【英语】天津市河北区2020届高三一模试题（解析版）

【英语】天津市河北区2020届高三一模试题（解析版）

天津市河北区2020届高三一模英语试题 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1. —It’s too complex, I think．‎ ‎—________. So we’d better make it easier for students to get involved．‎ A. That’s ridiculous B. That’s the point C. That’s settled D. That’s all right ‎2. Look, what a mess in the room! You things about.‎ A. always throw B. will always throw C. are always throwing D. have always thrown ‎3. opinions on the schedule, they finally reached an agreement.‎ A. Exchanged B. Exchanging C. To exchange D. Having exchanged ‎4. This special school accepts all disabled students, ______ educational level and background.‎ A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of ‎5. — How did you like Nick’s performance last night?‎ ‎—To be honest, his singing didn’t to me much.‎ A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur ‎6. — We got through the most difficult times with their help.‎ ‎— . Those days are gone.‎ A. You said it B. Keep it up ‎ C. That’s terrible D. Take your time ‎7. Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________．‎ A. consequence B. independence C. competence D. intelligence ‎8. I jumped with joy the moment I ______ my driver’s license in the mail.‎ A. receive B. received C. had received D. would receive ‎9. Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams.‎ A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to ‎10. Li Jiaqi, a well-known live streaming host in China, is reported over 8 million followers on Weibo.‎ A. possessing B. to be possessing C. having possessed D. to have possessed ‎11.—What do you think made the 92nd Academy Awards so special?‎ ‎—________Parasite from South Korea won a total of four Oscars.‎ A. Because B. What C. That D. Whether ‎12. According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _____ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.‎ A. can B. shall C. will D. may ‎13. —How are things going, Mr. White?‎ ‎—Well, they have set out to deal with the present situation ________ they think deserves their immediate attention.‎ A. what B. where ‎ C. When D. which ‎14. I say Tom is a smart boy, he still needs to work hard to achieve his goal.‎ A. Because B. When C. As D. While ‎15. No one in the world is perfect, and even famous people may have their .‎ A. feet of clay B. cup of tea ‎ C. piece of cake D. hearts of gold 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ Madagascar was not the paradise I expected. A reporter and I were ___16___ there to find ‎ out who was helping with drought relief and the prevention of famine (饥荒).‎ After a three-hour ride in a van, we ___17___ in the small town of Ambovombe. Peter immediately ___18___ over to the hospital to speak with a local doctor on our topics of interest. Since I didn’t need to photograph the background ___19___with the doctor, I wandered out to the road.‎ I raised my ___20___ to get some pictures before the sun went down. I’ve ___21___ been to Madagascar before, and until you’ve actually photographed in a place, you don’t know how people will ___22___ to the camera.‎ I photographed a handsome man who was ___23___ a wall in the golden light of dusk. No reaction. I took a breath. After a while, everyone within a 20-yard radius had ___24___ me. Some called out to each other, playfully teasing those I’d ___25___ .‎ Soon after, a mother encouraged me to photograph her young children. I ___26___ a moment. They were dressed in ___27___ clothes. One of them may not have even had any pants on – not because her parents were neglectful, but because they couldn’t ___28___ them.‎ Their mother really ___29___ me to photograph them. This happens everywhere I go. Parents, ___30___ of their children, ask me to take a photo. I’d taken this photo of cute smiling children over and over. I don’t usually save ___31___, but I saved this one.‎ Why? The children’s ___32___. It’s something so powerful yet so ___33___ that we sometimes miss it. This mom, despite all the ___34___ obvious to an outsider’s eyes, found in her children something she wanted a photograph to remember. That’s because she saw a(n) ___35___ picture: She saw them with a mother’s heart. As should we all.