【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit2Healthyeating单元复习学案（21页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit2Healthyeating单元复习学案（21页）

Unit 2 Healthy eating单元复习学案 教 材 面 面 观 单词拓展 ‎1.________n．饮食　________vt.节食 ‎2．________n．平衡　________vt.权衡；平衡　________adj.平衡的 ‎3．________n．好奇心　________adj.好奇的　________adv.好奇地 ‎4．________n．强项　________adj.强壮的　________adv.强壮地　________vt.加强 ‎5．________n．缺点　________adj.虚弱的　________adv.虚弱地　________vt.使变弱 ‎6．________n．利益　________v．有益于；有助于　________adj.有益的 ‎7．________n．界限　________vt.限制；限定　________adj.有限的 ‎8．________vt.咨询；请教　________n．顾问　________n．咨询 ‎9．________vt. & vi.消化　________n．消化　________adj.可消化的 ‎10．________vi.怒目可视 ‎11．________vt. & vi.(使)联合　________n．联合　________adj.可联合的 ‎12．________adj.烤制的 ‎13．________adj.苗条的 ‎14．________adj.生的；未加工的 ‎15．________ n．女主人；女主持人 ‎________ n．主人，主持人 短语回顾 ‎1.a balanced________　　　　　　　　平衡膳食 ‎2．________weight 体重减轻；减肥 ‎3．________away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎4．earn one's________ 谋生 ‎5．spy________ 暗中监视；侦查 ‎6．________long 不久以后 ‎7．be tired________ 对……厌倦、厌烦 ‎8．________all 别忘了，毕竟 ‎9．win...________ 赢回；重新获得 ‎10．________a lie 说谎 ‎11．________debt 欠债 ‎12．cut________ 削减；删节 ‎13．________on weight 增加体重 ‎14．rather________ 而不 ‎15．________at 怒目而视 句型背诵 ‎1.“Nothing could be________，”he thought.‎ 他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了”。‎ ‎2．He could not________Yong Hui________ ________ ________telling people lies！他可不想让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ ‎3．________ ________ ________sit down and try a meal?‎ 你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？‎ ‎4．But don't you think it________ ________ ________if you________a bit thinner？不过，难道你不认为瘦一点更好吗？‎ 自我诊断 单词拓展 ‎1．diet；diet　2.balance；balance；balanced　3.curiosity；curious；curiously　4.strength；strong；strongly；strengthen　5.weakness；weak；weakly；weaken　6.benefit；benefit；beneficial　7.limit；limit；limited　8.consult；consulter；consultation　9.digest；digestion；digestive　10.glare　11.combine；combination；combinative　12.roast　13.slim ‎14．raw　15.hostess; host 短语回顾 ‎1．diet　2.lose　3.get　4.living　5.on　6.before　7.of ‎8．after　9.back　10.tell　11.in　12.down　13.put ‎14．than　15.glare 句型背诵 ‎1．better　2.have；getting away with　3.Why don't you ‎4．would be better；were 考 点 串 串 讲 重点单词 ‎1.balance vt.平衡；权衡 ‎①In order to balance their trade, they would have to buy less goods in the United States.‎ 为了平衡贸易，他们将不得不减少在美国购货。‎ ‎②The judge balanced the contention of both parties and made the final decision.‎ 法官权衡了双方的论点后做出了最终裁决。‎ ‎●用法拓展 balance n．天平；平衡。‎ 常见含balance的短语有：‎ ‎(1)keep balance 保持平衡 ‎(2)lose balance 失去平衡 ‎(3)out of balance 失去平衡 ‎①In what way is a laboratory balance different from a balance found in a store?‎ 实验室的天平与商店里的秤在什么方面有所不同？‎ ‎②The boy lost balance and fell to the ground.‎ 那个孩子失去了平衡，摔倒在地上。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 In order to keep nature ________， they tried their best to protect the wild animals and the forests.‎ A．balance　　　　　　　　B．balancing C．to balance D．balanced 答案：D　‎ ‎2．limit vt.(与to连用)限制；限定　n．限制；限定；边界；界限 ‎●用法拓展 without limit无限地 within limits适度地；有限度地 a limit to...……的限度 go beyond/over the limit超过限度 ‎①Our holidays are limited to two weeks.‎ 我们的假期被限制在两个星期。‎ ‎②The speed limit is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.‎ 限速是允许驾车的最快速度。‎ ‎③I'm willing to help, within limits.‎ 我愿适当予以帮助。‎ ‎④There is a limit to how much I'm prepared to spend.‎ 我准备花多少钱是有限度的。‎ ‎⑤His right as a policeman went beyond the limit.‎ 他的作为超过了警察的职权。‎ ‎●用法拓展 limitation n．限制；局限；缺陷 limited adj.有限的 limitless adj.无限的，无限制的 Looking into the future of our motherland, we see a vista of limitless promise.‎ 展望祖国未来，前景无限美好。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 We must try and ________ our expenditure, for our money is running out.‎ A．use　　B．save C．limit D．get 答案：C　‎ ‎3．diet n．&vi.日常饮食；节食 The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world.‎ 中国的饮食被认为是世界上最健康的饮食。‎ People who are on a diet mustn't have chocolate.‎ 正在节食的人不能吃巧克力。‎ The doctor put him on a liquid diet after operation.‎ 手术后医生规定他吃流食。‎ ‎●用法拓展 go on a diet节食 a vegetable/meat diet素/肉食 diet oneself on vegetables吃素 put sb. on a diet(医生)给某人规定饮食 balanced diet均衡饮食 mixed diet混合膳食 ‎●易混辨析 diet与food diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物。