【英语】2018届人教版必修2一轮复习：Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元教案设计（28页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修2一轮复习：Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元教案设计（28页）

‎2018届人教版必修2一轮复习：Unit 4 Wildlife protection单元教案设计 Ｉ. 单元教学目标 技能目标Skill Goals Talk about ways to protect the environment Talk about wildlife endangerment Review Direct and Indirect Speech Write about causes and effects Make a poster Ⅱ.目标语言 功能句式 Causes and effects Why?‎ Because of ... , I...‎ As a result of ...‎ I will use ...‎ Because/As/ Since ...‎ If ... , then ...‎ It follows that ...‎ It will lead to ...‎ 词 汇 ‎1．四会词 fur, Tibetan, lead, jungle, wolf, giraffe, environmental, act, measure, original, battery, devote, common, valuable, reduce, respond, amount, package, packaging, harmful, flat, material, poster, attractive, topic, organize, brief ‎ ‎2.认读词汇 antelope, endanger, hippo, kangaroo, Steve Jones, Birmingham, species, endangerment, habitat, adapt, Jennifer, Stevenson, ecosystem, soda, graph ‎3.词组 in danger, die out, as a result of, lead to, take measure, adapt to, make a difference, devote ...to, at present, set free, in the wild, throw away, keep...from, first of all, end up as, do...without... ‎ ‎4.重点词汇 lead, measure, devote, reduce, jungle, tour, environment, act, devote, common, amount, harmful, material, package, topic 语 法 Review Direct and Indirect Speech ‎1. Reporting statements ‎“I am writing an article about animals in zoos,” the reporter said.‎ The reporter said that he was writing an article about animals in zoos.‎ ‎2.Reporting yes-no questions ‎“Do you like living in the zoo?” the reporter asked the kangaroo.‎ The reporter asked the kangaroo if he liked living in the zoo.‎ ‎3.Reporting wh-questions ‎“How long have you lived in the zoo?” the reporter asked the hippo.‎ The reporter asked the hippo how long he had lived in the zoo.‎ ‎4.Reporting commands and requests ‎“Please tell me more about the advantages and disadvantages of living in the zoo,” the reporter said to the giraffe.‎ The reporter asked the giraffe to tell him more about the advantages and disadvantages of living in the zoo.‎ ‎5.Reporting general truth ‎“Human survival is dependent on the natural world,” he said.‎ He said that human survival is dependent on the natural world.‎ 重点句子 ‎1. We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us.‎ ‎2. Many of the earth’s plants and animals have already died out...‎ ‎3. If we know more about what causes endangerment, we may be able to take measures before it is too late.‎ ‎4. A species can become endangered for different reasons.‎ ‎5. When the habit of a species is changed or destroyed, the animal or plant has to either adapt to the change or find a new home.‎ ‎6. Professor Stevenson, who has devoted himself to protecting the milu deer...‎ III. 教材分析与教材重组 ‎1. 教材分析 ‎ 本单元以环境保护为中心话题，内容涉及“野生动物保护”、 “污染的防止”、“生活的环保”和“环保知识宣传”等。 语言知识和语言活动的设计是围绕“环境保护”这一中心话题展开的。‎ ‎ 1.1 WARMING UP部分通过三图幅片导入本单元, 引出有关动物保护的话题并使学生了解濒危动物，树立保护动物、保护环境的意识。‎ ‎ 1.2 LISTENING部分是有关“空气污染”、“水污染”和“环境污染”等的话题。学生在听的过程中，要捕获信息，以提高听力的水平。另外，教材还设计了讨论题作为“听后”活动，在形式上，把“听”与“说”相结合，力求训练学生的综合语言运用能力。‎ ‎ 1.3 SPEAKING安排一组采访活动。教材中提供了部分启发性的采访问题，帮助学生展开口语活动，同时还要求学生自己设计问题，发展自主能力。活动具有趣味性，有助于学生亲近、关爱动物。‎ ‎ 1.4 PRE-READING部分以提问的形式导入课文，是阅读课文前的热身。 ‎ ‎ 1.5 READING分三部分叙述主题内容。1、人与动物的关系。2、动物灭绝的原因。3、 补救措施。 文章语言简洁，条理清晰。不仅有助于提高学生的阅读能力，而且在写作上也有所帮助。‎ ‎ 1.6 POST-READING部分由两部分组成。第一部分通过回答问题的形式，进一步加深对课文的理解。第二部分围绕课文展开一些环保教育活动，要求学生列表说明每天要做的对环保有益的事，以培养学生的环保的责任感，调动他们参与环保行动的自觉性。‎ ‎ 1.7 LANGUAGE STUDY部分分为词汇和语法两项。词汇学习涉及构词法和词组填空练习。帮助学生扩大词汇量，同时也指导学生掌握通过语境记忆词汇的方法。本单元的语法项目是复习直接引语和间接引语。‎ ‎ 1.8 INTEGRATING SKILLS包括读写和写两部分。第一部分体现了读是写的基础，写是读的发挥。第二部分写作的任务是学会制作一张宣传环保的海报。上述设计的目的是使学生能够边学边做，做到学用结合。‎ ‎ 1.9 TIPS部分对怎样制作一幅成功的海报提出了一些建议，在语言方面具体指导学生完成制作海报的任务。‎ ‎ 1.10 CHECKPOINT部分简要地总结了直接引语和间接引语的用法，并且通过两个问题引导学生对本单元所学的词汇作一小结。‎ ‎2. 教材重组 ‎ ‎ 2.1将WARMING UP, SPEAKING和Workbook中的TALKING整合成一节“口语课 ”。‎ ‎ 2.2 LISTENING和Workbook中的LISTENING整合在一起上一节“听力课”。‎ ‎ 2.3 将PRE-READING, READING和POST-READING整合成一节“阅读课”。‎ ‎ 2.4 将LANGUAGE STUDY, CHECKPOINT 10和Workbook中的PRACTISING整合成一节“语法课”。‎ ‎ 2.5 将课本INTEGRATING SKILLS阅读部分及写作整合成一节综合阅读写作课。‎ ‎ 2.6 将Workbook INTEGRATING SKILLS阅读部分及写作整合成一节综合阅读写作课。‎ ‎3. 课型设计与课时分配 ‎ 1st period Speaking ‎ 2nd period Listening ‎ 3rd period Reading ‎ 4th period Grammar ‎ ‎ 5th period Extensive Reading and writing (1)‎ ‎ 6th period Extensive Reading and writing (2)‎ Ⅳ. 分课时教案 The First Period Speaking Teaching goals 教学目标 ‎1.Target Language 目标语言 a. 词汇 fur, Tibetan, antelope, endanger, jungle, wolf, hippo, kangaroo, giraffe b. 短语 use...for/ as/ to do; make sure; in danger; die out; take turns ‎ c. Useful expressions 功能句式 Talk about animals endangered:‎ ‎1). When ... be cut down, ...can no longer ...‎ ‎2). Many ... are killed by people who want to ...‎ ‎3). ... are hunted for (their) wool.‎ ‎4). There are few areas left where ... can live.‎ Talk about the reasons:‎ ‎1). Why do you think ... ?‎ ‎2). How can you say ... ?‎ ‎3). What’s the reason for ... ?‎ ‎4). Because/ Because of ...‎ ‎5). As ...‎ ‎6). The reason is ...‎ ‎7). ... , so ...‎ ‎8). ... so that ...‎ ‎2. Ability goals 能力目标 ‎ Make the students know about animals and factor of their endangering. Let them know importance and necessity of protecting wild animals. Establish the consciousness of environmental protection.