‎ ‎16. A. expected B. assigned ‎ C. allowed D. persuaded ‎17. A. arrived B. explored C. searched D. camped ‎18. A. took B. thought C. headed D. put ‎19. A. discussion B. interview C. program D. practice ‎20. A. paper B. hand C. head D. camera ‎21. A. just B. seldom C. never D. already ‎22. A. respond B. adapt ‎ C. return D. contribute ‎23. A. coming out B. standing up ‎ C. wandering out D. leaning against ‎24. A. caught B. noticed ‎ C. found D. suspected ‎25. A. helped with B. stared at ‎ C. referred to D. focused on ‎26. A. watched B. regretted C. hesitated D. choked ‎27. A. beautiful B. funny C. dirty D. colorful ‎28. A. serve B. afford C. choose D. bring ‎29. A. wanted B. informed C. reminded D. paid ‎30. A. afraid B. sure C. aware D. proud ‎31. A. images B. cards C. gifts D. words ‎32. A. clothes B. kindness ‎ C. mother D. expectation ‎33. A. emotional B. changeable C. sensitive D. common ‎34. A. adventures B. disadvantages C. curiosity D. support ‎35. A. different B. natural ‎ C. broad D. interesting 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A You might think you’re in control of your schedule, but your body developed to follow a natural rhythm. Sticking closer to that routine can help keep you in wonderful shape.‎ ‎·Drink coffee Drinking coffee is best done early in the day. If you drink coffee later, it can reset your body’s clock and prevent sleep. If you’re sure you can take a shot of espresso (浓咖啡) at 8 pm and be sleeping by 10 pm, try skipping the caffeine for a few weeks to see what a night of truly good rest feels like.‎ ‎·Eat It’s best to eat your biggest meal early, contrary to a typical American day. Insulin (胰岛素 ‎) — the hormone (激素) that regulates metabolism (新陈代谢) — peaks in the first half of the day, then steadily drops. So your blood sugar is less likely to skyrocket after a big breakfast than after a comparable dinner.‎ ‎·Sleep Around 8 pm or 9 pm, our bodies start to cool down, and we sleep better when we have a low core body temperature. But how much shut-eye is ideal? Studies show that those who get six and a half to eight hours are less likely to die early. Eight hours seems to be perfect.‎ ‎·Exercise Some people swear by early-morning jogs. But muscle tone is highest around 5 pm Even professionals get a boost: West Coast NFL teams won more often and by a higher margin (差数) in matches after 8 pm on the East Coast. Still on Pacific time, their body were primed to play.‎ ‎·Be creative The evolution of language, religion, and philosophy all started with late-night talks—and research suggests there is still a different cast to our night thinking. So save that short story you’ve been meaning to write for a dark and restless night.‎ ‎·Do math Scientists think we reach maximum alertness between 10 am and 2 pm, with a peak around noon. For the first few hours after we wake, organs with more basic functions take priority. Once they’re booted up, our brains have a chance to hog (把……占为己有) some more energy.‎ ‎36. The author suggests people who drink coffee late in the day___________.‎ A. go to bed without drinking coffee B. break their habit and go to bed early C. go to bed two hours after drinking coffee D. stick to their habit to have a truly good sleep ‎37. What can be learned from the third paragraph?‎ A. Americans usually have their biggest meal in the morning.‎ B. Insulin plays an important role in controlling our blood sugar.‎ C. The higher your insulin level is, the higher your blood sugar level is.‎ D. People’s blood sugar level is normally higher in the morning than in the afternoon.‎ ‎38. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?‎ A. Having a higher body temperature helps people sleep better.‎ B. People with eight hours’ sleeping each night live longer than those with shorter hours’ sleeping.‎ C. Students should work on their math tasks as soon as they get up because their brains work best at the time.‎ D. Professional athletes are likely to achieve better results when training in the late afternoon than in the early morning.‎ ‎39. Joanna is a promising young writer whose microblog enjoys one million followers. What is probably the best time for her to write inspiring stories for her fans?‎ A. 8 am. B. 11 pm.‎ C. 6 pm. D. 10 am.‎ B When I tell people I wrote a book with my dad, they usually say, “It must be nice to think of the legacy (留下来的东西) you created with someone who means so much to you.”‎ This was a beautiful idea, but it was not the way I, or my dad, ever thought about the cooperation. Though we created something we’re proud of, “nice” is not the word either of us uses to describe the process.‎ ‎“It was more confrontation than cooperation,” my dad likes to say. I agree. When we landed a book deal, we began a writing journey that was more difficult than either of us had anticipated, but also far more rewarding.‎ For almost three years, we met once or twice a week at my parents’ house and talked daily to plan and outline each chapter. After these meetings, one of us would write a rough draft that the other would build on. I wanted the book to focus on positive vices (不良习惯), such as moderate chocolate. However, my dad felt the book should include chapters dealing with things like walking and spending time with family. Ultimately, I saw it his way. He said the book was about more than just good vices. It was about encouraging people to enjoy life in healthy ways.