如：‎ The doctor has ordered me a special diet.‎ 医生给我安排了特殊的饮食。‎ food是一般的用语，凡能吃、能喝的具有营养的东西都称为food。如：‎ We must have food to eat and clothes to wear.‎ 我们必须得有食物吃，有衣服穿。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 The girl is on a special________to lose________weight and I hope she can succeed.‎ A．diet；/　　B．food；/‎ C．diet；her D．food；her 答案：A ‎4．combine vi.&vt.(使)结合；(使)联合 The two small shops combined to make a large one.‎ 这两个小店合并起来成为一个大商店。‎ We must combine work with pleasure.‎ 我们必须做到劳逸结合。‎ They combined their efforts to finish the work.‎ 他们联合力量来完成工作。‎ ‎●用法拓展 be combined with与……结合着 combine education with recreation寓教于乐 combined adj.结合的，联合的 combinable adj.可结合的，可联合的 ‎●易混辨析 combine，connect，join与unite 这四个词都可以表示“联合，连接”的意思，但各有不同。‎ combine意为“结合，联合”，指为了某一目的而把两事物结合在一起。如：‎ We must combine theory with practice.‎ 我们必须把理论与实践结合起来。‎ connect意为“连接”，指用东西把两个事物连到一起，或两个事物直接相连，二者仍保持原状。如：‎ He connected the gas stove with gas pipe.‎ 他把煤气管接在煤气炉上。‎ join意为“连接”，指用线、绳、桥等把两个事物或两地连接起来，和connect意思相近，也可指两事物互相紧密相接。如：‎ We had better join the island to the mainland with a steel bridge.‎ 我们最好建一座钢筋桥把这个岛与大陆连接起来。‎ unite意为“联合”，指两种以上的事物结合为一体，有“合二为一”的意思，强调结合后的统一性。如：‎ The whole family united to help him.‎ 全家齐心协力帮助他。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①Let's________my scientific knowledge and your business skills and start a company.‎ A．combine B．put C．connect D．unite ‎②The two schools are to________to form one big new school.‎ A．separate B．mix C．combine D．connect 答案：①A　②C　‎ ‎5．prepare vt.准备；制作 Our physics teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office.‎ 我进办公室时，我们的物理老师在备课。‎ Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen while father was watching TV.‎ 妈妈在做饭，而爸爸在看电视。‎ They prepared to have a gettogether during the summer holiday.‎ 他们决定暑假聚会。‎ ‎●用法拓展 prepare sb. sth.＝prepare.sth.for sb.给……准备……‎ prepare for sth.为……做准备 prepare sb.for sth.使某人对某事有所准备 be prepared for sth.(或to do sth.)(从思想上)为……做好准备。‎ in preparation for准备……‎ make preparations for为……做准备 The secretary worked late into the night，preparing a speech for the manager.‎ 秘书工作到深夜，给经理准备一个讲话稿。‎ Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.‎ 抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。‎ She said so because she wanted to prepare her father for the bad news.‎ 她这样说是想让爸爸对此事有所准备。‎ We are getting things together in preparation for the journey.‎ 我们在收拾东西准备旅行。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①John shut everybody out of the kitchen so that he could________his grand surprise for the party.‎ A．prepare B．prepare for C．prepare with D．prepare at ‎②—Are you busy now?‎ ‎—Yes，I am busy________the coming exam.‎ A．to prepare B．preparing C．to prepare for D．preparing for 答案：①A　②D　‎ ‎6．benefit n．好处；益处 The new railway will be a great benefit to the people living here.‎ 新建的铁路将给住在这里的人带来好处。‎ I want to buy the dictionary because it is of much benefit to me.‎ 我想买这本字典，因为对我大有益处。‎ ‎●用法拓展 benefit vi.从……获益，常和介词from或by连用；vt.对……有益；使……受益。‎ Please go to the country.I think the fresh air there will benefit you.‎ 请到乡下去，我认为那里新鲜的空气会对你有益的。‎ He told me that he benefited from daily exercise.‎ 他告诉我他受益于每天的锻炼。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①The doctor asked him to translate the book into Chinese so that it can________more disabled people in China.‎ A．benefit B．benefit from C．benefit in D．benefit with ‎②—It snowed heavily last night.‎ ‎—So it did.I think the wheat will________it.‎ A．benefit B．benefit from C．benefit in D．benefit with 答案：①A　②B　‎ ‎7．strength n．力；力量；力气 ‎●用法拓展 at full strength全员；满额 under/below strength不足额；未全部到场的 in strength大量地；大批地 on the strength of受……的鼓励；由于……的影响 go from strength to strength不断壮大；越来越强 ‎●易混辨析 energy，power，force与strength energy指人的精力，活力或自然界的能量。‎ The task will take an enormous amount of time and energy.‎ 完成那项任务需要大量的时间和精力。‎ power指做一件事所依靠的能力，也可指权力，权势，职权。‎ Congress has power to declare war.‎ 国会有权宣战。‎ force物的力；军事力量；武力。‎ The force of the explosion broke all the windows.‎ 爆炸力把窗子都震碎了。‎ strength人的体力；力气；物的强度。‎ A washing machine is a saver of time and strength.‎ 洗衣机是一种省时省力的机器。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas，wind and other forms of________.‎ ‎②The________of the government has increased greatly over the past century.