‎ ‎3. Learning ability goals 学能目标 ‎ Let the students talk about the animals and the reasons of endangering using the useful expressions, and talk about the suggestion of protecting animal further.‎ Teaching important points 教学重点 Talk about wildlife endangered with the target language and useful expressions.‎ Teaching difficult points 教学难点 ‎ Using an interview format and the useful expressions to practise talking about animals and animal protection.‎ Teaching methods 教学方法 ‎ ‎ 1. Group work to discuss (cooperative learning);‎ ‎ 2. Pair work to make dialogues;‎ ‎ 3. Performance: act out the dialogues they make.‎ Teaching aids 教具准备 ‎ 1. A projector and some slides ‎ 2. Some pictures of different animals Teaching procedure && ways 教学过程及方式 StepⅠ Greetings & Lead-in T: Good morning, everybody!‎ Did you have a nice weekend? ‎ I went to the zoo with some friends. I saw a lot of animals and birds there. I like them very much. Do you like animals? (Yes!) What kinds of animal do you like most? ‎ S1: I like the dog best.‎ T: Good! What about you?‎ S2: I like the monkey most. It’s clever and smart. ‎ T: Well done! OK, today we are going to talk about animals.‎ StepⅡ Warming up T: Please look at the pictures on P.25. There are 3 kinds of animals. Who can tell us what they are?‎ S: They are tigers, pandas and Milu deer.‎ T: Right. From picture 1, we can see 2 tigers. They’re running happily and living a peaceful life in nature. But they are in danger now. Who can tell us why the tiger is in danger?‎ S1: The forests they live in are destroyed; they can no longer hide and hunt.‎ S2: People kill tigers to sell their fur and use their bones for medicine.‎ T: Very good! What about the panda? The pandas in picture are enjoying their meal. However, in fact, the number of the panda is getting smaller and smaller. What are the reasons?‎ S: Let me try. There are few areas left where pandas can live and some people kill them for their fur.‎ T: Right! What do you know about the Tibetan antelopes?‎ S: They are beautiful. But people hunt them for their fur.‎ T: That’s right.‎ T: Right. We know nowadays many of the world’s animals and plants are in danger. Can you name them as many as possible?‎ S: Let me try. The Golden monkey, the Chinese alligator, the gorilla, the zebra, the pangolin, the elephant, the blue whale and so on.‎ T: Good. Now, let’s finish the next two questions. Please discuss the questions on the screen in groups of four.‎ ‎ (Show the following questions on the screen.)‎ ‎1. Why is it important to make sure that animals do not die out?‎ ‎2. What can we do to help endangered animals?‎ Possible answers:‎ ‎2. If animals and plants die out, we will not be able to survive.‎ ‎ All animals and plants are necessary if we want healthy ecosystems.‎ ‎ They’re important. We need them for medical and commercial purposes.‎ ‎3. Stop people cutting down too many trees and killing animals.‎ ‎ Protect their habitat.‎ ‎ Protect the environment from now on.‎ StepⅢ Speaking ‎ Task 1: Words of the animals’ names T: We know that animals are friends of human beings. Look at the pictures on P.66. Here are some of them.‎ ‎ Who can write down their names on the blackboard?‎ ‎ (Ask one or two students to write these names on the blackboard.)‎ ‎ Good! Go back to your seat, please.‎ Task 2: Interviewing Let the Ss read the instructions carefully and make sure that they know what to do.‎ T: I think most of you have seen the animals in the zoo. ‎ ‎ Do you think they are happy in the zoo or they prefer to live in the wild? (There may be two kinds of answers among the students.) Now, let’s play a game. Look at the Speaking part. Read the instructions and then finish the dialogue. Please work in pairs. A few minutes later, I’ll ask some pairs to act out your dialogues.‎ ‎ (When pairs have finished, ask one or two pairs to repeat their interviews in front of the class.)‎ Sample dialogues:‎ Suggested dialogue 1‎ A: a reporter B: a tiger ‎ A: Would you mind my asking you some questions? ‎ B: Of course not. ‎ A: Where did you live before they brought you to the zoo?‎ B: I lived in a forest in the south.‎ A: How long have you lived in the zoo?‎ B: About a year.‎ A: Do you like living in the zoo? ‎ B: Yes, I like it.‎ A: Can you tell us why? ‎ B: Yes. I needn’t worry about food. I always have enough to eat. And it’s safer here. ‎ A: Do you mean that you prefer living in the zoo to living in the jungle? ‎ B: You are right. ‎ A: Do you have anything to say to all humans?‎ B: Yes, I want to tell them to build bigger zoos for us. Then we will feel much more comfortable. ‎ Suggested dialogue 2‎ A: a reporter B: an elephant A: Nice to meet you. ‎ B: Nice to meet you, too. ‎ A: May I ask you some questions? ‎ B: Sure. Go ahead.‎ A: Where did you live before they brought you here?‎ B: I used to live in a great forest in South Africa.‎ A: How long have you lived in the zoo?‎ B: About two years.‎ A: Do you prefer living in the zoo or living in the jungle?‎ B: I prefer living in the jungle. ‎ A: Can you tell us why?‎ B: Yes. The zoo is too small for me. I can’t run, and I can’t see my friends. I miss them very much. And I think the climate is also a problem for me. It’s hard for me to get used to it.