‎ Writing this book was a reminder that our family members share not only our faults but also our strengths. My dad is smart, funny, critical and caring. He has a strong passion for the truth. I hope I share these great qualities. For this book, he researched each topic with an enthusiasm I’d never seen from him, and he insisted that we constantly question and critically analyze every piece ‎ of information — even our own conclusions. He was determined to cooperate with me on a book, not because he couldn’t write one on his own, but because he believed that we could create something better together than we could alone.‎ I’m not sure if our cooperation led to better writing, but I’m sure it led to a better writing experience. Writing this book was difficult, sometimes more difficult than past projects, but it was never lonely.‎ ‎40. How would the author describe the writing process according to the first three paragraphs?‎ A. Nice. B. Struggling.‎ C. Relaxing. D. Disappointing.‎ ‎41. The author’s father insisted the book should include _____________.‎ A. chapters focusing on positive vices B. chapters focusing on having much chocolate C. chapters focusing on enjoying life in healthy ways D. chapters focusing on reading the interesting legends ‎42. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?‎ A. A healthy lifestyle.‎ B. The theme of the book.‎ C. Why the author wanted to write a book.‎ D. How the author and his father worked together.‎ ‎43. What can we learn about the author’s father?‎ A. He is not good at writing.‎ B. He lacks confidence in himself.‎ C. He likes to criticize others’ works.‎ D. He likes to get to the bottom of things.‎ ‎44. What did the author learn from the cooperation with his father?‎ A. It’s important to make a plan before work.‎ B. Communicate more when there is an argument.‎ C. It’s worthwhile to work with someone close to you.‎ D. Their cooperation resulted in a better book than the author expected.‎ C From amazing modern buildings, like Dubai’s Burj Khalifa, to classic designs, like London’s Westminster Abbey, our world is full of wonderful architecture. Such landmarks give cities character and bring communities together.‎ With this in mind, the Guardian recently listed their 25 favorite building designs of the 21st century.‎ Instead of focusing on grand designs, the list emphasizes buildings with creative concepts. Top of the list was London’s Tate Modern. Built on a small budget, the design showed it was OK to be different. The architects changed a 1950s power station into an art museum. They kept many aspects of the original building, simply adding new elements with glass, steel and raw concrete. Its designer, Jacques Herzog, told the Guardian: “We had to keep it raw. We didn’t want to go for charm or add decorative elements or formal details. Poor materials and ugliness are powerful aesthetic (美学的) elements.”‎ Another museum that followed the restoration principle was the Neues Museum in Berlin, Germany. Initially built in 1855, the museum was heavily bombed during World War II. In 1997, planning for the rebuilding project brought it back to life by combining both old and new architecture. When it re-opened in 2009, visitors could see the original Greek-style courtyard and restored wall paintings alongside a modern central stairwell (楼梯井) and glass roof. At the time, The New York Times wrote, “A modern building inhabits the ghost of an old one.”‎ Apart from these creative Western museums, two Chinese buildings were also included on the Guardian’s list: the Xiangshan Campus of the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou and Beijing National Stadium.‎ Beijing National Stadium was selected for its special steel design. According to the Guardian, the stadium was built using 42,000 tons of steel, weaving through one another in the shape of a bird’s nest and embracing the bowl-shaped seating area. Despite the random appearance of these steel pieces, the stadium is nearly symmetrical (对称的). Due to its complexity, its architects said it presented “brilliant aesthetic and structural challenges”, the New York Post noted. These buildings are loved for their innovative architecture.‎ According to US architect Frank Lloyd Wright, “Architecture is the triumph (胜利) of human imagination over materials, methods, and men, to put man into possession of his own Earth.”‎ ‎45. What is the purpose of this article?‎ A. To compare Western and Chinese architecture.‎ B. To show the importance of landmarks to a city.‎ C. To inform readers about popular architecture concepts.‎ D. To describe innovative building designs recognized by the Guardian.‎ ‎46. What is true about London’s Tate Modern?‎ A. It was built on the site of an old bus station.‎ B. It put together different decorative elements.‎ C. Architects used London’s history as inspiration.