佩; trust 相信。 12. A. cautious B. alone C. careless D. simple-minded 【解析】选 A。联系上文自己受到 Evan 的伤害, 可知直到今天, 我在选择向谁打开心扉时仍 然很谨慎。cautious 小心的, 谨慎的; alone 单独的; careless 粗心的; simple-minded 纯 朴的, 简单的。 13. A. anything B. everyone C. nothing D. someone 【解析】选 D。联系上句我在择友时很谨慎, 可知我要花很长时间才能对一个人变得友好。 anything 任何东西; everyone 每个人; nothing 没有东西; someone 某个人。 14. A. seriously B. wrongly C. personally D. easily 【解析】选 A。句意: 那时我 12 岁。我太容易相信别人, 我把 Evan 的话太当真了。seriously 严肃地, 认真地; wrongly 错误地; personally 个人地; easily 容易地。take sth. seriously 认真对待, 当真。 15. A. and B. or C. but D. so 【解析】选 B。句意: 或许他那天心情不好或者我说的话太多了。这里 Maybe he was having a bad day 和 maybe I was talking too much. 是选择关系, 用 or, 故选 B。 16. A. changed B. helped C. developed D. achieved 【解析】选 A。句意: 在我看来, 他那天对我说的话改变了我的生活轨迹。change 改变; help 6 帮助; develop 发展, 养成; achieve 完成, 实现。 17. A. accident B. argument C. incident D. fight 【解析】选 C。句意: 但是如果不是因为那件事, 我不可能在高中遇到我最好的朋友们。 accident 事故; argument 争论, 争辩; incident 小事件, 事件; fight 斗争, 奋斗。 18. A. forget B. remember C. apologize D. forgive 【解析】选 D。联系下文 I can’t seem to forgive Evan. 可知我已经能原谅所有欺负我 的人。forget 忘记; remember 记住, 记得; apologize 道歉; forgive 原谅, 谅解。 19. A. trouble B. reason C. idea D. view 【解析】选 B。句意: 我已经能原谅所有欺负我的人, 但是因为一些原因, 我似乎不能原谅 Evan。trouble 麻烦; reason 原因; idea 想法, 观点; view 观点, 景色。 20. A. warm-hearted B. clever C. mature D. determined 【解析】选 C。联系本段的开头, 那时我们都太年轻, 我能原谅所有欺负我的人, 但是不能 原谅 Evan, 可知这里, 我相信有一天我也能足够成熟的原谅 Evan。warm-hearted 热心的; clever 聪明的; mature 成熟的, 仔细考虑过的; determined 有决心的。 【知识拓展】佳词积累 1. shell 　　　　 n. 壳 2. hide v. 藏 3. get close to 靠近 4. warm up to 对……变得有好感 5. forgive vt. 原谅 Ⅲ. 语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A bullet is 1. 　　　　　 you shoot out of a gun. And it comes out fast. 2. 　　　　　 fact, it used to be the way to describe the speed of the superhero Superman—he is “faster than a speeding bullet. ” Bullets are not only known for their speed but also known for their purpose to kill. However, not all bullets are bad. 3. 　　　　　(ease) the pain of a 7 difficult situation, people are sometimes asked to bite the bullet. This 4. 　　　　　 (actual) sounds like bad advice. Where does the 5. 　　　　　(express) come from? The story may go back to the American Civil War or even 6. 　　　　　(early). During the Civil War, pain-killing drugs were often hard to find. So doctors 7. 　　　　　(work) on the battlefield would give their patients either a piece of wood to squeeze 8. 　　　　　 something soft to bite. Many times the nearest thing was a soft lead bullet. Hollywood movies helped to keep this alive. In old western movies, more than one cowboy 9. 　　　　　(see) biting a bullet, perhaps drinking some strong whiskey, while removing an arrow from his own body. But that is in the movies. In modern conversation, “biting the bullet” means accepting a difficult10. 　　　　　 (decide) or situation. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了“biting the bullet” 这一习语的来源。 1. 【解析】what。考查表语从句。句意: 子弹是你从枪里射出的东西。what 引导表语从句, 表示“……的东西”。不仅引导表语从句, 还在从句中作 shoot 的宾语。 2. 【解析】In。考查固定搭配。in fact 表示“事实上”, 是固定搭配。 3. 【解析】 To ease。考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式表示目的。 4. 【解析】actually。考查词性转换。副词修饰后面的动词 sounds。 5. 【解析】expression。考查词性转换。根据空前面的 the 可知此处需要名词。the expression 在此句中作主语。 6. 【解析】earlier。考查形容词比较级。even 修饰比较级。 7. 【 解 析 】 working 。 考 查 非 谓 语 动 词 。 working on the battlefield 作 定 语 修 饰 doctors, work 和 doctors 之间是主动关系, 所以用动词的-ing 形式。 8. 【解析】or。考查连词。either. . . or. . . 或者……或者……。 9. 【解析】 was seen。考查时态与语态。句意: 在老的西部电影中, 不止一个牛仔被看到 咬子弹。根据句意可知 see 这一动作发生在过去, 且与句子主语之间是被动关系, 所以用一 般过去时的被动语态。 10. 【解析】decision。考查词性转换。根据空前面的 a difficult 可知此处需要名词。 Ⅳ. 短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 8 有 10 处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改 10 处, 多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 I am always telling to work hard to have a good life in the future. Therefore, I do my best to play basketball or study. I want to be basketball player when I will grow up. To realize my dream, I practice playing basketball regular, aiming to make my best shots. Although I’m interesting in watching TV, I manage to finish my homework first. I try my best in all the test, especially in the math test because I find math more difficulty than any other subject. Anyway I will spare no efforts and never give up my studies and I hold the firm belief which I am sure to success. 答案: 1. 【解析】第一句 telling→told。考查动词的语态。此处指我经常被告诉, 是被动语态。 2. 【解析】第二句 or→and。考查连词。play basketball 和 study 在此处是并列关系。 3. 【解析】第三句在 be 后面加上 a。考查冠词。此处指一位篮球运动员。不定冠词 a 泛指 9 数量“一”。 4. 