英语卷·2018届甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学高三下学期开校第一次诊断考试（2018-02）

英语卷·2018届甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学高三下学期开校第一次诊断考试（2018-02）

‎2018年甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学开校英语第一次诊断考试 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。‎ ‎ 第 I 卷（共70分）‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。‎ ‎ A Cuyahoga Valley National Park Volunteer Program Building a Community of Park Stewards Position Title: Wildlife Volunteer – Butterfly Monitors (2 positions)‎ Dates: Mid May to September, 2018‎ Hours: 8 ~ 16 hours / week Location: Cuyahoga Valley National Park Duties: Park staff will train volunteers in butterfly identification and data recording for one week before volunteers work in team of two to help track butterfly monitoring areas. Butterfly monitoring areas are 1 ~ 2 miles in length and are walked one time per week. There are a total of three butterfly monitoring areas within the park. Butterflies are identified by using binoculars （望远镜） or by netting and releasing. Data is recorded on data sheets.‎ Skills Required: Applicants must have self motivation and desire to work with others. Volunteers will work during days when temperature is 70 degrees or more, between 10:30 am and 5 pm. Ability to walk a long distance in hot and humid conditions is needed. Skills with basic butterfly identification are not a must but helpful.‎ Requirements: Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into. U. S. citizenship is required. Applicants must be current Kent State University students.‎ How to Apply: Please request an application from Mike Johnson at gkovach@kent.edu and send it back to Mike Johnson at gkovach@kent.edu, with the above position title as the subject, by February 15, 2018. If offered an interview, please come to Cuyahoga Valley National Park with your personal resume introducing your education and your previous work experience.‎ For further information, please call Jamie Walters at (330) 657-2142 or email jwalters@forcvnp.org.‎ ‎1. What will a volunteer do in this program?‎ A. Walk 1 ~ 2 miles every day. B. Help make a data record.‎ ‎ C. Work at least 16 hours per week. D. Identify butterfly monitoring areas.‎ ‎2. Applicants for the job must ______.‎ A. have the skills of butterfly identification B. be university graduates C.have their backgrounds checked D. design a program ‎3. To apply for the passion, one needs to ______.‎ A. send the application to gkovach@kent.edu B. visit Jamie Walters at the office C. hand in a resume before February 15‎ D. call (330) 657-2142‎ B ‎“Hi, Mrs. Grady,” said Mark when their neighbor opened her door. “Would you like us to shovel（铲） your sidewalk and driveway?” Shoveling was Jamie’s idea, a way to earn enough money for the new Ocean Kingdom video game that came out the next day.‎ ‎ Mrs. Grady was happy, “That would be wonderful, boys. I think the job is getting to be too much for me.”‎ ‎ “It will cost 10 dollars,” Jamie said. “If that’s OK,” Mark added.‎ ‎ “Oh dear,” Mrs. Grady said disappointedly, “I haven’t been able to get to the bank. I can offer homemade cookies, but I realize that’s not what you had in mind.”‎ Mark was going to say that Mrs. Grady could pay them another time, but Jamie cut him off. “We’ll come back later.”‎ Mrs. Grady doesn’t look like the person who’d come to Mark’s rescue last summer when Mr. Dunn’s dog Goldie had just wanted to play, but Mark didn’t feel comfortable around big dogs. He wanted to call for help, but his tongue seemed locked behind his teeth. Then Mrs. Grady’s front door had flown open. She must have seen him from across the street. “Hold on, Mark. I’m coming!” “Goldie” she’d called. As soon as Goldie had turned her head, Mrs. Grady had slipped between Mark and the dog. She wasn’t much taller than Mark, but she’d stood firm as a rock in front of him. “Goldie, go home!” Then she’d swept her broom to hurry the dog along. “Get!” Goldie had obeyed.‎ When Mark showed thanks to Mrs. Grady, Mrs. Grady laughed. “It was nothing. Good neighbors watch out for each other, don’t they?”‎ And now Mrs. Grady needed Mark as much as he’d needed her last summer. He smiled and waved at Mrs. Grady, then his shovel deep into the snow.‎ ‎ “Hey!” Jamie shouted. “What are you doing?” Mark couldn’t explain about Goldie and watching out for neighbors. “I like Mrs. Grady’s cookies,” he said.‎ ‎4. Why did Jamie and Mark plan to clear the snow for Mrs. Grady at first?‎ A. To help the lady. B. To visit New Kingdom.‎ C. To earn pocket money. D. To do volunteer work.‎ ‎5. Mrs. Grady couldn’t pay them most probably because ________.