‎ ‎③Gandhi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles，not by________.‎ ‎④Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his________.‎ 答案：①energy　②power　③force　④strength ‎8．consult vt.&vi.请教；向……咨询；与人商量；查阅 ‎●用法拓展 consult sb./sth. about sth.关于某事请教某人；查阅(资料)‎ consult with sb.与某人商量，与某人磋商 即境活用 单项填空 I suggest you________your doctor________your stomachache.‎ A．consulting；about B．consult；with C．consulting；with D．consult；about 答案：D　suggest后跟从句时需用虚拟语气，所以排除A、C两项；consult sb. about sth.意为“关于某事请教某人”，所以D项正确。‎ 重点短语 ‎1.in debt欠债 This young couple is always in debt because they never consider their incomes before buying something.‎ 这对年轻夫妇总是负债，因为他们在买东西时从不考虑自己的收入。‎ He has a lot of old debts to meet.‎ 他有许多旧债要偿付。‎ ‎●用法拓展 get/run into debt欠债 get out of debt还债 pay off one's debt偿清债务 pay a debt to sb.还某人债 即境活用 单项填空 He was________when he was poor，but he has been________since he got rich.‎ A．in debt；out of debt B．out of debt；in debt C．in the debt；out of the debt D．out of the debt；in the debt 答案：A　‎ ‎2．before long不久以后 It looks as if it will rain before long.‎ 看起来一会儿就要下雨了。‎ His plan seemed to be too difficult，but before long it proved to be practicable.‎ 他的计划看起来太困难，但是没多久就被证明是很实用。‎ I hope to write to you before long.‎ 我希望不久就能给你写信。‎ ‎●用法拓展 long before很久以前 ever after从此以后(用于一般过去时)‎ ever since从此以后(用于现在完成时)‎ ‎●易混辨析 before long与long before before long是“不久以后”的意思，可用于任何时态。如：‎ At the time I had fully expected to find work before long.‎ 那个时候我还一心盼望不久就可找到工作。‎ long before是“很久以前”的意思。单独使用，一般用在过去完成时的句子里。‎ She said she had seen the film long before.‎ 她说她很久以前就看过这部电影。‎ 即境活用 翻译句子 ‎①他很快也能用英语谈论政治了。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎②曾经报道过很久以前该地区暴发过一次这样的疾病。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：①Before long he would be able to talk about politics in English.‎ ‎②It was reported that the disease had broken out in this area long before.‎ ‎3．have sb. doing sth.‎ It is not a good idea to have the machine running all the time.‎ 让机器不停地运转不是个好主意。‎ I won't have you doing that kind of thing again.‎ 我决不允许你再做那样的事情。‎ ‎●用法拓展 have sth. done请人做某事；遭受 have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 have sth. to do有事情要做 When Mary's brother was riding a bike in the street，he had his arm hurt.‎ 玛丽的弟弟在街上骑车时胳膊受了伤。‎ Tom broke the school rules and the teacher had him stand outside the classroom.‎ 汤姆违反了学校的规章制度，老师让他站在教室外面。‎ ‎—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?‎ ‎—Sorry，but I have an important meeting to attend.‎ ‎——今天晚上你和我一起去看足球赛好吗？‎ ‎——对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①People living near the airports often have their windows________by the noise of the planes passing overhead.‎ A．break B．broke C．breaking D．broken ‎②How funny your friend is！He had us________all through the meal.‎ A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughed D．laughing 答案：①D　②D　‎ ‎4．cut down砍倒(树木)；砍伐；削减；删节；使降价 He cut down a tree with an axe.‎ 他用斧头把树砍倒。‎ The doctor told me to cut down smoking.‎ 医生要我减少吸烟。‎ I managed to cut the shopkeeper down to $100 for the sweater.‎ 我跟店主杀价，终于把这件毛衣降到100美元。‎ ‎●用法拓展 cut down on减少……的量 cut in插嘴，插入 cut off切断，砍掉；中断，隔断 cut up切碎 cut out剪下；戒除(坏习惯等)‎ 即境活用 单项填空 The government has announced plans to ________ defence(防卫) spending by 10% next year.‎ A．turn up　　B．cut down C．turn down D．turn up 答案：B　‎ ‎5．earn one's living 谋生 Everyone has to try to earn his living when he grows up.‎ 每个人长大后都得自食其力。‎ She earns her living as a writer.‎ 她靠写作维持生计。‎ His father earns a living by driving.‎ 他父亲靠开车谋生。‎ ‎●用法拓展 make a/one's living谋生 make a good living过优裕的生活 What do you do for a living？＝What is your job?‎ 你靠什么生活？‎ living standards生活水平 即境活用 单项填空 Most people in the city ________ by working in the car factory.‎ A．make a life　　　　　　　　B．earn their living C．have their living D．make their livings 答案：B　‎ ‎6．tired of sb./sth. 对……厌倦 I'm tired of your conversation.‎ 你的讲话我听腻了。‎ I grow tired of asking this, so it'll be the last time.‎ 我已厌烦了问这个问题，所以这是最后一次。‎ Students will get tired of listening to so much explanation of grammatical rules in class.‎ 课堂上语法规则讲得太多，学生们会感到厌倦的。‎ ‎(用get或grow表示过程)‎ ‎●用法拓展 be/get tired with/from因……感到疲劳、劳累 tire sb. out使某人疲劳不堪，筋疲力尽 tiring adj.令人疲劳的 tireless adj.孜孜不倦的 tiresome adj.令人厌烦的，烦人的 即境活用 单项填空 The man finally got ________ sitting in an office all day, and longed for a more active life.