‎ A: If you could say something to all humans, what would you tell them?‎ B: I would tell them not to destroy forests, and not to kill too many of us any more in the future. I don’t think this is a good thing for them.‎ A: Do you think you can go back to your home one day?‎ B: I don’t know. I know that people are trying to let us go back to our home some day, but first of all, they must protect the environment.‎ A: I know that human beings have already started to protect the environment. I think you can go back to your home some day.‎ B: I hope so.‎ StepⅣ Talking Page 139. Talking. Make sure that the students understand the situation and the task. Give them time to prepare the role cards and provide assistance or model as needed. When the students have completed the cards, remind them of the ground rules for discussion and let them start the discussion. What’s more, let them pay attention to the useful phrases.‎ Sample Dialogue 1‎ S1: Hello, Mr. Dolphin. I know you are a best friend of ours. Can you tell me the ‎ reason why you are regarded as man’s best friend?‎ S2: All right. You know, I can help people do many things. For instance, I can help you learn more about swimming and I can also help you look for things in the ocean. I am a good friend also because I can make humans feel happy. I can even save people’s lives when they are in danger in the ocean.‎ Sample Dialogue 2‎ S3: Hi, Miss Pigeon, I have heard a lot about you. And you have done many good deeds for us human beings. But you have never boasted yourself. Today I want to interview you and I’d like you to say something to us.‎ S4: Hi, my dear friend. I’m very glad to tell you something about myself. I think I am man’s best friend. Everybody knows that pigeons are good at carrying letters and messages. I have taken many important letters all across the country and I don’t need electricity or petrol, I just fly wherever I need to go. ‎ Sample Dialogue 3‎ S5: Excuse me, but can I speak to you for a moment, Dr. Polly?‎ S6: Sure. You can ask me whatever you like.‎ S5: Dr. Polly, we have known you since we were in junior middle school. We have learned a lot from you. You know, you are the cleverest animals in the world and you can speak just as human beings do. ‎ S6: Yeah, as a matter of fact, I am one of the members in a family. I can enjoy happiness and sorrows with human beings.‎ Sample Dialogue 4‎ S7: Can you spare me a few minutes, Mr. Deer?‎ S8: Yes, I can. What would you like to talk today?‎ S7: Someone often says to me that deer are the best friends of human beings and I’d like you to tell me why people have such kind of thinking.‎ S8: That’s easy. I must say that all of you have mentioned many good animals except me. In my opinion I am your only true friend because I am free and gentle, so humans treat us like a friend—not like a machine or a toy.‎ Step V Homework T: Today, we’ve talked about some endangered animals and ways to protect them. We know that we must try our best to protect animals and the environment. Do you think so? We’ve also learnt some new words and useful expressions. You should master them after class.‎ Homework today:‎ ‎1. Read about the Talking part on P.139, try to understand it and work in groups of four. Everybody should choose one animal and complete your role card.‎ ‎2. Collect some information and pictures about pollution.‎ OK! That’s all for today. See you tomorrow!‎ 巩固练习 Ⅰ单词拼写 1. This kind of drug can p_________ children from mosquitoes.‎ 2. The noise outside a__________ our study.‎ 1. The farm covers an a_________ of 30 mu.‎ 2. I have a pain in my s__________ as I ate a green grape just now.‎ 3. The little baby should stay away from i__________.‎ 4. Sea water __________ (含有) salt.‎ 5. The road is covered with thick __________ (泥土).‎ 6. I have not heard from my brother ___________（最近）．‎ 7. The tiger is a __________ (凶猛的)animal.‎ 8. The little girl loves collecting __________ (蝴蝶).‎ Ⅱ句型转换 1. Milu deer has disappeared from China.‎ Milu deer has ______ ________ from China.‎ 2. People hope that Taiwan will return our motherland as soon as possible.‎ ‎_______ __________ __________ that Taiwan will return our mother land as soon as possible.‎ 3. The old lady is sleeping peacefully.‎ The old lady is sleeping _________ ____________.‎ 4. I got up so late that I was late for school.‎ I got up late. ________ ________ __________, I was late for school.‎ ‎5. Although tourists like to watch us, they didn’t want to protect us.‎ ‎ They didn’t want to protect us ________ ________ tourists like to watch us.‎ Ⅲ 翻译句子 1. 他认识到自己处境困难。‎ 2. 我每天早上必须在七点以前穿好衣服。‎ 3. 我明天会去那间公司申请工作。‎ 1. 他已经不住在这里了。‎ 2. 那问题如今得到政府的关注。‎ KEYS：‎ Ⅰ prevent affects area stomach insects ‎ Contains dust recently fierce butterflies Ⅱ died out ‎ It is hoped ‎ in peace ‎ As a result ‎ even if/though Ⅲ 1. She has realized that she was in danger.‎ 2. I have to get dressed before 7:00 o’clock every morning.‎ 3. I will apply to that company for a job tomorrow.‎ 4. He no longer lives here.‎ 5. The issue is being paid attention to by the government now.‎ 被动语态注意问题 ⑴含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch, feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。‎ 例：①Mother often makes me do homework. →I am often made to do homework by mother.