‎ D. Raw materials were used to create a unique look.‎ ‎47. What do Tate Modern and the Neues Museum have in common?‎ A. They both have modern glass roofs.‎ B. They were both damaged during World War II.‎ C. Their designs combine both old and modern elements.‎ D. Both were first built in the middle of the 19th century.‎ ‎48. According to the article, what makes Beijing National Stadium unique?‎ A. Its symmetrical design.‎ B. Its complicated steel design.‎ C. Its bowl-shaped seating area.‎ D. The brilliant design of its main gate.‎ ‎49. According to the Guardian, what quality do all the designs share?‎ A. They are creative.‎ B. They were expensive.‎ C. They restored old buildings.‎ D. They use steel as the main material.‎ D When people learn to play video games, they are learning a new literacy. Of course, this is not the way the word “literacy” is normally used. Traditionally, people think of literacy as the ability to read and write. Why, then, should we think of literacy more broadly?‎ Nowadays, language is not the only important communication system. Images, graphs,‎ ‎ diagrams and many other visual symbols are particularly significant. Thus, the idea of different types of “visual literacy” would seem to be an important one. For example, being able to read the images in advertising is one type of visual literacy.‎ Furthermore, very often today words and images of various sorts are juxtaposed in a variety of ways. In newspapers and magazines as well as in textbooks, images take up more and more of the space alongside words. In fact, in many modern high school and college textbooks, images not only take up more space, they now carry meanings that are independent of the words in the text. If you can’t read these images, you will not be able to understand their meanings from the words in the text as was more usual in the past.‎ Now there are different ways to read different types of texts. Literacy is multiple, then, in the sense that the legal literacy needed for reading law books is not the same as the literacy needed for reading physics texts or cartoon books. And we should not be too quick to dismiss the latter form of literacy. Many cartoon books are full of images that would make a modern literary critic’s heart beat fast and confuse any otherwise normal adult.‎ Once we see this multiplicity of literacy, we realize that when we think about reading and writing, we have to think beyond print. Reading and writing in any field, whether it is law, rap songs, academic essays or cartoon books, are not the only ways of decoding(解密) print. Video games are a new form of art. They will not replace books; they will sit beside them, interact with them, and change them and their role in society in various ways, as, indeed, they are already doing strongly with movies. We have no idea yet how people “read” video games, what meanings they make from them. Still less do we know how they will “read” them in the future.‎ ‎50. What is the broad meaning of literacy?‎ A. The ability to read, write and view.‎ B. The ability to read, listen and play.‎ C. The ability to speak, write and think.‎ D. The ability to listen, speak and think.‎ ‎51. What does the underlined word “juxtaposed” mean in Paragraph 3?‎ A. Put together. B. Pulled out.‎ C. Taken away. D. Replaced with.‎ ‎52. How would cartoon books probably make a modern literary critic feel?‎ A. Proud. B. Upset.‎ C. Grateful. D. Curious.‎ ‎53. The author says that video games _______________.‎ A. are too violent to risk experimenting with for the purposes of understanding literacy B. are unrealistic and should not fall into the same categories as the other texts he describes C. are not yet entirely understood in terms of literacy, but are already impacting other forms of expression such as filmmaking D. are irrelevant in academic discussion because no one has yet determined how to explain the ways that people understand them ‎54. What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?‎ A. A historical explanation of the very first video game and its evolution.‎ B. A technological definition of video games, how they are made, and how they are played.‎ C. Examples of the way that some people currently interpret video games and what they mean to them.‎ D. A price comparison of video game consoles and whether or not quality has a direct impact on literacy.‎ ‎55. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?‎ A. Education. B. Health.‎ C. Advertisement. D. Traveling.‎ 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。‎ Two years ago, I watched the film Everest, in which adventurers get stuck on the mountain during a snowstorm. I immediately knew I had to start climbing. It’s not the reaction most people have to that film; maybe I just needed more adventure in my life. And six months later, I climbed my first mountain, Mount Whitney, in California – North America’s highest peak.