‎ A．interested in　B．tired of C．pleased at D．satisfied with 答案：B　‎ ‎7．get away with(不用被动语态)不因某事受惩罚；偷携某物潜逃；受到(较轻的惩罚)‎ ‎①If you cheat in the exam you'll never get away with it.‎ 考试作弊必予追究。‎ ‎②For such a serious offence he was lucky to get away with a fine.‎ 他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交罚款了事。‎ ‎●用法拓展 get about走动；(消息等)传开 get along with(与人)相处；(事情)进展 get away from逃离 get back返回；取回 get down to doing sth.开始做某事，着手做某事 get sb. down使某人沮丧或情绪低落 get in进入；收获；插话 get off下车；脱下(衣服等)‎ get on上车 get on with进步，进展；相处 get out of摆脱，从……中出来 get over从(疾病、失望等)中恢复过来；克服(困难)；解决(问题等)‎ get rid of摆脱，去掉 get through通过，打通(电话)；干完(工作)，完成(任务)；度过(时间)；通过(考试)‎ get together聚焦 get up起床；起立 ‎①Minicabs make it easier for people to get about.‎ 微型出租汽车使人们往来各处更为便利了。‎ ‎②Did your son get along well with other kids?‎ 你的儿子与其他同学相处和睦吗？‎ ‎ ③You must get down to your studies this year.‎ 你今年要好好学习。‎ ‎④I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty.‎ 我认为问题不太难解决。‎ ‎⑤I've got through a lot of correspondence today.‎ 今天我处理了一大批信件。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 You'll not ________ your homework today if you don't hurry up.‎ A．get off　　　　　　　　B．get back C．get through D．get in 答案：C　‎ ‎8．lose weight减肥；体重减轻 Why don't you give up sweets to lose weight?‎ 你为什么不放弃吃甜食来减少体重？‎ ‎●用法拓展 lose one's way迷路 be lost in全神贯注于；沉湎于 lose an opportunity错过机会 lose one's train没赶上火车 lose no time刻不容缓 lose heart失去信心 ‎①It is so easy to lose one's way in the woods.‎ 在森林里很容易迷失方向。‎ ‎②He is lost in reading a book.‎ 他沉迷于读书中。‎ ‎③You mustn't lose heart, sooner or later your work will succeed.‎ 你一定不要失去信心，你的工作迟早会成功的。‎ ‎●特别提醒 lose weight的反义词组是put on weight“增加体重”。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 The scientist was ________ in thoughts.‎ A．deeply　　　　　　　　B．stuck C．got D．lost 答案：D　‎ 重点句式 ‎1.What could have happened?‎ 发生了什么事？‎ ‎●用法拓展 could have happened在此处表示对过去情况的一种推测。could表示可能性，常用于否定句或疑问句中，表示推测。‎ ‎—Do you know where David is？I couldn't find him anywhere.‎ 你知道大卫在哪儿吗？我到处都找不到他。‎ ‎—He couldn't have gone far—his coat is still here.‎ 他不可能走太远，他的外套还在这儿呢。‎ He couldn't have caught the 9：20 train because he didn't leave home till 9：25.‎ 他肯定赶不上九点二十的那趟列车，因为他九点二十五分才离开家。‎ ‎●注意 ‎(1)在肯定句中表示对过去情况的推测时，不用此结构，而是用must have done。如：‎ Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.‎ 要是李昌不像往常那样到他餐馆里吃饭，那问题一定很严重了。‎ It is wet outside on the ground.It must have rained last night.‎ 外面地上很湿，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。‎ ‎(2)could have done还有“本来能够做”的意思，表示实际并没有去做这件事，只是一种假设或者虚拟的语气。如：‎ He paid for a seat when he could have entered for free.‎ 他本来可以免费进场，但是他还是买了票。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①It________have been more than six years old when the accident happened.‎ A．shouldn't B．couldn't C．mustn't D．needn't ‎②Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon.She________in her classroom.‎ A．should have been B．must have been C．must be D．should be 答案：①B　②B　‎ ‎2．Why don't you sit down and try a meal?‎ 你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？‎ ‎●用法拓展 Why don't you...？＝Why not do...?‎ 为什么不……？常用来提出建议。‎ Why don't you/Why not give her another chance?‎ 为什么不再给她次机会呢？‎ Why don't you/Why not ask the teacher for help?‎ 为什么不向老师寻求帮助呢？‎ ‎●用法拓展 ‎①Why do...？为什么……呢？常用来提出责难或表示不同意。‎ ‎②Why not？为什么不？在简略回答中表示同意。‎ Why give him so much money that day?‎ 那天为什么给他那么多钱呢？‎ ‎—Shall we go to the cinema this evening?‎ ‎——我们今晚去看电影好吗？‎ ‎—Why not？Let's start at 6.‎ ‎——好啊，我们六点出发。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 If you can't work out the problem this time，________another method?‎ A．why not to try B．why not try C．why don't try D．why not trying 答案：B ‎3．Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.‎ 王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。‎ ‎●用法拓展 feeling very frustrated是现在分词短语作伴随状语。‎ 分词作状语的基本原则：‎ ‎(1)分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。‎ ‎(2)分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能用分词作状语。‎ ‎①He sat at the table reading China Daily.‎ 他坐在桌子旁边看《中国日报》。‎ ‎②Laughing and talking, they went into the room.‎ 他们有说有笑地走进房间。‎ ‎●用法拓展 单个分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可以由连词when或者while引出。