英语卷·2017届《全国百强校》河南省新乡市第一中学高三下学期周考（3-5）英语试题解析（解析版）

英语卷·2017届《全国百强校》河南省新乡市第一中学高三下学期周考（3-5）英语试题解析（解析版）

全*品*高*考*网， 用后离不了！本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1、答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。‎ ‎2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。‎ ‎3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。‎ ‎4、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Discovering the beauty of the science and maths that shape our everyday lives, an experience in Wonderlab will fuel your imagination and inspire you to see the world around you in new and exciting ways. Come and enjoy yourself!‎ What to see Spread across seven different zones, there' re loads of opportunities to get hands on with real scientific phenomena. Observe live experiments at our Chemistry Bar, see lightning strike before your eyes, play with forces on giant slides or travel through space under a canopy (苍穹)of stars. You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations led by our talented team of explainers. With 50 mind-blowing wonders of science to enjoy, Wonderlab is an experience unlike any other. Besides, a selection of shows will be performed daily in Wonderlab’s beautiful new show space. They are free of charge and last 20 minutes.‎ Tickets ‎♦ Day pass: ￡6 per person.‎ This ticket gives you day-long access to Wonderlab, perfect whether you' re planning a special trip to the Museum or simply passing through London and want to feed your curiosity.‎ ‎♦ Annual pass: ￡10 per person.‎ For less than the price of two visits, give yourself a year packed full of wonder, curiosity and breathtaking experiences.‎ Opening times Open seven days a week, 10:00 — 18:00 (last entry 17:15). Wonderlab will be closed on December 24，25 and 26 and will be open as usual from December 27.‎ During school holidays our opening hours are 10:00 — 19:00 (last entry 18:15). Please note that in peak periods ( from midday onwards) we are experiencing long queues due to the gallery' s popularity.‎ ‎1. What can you do in Wonderlab?‎ A. Explore stars. B. Produce lighting.‎ C. Join in explosion shows. D. Do chemistry experiments.‎ ‎2. How much should two visitors pay if they visit Wonderlab and enjoy the shows for one day?‎ A. ￡ 12. B. ￡ 20. C. ￡32. D. ￡40.‎ ‎3. When can you enter Wonderlab?‎ A. 9:30 on December 23. B. 18:30 on school holidays.‎ C. 11:00 on Christmas. D. 10:30 on December 28.‎ ‎4. What is the purpose of the text?‎ A. To introduce Wonderlab.‎ B. To attract people to Wonderlab.‎ C. To explain how Wonderlab works.‎ D. To analyze why Wonderlab is attractive.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 例如：本文中的第1小题：‎ ‎1.C 此题属于细节理解中的（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。‎ 答案定位：What to see一段中You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations led by our talented team of explainers.你可以参加由我们的天才团队演示的爆破知识。‎ 推理关系：题干What can you do in Wonderlab?☞文章内容You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations led by our talented team of explainers.‎ 答案：You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations ☞C选项Join in explosion shows.这里Join in替换take part in，explosion shows替换explosive science demonstrations。 ‎ B As the morning school bell rings and students rush in, teenagers in one classroom settle onto mats and meditation(冥想) pillows. They fail silent after the teacher taps a “singing bowl”.‎ These students are in a for-credit, year-long mindfulness class, which is meant to ease youth anxiety and depression and to prevent violence. For 90 minutes, three days a week, they practice a mix of yoga, sitting, and walking meditation, deep breathing, journaling, and non-judgmental listening.‎ Yoga and meditation have gained popularity among Americans in recent decades, supported by studies showing benefits to emotional, mental, and physical health. The centuries-old practices have roots in eastern religions, but Western culture has long focused on physical postures (姿势), breathing, and relaxation techniques.‎ Some people have greeted the move with less than enthusiasm. Last year, an elementary school in Ohio ended its mindfulness program after parents complained it was too closely linked to religion. But many school districts are reporting success. In Richmond, California, schools have reported drops in school problems among low-income, at-risk youths. The school district in South Burlington, Vermont, introduced a successful mindfulness course as part of a health and wellness program, and now administrators there have advocated mindfulness into K-12 curriculums.