‎ In the summer of 2017, I decided to climb the highest peak in every European country.‎ Growing up in Sweden, I was encouraged by my father to be outdoors all the time, but I wasn’t a serious adventurer. I wanted to see if someone ordinary like me could climb mountains.‎ I didn’t do any preparation for the first mountain, which was Mount Elbrus in Russia. It was ‎ exhausting, but I thought I would get fit climbing the rest, and I did.‎ Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put into words. You are in a beautiful environment and, when you reach the top, you feel incredible. But you also have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen. I don’t climb mountains that I am not ready for, but each one I climb takes me to the next step.‎ I wanted to end the project at home, on Sweden’s highest peak (‎2,097 m). It has two peaks: the north is rocky, and the south is icy. So alongside my camera assistant, I climbed both while wearing a superhero suit. It didn’t feel as special as I’d hoped when I reached the top, but when I posted on Instagram, people started congratulating me, I felt proud.‎ In total, I spent about €50,000, which is double what I had planned, but I eventually climbed 61 mountains in Europe.‎ You have to work on your weak sides while climbing. I don’t like not being in control, but you cannot control anything on a mountain. It’s made me a better person. When you’re on a mountain for hours alone with your thoughts, it’s like meditation. It makes you so much stronger, physically, and mentally.‎ My goal now is always to have a mountain in my calendar. One day I will climb Mount Qomolangma when I’m ready for it.‎ ‎56. What made the author start climbing? (no more than 15 words)‎ ‎57. How did the author feel after her first climb of her 2017 project?(no more than 15 words)‎ ‎58. What’s the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 5? (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎59. What does the author think of her mountain climbing experience according to Paragraph 8? (no more than 10 words)‎ ‎60. How do you like mountain climbing? And Why? Please explain.(no more than 25 words)‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎61.假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，你的美国笔友Chris正在学习汉语，他得知你校在线开设了中国诗词课程，非常感兴趣并想参加学习，便写信给你，希望你介绍相关情况。请根据以下提示给他写一封回信。‎ 主要内容：（1）你校使用钉钉（DingTalk）软件进行在线教学此课程。‎ ‎（2）使用钉钉（DingTalk）的方法。‎ ‎（3）在线中国诗词课程的特色。‎ 注意：（1）词数不少于100；‎ ‎（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；‎ ‎（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Chris,‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Lijin ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ ‎1.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——那太复杂了，我认为。——那正是问题的关键。因此我们最好让学生更容易参与。It’s ridiculous．那太荒谬了；That’s the point那正是问题的关键；That’s settled那就解决了；That’s all right没关系。根据“It’s too complex, I think．”可知，复杂是问题的关键所在。B项符合语境。‎ ‎2.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：看看，你的房间一团糟！你总是在到处乱扔东西。分析句子可知，这里是讲话者在作批评，而always用于现在进行时表示感情的好恶，符合句子的感情色彩。故选C项。‎ ‎3.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在对时间安排交换意见后，他们最终达成了一致。分析句子结构可知，exchange opinions作状语，非谓语动词exchange与主语they之间是主动关系（他们交换意见），要用现在分词形式；且非谓语动词代表的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，要用完成式。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】在非谓语动词中，不定式虽然没有人称和数的变化，但所表示的动作仍具有时间先后顺序，可分为一般式to do、进行式to be doing和完成式to have done。其中，一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其之后发生；进行式则表示同时发生；完成式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。类似的，动词的-ing形式保留着动词的若干特征，有时态的变化形式，分为一般式doing和完成式having done。其中一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其之后发生，有时也指一般性的动作，不明确说明动作先后；完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。在确定使用非谓语动词之后，与谓语动词的发生时间先后也是需要考虑的因素，本题中就是在确定使用动词-ing形式后，注意到“先交换意见后达成协议”的顺序，确定了要用完成式。‎ ‎4.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：不管教育的水平和背景，这所特殊学校接受所有的残疾学生。A根据；B不管，尽管； C除……之外；D就……而言；在……方面。根据“This special school accepts all disabled students”可知，不管教育的水平和背景，所有的残疾学生都接受。故B正确。‎ ‎【点睛】介词短语一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点，平时要加强记忆。本题的四个选项都很重要，尤其要注意四个短语在具体语言环境中的使用，考生应注意对短语的正确归类和对词义的准确理解。‎ ‎5.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定短语。句意：——你觉得Nick昨晚的表演怎么样？——说实话，他的歌唱不怎么吸引我。A. appeal(to)吸引；B. belong(to)属于；C. refer(to)提到，参考；D. occur(to)发生。分析句意可知，这里讲话者在对Nick的表现作评价，appeal to意为“吸引……”，符合句意。故选A项。‎ ‎6.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查习惯表达。句意：——我们在他们的帮助下度过了最艰难的时光。——你说对了。那些日子已经一去不复返了。A. You said it你说得对，你说到点子上了；B. Keep it up坚持下去，别放松；C. That’s terrible太糟糕了；D. Take your time慢慢来。分析句意可知，第二个讲话者要表示对第一个人说法的肯定。故选A项。‎ ‎7.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们要不断地更新自己的知识以保持他们能够胜任工作的能力。A. consequence 结果； B. independence独立； C. competence 资格，能力，胜任，称职 ；D. intelligence 智力。