一般来说，如果分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动作(几乎)同时发生，或发生于主句谓语动词之后，通常用分词的一般式；如果分词所表示的动作发生于主句谓语动词之前，通常用分词的完成式。‎ ‎①Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there.‎ 从窗户望出去，我看见几个学生在那儿玩。‎ ‎②She asked me to help her, realizing that she couldn't move the heavy suitcase alone.‎ 她请我帮忙，因为她意识到她一个人搬不动那个沉重的衣箱。‎ ‎ ③Given more time, we could have done it better.‎ 如果多给我们些时间，我们会做得更好。‎ ‎④He came running back to tell me the news.‎ 他跑回来告诉我这个消息。‎ ‎⑤European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.‎ 八十个国家踢的都是欧式足球，这使得它成为世界上最普及的一项体育运动。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ________that all children like these things.‎ A．thinking　B．think C．to think D．thought ‎②________ for several times, Linda made up her mind not ________ for school.‎ A．Being scolded; late B．To have been scolded; being late C．To be scolded; be late D．Having been scolded; to be late 答案：①A　②D　‎ ‎4．“Nothing could be better，”he thought.‎ 他想，“再没有比这些更好吃的了”。‎ ‎●用法拓展 ‎“nothing＋比较级”句式表达最高级意义。‎ I like nothing better.(＝It's the best thing I like.)‎ 这是我最喜欢的东西。‎ ‎●用法拓展 用比较级表示最高级意义的常见句型有：‎ ‎(1)比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词/any of the other＋复数名词/any of the others/anyone else/anybody else/anything else/all the others/all the other＋复数名词 ‎(2)No other＋单数名词/No one/None/Nobody＋比较级＋than...‎ ‎(3)主语＋否定式谓语(含not或never)＋比较级 ‎①He studies harder than any other student in our class.‎ 他是班里学习最用功的学生。‎ ‎②No other student in the class is taller than he.‎ 他是班里最高的同学。‎ ‎③It can't be worse.(＝It's the worst thing I've ever known.)‎ 这是(我知道的)最糟糕的事情。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①—What do you think of the boy's painting?‎ ‎—I've never seen a person with ________ sense of art.‎ A．the better　　　　　　　　B．a better C．a good D．the best ‎②He works ________ than all the other students in his class.‎ A．harder B．the harder C．hardest D．the hardest 答案：①B　②A　‎ ‎5．He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!‎ 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ ‎●用法拓展 have作“使、让”解释时的句型归纳：‎ have＋宾语＋v.ing＝get＋宾语＋v.ing听任某人/某物……‎ have＋宾语＋动词原形＝get＋宾语＋to do让某人做某事 have＋宾语＋v.ed＝get＋宾语＋v.ed请别人做某事 ‎①His father had him studying the whole morning.‎ 一上午他父亲都让他在学习。‎ ‎②I would have him wait for me at the gate of the park.‎ 我要他在公园门口等我。‎ ‎③We had the machine repaired.‎ 我们请人把机器修好了。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 They are going to have the serviceman ________ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.‎ A．install　　　　　　　　B．to install C．to be installed D．installed 答案：A　‎ ‎6．But don't you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?‎ 不过，难道你不认为瘦一点更好吗？‎ ‎●用法拓展 ‎①表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”，主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。‎ If I were you，I should study English.‎ 如果我是你，我就学英语。‎ If he had time，he would attend the meeting.‎ 如果他有时间，他会参加会议的。‎ ‎②表示与将来事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形/过去式”，主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。‎ If it should/were to rain tomorrow，I would not go there.‎ 万一明天下雨，我就不到那里去。‎ If he were to come and help me，I would certainly accept it.‎ 如果他来帮助我，我会接受的。‎ ‎③表示与过去事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“had＋动词过去分词”，主句中用“would/should/could/might＋have＋动词过去分词”。‎ If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't have failed in the examination.‎ 如果你听从了我的劝告，你就不会考试不及格了。‎ If you had been here earlier，you would have seen him.‎ 如果你早点来的话，你就见到他了。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①________your letter，I would have started off two days ago.‎ A．If I could have received B．If I received C．Should I receive D．Had I received ‎②________I would not have finished my job.‎ A．If it were not for your help B．If I don't have your help C．If it hadn't been for your help D．If it didn't for your help 答案：①D　由主句时态可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以条件句中谓语动词用过去完成时，虚拟条件句中若要省略if，则要把助动词were，should或had提到句首。故选项D正确。‎ ‎②C　由主句时态可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故if从句应用过去完成时态，只有C项符合要求。‎ 知 能 层 层 练 一、单项填空 ‎1．I, as a green worker, should ________ the experienced about the matters that I am not familiar with.‎ A．consult　　　　　　　　　　　B．discuss C．talk D．recommend 答案：A 解析：consult意为“咨询；请教”，consult sb. about sth.“向某人请教/咨询某事”，符合题意。‎ ‎2．