‎ Two years ago, Caverly Morgan developed the after-school mindfulness program teamed up with Allyson Copacino, who teaches yoga. After hundreds of students signed up, Principal Brian Chatard took note. The school was dealing with a student' s suicide (自杀), and few resources were available to address students’ emotional and mental health.‎ ‎“High school is the hardest period of time for kids,” Mr. Chatard said. “You’ve got emotional changes, physical changes, and all the social pressures. It’s also the onset of mental illness for some kids, depression hits, and there’s the pressure of college and sports. All these things kids do is overwhelming without having a strategy (策略) to deal with it. ” And now schools all over the country are introducing the practices.‎ ‎5. What do Western people value more about yoga and meditation?‎ A. Non-judgmental listening. B. Religious meaning.‎ C. Physical benefits. D. Journaling.‎ ‎6. What can we infer about the mindfulness class?‎ A. It is supported by parents.‎ B. It relives pressure of students.‎ C. It mainly builds students up physically.‎ D. It improves students’ academic performance.‎ ‎7. Who started the mindfulness class?‎ A. Administrators. B. Brian Chatard.‎ C. Caverly Morgan. D. Allyson Copacino.‎ ‎8. What is Mr. Chatard’s attitude towards the program?‎ A. Supportive. B. Concerned. C. Doubtful. D. Reserved.‎ ‎【答案】5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A ‎ 7. 细节理解题。根据第五段Cavrly Morgan developed the after-school mindfulness program teamed up with Allyson Copacino，who teaches yoga.可知，Cavrly Morgan开发了课后冥想课程。故C项正确。‎ ‎8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段Mr. Chatard所说You’ve got emotional changes, physical changes, and all the social pressures. It’s also the onset of mental illness for some kids, depression hits, and there’s the pressure of college and sports. All these things kids do is overwhelming without having a ‎ strategy (策略）to deal with it.（孩子们有情绪变化，身体变化，以及所有的社会压力。这也是一些孩子遭受精神疾病的发作，抑郁症的打击，并有大学和运动的压力。如果没有一种策略来处理，这些事情对孩子们是压倒性的）可知，Mr. Chatard认为这些孩子承受了巨大的压力，而他们却没有战略（策略）来处理它，故Mr. Chatard对冥想课应是持支持的态度，因冥想课能缓解学生这方面的压力。故A项正确。 ‎ C Bob Dylan, born on May 24, 1941, is an American songwriter, singer, artist and writer. He has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when his songs showed social unrest. Early songs such as Blowing in the Wind and The Times They Are a-Changing promoted the American civil rights and anti-war movements.‎ Dylan’s songs include a wide range of political, social and literary influences. They challenged existing pop music conventions and appealed to the growing counterculture. His recording career, spanning more than 50 years, has explored the traditions in American song, from folk, blues, and country to rock and roll, and to English, Scottish, and Irish folk music, even jazz and the Great American Songbook. He has toured steadily since the late 1980s on what has been called the Never Ending Tour. His accomplishments as a recording artist and performer have been central to his career, but songwriting is considered his greatest contribution.‎ As a musician, Dylan has sold more than 100 million records, making him one of the best-selling artists of all time. He has also received numerous awards including eleven Grammy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. The Pulitzer Prize jury in 2008 awarded him a special citation (引言）for his influence on popular music and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power”. In May 2012, Dylan received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama. In 2016, Dylan received the Nobel Prize in Literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”.‎ ‎9. Which word best describes Dylan’s music according to Paragraph 2?‎ A. Various. B. Talented. C. Personal. D. Popular.‎ ‎10. What is Dylan better recognized as?‎ A. A performer. B. A singer. C. An artist. D. A songwriter.‎ ‎11. What made Dylan get the Nobel Prize?‎ A. His poems about music. B. His American song tradition.‎ C. His language style of the songs. D. His influence on America culture.‎ ‎【答案】9. A 10. D 11. C ‎ 11. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dylan received the Nobel Prize in Literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”.可知，Dylan在伟大的美国歌曲传统中创造了新的诗歌表达而获得了诺贝尔文学奖。故C 项正确。 ‎ D Scientists in Britain have managed to teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others in their colony(群体)—showing a high level of intelligence despite their tiny brains.‎ Researchers at Queen Mary University of London said the experiments, often used to test the intelligence of apes (猿) and birds, showed for the first time that some insects are up to the task, and can also pass skills on through several generations.‎ The findings add to the evidence suggesting the ability for “culture spread” — the ability to learn and pass on knowledge and skills — may not be exclusive to humans.‎ In the research, published in the journal PLOS Biology on Tuesday, the scientists were able to train 23 out of a group of 40 bees to pull strings with their legs and feet.‎ The strings were attached to discs — or artificial “flowers” — containing food at their center but placed under a transparent screen. The bees, spotting the food beneath the screen, learned to pull the “flowers” out by pulling the string with their legs and feet to be able to get to it.‎ From another group of bees given the chance to solve the task without any training, only two of 110 were successful.‎ Another group of bees was then allowed to observe the trained bees pulling the strings, and 60 percent of them successfully learned the skill. Finally, trained bees were put in colonies, and the scientists found the technique spread successfully to a majority of the colony’s worker bees.‎ Lars Chittka, a Queen Mary University professor who guided the project, said the team is interested in figuring out the brain processes behind the bees’ learning and teaching skills.‎ ‎12. What does the underlined word “exclusive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. Ordinary. B. Unique. C. Beneficial. D. Widespread.‎ ‎13. What did the researchers find about bees?‎ A. Bees learn best in insects.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ B. Bees are as clever as birds.‎ C. Bees are born good learners.‎ D. Bees can be trained to learn skills.‎ ‎14. What may the research team focus on next?‎ A. What else bees can do. B. Where bees learn skills.‎ C. How bees teach others. D. How bees’ brain work.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎15. What may be the best title for the text?‎ A. Small bees, great abilities B. Bees can learn and teach C. Bees are smarter D. Let bees learn ‎【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B ‎【名师点睛】‎ 每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。主旨要义型题范围一般包括：短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章的开头或结尾，从而找出能概括文章的主题句。主题句的特点：（1）语言特点：归纳性、概括性、抽象性；（2）位置特点：主题句常出现在“总结性”语言的“信号词”后，如：in summary, in a word, as a result, finally, in short, in conclusion和in brief等；主题句常出现在“转移话题式”语言的“信号词”后，如：but, however, nevertheless, Hence等。标题的语言特点：独特新颖、概括性强、短小精炼。‎ A．主旨大意主要的设题方式有：（1）Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?（2）The best headline for this newspaper article is ____.‎ ‎（3）What is the topic of the text?‎ ‎（4）The text is mainly about ______.‎ ‎（5）What's the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph？‎ ‎（6）What would be the best title for the text？‎ ‎ B 此题属于主旨大意中的（1）一一标题类。答案需要理解文章后归纳文章中心。‎ 答案定位：根据第一段中的Scientists in Britain have managed to teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others in their colony(群体)—showing a high level of intelligence despite their tiny brains. ‎ 推理关系：题干What may be the best title for the text?☞文章内容Scientists in Britain have managed to teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others in their colony(群体)—showing a high level of intelligence despite their tiny brains. ☞概括总结☞ teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others 教大黄蜂拉绳子获得食物，然后大黄蜂把这个方法教给其他的大黄蜂☞标题 答案：根据teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others ☞B选项Bees can learn and teach ‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to be more creative every day Creativity isn’t something you either have or don’t have. In fact, it is something like playing the saxophone.___16___So read on to know how.‎ ‎• Be more curious.