高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：倒装

高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：倒装

倒　装 下列情况句子需要全部倒装 ‎(1)表示方位的副词(如there，here，up，down，out，in，away等)位于句首，句子谓语是go，come，run等表示位置的动词，可将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。‎ There goes phone again.It’s not stopping ringing all morning.‎ 电话铃又响了。整个上午都响个不停。‎ There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.‎ 仍然有可能出了差错。‎ Here comes the train to Beijing.去北京的火车来了。‎ There goes the bell.铃响了。‎ Down came the rain.下雨了。‎ 但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前。‎ Here he comes.他来了。‎ Here it comes.它来了。‎ ‎(2)由一些表示方位的介词短语引起。‎ In the middle of the mountain lies a temple.‎ 山里有座庙。‎ Inside the temple live many monks.庙里有很多和尚。‎ ‎(3)一些作表语的形容词放在句首。‎ Seated in the lecture hall are hundreds of students.‎ 演讲大厅里坐着数百名学生。‎ Present at the conference were many famous people.‎ 出席会谈的是很多著名人士。‎ 下列情况需要部分倒装 ‎(1)句子以never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly，scarcely等否定意义的副词以及by no means，not until，not a word，not a single等否定词开头的词组一般都用部分倒装语序。‎ Never in all my life have I felt so humiliated.‎ 我这辈子从未感到如此受辱。‎ Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.‎ 一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。‎ Not a word did he say at the last meeting.‎ 在上次会议上他一句话都没说。‎ ‎(2)hardly...when，no sooner...than，not only...but also引导两个分句时，将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装，后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。‎ Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him.‎ 他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。‎ No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.‎ 我刚刚离开家就下雨了。‎ ‎(3)当句子用so，nor，neither开头，来说明前面一句话中谓语表示的情况，也适用于另外一些人或物时，主语和谓语部分倒装，这时谓语只是用助动词、情态动词或系动词来表示。其常见句型是：so/neither/nor＋be (have/do等助动词或情态动词)＋主语。‎ Frank adores dogs and so does his wife.‎ 弗兰克非常爱狗，他妻子也一样。‎ She couldn’t work out the answer，and nor could I.‎ 她算不出答案，我也算不出。‎ ‎(4)当only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，采用部分倒装形式。‎ Only then did I realize the importance.‎ 只有那时我才意识到重要性。‎ Only when I see it with my only eyes do I believe it.‎ 只有亲眼见到，我才相信。‎ ‎(5)在so...that引导的结果状语从句中，当为了强调把so提到句首时，主谓要倒装。‎ So moved was she that she could not say a word.‎ 她激动得一句话也说不出来。‎ So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。‎ So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光速如此之快，我们很难想像。‎ So frightened is he in the darkness that he dare not say a word.‎ 他在黑暗中十分害怕，一句话都不敢说。‎ ‎(6)as引导让步状语从句时句子要用倒装语序，即要将从句中的表语、状语或从句中的动词提到as的前面。在as引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的单数可数名词前不用任何冠词。‎ Try as she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.‎ 无论苏怎么努力，她都打不开门。‎ Popular as he is，the President hasn’t always managed to have his own way.‎ 尽管总统很受人欢迎，但他也并非总按自己的方式办事。‎ ‎(7)在省略if的条件状语从句中，were，had或should要提到句首构成倒装。‎ Had you come a few minutes earlier，you would have seen him.‎ 如果你早来几分钟，你会见到他。‎ Should he be here next week，he would help us.‎ 如果他下周来这儿，他就帮助我们。‎ ‎1．(2009年上海卷)Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away________.‎ A．fleeing the thief　　　　B．was fleeing the thief C．the thief was fleeing D．fled the thief ‎【解析】　句意为：听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。本题考查了全部倒装句。表地点方位的副词away放句首时，句子要全部倒装。正常的语序是：The thief fled away.‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎2．(2009年全国卷Ⅰ)The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only________，but students became more interested in the lessons.‎ A．saved was teachers’ energy ‎ B．was teachers’ energy saved C．teachers’ energy was saved ‎ D．was saved teachers’ energy ‎【解析】　句意为：电脑被应用于教学中。