‎ A. she couldn’t find the bank B. she didn’t have enough cash ‎ C. she thought it was worthless D. she couldn’t afford it ‎ ‎6. According to the story, which of the following words can be used to describe Mrs. Grady best?‎ A. Helpful. B. Hopeful. C. Hardworking. D. Greedy.‎ ‎7. Which of the following proverb can best summarize the story?‎ A. A penny saved is a penny earned. B. Birds of a feather flock together. ‎ C. Kindness is repaid with kindness. D. Actions speak louder than words. ‎ C According to new research from the University of Cambridge in England, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.‎ The farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well as familiar humans. However, their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.‎ The recent study, the results of which were published in the journal Royal Society: Open Science, shows the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of former President Barack Obama and actress Emma Watson.‎ Initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. Later, they were able to recognize the images for which they had been rewarded. The sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though their ability to do so declined by about 15 percent — the same rate at which a human’s ability to perform the same task declines.‎ ‎“Anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent, individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers,” said Professor Jenny Morton, who led the Cambridge study. “We’ve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, comparable with those of humans and monkeys.”‎ Recognizing faces is one of the most important social skills for human beings, and some disorders of the brain, including Huntington’s disease, affect this ability.‎ ‎“Sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. That means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as Huntington’s disease, that develop over a long time and affect cognitive abilities. Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change,” Morton said.‎ ‎8. According to the new research, what’s unusual about sheep?‎ A. They have large brains.‎ B. They can recognize human faces from photographs.‎ C. They can tell animals from humans.‎ D. They can recognize their owners.‎ ‎9. How did the researchers train the sheep?‎ A. By guiding them to follow their handlers.‎ B. By showing photos of famous people.‎ C. By showing photos of humans and monkeys by turns.‎ D. By giving food rewards.‎ ‎10. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. The new discovery is beneficial to the study of cognitive ability changes.‎ B. The sheep’s face-recognition ability stays the same when shown photos at any angle.‎ C. Sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys.‎ D. The sheep’s face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain.‎ ‎11. What’s the passage mainly about?‎ A. A Wonderful Scientist B. How Sheep Recognize Each Other C. A New discovery about Sheep D. The Life of Sheep D The word tolerance is widely used in liberal democracies(自由民主). It indicates a positive meaning. Politicians urge us to be tolerant towards minorities. Educators teach us to be tolerant towards the other. The press is full of references to the need to display tolerance when faced with individuals or groups espousing(拥护) a different view or holding a different religious belief. A tolerant society is an objective sought after by anyone who believes in the values of democracy. A tolerant individual is attributed(认为……是) with virtuous qualities.‎ The question we must ask is whether we have been using the word tolerance fully aware of its meaning and whether we have applied it correctly to reflect what we really wish to convey.‎ The word tolerance means to bear, or to bear with. If I tolerate something or someone, I basically say that I am ready to bear it or him. I can tolerate a bad smell or a noisy neighbour. The act of toleration forces me to desist from conveying my objection to the existence of a phenomenon, which I find difficult to bear. A bad smell or a noisy neighbour is considered by me to be an objectionable phenomenon. By tolerating either of them, I am not transforming the bad smell or the noisy neighbour into positive phenomena. Let's be honest: I don't have a different taste when it comes to bad smells. I simply dislike it and wish that it disappears. I don't respect the noisy neighbour. I would rather have him stop at once the noise he is making so I can live in peace. ‎ A tolerant attitude involves the grant(授给物) of a favour, not a right. The question we should ask ourselves is whether we would ever wish a parliament(议会) to make laws according ‎ to certain actions interpreted as a favour rather than a right? Indeed, would we ever wish anyone to listen to our views and accept us the way we are simply because he is kind enough to tolerate us?