‎ ‎⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。 例：‎ ‎①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book. →I was given a book by her. →A book was given to me by her. ②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me. →I was bought a MP3 by my father. →A MP3 was bought for me by my father.‎ ‎[3]含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变） 　例：①We call him Xiao Ming. 主 谓　 宾 宾补 　　　→Ｈe is called Xiao Ming by us. ②He found the novel very interesting.‎ ‎→The novel was found very interesting by him.‎ ‎[4] 没有被动语态的动词：‎ ‎1. 没有被动语态的词， 表示状态或特征的及物动词如 cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了) result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态 ‎2. 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear,　die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, come true, fall asleep, ...‎ ‎3. 大多数系动词：be , feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste（尝起来），look(看起来)，等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。‎ 例：①The shirt feels very soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。‎ ‎②Many changes have taken place in our country.‎ Section 3 Words and expressions from Unit 4 ‎ die out ‎ 消失,灭绝 ‎1. The English of today is very different from the English of500 years ago. In time, some even die out completely. 现在的英语与500年前的英语已大不相同，有一些甚至会在今后完全消失。‎ ‎2. No one have come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaur die out. 尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝做出一个令人信服的解释。‎ ‎3. Many old customs are dying out. 很多古老的习俗正在消失。‎ hunt ‎ n. 狩猎,追捕,搜寻 v. 狩猎,打猎,搜索 ‎1. Winter is the best time for hunting in mountain areas. 冬季是山区狩猎的最佳时间。‎ ‎2. The hunt is on for the culprit. 正在搜捕该罪犯。‎ ‎3. I had a good hunt for that key. 那把钥匙我找了好一阵子。‎ ‎4. The police are on the hunt for further clues. 警方正进一步寻找线索。‎ ‎5. He found it after a long hunt. 他找了很长时间才把它找到。‎ ‎6. The huntsman and I hunt the animals out of the garden. 猎人和我把动物赶出花园。‎ ‎7. Wolves hunt in packs. 狼总是成群猎食。‎ in peace ‎ 安祥地 ‎1. Please let me do my work in peace. 请让我安静地工作。‎ ‎2. All the villagers live together in peace. 所有村民都和睦相处。‎ ‎3. May he rest (ie lie in his grave) in peace. 愿他安息。‎ ‎4. The two communities live together in peace (with one another). 这两个社区和平相处。‎ in danger ‎ 在危险中 ‎1. If man put his country in danger by helping the enemy, his life and possessions were forfeit to the crown. 任何人如帮助敌人危害本国，他的生命财产便被国家没收。‎ ‎2. It portends we are in danger. 这预示我们陷入危险。‎ ‎3. We should keep our composure in danger. 我们在危险的时候应该保持冷静。‎ ‎4. You are in danger of catching a cold if you don't take any medicine. 如果你不吃药的话, 就有感冒的危险。‎ ‎5. You are so kind-hearted that you always give me a hand when I am in danger. 你心肠真好, 总是在我危困时帮助我。‎ ‎6. His life was in danger. 他有生命危险。‎ ‎7. Don't apply for that job: you're in danger of overreaching yourself. 不要申请那份工作, 以免有不自量力之嫌。‎ ‎8. You must keep sight of one fact: your life is in danger. 有一件事你必须明白, 你有生命危险。‎ in relief 浮雕一般 鲜明地 显着地 1. He saw the tower in relief against the sky. 他看到那塔耸立在空中，轮廓十分鲜明。 ‎ 2. The young man carved a figure in low relief. 这个年轻人刻了一座浅浮雕人像。‎ 3. His integrity stood out in relief from the corruption of certain officials.‎ 某些官员腐化堕落,相形之下他的廉正更引人瞩目。‎ burst into laughter 突然大笑 All the classmates burst into laughter when David acted out the episode. ‎ ‎ 当戴维表演完那段插曲时，全班同学都捧腹大笑。 ‎ contain v. 包含,容纳,容忍 ‎1. The atlas contains forty maps. 这个地图集有四十幅地图。 ‎ ‎2. This book contains all the information you need. 这本书包含你所需的一切资料。 ‎ ‎3. Try to contain your anger! 设法抑制你的怒火！ ‎ ‎4. Her statement contained several inaccuracies. 她的言词有几处不确切。‎ ‎5. This barrel contains 50 litres. 这个桶容量为50升。‎ ‎6. Please contain your enthusiasm for a moment. 请你暂且控制住感情。 ‎ ‎7. She could hardly contain her excitement. 她抑制不住内心的激动。 ‎ ‎8. Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol. 威士忌所含酒精的百分比很高。 ‎ affect ‎ v. 影响,作用,感动 ‎1. He affected not to hear me. 他假装没有听见我。‎ ‎2. He was much affected by the sad news. 这个悲惨的消息使他非常难过。‎ ‎3. The climate affected his health. 气候影响了他的健康。‎ ‎4. We were deeply affected by the news of her death. 她死亡的噩耗使我们深为感伤。‎ ‎5. The tax increases have affected us all. 加税已经影响了我们大家。‎ ‎6. Cancer had affected his lungs. 癌已侵及他的肺脏。‎ ‎7. Their opinion will not affect my decision. 他们的意见不会影响我的决定。‎ ‎8. She affects the helpless female. 她装成柔弱女性。‎ pay attention to ‎ 注意 ‎1. Pay attention to your float! 注意你的浮子！‎ ‎2. Please pay attention to this clause in the sentence. 请注意看句中的这个从句。‎ ‎3. Please pay attention to the difference between the two words. 请注意这两个词之间的区别。‎ ‎4. You must pay attention to your teacher in the class. 上课的时候必须专心听老师讲课。‎ ‎5. I hope you will pay attention to this problem. 希望你对此给予关注。‎ ‎6. You must pay attention to your study. 你必须专心学习。‎ appreciate v. 欣赏,感激,赏识 ‎1. We appreciate your helping us. 我们感谢你们的帮助。 ‎ ‎2. We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard working. ‎ ‎ 经过一年辛苦工作之后，大家都能领略假期的乐趣。 ‎ ‎3. I really appreciate a good cup of tea. 有好茶一杯, 我就真乐在其中了。‎ ‎4. You don't seem to appreciate how busy I am. 你似乎不能体念我多么忙。‎ ‎5. You can't fully appreciate foreign literature in translation. ‎ ‎ 看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓。‎ ‎6. I appreciate that you may have prior commitments. 我体谅你可能事先已另有承诺。‎ ‎7. I appreciate your problem, but I don't think I can help you. 我理解你的困难, 但却爱莫能助。‎ ‎8. Local property has appreciated (in value) since they built the motorway nearby. ‎ ‎ 自从附近修建了高速公路, 本地的地产（价值）已经增值。