根据句意，C项符合此处语境。故选C。‎ ‎8.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：我一收到邮寄来的驾照，就高兴得跳了起来。the moment引导的时间状语从句，主句主语与从句主语几乎同时发生，且句子都为一般过去时。故选B项。‎ ‎9.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加运动队。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；这里指父母应该敦促孩子利用机会参加体育运动队。故C项正确。‎ ‎10.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李佳琦，一个中国的网络直播主持人，据报道在微博上有超过800万个粉丝。分析句子可知，这里用了被动语态，在原本的主动语态里有report sb. to do sth.意为“报道某人做某事”，转换为被动语态是sb. be reported to do sth.而谓语动词代表的动作发生在非谓语动词代表的动作之前（先有粉丝后被报道），要用完成式。故选D项。‎ ‎11.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查主语从句。句意：——你认为是什么让第92届奥斯卡金像奖如此特别？——那个来自韩国的《寄生虫》一共赢得了四项奥斯卡奖。根据语境，回答的内容应该是what的内容。what在句中作主语，所以答语应该能在这个句子中作主语，答语中没有疑问的意思也不缺少成分，此处应该用that。故选C项。‎ ‎12.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见； 二三人称陈述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulation（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。‎ ‎13.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——事情进展的怎么样，珍妮？——他们已经开始着手处理目前的现状，他们认为这值得引起他们的注意，下文中先行词the present situation为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语，指物，故引导词用which，故选D。‎ ‎14.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然我说了Tom是个聪明的孩子，但他还是需要努力学习才能完成目标。分析句意可知，前后句逻辑上呈现的是转折关系，其中只有while可以表示转折关系。故选D项。‎ ‎15.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定短语。句意：世界上没有完美的人，就连名人都可能有自己的缺点。A. feet of clay品格上的缺陷；B. cup of tea喜好、爱好；C. piece of cake小菜一碟；D. hearts of gold心地善良。后句在解释前句提出的观点“世上没有完美的人”，也就是任何人都有缺点，明星也不例外。故选A项。‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身为摄影师的作者被派往马达加斯加的一个小镇上工作，在那里遇到了一位母亲，尽管她的孩子衣衫褴褛，她却执意要作者帮他们拍照留念，作者由此感悟出了母爱的伟大。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一位记者被派去那里搞清楚是谁在帮忙。A. expected期待；B. assigned委派；C. allowed允许；D. persuaded劝说。从下文作者的经历来看，是被派遣去做调查，be assigned to意为“被指派……”，符合要求。故选B项。‎ ‎17题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个小时的车程后，我们到达了Ambovombe的一个小镇上。A. arrived到达；B. explored探索；C. searched寻找；D. camped露营。分析文意可知，作者一行经过漫长车程到达了目的地。故选A项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peter马上前往医院与一位当地的医生对话。A. reporter记者；B. nurse护士；C. doctor医生；D. patient患者。下一句中有the doctor呼应，应该是与医生对话。故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我不需要拍摄与医生的采访，所以我在路上闲逛。A. discussion讨论；B. interview采访，面试；C. program节目；D. practice实践。与上一句的speak with对应，这里指身为记者去采访当地的医生。故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拿起相机想要在太阳落山前拍一些照片。A. paper纸张；B. hand手；C. head头；D. camera相机。与作者photograph的动作对应，且目的是要to get some images“获得一些图像”可知，是要拿起相机拍照。故选D项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：我以前从未来过马达加斯加。A. just刚刚；B. seldom很少；C. never从不；D. already已经。下一句提到“直到你真的在一个地方拍摄，你才会知道人们会对镜头有什么反应”，说明以前作者是没来过这里的。故选C项。‎ ‎22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到你真的在一个地方拍摄，你才会知道人们会对镜头有什么反应。A. respond反应；B. adapt适应；C. return返回；D. contribute贡献。下一段描写的是人们对于相机感到新鲜，这里应该指不知道人们对相机会是什么反应。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拍了一名帅气的男子，他斜靠在墙上，沐浴在黄昏金色的阳光里。A. discovered发现；B. greeted问候；C. asked询问；D. photographed拍摄。承接上文作者想要拍点东西，这里应该是他拍摄了这名男子。故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，方圆‎20码的所有人都注意到了我。A. caught抓住；B. noticed注意；C. found找到；D. suspected怀疑。从前一句的No reaction“没有反应”到后来called out each other“互相喊叫”，显然我拍摄的行为已经引起了众人的注意。故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：有些人互相喊叫着，玩笑似地逗弄那些我聚焦着的人。A. helped with帮助；B. stared at盯着；C. referred to提到；D. focused on聚焦。从先前的没有反应到现在众人注意，我拍摄的焦点一定也会成为大家关注的对象。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫了一下。A. watched观看；B. regretted后悔；C. hesitated犹豫；D. choked噎住。一位母亲让我给她的孩子拍照，而从下文中作者对这家人的观察、甚至有人没裤子可穿来看，应该是会有所犹豫的。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们穿着脏兮兮的衣服。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. funny好玩的；C. dirty肮脏的；D. colorful多彩的。下一句中甚至有人没裤子可穿，显然这家人是比较贫穷的，衣服自然也不会光鲜。故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他们买不起衣服。A. serve服务；B. afford支付（得起）；C. choose选择；D. bring带来。既然并非父母不重视，只能是因为经济条件不支持了，也就是买不起。故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们母亲真得很想让我给他们拍照。A. wanted想要；B. informed告知；C. reminded提醒；D. paid支付。从下文内容来看，不止这位母亲，许多父母们都想有一张孩子们的照片作纪念。故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为自己的孩子们而骄傲的父母们，都让我拍照。A. afraid害怕的；B. sure确定的；C. aware意识到；D. proud骄傲的。下文中提到，正是因为在孩子们身上发现了值得记住的东西，才会拍照，be proud of“为……而自豪”符合文意。故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一般不会保存这些图片。A. images图片；B. cards卡片；C. gifts礼物；D. words话语。上一句讲作者会一遍遍地按照那些父母的要求拍摄照片，但只保留了这一个，指的就是照片。故选A项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是因为这些孩子们的母亲。A. clothes衣服；B. kindness善良；C. mother母亲；D. expectation期待。从最后一段的总结来看，是这位母亲的母爱感动了作者。故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种东西如此强大又如此普遍，让我们有时都会忘记其存在。A. emotional情感的；B. changeable可改变的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. common 共同的，普遍的。本段总结母亲对孩子们无私的爱，就是it指代的内容，它很强大，而每个人都享有也很普遍。故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查辨名词词义析。句意：这位母亲，尽管全是在外人看来明显不好的东西，却能在孩子们身上发现她想让一张照片记录下来的东西。