‎ ‎12. The first two paragraphs are mainly intended to show that __________.‎ A. tolerance is a symbol of liberal democracies B. people’s understanding of tolerance is one-sided C. democratic society always advocates tolerance ‎ D. tolerance can be applied to many situations ‎13. The underlined part “desist from” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________’.‎ ‎ A. deny     B. dislike     C. stop     D. keep ‎ ‎14. The example of a bad smell and a noisy neighbour is raised to indicate that _________.‎ A. tolerating them isn’t a virtuous act ‎ B. most people find them hard to tolerate ‎ C. the writer isn’t prejudiced against them ‎ D. the writer are fed up with them ‎ ‎15. The best title for this passage should be “___________”.‎ A. Tolerance and respect       B. What is to be tolerated?‎ C. Should people be tolerant?    D. Is Tolerance a Virtue? ‎ 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎（注意：E涂AB；F涂AC；G涂AD）‎ Competitors who wear red win more than those that are dressed in any other color, according to study in Germany. 16   Experts believe that red could make individuals and teams feel more confident as well as being perceived by others as more aggressive. 17   On the other hand, the results could suggest that the success of those teams has given those that wear the red color more confident. The study, by German sports psychologists at the University of Munster, was reported in New Scientist magazine. They showed video recording of taekwondo matches to 42 experienced referees. One fighter wore blue and the other wore red. They then showed them the same recordings but digitally manipulated the clothing to exchange the colors.     18   “If one competitor is strong and the other is weak, it won’t change the outcome of the fight,” said Norbert Hagemann, who led the study.  “   19   ”‎ ‎ In 2004 scientists at Durham University also looked at how color influenced sporting competitiveness. They analyzed Olympic contest sports such as boxing, taekwondo, and freestyle wrestling and found that nearly 55% of which were won by the competitor in red. “   20  ”said Robert Burton, one of the researchers.‎ A. It is the color of fire and is often associated with energy, danger, strength, power, and determination.‎ B. The findings could explain why Manchester United, Liverpool and Arsenal have been so successful.‎ C. The study shows that football shirts from worldwide teams such as Arsenal, Liverpool, sell successfully.‎ D. It is reasonable that wearing red makes individuals feel more confident, although this hasn’t yet been tested.‎ E. Researchers found that those who wear red tops, jackets or clothing score 10 percent more in any competition than if they were in another color.‎ F. The fighters wearing red were given an average of 13 percent more points than when they wore blue.‎ G. But the closer the levels, the easier it is for the color to tip the scale.‎ 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ James Cleveland Owens(1913～1980)was a great American athlete. In the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin，he achieved 　21　fame by winning four gold medals：one each in the 100meter dash，the 200meter dash，the　22　，and for being part of the 4×100meter relay team.‎ Born in Alabama，Owens was often　23　with what his mother reportedly called “devil’s cold”．Life was hard for the family. The family　24　to Ohio in 1921.There was little　25　in their life，but the move did enable young Owens to　26　public school，where a teacher who didn’t understand his country　27　accidentally wrote down his name as “Jesse” instead of J．C.‎ Owens had to take different jobs in his　28　time. During the period，when he was in the fifth grade，the athletic supervisor asked him to go out for　29　.From a 　30　boy he developed into a strong runner.‎ Throughout his life Owens believed that the success of his athletic career　31　from the 　32　of Charles Riley，his junior high track coach，who had picked him off the playground and put him on the track team. Since Owens worked in a shoe repair shop after school，Riley　33　Owens to practice before school instead.‎ Owens first came to national　34　when he was a student of East Technical High School in Cleveland，Ohio. He tied the world　35　of 9.4 seconds in the 100 meter dash and long jumped 24 feet 9 1/2 inches at the 1933 National High School Championship in Chicago.