【解析】第三句去掉 will。考查时态。when 引导时间状语从句, 从句谓语用一般现在时 表示将来。 5. 【解析】第四句 regular→regularly。考查副词。此处副词修饰谓语动词 practice。 6. 【解析】第五句 interesting→interested。考查固定搭配。be interested in 对……感 兴趣。 7. 【解析】第六句 test→tests。考查名词。test 表示“测试”, 是可数名词, 根据前面的 all 可知用复数形式。 8. 【解析】第六句 difficulty→difficult。考查形容词。此处形容词作宾语补足语, 根据 than 可知, 此处的 more difficult 是比较级。 9. 【解析】第七句which→that。考查同位语从句。belief 后面是 that 引导的同位语从句, that 在从句中不作成分。 10. 【解析】第七句 success→succeed。考查动词。be sure to do sth. 一定做某事。 Ⅴ. 书面表达 (2020·石家庄模拟) 假定你是李华, 你校英国交换生 John 想利用假期到中国各地旅游, 发邮件向你询问如何 购买火车票。请你回复邮件, 内容包括: 1. 所需证件(护照); 2. 购票方式(售票窗口、网上); 3. 车站取票。 注意: 1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 Dear John, _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 10 Dear John, How is life going? Knowing that you’ll travel around China during your vacation, I feel very happy for you and here are the details about how to buy train tickets. Train tickets can be bought online or from the ticket office of the train station, and your passport is required either way. If you book it online, you can save the trouble of going to the station and waiting in a queue. But you still need get your ticket at the station since the ticket vending machine doesn’t support passports. So, the best way is to go to the train station ahead of time and purchase your ticket right on the spot. May you have a great time in China! Yours, Li Hua 阅读理解 　　Looking at Rosa Ferrigno’s new suit, you could swear it was knitted (织)with regular yarn(毛线). It’s only when you touch it and hear the characteristic rustling(沙沙声)of plastic that you realize there’s something special about it. In fact, the suit is made out of over 300 plastic grocery bags. Ferrigno, who once worked as a tailor before starting a family, got the idea for her unique hand-made suit last August. She was at a family picnic and saw one of the other guests carrying a purse made from re-purposed plastic bags. It attracted her, so she and her daughter searched for instructions on how to make one on YouTube. The 75- year-old ended up making a purse from colorful plastic bags. But that was only the beginning. After finishing her second plastic bag purse, Ferrigno realized she needed something to match it with, so last November she told her daughter she was going to make a skirt and jacket suit out of plastic bags, as a winter project. Rosa started by cutting up the plastic bags into strips(条)and then tying them together to make longer, yarn-like strips that could be knitted. But to knit the plastic yarn, she needed large needles that didn’t exist on the market, so she 11 made them on her own. The suit took Rosa two months to complete. The jacket was made out of 170 plastic bags, and the skirt required another 140. Although she didn’t even use a pattern when knitting the impressive suit, it ended up fitting her perfectly, and when she finally showed it off at the supermarket earlier this month, everyone went crazy. “We love it when our customers reuse or recycle grocery bags, but never have we seen a work of art like Rosa ’s! It’s really fantastic! ” Jo Natale, the supermarket chain ’s vice president of media relations, said. 1. What makes Rosa Ferrigno’s new suit special? A. Its unique way of knitting. B. Its unusual knitting material. C. Its being knitted by an old lady. D. Its being able to sing when touched. 【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知, Rosa Ferrigno 的衣服特殊是因为它是 用塑料做成的。故选 B。 2. How did Rosa learn to make purses out of plastic bags? A. By modelling a guest. B. By consulting her daughter. C. By watching YouTube videos. D. By asking a tailor for instructions. 【解析】选 C。细节理解题。根据第二段的. . . she and her daughter searched for instructions on how to make one on YouTube. 可知, 她通过看 YouTube 上面的视频教程学 会怎样做塑料钱包。故选 C。 3. What do Jo Natale’s words in the last paragraph suggest? A. She thinks highly of Rosa’s behavior. B. Rosa’s work of art will become popular. C. The potential of grocery bags needs further developing. D. She thinks all customers should follow Rosa’s footsteps. 【解析】选 A。推理判断题。根据最后一段 Jo Natale 的话可知, Jo Natale 认为 Rosa 的作 12 品太好了。故选 A。 4. What can be inferred about Rosa from the text? A. She does nothing without careful planning. B. She likes showing off her knitting skills. C. She is quite able and patient. D. She is good at matching clothes. 【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据第三、四段 Rosa 做衣服的过程可知,她非常细心且有耐心, 也能干。故选 C。 【知识拓展】佳词积累 1. characteristic　　 adj. 有特点的 2. plastic n. 塑料 3. purse n. 钱包 4. cut up 切碎 5. recycle v. 回收利用