A. adventures冒险；B. disadvantages劣势，缺点；C. curiosity好奇；D. support支持。作者拍照前因为这家孩子衣服不得体而犹豫，这位母亲却执意要拍，可见她为了拍照是可以不在意这些“缺陷”的。故选B项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是因为她看到了不同的画面。A. different不同的；B. natural自然的；C. broad宽阔的；D. interesting有趣的。作者和我们看到的是衣衫褴褛，而孩子们的母亲是怀着母亲的心去看的，她看到的不是这些东西。故选A项。‎ 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）‎ ‎【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，文章就如何保持身体状态良好，从饮食、睡眠、锻炼等多个方面提供了一些建议。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“If you’re sure you can take a shot of espresso (浓咖啡) at 8 pm and be sleeping by 10 pm, try skipping the caffeine for a few weeks to see what a night of truly good rest feels like.”可知，作者劝告晚上喝咖啡的人们尝试别喝咖啡，然后就能改善睡眠。故选A项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，胰岛素是一种控制新陈代谢的激素，因其分泌的特点，通过进食增高的血糖水平，晚上比早上更容易飙升，可见胰岛素对于控制血糖很有用。故选B项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“But muscle tone is highest around 5 pm Even professionals get a boost: West Coast NFL teams won more often and by a higher margin (差数) in matches after 8 pm on the East Coast.”可知，下午五点时人的肌肉张力达到峰值，后面举出了例子证实运动员在傍晚取得的成绩更佳，D选项“‎ 专业运动员在傍晚训练比在早上更有可能取得好成绩”符合文意。故选D项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，人在晚上有着不同的思维模式，适合进行创作、构思创意。题目中Joanna要给粉丝写故事，最佳的时间也应该选在晚上。故选B项。‎ ‎【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D 43. D 44. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和他的父亲合作写了一本书，尽管过程并不完全顺利，但两人都从中收获很多。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据前三段中对于这次写书过程的描述“more confrontation than cooperation”“more difficult than either of us had anticipated”可知，写作过程是有一些冲突、比较艰难的，B选项struggling意为“步履维艰的”，符合文意。故选B项。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, my dad felt the book should include chapters dealing with things like walking and spending time with family. Ultimately, I saw it his way. He said the book was about more than just good vices. It was about encouraging people to enjoy life in healthy ways.”可知，作者的父亲坚持书里要包含描写散步、与家人共度时光的章节，用意就是鼓励人们以健康的方式享受生活。故选C项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。梳理第五段的内容可知，作者通过描写父亲对于写书很重视，对每一个主题都非常认真非常重视，最后一句也点明了“because he believed that we could create something better together than we could alone.”两个人合作的结果会更好。D选项“作者和父亲是怎么合作的”符合文意。故选D项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中“he insisted that we constantly question and critically analyze every piece of information — even our own conclusions”可知，作者的父亲坚持要对每条信息认真地分析推敲，D选项“get to the bottom of things”意为“刨根问底、追究底细”，符合父亲的这一特点。故选D项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为这次合作写书的经历能带来更好的写作经历，虽然过程艰难，但从不孤独。C选项“和一个亲近的人一起合作是值得的”符合文意。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】段落大意题主要考查考生对某一段落的理解程度及把握该段落在整个语篇中所起作用的能力，一般针对该段落的主旨或目的设题。做这类题，关键在于抓住该段落的内容要点。常用技巧有：1.寻找主题句。有的文章中段落的主题句在段首或段位。这类文章一般段内层次较为分明，多采用“总——分”或“分——总”结构。要把握段落的逻辑结构，就要特别关注段落内起过渡作用的词汇，如however，but，and，also，for example，in conclusion，on the contrary等。2.通过关键词概括。有些段落没有明确的主题句，需要考生依据已知的细节自己归纳段落大意。这时可通过略读筛选出最能表达作者意图的关键词，进而确定作者要表达的真正意思。第3小题提问第五段的主旨大意，可以看到本段在作者父亲如何讲求事实、追根问底上着墨甚多，实际上仍然体现的是两人合作的成书过程，所以本段的主题是作者与父亲合作写书的过程。‎ ‎【答案】45. D 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英国卫报最近排出了21世纪最喜欢的二十五大建筑设计，中央美院象山校区和鸟巢国家体育馆也名列其中。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。总览全文，从卫报评选的名单引入，挑选了其中几个建筑作了介绍，D选项“描述一些卫报认证的有创意的建筑设计”符合文意。故选D项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段设计者的描述“We had to keep it raw. We didn’t want to go for charm or add decorative elements or formal details. Poor materials and ugliness are powerful aesthetic (美学的) elements”可知，通过原材料的运用可以表现出强烈的美感，正是其独特之处。故选D项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段对两个建筑的描述可知，泰特现代美术馆“They kept many aspects of the original building, simply adding new elements with glass, steel and raw concrete”保留原始建筑同时增加了新的现代元素，而新柏林博物馆也在修缮过程中“planning for the rebuilding project brought it back to life by combining both old and new architecture”‎ 直言结合了新旧时代的建筑艺术，这是两者的共同点。故选C项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 推理判断题。从第六段对于鸟巢的描述中不难看出，重点就是围绕特殊的钢结构，而这正是鸟巢最独特的地方。故选B项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Instead of focusing on grand designs, the list emphasizes buildings with creative concepts.”可知，这份榜单强调的是建筑中的创造性理念，这一点在每个代表建筑的介绍中也都有体现。故选A项。‎ ‎【答案】50. A 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. C 55. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章指出因为如今的交流方式多种多样不仅限于文字，我们需要学习新的视觉上的“读写能力”。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第二段对于时下literacy的含义作了解释，它已不再局限于读写能力，根据“Thus, the idea of different types of “visual literacy” would seem to be an important one.”可知，视觉上的读写能力，也就是观看各种图片、照片、图表等视觉符号的能力也包含其中。故选A项。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。在第三段的描述中，图像正在占据越来越多的内容，而且传达的信息也独立于文字之外，可以推断出这里指文字和图像在很多地方已经可以并列、相提并论了，与alongside一词呼应。A选项意为“放到一起”，符合文意。故选A项。‎ ‎52题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Many cartoon books are full of images that would make a modern literary critic’s heart beat fast and confuse any otherwise normal adult.”