‎ In 1956 he organized the Junior Olympic Games for youngsters in Chicago，which was active in ‎ helping black　36　.With time progressing，his　37　grew worse. He died in 1980 after a lengthy　38　in a hospital. The highest honor，the Congressional Gold Medal，Owens　39　came in 1990. During the　40　，President Bush called Owens “an Olympic hero and an American hero every day of his life”．‎ ‎21．A.traditional B．national C．international D．practical ‎22．A.longjump B．highjump C．boxing D．gymnastics ‎23．A.naughty B．sick C．proud D．determined ‎24．A.joined B．moved C．arrived D．reached ‎25．A.improvement B．appearance C．achievement D．arrangement ‎26．A.apply B．enter C．start D．approach ‎27．A.origin B．accent C．situation D．background ‎28．A.golden B．tough C．spare D．special ‎29．A.track B．work C．walk D．travel ‎30．A.smart B．curious C．weak D．lively ‎31．A.dated B．resulted C．made D．chose ‎32．A.competition B．explanation C．advantage D．encouragement ‎33．A.forced B．allowed C．reminded D．promised ‎34．A.attraction B．attention C．argument D．discussion ‎35．A.champion B．crisis C．record D．history ‎36．A.youth B．elder C．society D．adults ‎37．A.ambition B．idea C．health D．wealth ‎38．A.wait B．pause C．stay D．patience ‎39．A.praised B．accepted C．received D．founded ‎40．A.ceremony B．parade C．celebration D．program 第 II 卷（共50分）‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ While thousands of college students headed for warm climate to enjoy sun and fun during their week off from classes, seven local students had other plans.‎ The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area 41 (destroy) by the hurricane.‎ ‎“I wanted to see for myself what happened,” said Terry. “I couldn’t imagine 42 it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the 43 (power) effect the hurricane ‎ had on those people. I wanted to do something, to understand their feeling of helplessness. The group headed into Brooklyn’s Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There they met people from other parts of the country, 44 had also volunteered to help. Together, those volunteers and the NECC students 45 (work) to clear rubbish out of a three-story building. They put on protective suits and gloves 46 they entered the building. Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building 47 (lie) all over the place.‎ The students returned to school with 48 sense of achievement, a feeling that 49 helped people in need. It was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover, and this left the deepest impression 50 the students.‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ How an unbelievable scene ! A modern young couple were eating fruit in public and had thrown a plenty of waste on the ground. When an old cleaner comes to clean up, the man was very angry. He pointed at the cleaner, said in a loud voice," How impolite! They haven't finished eating!" " How could people behave such badly?" I thought. Obvious, in their eyes, they could do all they liked and ignore other's feelings. ‎ In my opinion, we should pay attention our behavior, obey public rules and respect other's works. We should know that really civilized people are those who have good manners but a beautiful mind all the time.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，贵校在学生中征集意见，询问学生是否赞成开设iPad课堂（iPad classrooms）。你支持开设iPad课堂；请给校长写一封建议信，要点如下：‎ ‎1. 资源丰富；2. 促进交流；3. 利于环保；4. 其他理由。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Headmaster,‎ We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ ‎ Li Hua 英语答案 阅读1-3 BCA 4-7 CBAC 8-11 BDAC 12-15BCAD 16-20 EBFGD 完形填空21-25CABBA 26-30 BBCAC 31-35 BDBBC 36-40 ACCCA 语法填空：‎ ‎41. destroyed 42. what 43. powerful 44. who 45. worked ‎46. before 47. lying 48. a 49. they 50. on 改错 ‎1 how- what; 2去掉a plenty of 中的a; 3 comes-came; 4 said-saying; 5 they-we; 6 such-so; 7 obvious-obviously; 8 pay attention 后加to; 9 works-work; 10 but-and 书面表达 Dear Headmaster, We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms. I am in favor of this plan for the following reasons. To begin with, everyone learns differently. Students can customize their iPad with materials that fit their level and learning style, and thus tailor it to different needs. Moreover, when connected to the Internet, students can interact with teachers and classmates about what they learn more conveniently. For the sake of environmental protection, opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Most importantly, I believe students will develop their interests in the subjects by enjoying a new way of learning. I hope you would take my ideas into consideration and we look forward to attending an iPad class.  Yours sincerely, ‎ Li Hua