‎ succeed v. 成功,继承,继续 ‎1. If you work hard you will succeed. 如果你努力工作，你就会成功。 ‎ ‎2. When the duke dies, his eldest son will succeed to the title. ‎ ‎ 公爵去世之后，他的长子将继承他的爵位。 ‎ ‎3. Our plan succeeded, and soon we were in complete control. ‎ ‎ 我们的计划顺利完成了，于是我们很快就控制了局面。 ‎ ‎4. I won the essay prize, and then was offered a scholarship: nothing succeeds like success! ‎ ‎ 我的作文得了奖，接着就获得了奖学金，真是一顺百顺！ ‎ ‎5. The silence was succeeded by the striking of a clock. 时钟鸣响声打破了寂静。‎ ‎6. When the king died, his eldest son succeeded (to the throne). 国王死后, 其长子继位。‎ ‎7. The attack succeeded, and the fort was taken. 这次袭击成功, 拿下了堡垒。‎ ‎8. Who succeeded Churchill (as Prime Minister)? 继邱吉尔出任（首相）的是谁? ‎ employ 雇用,使用 ‎1. The police had to employ force to break up the crowd. 警察不得不使用武力驱散人群。 ‎ ‎2. The children were employed in weeding the garden. 孩子们忙着给花园除草。 ‎ ‎3. Our company employed about one hundred people. 我们公司雇佣了大约一百人。 ‎ ‎4. He has fifteen workers in his employ. 他雇佣的工人有十五名。 ‎ ‎5. He employed his knife as a lever. 他把刀子当杠杆用。‎ ‎6. How long has she been in your employ (ie employed by you)? 你雇用她多长时间了? ‎ ‎7. He was busily employed in cleaning his shoes. 他忙着擦鞋。‎ ‎8. She hasn't been employed (ie has not had a job) for six months now. ‎ ‎ 她现在已半年没有工作了。‎ harm 伤害,损害,危害 ‎1. It wouldn't do him any harm to work a bit harder. 工作努力点对他没什么害处。 ‎ ‎2. His failures did his reputation a lot of harm. 他屡次失败使他的声誉受到很大损害。 ‎ ‎3. There was a traffic accident in this street, but no one was harmed. ‎ ‎ 这街上发生了交通事故，但没有人受伤。 ‎ ‎4. If we interfere, it may do more harm than good. 倘若我们进行干预，那可能弊多利少。 ‎ ‎5. I'll go with her to make sure she comes to no harm. 我要和她同去以免她受到伤害。‎ ‎6. Put that vase out of harm's way so the children can't break it. ‎ ‎ 把那只花瓶放在安全的地方, 免得孩子们打碎了。‎ ‎7. A few late nights never did anyone any harm. 熬几个晚上对任何人绝无害处。‎ ‎8. He may not be able to help but there's no harm in asking him. ‎ ‎ 他可能帮不了忙, 但是求他一下倒也无妨。‎ bite n. 咬,一口 v. 咬 ‎1. The little cat gave me a playful bite. 小猫顽皮地轻轻咬了我一下。 ‎ ‎2. Their dog bit a hole in my trousers. 他们的狗把我的裤子咬了个窟窿。 ‎ ‎3. He was taken to the hospital to be treated for snake bite. 他因遭蛇咬而被送到医院治疗。 ‎ ‎4. Another of my great ideas bites the dust! 我的一个好主意又碰壁了。 ‎ ‎5. That dog just bit me in the leg. 那条狗刚咬了我的腿。‎ ‎6. She bit into the apple. 她咬了一口苹果。‎ ‎7. The miners' strike is really starting to bite. 矿工罢工就要真正显出威力了。‎ ‎8. Wheels won't bite on a slippery surface. 车轮打滑。‎ come into being ‎ vi. 出现(存在,产生,形成,成立)‎ ‎1. A new rule will soon come into being. 一个新规则很快就要出台了。‎ ‎2. A car comes into being through a series of complex operations. 汽车经过一连串的复杂作业程序而制成。‎ inspect v. 检查,调查,监查,检阅 ‎1. It was strange that nobody inspected my ticket before I got on the train. ‎ ‎ 很奇怪，我上火车前，竟然没有人查看我的车票。 ‎ ‎2. The customs officer inspected my passport suspiciously. ‎ ‎ 海关官员颇为怀疑地检查了我的护照。‎ ‎3. A man employed to inspect and repair railroad tracks. ‎ ‎ 铁路养路工检查和修理铁轨的工人。‎ ‎4. Police were called out to keep at the airport, and inspect the arriving planes. ‎ ‎ 警察们被紧急召集起来去守卫机场，并对到达的飞机进行检查。 ‎ ‎5. The stewards will inspect the course to see if racing is possible. ‎ ‎ 那些干事将检视赛马场看是否适宜比赛。 ‎ according to prep. 按照,根据 ‎1. According to facts in my possession he can not possibly be guilty. ‎ ‎ 根据我所掌握的事实，他是不可能有罪的。 ‎ ‎2. According to the old legend, Romulus was the founder of Rome. ‎ ‎ 按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。 ‎ ‎3. According to expert opinions, they gave up the experiment immediately. ‎ ‎ 根据专家们的意见，他们马上放弃了这项试验。 ‎ ‎4. In dictionaries, words are listed according to their orthography. ‎ ‎ 在词典中, 词是按照字母拼写顺序排列的。‎ ‎5. According to the result of the dissection, the man died from heart attack. ‎ ‎ 根据解剖结果，此人死于心脏病发作。 ‎ ‎6. According to these figures, our company is doing well. ‎ ‎ 从这些数字来看，我们的公司经营得不错。 ‎ ‎7. According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library. ‎ ‎ 根据我们的记录，你借的书现在应该还给图书馆了。 ‎ ‎8. The books in the library were distributed according to subjects. ‎ ‎ 图书馆里的藏书按科目分类。 ‎ so that conj. 以便(以致)‎ ‎1. We made a strategic withdrawal, so that we could build up our forces for a renewed attack. ‎ ‎ 我们作了一次战略性退却，以便我们能积蓄力量再次进攻。 ‎ ‎2. Making something by hand has become the exception in many countries today—so much so that giving a homemade gift is sometimes considered extraordinary. ‎ ‎ 当今用手做东西，在许多国家已经成为很特殊—如此地特殊，以致赠送自制礼物有时被认为是不寻常的。 ‎ ‎3. She simplified the instructions so that the children could understand them. ‎ ‎ 她简化了指令以便于儿童理解。 ‎ ‎4. The term and condition are printed in very small letter so that they are difficult to read. ‎ ‎ 条款与条件是用很小的字体印刷的，以致难以阅读。 ‎ ‎5. They put a screen around his bed so that the doctor could examine him. ‎ ‎ 他们在他床的四周放上屏风，以便医生给他检查。 ‎ ‎6. Bring it closer so that I may see it better. 把它拿近点儿，让我看看仔细。 ‎ ‎7. We turned on the light so that we might see (=so as to see) what it was. ‎ ‎ 我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。 ‎ ‎8. I study hard, so that I may not fail in the examinations. 我用功，免得考不及格。‎ Section 2 Notes to difficult sentences from Unit 4‎ ‎1. Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you. 我们的毛皮正在为你这样的人制作成毛衣。‎ 本句谓语是“现在进行时的被动语态”，由“am/is/are being +过去分词”构成，表示一个动作正在被进行：The machine is being repaired in the school factory now. 机器现在正在校办工厂修理。This song is being played all over the country now. 现在全国各地都在播放这首歌曲。‎ ‎2. Flying chair, please show me a place where there is some wildlife protection.