可知，本段表明欣赏不同的作品形式需要不同的方法，因此漫画书会使得现代文学批评家“心跳加快”，言下之意他们欣赏不了，B选项“沮丧的”可以描述这种心情。故选B项。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They will not replace books; they will sit beside them, interact with them, and change them and their role in society in various ways, as, indeed, they are already doing strongly with movies. We have no idea yet how people “read” video games, what meanings ‎ they make from them.”可知，作者认为电子游戏会与书本产生作用，而且已经对电影有了影响，但对于这种新的形式了解还不够充分，符合C选项的描述。故选C项。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 推理判断题。总览全文，文章在一开始就提出了电子游戏是新的形式，从而引出了“读写能力”的新定义，在最后一段又写回了电子游戏这一新的艺术形式，下文有可能会将重点放在其上，描写相关内容，同时也不能脱离主题，C选项“举一些人的例子说明他们如何解释电子游戏以及电子游戏对于他们的意义”是比较有可能的一个方向。故选C项。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章的关键词是“literacy”，全文也围绕着新的“读写能力”在展开，显然是一个教育类主题。故选A项。‎ 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ ‎【答案】56. She watched the film Everest and she thought she needed more adventure in her life. ‎ ‎57. She felt exhausted/tired, but she thought she would get fit climbing the rest.‎ Or: She found the benefit of mountain climbing. ‎ ‎58. Describe in words. ‎ ‎59. Climbing mountains makes the author a better person.‎ Or: Climbing mountains makes her so much stronger, physically, and mentally. ‎ ‎60. Open.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者分享了自己两年间攀登了欧洲61座山峰的历程，这些经历让她收获很多。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。题意：是什么使得作者开始爬山的？根据第一段中“maybe I just needed more adventure in my life”可知，作者两年前看了电影《绝命海拔》从而决定去爬山的，要从这一点上回答。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 细节理解题。题意：2017年第一次爬山作者感觉如何？根据第四段“It was exhausting, but ‎ I thought I would get fit climbing the rest, and I did.”可知，第一次爬山后作者感到很累但是觉得能坚持完成剩下的路程，这就是她的感受。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。题意：第五段划线部分的意思是什么？第五段中作者表示“登山是一种难以……的经历”，从下文对于感受的描述来看，周围环境很美，登顶时感到不可思议，其实就是想表达难以“用语言描述”的意思，从这一点上作答即可。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 细节理解题。题意：根据第八段，作者认为她的登山经历怎么样？第八段中作者讲到，登山能让人克服弱点，能使人从身体和精神上都变得更强大。可以根据主题句“It’s made me a better person”作出回答。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 开放题。题意：你觉得登山怎么样？为什么？请做出解释。本题属于开放性题目，表述清楚自己的观点，言之有理即可，注意字数限制，文章中的观点可以作为借鉴。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题要求考生准确理解文中某些关键单词或词组的含义，包括对超纲词义的推断以及熟词生义的猜测，需要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的含义。猜测词义的方法一般有以下几种：1.通过构词法（派生、合成、转化）猜测。2.通过已有的同义词或反义词猜测，即在上下文找出该生词的其他表示方法，由此推断其含义。3.通过同位语猜测。4.通过解释性的词语，如that is，that is to say，in other words等，以及标点符号，如破折号、括号等引出的对该词的解释性词、句猜测。5.通过具体语境中体现出来的某种关系，如因果关系、转折关系等进行猜测。第3小题对于短语put into words的理解可以结合段落大意去推测，短语所在句用定语从句形容登山的经历，后面的句子也都在尽量描述登山的感受但又没有明确的描述性词汇，就不难猜测到“用语言描述”的意思了。另外，也可以从短语字面意义上去挖掘一些信息，put into words字面义大致是“放入文字、话语中”，也可以帮助推测词义。‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎【答案】Dear Chris,‎ I’m glad that you show great interest in Chinese culture. The course of Chinese poetry online attracted most of students in our school and aroused our passion for traditional Chinese culture.‎ Now let me tell you this course in detail. As we know, we are living in a high-tech era, an application called DingTalk acts as class temporarily. The using methods are simple and convenient. First, download this application and enter the class group. Next, click the button of ‎ “class online” and find the live telecast to learn the class online.‎ The course of Chinese poetry online has many advantages. Not only can you play it again and again, but also you can pause and go back at any time if you don’t understand what teachers say. Besides, the teacher could put more interesting examples without worrying about time of class because we can speed up the class or skip the chapter we don’t need. I hope what I say can be helpful for you. Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Jin ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，向朋友介绍中国诗词课程的相关情况。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般过去时。‎ 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1. 在线中国诗词课程使用钉钉软件进行教学。‎ ‎2. 使用钉钉的方法。‎ ‎3. 在线中国诗词课程的特色。‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ the course of Chinese poetry online；traditional Chinese culture；as we know；advantage；convenient；look forward 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. We take the course of Chinese poetry online.‎ ‎2. It help us learn many things about traditional Chinese culture.‎ ‎3. Let me tell you how to use DingTalk.‎ ‎4. The course of Chinese poetry online has many advantages.‎ ‎5. Hope these things that I say can help you.‎ ‎6. Look forward to your reply.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了高级句子，如：Not only can you play it again and again, but also you can pause and go back at any time if you don’t understand what teachers say这句话运用了not only…but also的句型，并使用了倒装。另外，这篇书面表达要求补充的内容较多，本文补充加入的细节部分，表达清晰到位，条理清楚，给人良好的阅读体验。‎