On account of the development of the economy, the environment is seriously polluted and we must ________ the emission of the carbon dioxide.‎ A．cut in B．cut off C．cut up D．cut down 答案：D 解析：cut down“减少；削减”，相当于reduce。‎ ‎3．In cultivating our students, we should ________ the teaching with the recreation.‎ A．attach B．relate C．combine D．join 答案：C 解析：combine...with...意为“把……和……相结合”，此处指寓教于乐。attach, relate和join都多与to搭配。‎ ‎4．—Can I pay the bill by check?‎ ‎—Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment ________ be made in cash.‎ A．shall B．need C．will D．can 答案：A 解析：shall用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人对对方的许诺、命令、威胁或警告。‎ ‎5．Usually there is a speed ________ of 30 km/h in towns or villages.‎ A．level B．standard C．limit D．degree 答案：C 解析：a speed limit“时速限制”符合题意。level“水平；标准”；standard“标准”；degree“度数；学位”。‎ ‎6．—Hi, David! How was your trip to Beijing?‎ ‎—Wonderful! I had never had ________ holiday in my life.‎ A．a most exciting B．a more exciting C．the most excited D．the more excited 答案：B 解析：形容词或副词的比较级与否定词连用可表示最高级概念，排除A、C两项；excited“激动的”，常用于修饰人，exciting“令人激动的”，常用于修饰物，故B项正确。‎ ‎7．They met some trouble solving that problem. Things didn't ________ as smoothly as they had expected.‎ A．work B．get C．run D．go 答案：D 解析：go用做不及物动词，意为“进行，进展”。work“奏效”，产生预期的效果(作用)，不能被smoothly修饰；get“得到；收到”；run“发生”，通常用于进行时态。‎ ‎8．—You must get excited about going to France to study oil painting.‎ ‎—________， but I'm afraid I can't do well because my French is too poor.‎ A．I don't know yet B．Certainly not C．Well, I ought to have D．All right 答案：C 解析：ought to相当于should，其后省略了got excited。‎ ‎9．If you just spend time ________ advantages and disadvantages, you may get nothing in the end.‎ A．matching B．balancing C．observing D．examining 答案：B 解析：balance advantages and disadvantages意为“权衡利弊”。‎ ‎10．—Why don't we hold a party to celebrate the achievements gained by our Olympic players?‎ ‎—________‎ A．Because we haven't got enough preparations.‎ B．Good idea!‎ C．It's all because of the terrible weather.‎ D．Not all would like to attend it.‎ 答案：B 解析：Why don't you/we do sth.？表示给某人建议，所以选项B表示同意别人的说话或提议。‎ 二、根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。(每空一词)‎ ‎1．修建这条铁路给我们省带来了许多好处。‎ Building the railway has already brought ________ ________ ________ our province.‎ ‎2．我宁愿步行也不愿乘公共汽车。‎ I prefer to walk ________ ________ ________ a bus.‎ ‎3．他曾经以卖蔬菜谋生。‎ He used to ________ ________ ________ by selling vegetables.‎ ‎4．这两家餐馆合并成了一家更好的餐馆。‎ The two restaurants ________ ________ make a better one.‎ ‎5．昨天他们把旧报纸扔掉了。‎ They ________ ________ the old newspapers yesterday.‎ ‎6．他因为公司经营不善而负债累累。‎ He was ________ ________ ________ because he didn't run his company well.‎ ‎7．我们队决心明年赢回这个奖项。‎ Our team has decided to ________ ________ the prize next year.‎ ‎8．如果你能把这一段删去，这篇文章会更好。‎ If you can ________ ________ this paragraph, this passage will be better.‎ ‎9．我能付得起的钱是有限的。‎ There is ________ ________ ________ the amount of money I can afford.‎ ‎10．我想我们应该向教授请教这个问题。‎ I think we should ________ the professor ________ the question.‎ 答案：1.many benefits to　2.rather than take　3.make a living　4.combined to　5.threw away　6.heavily in debt ‎7．win back 　8.cut down　9.a limit to　10.consult; about 三、每空填一词，使上下两句的意思相同或相近 ‎1．What could have happened?‎ What could have ________ ________？‎ ‎2．I'm sure something terrible has happened to her.‎ Something terrible ________ ________ ________ to her.‎ ‎3．I told him a lie about what I was doing.‎ I ________ ________ him about what I was doing.‎ ‎4．It seemed that he didn't understand what I said just now.‎ He didn't ________ ________ understand what I said just now.‎ ‎5．Why don't you sit down and try a meal?‎ Why ________ ________ down and try a meal?‎ 答案：1.taken place　2.must have happened　3.lied to ‎4．seem to　5.not sit 四、根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子 ‎1．自从去年以来他的体重增加了不少。(put on weight)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．他们造成了严重的交通事故却没受惩罚。(get away with)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．大夫让我少抽烟、少喝酒。(cut down)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．在被允许参加这个活动前，你最好和你的父母商量一下。(you'd better)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．他们没有打架，只是站在那儿怒视着对方。(glare at)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．凭会员卡，您购物可以享受打折。