飞椅，带我去个保护野生动物的地方。‎ protection是不可数名词。‎ 注意句子中some的用法，它意为“一些”，可作形容词和代词。它常修饰可数名词复数。如：some books一些书，some boys一些男孩，也可修饰不可数名词，如：some water一些水，some tea一些茶叶，some常用在肯定句中。‎ any意为“任何一些”，它也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，常用于疑问句和否定句。如：--I have some tea here. 我这儿有些茶叶。例如：--I can’t see any tea. 我没看见茶叶。--Do you have any friends at school? 你在学校有些朋友吗? --I have some English books, they are my best friends. 我有英语书，它们是我最好的朋友。‎ 但在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。如：Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡? What about some ‎ fruit juice? 来点水果汁如何? 当any表示“任何”的意义，起强调作用时，它可以用在肯定句中；Any student can answer this question.任何学生都可以回答这个问题。‎ ‎3. …but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.但是我愿意按照WWF建议的那样，尽我的一份力量。‎ 句中as=in the way that, 作“像”、“按照……的方式”解,引导方式状语从句。如: He speaks English as Americans do. Remember, you must do everything as I do. ‎ ‎4. A monkey watched them as it rubbed itself.猴子边挠着自己边注视着他们。‎ As在此是连词，引导时间状语从句。下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。‎ A) 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指"一边……,一边……"。如:The girl dances as she sings on the stage. He looked behind from time to time as he went forward. ‎ B)表示两个同步发展的动作或行为,译为"随着……"。如:As time went on / by, she became more and more worried. As children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them. ‎ C)表示两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。如:I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. ‎ D) 后接名词表示某一年龄段时,用as。如: As a young man, he was active in sports.‎ 单元综合知识运用 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） ‎ 阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A A student is learning to speak British English. He wonders : Can I communicate with Americans? Can they understand me? Learners of English often ask: What are the differences between British and American English? How important are these differences?‎ Certainly, there are some differences between British and American English. There are a few differences in grammar. For example, speakers of British English say “in hospital” and “Have you a pen?”, Americans say “in the hospital” and “Do you have a pen?. Pronunciation is sometimes ‎ different. Americans usually sound theirs in words like “bird” and “hurt”. Speakers of British English do not sound theirs in these words. There are differences between British and American English in spelling and vocabulary. For example,“colour”and“honour”are British,“color”and“honor”are American.‎ These differences in grammar, pronunciation, spelling and vocabulary are not important, however. For the most part, British and American English are the same language.‎ ‎21. According to this passage, a student who is learning to speak American English might be afraid that __________.‎ ‎ A. British people cannot understand him ‎ ‎ B. American people cannot understand him ‎ C. the grammar is too hard for him ‎ ‎ D. the spelling is too hard for him ‎22. American English and British English are different in __________.‎ ‎ A. spelling　　　B. pronunciation C. grammar D. all of the above ‎23. What is NOT mentioned in the passage?‎ ‎ A. Whether there are differences between British English and American English.‎ ‎ B. Whether British English and American English are one language or two.‎ ‎ C. How the differences between British English and American English came about.‎ ‎ D. How important the differences are.‎ ‎24. Most __________ say “Do you have a watch?”‎ ‎ A. British people　　 B. Americans C. children D. teachers ‎25. According to this passage, British people and Americans have ________ difficulty in ‎ understanding each other.‎ ‎ A. little B. much C. some D. great B Baby girls make their way to dolls as soon as they can crawl, while boys will head for the toy cars,  a study has shown. The findings, the first to show consistent differences in very young babies, suggest there is a biological basis to their preferences.  Psychologists Dr Brenda Todd from City University London carried out an experiment involving 90 babies aged nine months to 36 months. They were allowed to choose from seven toys.‎ ‎ Some were boys' toys - a car, a digger, a ball and a blue teddy.  The rest were girls’ toys: a pink teddy, a doll and a cooking set. They were placed a meter away from the toys, and could pick whichever toy they liked. Their choice and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded. Of the youngest children (nine to 14 months), girls spent much longer playing with the doll than boys, and boys spent much more time with the car and ball than the girls did. Among the two-and three-year-olds, girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it. The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with cars, which the girls barely touched. There was no link between the parents’ view on which toys were more appropriate for boys or girls, and the children’s choice. Dr Brenda Todd said: “Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization. Boys may be given ‘toys that go’ while girls get toys they can care for, which may help shape their preference. But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interests in particular kinds of toys. There could be a biological basis for their choices. Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer moving objects, probably through hunting instincts（本能）, while girls prefer warmer colors such as pink, the color of a newborn baby.” 26. Baby boys and girls have different toy preferences probably because          .   A. baby boys are much more active B. baby girls like bright colors more   C. parents have an effect on their views D. there is be a natural difference between them. 27. What can we infer from paragraph 3?‎ ‎ A. Nine-year-old baby boys don’t play with dolls at all.‎ ‎ B. Two-year-old baby girls sometimes play with cars and balls.‎ ‎ C. The older the babies are, the more obvious their preference is.‎ ‎ D. Parents should teach their babies to share each other’s toys. 28. Both baby boys and baby girls like to play with __ according to the study.‎ ‎ A. a ball B. a teddy C. a car D. a doll ‎29. What conclusion did Dr. Brenda Todd draw from the results of the study? A. Adults bring about babies’ preference on purpose.   B. Babies’ preference isn’t affected by social surroundings.   C. Baby boys preferring to moving toys will be good at hunting. ‎ ‎ D. Baby girls preferring warmer colors will be warm-hearted.‎ ‎30. We may read this passage in a ___ section of a newspaper.‎ ‎ A. science B. health C. education D. environment C Hi, everyone! I am Paul Hawking, the trip leader for this weekend's activity.‎ It's that time of the year again when the days are long and it is nice to sit outside and enjoy some oysters (牡蛎).‎ We plan to head out to the Mission Bay this Sunday for a beach picnic. You can buy fresh oysters at the Mission Bay Oyster Company and you just need to pay $6 to $10 for each dozen, depending on the size. It's on Sunday, June 30.‎ We will meet at the Student Center at 9:00 a.m. and all go together. The driving time is one and a half to two hours, and the time of return is still uncertain. Come and join us in what must now be the 4th or 5th such trip for the Outing Club.‎ The oyster farm has a small picnic area with chairs and barbecue grills (烧烤架). Bring some briquettes (煤球) if you would like to grill. Except for oysters, oysters and oysters, little is available there, so please bring your own food and drinks. And of course, if you have any special oyster recipes (食谱), bring them, make them and share them!‎ The weather forecast says it's going to be sunny and around 26℃ this weekend. My telephone number is 408-896-3228. Please feel free to call me if you have any questions. Remember to finish your homework before we leave for the picnic.‎ ‎31. On June 30, Paul Hawking will _____.‎ ‎ A. hold a meeting at the Student Center       ‎ B. arrive at the oyster farm at 9:00 a.m.‎ C. teach the students to cook oysters         ‎ D. take the students for a picnic ‎32. If you buy 24 big oysters, you should probably pay _____.‎ A. $6           B. $10             C. $12              D. $20‎ ‎33. If you plan to grill, you must bring _____.‎ A. a BBQ grill      B. some briquettes C. your own recipes             D. some oysters ‎34. Which of the following statement is TRUE?‎ A. The writer plans to head out the Mission Bay next Sunday for a beach picnic.‎ B. You should finish the homework before leaving for a picnic.‎ C. You can buy and share food and drinks on the farm.‎ D. The driving time is less than one and a half hour.‎ ‎35. Where does this text probably come from?‎ A. A notice on a school website.     B. A book on the Mission Bay.‎ C. A business newspaper.         D. A science magazine.‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据对话内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Rose : I see you always take your walkman with you.____36______‎ Tom : Oh , yes.‎ Rose : What kind of music do you like best ?‎ Tom : Classical music. I enjoy symphony .How about you ?‎ Rose : Me too.____37____‎ Tom : ____38_____‎ Rose : Yes , I can play the piano. In fact , I’ve got the first prize in our school competition.‎ Tom : Wow ,that’s great !_____39____‎ Rose : Yes , quite a lot .Almost four hours a day. ‎ Tom : ____40__. Maybe we can go together.‎ Rose : Good idea.‎ A. And Beethoven is my favorite composer. ‎ B. But I am really not crazy about them.‎ C. You must have spent a lot of time practising. ‎ D. Can you play a musical instrument ?‎ E. There is a concert this weekend. ‎ F. You must be a music lover.‎ G. Well, I think it is the music of the younger generation 第三部分：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分)‎ ‎ Telling the truth is a very good habit. If you ___41___ speak the truth, you can save yourself ‎ from a lot of __42__ ! Here is a story of a man who did a lot of ___43___ things, but his promise to tell the truth ___44___ him.‎ ‎ Once a man came to a prophet（预言家）and said, “Oh, prophet, I have many bad __45___. Which one of them should I ___46___ first？”The prophet said,“Give up telling ___47___ first and always speak the truth. ”The man promised to do so and went home.‎ ‎ At night the man was about to go out to steal. Before setting out , he thought for a moment about the ___48___ he made with the prophet. “___49___ tomorrow the prophet asks me where I have been, what shall I say？Shall I say that I went out ___50___？