结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂更感兴趣了。此题考查not only用于句首时的倒装结构，not only用于句首时后面的句子必须用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎3．(2009年重庆卷)Unsatisfied________with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience.‎ A．though was he B．though he was C．he was though D．was he though ‎【解析】　句意为：尽管对工资不满意，但为了获得工作经验，他还是接受了这份工作。本题考查though引导状语从句可用倒装的形式，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，但主谓顺序不变。though引导的从句也可以不倒装，前半句可写为：Though he was unsatisfied with the payment。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎4．(2009年山东卷)So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape.‎ A．did the attack　　　　　B．the attack did C．was the attack D．the attack was ‎【解析】　句意为：这次袭击非常突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。so＋adj.放于句首时，主句倒装。sudden是形容词，在句中作表语，故应用was。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎5．(2009年福建卷)For a moment nothing happened.Then________all shouting together.‎ A．voices had come B．came voices C．voices would come D．did voices come ‎【解析】　句意为：那会儿，什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。本题考查倒装句型，副词then，away，out，in 等置于句首，且主语是名词时，主谓要全部倒装。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎6．(2009年江苏卷)Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school.________the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.‎ A．Attend B．To attend C．Attending D．Having attended ‎【解析】　句意为：尊敬的来宾朋友们，欢迎莅临我校。今天早上参加50周年庆典的是来自国内外的校友。本句为倒装句，正常的语序应该是：Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎7．(2009年四川卷)Not until I came home last night________to bed.‎ A．Mum did go B．did Mum go C．went Mum D．Mum went ‎【解析】　句意为：昨晚妈妈直到我回家才上床睡觉。not until引导状语从句且提前置于句首需要部分倒装，又因为时态是过去时(从came可知)，所以要将助动词did提前。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎8．(2008年上海卷)So much of interest________that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.‎ A．offers Beijing B．Beijing offers C．does Beijing offer D．Beijing does offer ‎【解析】　so much置于句首，后面的句子应用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词提到主语前面。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎9．(2008年陕西卷)Not until the motorbike looked almost new________repairing and cleaning it.‎ A．he stopped B．did he stop C．stopped he D．he did stop ‎【解析】　句意为：他把摩托车擦洗和修补得像新的一样才停止下来。not until引导的状语(或状语从句)放在句首，主句部分需部分倒装，所以只有B符合题意。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎10．(2007年安徽卷)Little________that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.‎ A．he realized B．he didn’t realize C．didn’t he realize D．did he realize ‎【解析】　本题考查倒装结构。否定词little位于句首时句子要部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎1．(2010届重庆一中期中测试)Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.‎ A．did he tell B．he told C．was he told D．he was told ‎【解析】　否定词not置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，加之he与tell为动宾关系，故主句应用被动语态；所以选C。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎2．(2010届福建部分重点中学联考)Only under special circumstances________to take makeup tests.‎ A．are freshmen permitted ‎ ‎ B．permitted are freshmen C．freshmen are permitted ‎ ‎ D．are permitted freshmen ‎【解析】　only后面跟状语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，故答案为A。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎3．(2010届江西高安中学月考)—Did you see who the driver was?‎ ‎—No，so quickly________that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.‎ A．does the car speed by B．the car sped by C．did the car speed by D．the car speeds by ‎【解析】　考查倒装句。句型so...that...中so与其后形容词或副词置于句首时，主句部分采用部分倒装结构；此句时态为一般过去时，借助于助动词did构成倒装句。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎4．(2010届江西上高二中月考)________he is，________he can do something that grownups do.‎ A．A boy as；but B．A boy though；yet C．Boy as；yet D．Boy as；but ‎【解析】　考查特殊句式。句意为：虽然他只是一个孩子，但是他可以做一些成年人做的事情。前半句是as引导的让步状语从句，表语前置；此处表语为名词，其前不加冠词。此结构可以和yet，still等连用，但不可与but连用。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎5．(2010届九江地区联考)Hardly________the phone________I was told that the hotel had been booked full.‎ A．I had picked up；when ‎ B．had I picked up；then C．had I picked up；when ‎ ‎ D．I had picked up；then ‎【解析】　考查倒装句和固定句式。本句使用了“hardly...when...”句式，表示“刚一……就……”；当否定副词hardly放在句首时，主句要用倒装结构，因此选C。近年高考试题的单项填空部分有不少试题都呈现“复合型”，一个试题中考查两个或多个语法知识。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎6．(2010届抚州地区联考)Only when class began________that he had left his book at home.‎ A．will he realize B．he did realize C．did he realize D．should he realize ‎【解析】　考查倒装句，当only＋状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装形式。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎7．(2010年皖南八校第二次联考)Little________about H1N1 so far，so there is no doubt that many people are afraid when talking about the disease.‎ A．did scientists known ‎ B．scientists have known C．have scientists known ‎ D．had scientists known ‎【解析】　本题考查时态和倒装。根据关键词so far，可以确定用现在完成时，故排除A、D两项；little表示否定，放句首要倒装。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎8．(2009年福州检测)“By no means，” declared the captain.“________give way to disappointment.”‎ A．we would B．we will C．might we D．shall we ‎【解析】　考查倒装句型。by no means位于句首句子要倒装，根据句意应该用shall we。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎9．(2009年南昌二模)Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.‎ A．did he tell B．he told C．was he told D．he was told ‎ ‎【解析】　考查倒装。not until 置于句首，句子要部分倒装；he 与tell之间存在着动宾关系，要用被动语态，所以答案为C。‎ ‎【答案】 　C ‎10．(2009年绵阳市第三次诊断)________，she talks a lot about her favorite singers after she went home.‎ A．A quiet student as she may be B．Quiet as she may be a student C．Be a quiet student as she may D．Quiet student as she may be ‎【解析】　考查倒装结构。句意为：尽管她是个寡言的学生，但回家后关于她喜欢的歌手她也谈了很多。该倒装结构为：adj.＋n.(单数)＋as＋主语＋谓语。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎11．(2009年西安八校联考二)By the side of the Bird’s Nest________，completed in 2008.‎ A．there standing the Water Cube B．does the Water Cube stand C．the Water Cube stands D．stands the Water Cube ‎【解析】　考查倒装。由于地点状语前置，句子应采用全部倒装语序，即把整个谓语放在主语之前。语境为：鸟巢的旁边就是2008年建成的水立方。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎12．(2009年福州检测)Many people agree that never in history________a more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics.‎ A．there were　　　　　　　　B．has there been C．there has been D．were there ‎【解析】　考查倒装结构。在从句中，否定副词never置于句首，所以要用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎13．(2009年苏州模拟)Not a single word________when he left home and joined the army in 1941.‎ A．did he leave B．left he C．did leave he D．he left ‎【解析】　考查倒装语序。not a single word位于句首时，句子的主语与谓语应该使用部分倒装语序。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎14．(2009年南通三模)We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case________from practice.‎ A．should theory separate ‎ B．should theory be separated C．theory should separate ‎ D．theory should be separated ‎【解析】　考查倒装结构。从in no case可知，后面的句子应用部分倒装，同时theory和separate为动宾关系，应用被动结构，故选B项。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎15．(2009年东北三校联考)—Can I smoke here?‎ ‎—No.In no circumstances________in the library.‎ A．smoking permits ‎ B．smoking is permitted C．does smoking permit ‎ D．is smoking permitted ‎【解析】　考查倒装句。in no circumstances 表示否定，意思是“决不，在任何情况下都不”，放在句首时，句子要倒装，由此排除A、B两项；根据句意可知，permit应该用于被动语态，所以D项正确。‎ ‎【答案】　D