(discount)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.He has put on a lot of weight since last year.‎ ‎2．They got away with having caused the serious traffic accident.‎ ‎3．The doctor told me to cut down smoking and drinking.‎ ‎4．You'd better consult(with)your parents before you are allowed to join in the activity.‎ ‎5．They didn't fight, but stood there glaring at each other.‎ ‎6．On your membership card, you will receive a discount on purchases.‎ 语 法 路 路 通 高考语法专题五　连　词 知识清单 一、并列连词 ‎1．表示并列承接关系：and, both...and..., not only...but also..., neither...nor..., when等。‎ ‎2．表示转折、对比关系：but, yet，while等。‎ ‎3．表示因果关系：for等。‎ ‎4．表示选择关系：or, either...or...等。‎ 二、从属连词 ‎5．引导时间状语从句：when, as, until, before等。‎ ‎6．引导地点状语从句：where, wherever等。‎ ‎7．引导原因状语从句：because, since, as, now that等。‎ ‎8．引导条件状语从句：if, unless, when, as long as等。‎ ‎9．引导目的状语从句：in order that, so that等。‎ ‎10．引导让步状语从句：although, though, even if/though, as, while等。‎ ‎11．引导结果状语从句：so, so/such...that..., so that等。‎ ‎12．引导名词性从句：that, if, whether等。‎ ‎13．引导方式状语从句：as, as if/though等。‎ 三、常用连词用法辨析 ‎14．when, while, as ‎①when引导的从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生；动词可以用延续性的也可用非延续性的。‎ ‎②while引导的从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生，只能用延续性动词。‎ ‎③as强调主从句动作同时发生，用延续性动词。‎ ‎15．because, since, as, for ‎①because表示直接原因，语气最强，常用来回答why提出的问句。‎ ‎②since表示对方已经知道的原因，语气比because弱，引导的从句一般位于主句前面。‎ ‎③as表示十分明显的原因，语气比since弱，引导的从句常位于主句前面。‎ ‎④for表示逻辑上的理由，语气最弱，只是对前面的内容加以解释或推断，连接的分句只能位于句尾，前面用逗号隔开。‎ ‎16．so...that, such...that...结构 ‎①so＋形容词/副词＋that从句 ‎②so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that从句 ‎③such＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that从句 ‎④such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that从句 ‎17．as, though, although as和though引导让步状语从句时，从句中的表语、状语和谓语部分的实义动词需提前至句首。although和though都不可以与but连用，但可以和yet或still连用。‎ ‎18．疑问词ever, no matter＋疑问词 前者可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句；但后者只能引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎19．and, or ‎“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示“如果……就会……”；“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”表示“……否则……”。‎ 专题专练 ‎1.(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird.‎ A．when　　　　　　　　　　B．if C．and D．till 答案：A 解析：考查连词用法。句意：汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。本句是“Sb. was about to do sth. when...”结构，表示“某人正要做某事，这时突然……”。‎ ‎2．(2010·陕西卷)John thinks it won't be long ________ he is ready for his new job.‎ A．when B．after C．before D．since 答案：C 解析：考查连词辨析。约翰认为要不了多久他就会为新工作做好准备的。before在此处表示两件事情发生相隔时间之长或之短。表示相隔时间之长时，常被翻译成“过了/要过……后才”，表示相隔时间之短时常被翻译成“还没/未/要不了多久就……”。 ‎ ‎3．(2010·重庆卷)Today, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.‎ A．when B．where C．how D．what 答案：B 解析：考查状语从句。where在此处引导地点状语从句。‎ ‎4．(2010·山东卷)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ________ accompanied by an adult.‎ A．once B．when C．if D．unless 答案：D 解析：考查连词。语意为：校规规定，任何孩子在白天都不允许出校门，除非有大人陪同，所以选unless。‎ ‎5．(2010·湖南卷)Tim is in good shape physically ________ he doesn't get much exercise.‎ A．if B．even though C．unless D．as long as 答案：B 解析：考查从属连词。even though意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句。语意：尽管Tim锻炼得并不多，但他的身材保持得很好。‎ ‎6．(2010·四川卷)Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break ________ she got to her office.‎ A．since B．that C．when D．until 答案：C 解析：考查状语从句。when引导时间状语从句。句意：因为交通拥挤，当她到达办公室时已是午休时间了。‎ ‎7．(2010·新课标全国卷)Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal.‎ A．so that B．although C．while D．as if 答案：C 解析：考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：趁客人们正在吃饭，玛丽煮好了咖啡。while表示“在……期间”，符合语意。因此答案为C。‎ ‎8．(2010·辽宁卷)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ________ he wanted to sit next to his wife.‎ A．although B．unless C．because D．if 答案：C 解析：考查连词辨析。语意为：那个老人让Lucy去坐另一张椅子，因为他想挨着他妻子坐。后面的从句表示原因，故填because。‎ ‎9．(2010·浙江卷)—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?‎ ‎—OK，________ you want.‎ A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whoever 答案：C 解析：考查情景交际。——周末野营怎么样，换换口味？——好的，你想干啥咱就干啥。此处whatever表示“无论什么”，作want的宾语，故选C项。‎ ‎10．(2010·湖南卷)________the police thought he was the most likely one，since they had no exact proof about it，they could not arrest him.‎ A．Although B．As long as C．If only D．As soon as 答案：A 解析：选项A表示让步；选项B表示条件；选项C表示虚拟条件；选项D表示时间。