‎ It’s important to seek out new viewpoints every day. ___17___To involve this in your daily life, make sure to keep an open mind when you’re presented with an idea, and be curious as to what else is around the comer.‎ ‎• Give yourself space.‎ Letting every piece of information into your brain drags you from being creative. Try to apply a level of space into your everyday life. ___18___It helps to lead your thinking patterns away from potential distractions (潜在分心的事物), leaving much room to have creative ideas.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎• Try something new.‎ Frequent thinking patterns, in effect, cause you to be more likely to think the same things or make the same decisions over and over unless you get out of your comfort zone. ___19___Though not always easy, it does open up a whole new world of thinking!‎ ‎•___20___‎ Social media has created an environment where we’re constantly shown whether we’ve succeeded in the form of likes or comments, which leads us to doubt ourselves. However, creativity is a journey, and you’re learning every step of the way. Honestly, you’ll learn much more from that than a straight win anyway. So be confident and tell yourself you have already done well enough.‎ A. Learn from failure.‎ B. Remind yourself you’re good enough.‎ C. The 8 p. m. — 8 a. m. phone ban is a great way to begin.‎ D. Getting physical really helps to sort out your brain space.‎ E. But it’s not easy to feel or be automatically creative either.‎ F. Thus you can think and approach things from another angle.‎ G. Using your skills in a different area is a great way to think outside the box.‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B ‎ ‎ 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ That was my first ballet performance and I was the lead role. A huge black curtain ___21___me from the crowd. My heart raced so rapidly that it would___22___out of my chest. A rush of ___23___shot through my body when the music began and I took my___24___at the center of the stage. I pushed off the floor as hard as I could and ___25___into the air. Then I started to come ___26___for my landing, preparing to jump again, and yet my foot ___27___I fell, face-first. For a moment I couldn’t ___28___, wondering if I should go on.___29___, trained for thousands of hours for twelve years, my muscles ignored the____30____of my mind and I ____31____myself back on my feet. I finished the part and left the stage. Bending over a table, I tried to____32____tears. I didn’t want to go back to finish the last twenty minutes. I didn’t ____33____the lead role.‎ Then came my teacher. “The____34____thing on stage is to fall. You’ve gotten it, so what’s left to____35____? Just go and give it all. ” Her words ____36____me. Minutes later, I went back onstage and completely let go of ____37____. I just danced, letting the music guide me through the movement.‎ Now, as a Principal Dancer, I often think about that performance. We fall when we try our hardest. There is no ____38____, only pride. Falling is____39____and sometimes it is easier just to stay on the____40____. But if we never get up, we never experience what it is like to fly.‎ ‎21. A. covered B. hid C. protected D. drove ‎22. A. beat B. drop C. run D. shout ‎23. A. amazement B. excitement C. joy D. satisfaction ‎24. A. time B. turn C. place D. order ‎25. A. flew B. spun C. rose D. looked ‎26. A. out B. in C. down D. off ‎27. A. slipped B. stopped C. stepped D. advanced ‎28. A. think B. cry C. move D. believe ‎29. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Instead ‎30. A. loss B. pain C. relief D. hesitation ‎31. A. found B. dragged C. accustomed D. allowed ‎32. A. dry up B. wipe out C. burst into D. fight back ‎33. A. play B. deserve C. get D. finish ‎34. A. unexpected B. awkward C. common D. worst ‎35. A. go B. do C. lose D. say ‎36. A. awoke B. enriched C. excited D. surprised ‎37. A. the music B. myself C. the teacher D. others ‎38. A. excuse B. fear C. benefit D. shame ‎39. A. shocking B. interesting C. rare D. terrible ‎40. A. spot B. road C. ground D. stage ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. C ‎ 25. 考查动词辨析。flew飞；spun使……旋转；rose升起；looked看。由下一句的preparing to jump again可知，这时我努力蹬离地面跃到空中。根据题意，故选A项。‎ ‎26. 考查介词辨析。come out出来；come in进来；come down下来，下落；come off成功。结合上一句我跃到空中可知，此时我准备落地。根据题意，故选C项。‎ ‎ 31. 考查动词辨析。found发现；dragged拉，拽；accustomed使……习惯；allowed允许。