No, I cannot say that. But nor can I lie. If I tell the truth, ___51___ will start hating me and call me a thief. I would be ___52___ for stealing.”‎ ‎ So the man ___53___ not to steal that night, and gave up this bad habit.‎ ‎ Next day, he ___54___ drinking wine. When he was about to do so, he said to himself, “What shall I say to the prophet if he asks me what I did during the day？I cannot tell a lie, and if I speak the truth people will __55___ me, because a Muslim（穆斯林） is not ___56___ to drink wine.” And so he gave up the ___57___ of drinking wine.‎ ‎ In this way, ___58___ the man thought of doing something bad, he ___59___ his promise to tell the truth. One by one, he gave up all his bad habits and became a very ___60___ person.‎ ‎ 41. A.always B.hardly C.sometimes D.never ‎ 42. A.time B.money C.trouble D.energy ‎ 43. A.great B.bad C.strange D.stupid ‎ 44. A.educated B.bothered C.tested D.saved ‎ 45. A.habits B.friends C.purposes D.collections ‎ 46. A.take in B.bring back C.give up D.depend on ‎ 47. A.stories B.truths C.reasons D.lies ‎ 48. A.plan B.secret C.promise D.mistake ‎ 49. A.Because B.Unless C.Since D.If ‎ 50. A.stealing B.drinking C.walking D.dancing ‎ 51. A.none B.someone C.anyone D.everyone ‎ 52. A.controlled B.admired C.punished D.killed ‎ 53. A.refused B.tried C.decided D.agreed ‎ 54. A.talked about B.felt like C.adapted to(适应) D.broke down ‎ 55. A.understand B.like C.hate D.respect ‎ 56. A.allowed B.encouraged C.invited D.advised ‎ 57. A.chance B.disadvantage C.adventure D.idea ‎ 58. A.wherever B.whenever C.whatever D.however ‎ 59. A.forgot B.doubted C.regretted D.remembered ‎ 60. A.good B.attractive C.practical D.generous(慷慨的)‎ 第二卷（非选择题40分）‎ 第一节 ‎：用括号内单词的正确形式填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎61. I found a ________(dust) bag under the bed when I was cleaning up my room last night.‎ ‎62.The boss was _______(entire) satisfied with what the workers had done.‎ ‎63. Ever since I ______(graduate) from university, I’ve regretted that I didn’t work harder.‎ ‎64.The task was difficult, but Helen’s ___(determine) expression let me know she would not give up.‎ ‎65. Some buildings were in ruins and some farmer were_____(trap) at the top of their houses.‎ ‎66. She insisted that she ______(organize) the trip properly.‎ ‎67.After the earthquake, the _____(suffer) of the people was extreme.‎ ‎68. The news came as a(n) ________ (shock) blow.‎ ‎69. Gideon is very _______ (rely) — if he says he’ll do something, he’ll do it.‎ ‎70. There were 40 other people on the plane and she was the only ________ (survive).‎ 第二节：单句改错下列每个句子中均有一个错误，请找出并改正(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎71. In order to realizing his dream of being a champion, he has suffered great hardship over the past ten years.‎ ‎72. It is the weather which will determine the exact launch time of Shenzou Seven.‎ ‎73. Their relationship is base upon years of open communication with each other.‎ ‎74. Because the heavy rain, there are traffic jams everywhere.‎ ‎75. Sixty percent of the travelers prefer to live in the rooms which windows face south.‎ ‎76. At the present, more than one million visitors travel to Guangzhou every year.‎ ‎77. So stubborn is my sister that she won’t listen to my advices.‎ ‎78. He kept persuaded me to take him for company if I went for a trip.‎ ‎79. I can do everything which is good for you.‎ ‎80. Believe it or not, there is no such a thing as standard English.‎ 第三节：书面表达(满分20分) ‎ ‎ 假如你是育才中学高一新生李华，你初中时期的好朋友王平进入另一所高中学习，请用英语给他写一封信，描述一下你的近况。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 你对新学校新班级的印象；‎ ‎2. 你对高中生活的感受和打算；‎ ‎3. 你对王平的想念和对友谊的理解。‎ 要求：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎ 2. 不可在文中涉及相关班级、老师及个人信息，否则视为作弊。‎ ‎ 3 词数120左右（信的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数）‎ Dear Wang Ping,‎ ‎ How are you? I am now studying in Class 2 Grade 1 in Yucai Middle School.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Best wishes.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua 答案：‎ 二、阅读理解： 21-25 ADCBA ‎ 26-30 DCBBA ‎ 31-35 DDBBA ‎ 36-40 FADCE 三、完形填空： 41-45 ACBDA 46-50 CDCDA ‎ ‎ 51-55 DCCBC 56-60 ADBDA 四、单词填空：‎ ‎1. dusty 2. entirely 3. graduated 4. determined ‎5. trapped 6. (should)organize 7. suffering 8. shocking ‎9. reliable 10. survivor 五、单句改错：‎ ‎1. realizing---realize ‎2. which---that ‎3. base---based ‎4. because后面加of ‎5. which---whose ‎6. 去掉the ‎7. advices---advice ‎8. persuaded---persuading ‎9. which---that ‎10. 去掉a 六、作文：‎ Dear Wang Ping,‎ ‎ How are you? I am now studying in Yu Cai Middle School. I’m writing to tell you something about my recent life.‎ At present, I come to a very large and beautiful school. Here I’m glad to meet many teachers and friendly schoolmates, who are very kind to me. I am getting along well with my classmates and often take part in class activities. However, life in high school is stressful. Many students haven’t used to it, but I am determined to go through all the difficulties and learn each subject well.‎ Now I still miss you and often think of the days we spent together. We helped each other with our study and shared our happiness and sadness in the junior school. We are true friends. I hope we’ll keep in touch with each other and let the flower of friendship blossom forever.‎ Best wishes.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua