专题22+非谓语动词（三）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

专题22+非谓语动词（三）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

‎ ‎ 考点五 非谓语动词作状语 非谓语动词作状语是历年高考考查非谓语动词的重中之重，同学们应予以高度重视。不定式和分词都能作状语。首先判断用不定式还是分词，然后根据非谓语动词的逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致的原则判断不定式用主动式还是被动式，分词用现在分词还是过去分词。‎ ‎1．分词作状语 分词主要作时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、方式、结果等状语。‎ ‎1. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. （2018北京）‎ A. used B. to use C. using D. use ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. ______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. （2016北京）‎ A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D. Ordered ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】这里作原因状语，应用分词；逻辑主语books与order之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。句意：书是一个星期前订的，所以随时会到。‎ ‎3. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way________ the sun and the stars. (2015重庆)‎ A. used B. having used C. using D. use ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】这里是非谓语动词作方式状语，应用分词；逻辑主语birds与use是主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎4. ______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. (2015天津)‎ ‎ A. To work B. Worked C. To be working D. Having worked ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】这里作时间状语，应用分词；work是不及物动词，故用现在分词，分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，应用完成式。‎ ‎5. __________ in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. (2015天津)‎ ‎ A. To absorb B. To be absorbed C. Absorbed D. Absorbing ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到天色已晚。作原因状语，应用分词；John与absorb之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎6. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ______ me stories till I till asleep, (2013重庆) A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】这里是非谓语动词作伴随状语，应用分词；逻辑主语my mother与tell是主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎7. ______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. (2011天津)‎ A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 答案：B。解析： 非谓语动词作时间状语，应用分词。逻辑主语the sentence与translate之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎8. Though ______ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. (2010 全国)‎ A. surprising B. was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎ ‎2．不定式作状语 不定式主要作目的和结果状语。‎ ‎1. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. （2018北京）‎ A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】这里作目的状语，应用不定式。‎ ‎2. Many airlines now allow passengers print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time. （2017北京）‎ A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】这里作目的状语，应用不定式。‎ ‎3. it easier to get in touch with us, you，d better keep this card at hand. （2016北京）‎ A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】这里作目的状语，应用不定式。‎ ‎4. ________ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. （2015北京）‎ A. Catching B. Caught C. To catch D. Catch ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】这里作目的状语，应用不定式。‎ ‎5. — I hope to take the computer course. （2014四川）‎ ‎— Good idea. ________ more about it, visit this website. ‎ A. To find out B. Finding out C. To be finding out D. Having found out ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】这里作目的状语，应用不定式。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 分词和不定式都可作结果状语，分词表示自然而然的结果，不定式则表示意想不到的结果。‎ ‎1. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _____________ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts. (2018江苏) A. having exceeded B. to exceed C. exceeded D. exceeding ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated. （2017天津）‎ ‎ A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】作结果状语，应用分词；逻辑主语与allow是主动关系，应用现在分词。‎ ‎3. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, _________ air conditioning unnecessary. （2016天津） A. making B. to make C. made D. being made ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】作结果状语，应用分词；逻辑主语与make是主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎4. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit. （2014天津）‎ A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1. 在作表语或补语的形容词后用不定式作状语，且用主动表示被动。如：‎ ‎1. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _________ anything that happened to be on.‎ ‎ (2012全国)‎ A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】修饰形容词的状语应用不定式。‎ ‎2. This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. (2012辽宁)‎ ‎ A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】作表语的形容词后用不定式作状语，且用主动表示被动。‎ ‎3. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad2 more comfortable _______. (2011福建)‎ ‎ A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】这里是修饰做做宾语补足语的形容词comfortable，要用不定式。‎ ‎2. 有时，为了使非谓语动词表达的意义更加明确，在非谓语动词前加必要的连词。这种现象也可看做是状语从句的省略：状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，从句的主语可以省略，同时省略助动词。如：‎ ‎1. If __________ for the job, you’ll be informed soon. (2015北京)‎ A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：如果我们接受你做这项工作，会很快通知你。作条件状语，应用分词；逻辑主语you与accept之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。If accepted也可看作是if you are accepted的省略。‎ ‎2. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on. (2013浙江)‎ A. not treated B. not being treated C. not to be treated D. not have been treated ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎3. Anyone, once __________ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. (2013福建)‎ A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested D. to test ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】这里是条件状语，应用分词；逻辑主语anyone与test是被动关系，故用过去分词。once tested也可看作是once he is tested的省略。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 巩固练习 ‎1. Tony lent me the money, ___ that I’d do as much for him. ‎ ‎ A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】这里是现在分词作伴随状语。‎ ‎2. ______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. ‎ A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】非谓语动词作条件状语，应用分词；逻辑主语tin与use是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎3. Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music and painting. ‎ A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】分词作时间状语，逻辑主语film与compare之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎4. He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the breakfast untouched. ‎ ‎ A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】这里是现在分词作结果状语，分词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之后，应用一般式。‎ ‎5. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.‎ A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. have bathed ‎ ‎ ‎6. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students.‎ ‎ A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】不定式作目的状语。不定式动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之后，故用一般式。‎ ‎7. ______ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. ‎ A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】非谓语动词做原因状语，应用分词；Andy与offer之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎8. If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. having asked ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】作条件状语，应用分词；逻辑主语与ask是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎9. . around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. ‎ A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】非谓语动词做方式状语，应用分词。‎ ‎10. Anyone, once ____ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.‎ A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested D. to test ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】分词作条件状语；逻辑主语与test之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎11. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.‎ A. offering B. to offer C. having offered D. offered ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】这里是分作做定语，逻辑主语opinion与offer是被动关系，故用过去分词。‎ ‎12. ________ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. ‎ A. Being raised B. Raising C. Raised D. To raise ‎ ‎ ‎13. George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】这里表示意想不到的结果，应用不定式。‎ ‎14. ______ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an ‎ elective course. ‎ A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】这里是不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎15. The sunlight is white and blinding, ______ hard-edged shadows on the ground. A. throwing B. being thrown C. to throw D. to be thrown ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词。‎ ‎16. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students.‎ A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】不定式作目的状语。不定式动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之后，故用一般式。‎ ‎17. ________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.‎ A. Staying B. Stayed C. To stay D. Stay ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】这里是不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎18. ______ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. ‎ ‎ A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】非谓语动词作原因状语，故用分词；逻辑主语she与find之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。‎ ‎19. I stopped the car ____ a short break as I was feeling tired. A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎20. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _______ the old town into a dreamland. ‎ A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