前一句说我在想要不要继续表演，然而，十几年的训练使我的肌肉（本能地）忽略了内心的犹豫。found myself back on my feet我发现自己站了起来。根据题意，故选A项。‎ ‎32. 考查动词短语辨析。dry up枯竭，干涸；wipe out擦掉；burst into匆匆进入；fight back强忍住，回复。表演告一段落之后我回到后台，伏在一张桌子上努力抑制住泪水。根据题意，故选D项。【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎33. 考查动词辨析。play玩，演出；deserve值得，应受；get得到；finish完成。我因为在舞台上摔倒，觉得自己没资格当领舞。根据题意，故选B项。‎ ‎34. 考查形容词辨析。unexpected想不到的，意外的；awkward令人尴尬的；common 普通的；worst最糟糕的。结合这几句可知，老师在鼓励我。舞台上最糟的事就是摔倒，你已经摔倒了，还有什么可失去的？根据题意，故选D项。 ‎ ‎35. 考查动词辨析。go去；do做；lose失去；say说。结合这几句可知，老师在鼓励我。舞台上最糟的事就是摔倒，你已经摔倒了，还有什么可失去的？根据题意，故选C项。‎ ‎36. 考查动词辨析。awoke唤醒，使觉悟；enriched使丰富；excited使兴奋；surprised使惊奇。老师的一番话点醒了我，指心里想明白了。根据题意，选A项。‎ ‎37. 考查代词辨析。the music音乐；myself我自己；the teacher老师；others其他人。结合后句可知，听了老师的话后我再次登台，尽情地释放自己。根据题意，故选B项。‎ ‎38. 考查名词辨析。excuse借口；fear恐惧；benefit利益，好处；shame羞愧。结合前文我认为自己摔倒是一种羞耻，以及本句后半部分跌倒是一种骄傲。根据题意，选D项。‎ 第II卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ How do native speakers truly feel when speaking with non-native English speakers? It seems that___41___(break) English annoys them. However, they keep being really nice when speaking with non-native speakers. I wonder how they really feel when doing so.‎ ‎ I think it would depend___42___the native English speakers. Some people are just___43___(easy) annoyed.‎ Personally, I study Spanish. When I hear someone___44___(attempt) English, I am patient with them because I know___45___difficult it is to talk in a non-native tongue. I also know English is ‎ very difficult___46___(learn), and that increases my respect for their efforts. I’m a patient person by nature.‎ The situation matters too. If I were waiting___47___(table) on a super crowded day and really___48___(need) to do about a dozen different things, I might become upset at having to wait for someone to struggle while ordering his meal.‎ There also exists the___49___(possible) that what is considered as annoyance is not truly annoyance. I might frown (皱眉) while listening to a non-native speaker, ____50____that would be because I am concentrating and listening hard to understand him. It wouldn’t mean I’m at all annoyed.‎ ‎【答案】41. broken ‎ ‎42. on/upon 43. easily ‎ ‎44. attempting 45. how 46. to learn 47. tables 48. needed ‎ ‎49. possibility 50. but ‎ ‎ ‎49. 考查名词。There exists the possibility that+(同位语从句)。句意：还有被认为是烦恼的可能性并不是真正的烦恼。前面有定冠词the修饰，而且作主语，故用名词。‎ ‎50. 考查逻辑关系理解。句意为：听非本族语人说话时，我可能紧皱着眉头，但那会是因为我在聚精会神地极力去听懂他，我根本不是生气，我不会有那个意思。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 语法填空对词汇变形的考查很多，一般在4—5个左右，因此，记住词的不同形式尤为重要。要填出正确的词形，需要断定本词在句子做的成分，根据成分写成正确词形。例如：It seems that___1___(break) English annoys them.修饰English需用形容词修饰，故把break改成broken。 ‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） ‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ May I have you attention, please? I had something important to tell you. Our school will organize a visit the National Museum of China on Saturday morning, December 10. The National Museum of China, where lies to the east of Tiananmen Square, covers an area of about 70,000 square metre. We will gather at a school gate and starting out at 7:30 in the morning. Our visit starts at 8 o’ clock but it will last three hours. Please take up your notebooks and pens with you. In addition, during the visit, please keep quietly.‎ Do remember: 7:30, Saturday morning and the school gate. That’s all. Thank you.‎ ‎【答案】1. attention 前的you→your 2. had→have 3. visit 后加to 4. where→which 5. metre→metres 6. school前的a→the 7. starting→start 8. but→and 9. take后的up去掉 10. quietly→quiet 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52. 假定你是李华，几天前外教Joan 离任回英国，你为她在网上购买了一套陶瓷茶具作为礼物。她来邮件说已收到，很喜欢，不过发现有个杯子破了。请回邮件表达歉意，并请她发照片过来，由你和商家联系发。‎ ‎ 注意：‎ ‎ 1．词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Joan,‎ ‎ I’m glad that you like the gift I bought you online the other day. Meanwhile, I’m sorry to know that one of the china tea-cups is broken. But take it easy. The shop owner online has promised to send another one on condition that he is convinced that the cup was broken on the way. So I’d like you to take a photo of the broken cup and send it to me. I’ll show the shop owner what has happened to the cup with the photo as evidence. I’m sure he’ll send you another cup of the same colour and size. What you’ll have to do now is to wait for a few days until the new cup arrives.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