由前后意思可知这里为让步关系，故答案选A。‎ ‎11．John plays basketball well，________his favorite sport is badminton.‎ A．so B．or C．yet D．for 答案：C 解析：考查连词的用法。前半句提到John的篮球打得很棒，后半句的意思是他最喜欢的运动是羽毛球，由此可知空格处表示的是转折关系。‎ ‎12．The weather was__________cold that I didn't like to leave my room.‎ A．really B．such C．too D．so 答案：D 解析：本题考查了so...that...的句型。整个句意为：天气是那样的冷以至于我不想离开我的房间。‎ ‎13．Stand over there__________you'll be able to see the oil painting better.‎ A．but B．till C．and D．or 答案：C 解析：此题考查了一个常见句型：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，前面的祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，后面的陈述句相当于一个表示结果的主句。‎ ‎14．It was a rather boring class, ________ the part about using data was quite useful.‎ A．and B．but C．for D．so 答案：B 解析：根据题干中的a rather boring class和the part...was quite useful可知前后句之间是转折关系，故用表转折关系的but。‎ ‎15．Jiuzhai Valley is far from big cities. ________， it attracts people from all over the country for its beautiful scenery.‎ A．Still B．Besides C．Though D．Therefore 答案：A 解析：A项“更；尽管如此”；B项“除……之外”；C项“尽管”；D项“因此”。句意：九寨沟远离大城市，尽管如此，它美丽的风景吸引了全国各地的游客。故A项符合题意。‎ ‎16．—Mr. Smith, you are wanted on the phone.‎ ‎—Thank you. ________ no one knows I'm here.‎ A．For B．And C．But D．So 答案：C 解析：第一句说“有你的电话”，答语表示感谢的同时说，不过没人知道“我”在这儿。选项A和D常表因果关系；B项表并列关系；C项表转折关系，根据语境知C项正确。‎ ‎17．Wear your coat ________ you'll catch cold.‎ A．and B．so C．or D．but 答案：C 解析：穿上外套否则你会感冒的。A项表结果；B项“因此；那么”；C项“否则”；D项表转折。根据句意知C项正确。‎ ‎18．—Hi, David, I heard you had an accident this morning.‎ ‎—Yes. Luckily, I hit the brakes in time ________ I would be injured badly.‎ A．and B．but C．or D．so 答案：C 解析：联系语境知，“幸运的是我及时刹闸了，否则将严重受伤”。A项表并列关系；B项表转折关系；C项“或者，否则”；D项表因果。故C项正确。‎ ‎19．It may be very hard to pass the test, ________ I'll take the chance.‎ A．so B．but C．and D．or 答案：B 解析：句意：通过这次测试也许很难，但我还是想碰碰运气。前后句之间构成转折关系，故B项正确。‎ ‎20．The children soon lost their way, ________ they had never been in the forest alone before.‎ A．but B．and C．so D．for 答案：D 解析：句意：孩子们很快就迷路了，因为他们以前从未单独去过森林。只有for可以表示提出原因。故D项正确。‎ ‎21．—Peter told me he wanted to come with us. Is it OK for you?‎ ‎—I don't mind ________ he pays for his meals.‎ A．as far as B．as well as C．as long as D．as soon as 答案：C 解析：A项“远到”；B项“也”；C项“只要”；D项“一……就”。联系语境知，只要他给自己买单，我不会介意的，故C项正确。‎ ‎22．It really seemed ages ________ the police came on the scene and cleared away the damaged cars.‎ A．before B．after C．when D．as 答案：A 解析：on the scene“出现；到场”。句意：过了很长时间后，警察才到场清理受损车辆。故A项正确。‎ ‎23．The girl still remembers that she was too nervous ________ she gave a speech in the face of such a big crowd.‎ A．at the first time B．the first time C．for the first time D．at first 答案：B 解析：句意：女孩仍然记着第一次当着那么多的人演讲时她太紧张了。“the＋序数词＋time”，序数词包括first, second, third, fourth等，意为“当第几次……的时候”。这类名词结构可作从属连词，多用于引导时间状语从句。故B项正确。‎ ‎24．________ I'm into the video game, it's hard to think of anything else. All my focus is on finishing the story line.‎ A．Unless B．Once C．Whether D．Although 答案：B 解析：由语境知，一旦我迷上了电子游戏，很难考虑别的事情。此处是一个条件状语从句，unless相当于if not，与题意不相符。‎ ‎25．Each of us, ________ old or young, is a valuable member of society.‎ A．however B．whenever C．whoever D．whatever 答案：A 解析：A项是副词，“无论如何；不管怎样”，后接形容词或副词；B项“无论何时”；C项是代词，“任何人”；D项“无论何事”。句意：我们每个人，无论老幼，都是社会的有用之才。故A项正确。‎ ‎26．The workers all sucked up to him, ________he was the one that decided who would get the bonus.‎ A．and B．for C．so D．or 答案：B 解析：句意：工人们全都向他献媚，因为他是决定谁能拿到奖金的人。for可用作并列连词，表示“原因”，前面常用逗号与另一分句隔开。‎ ‎27．Maybe he'll give you a few dollars to buy your popcorn ________ you go to the movies.‎ A．at the moment B．for the next time C．the next time D．by the next time 答案：C 解析：句意：或许在你下次去看电影的时候他会给你几美元，让你买些爆玉米花的。the next time下一次，此处用作连词。注意：名词短语the first time, the moment, the second, the minute, the week, the month, the year与副词immediately, instantly也有相似的用法。‎ ‎28．Stick to what you think is right, ________ you will gain a surprising ‎ ending.‎ A．and B．but C．before D．so 答案：A 解析：逗号前后为两个完整的句子，因此确定空格处为连词，又从两句话的逻辑关系可以判断答案为A。‎ ‎29．Start applying yourself to your study right now ________ you are sure to go far in life.‎ A．or B．so C．that D．and 答案：D 解析：空格前后为两个完整的句子，因此此处需要一个连词。or表示一种转折关系，与句意不符，因此答案选D。‎ ‎30．—What do you and Jane usually do when you have no classes?‎ ‎—I enjoy traveling with friends, ________ Jane likes reading at home.‎ A．but B．and C．while D．though 答案：C 解析：两个分句间是一种对比的关系，因此答案为C。‎