2018-2019学年江苏省无锡市普通高中高二上学期期末教学质量抽测英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年江苏省无锡市普通高中高二上学期期末教学质量抽测英语试题 解析版

绝密★启用前 江苏省无锡市普通高中2018-2019学年高二上学期期末教学质量抽测英语试题 评卷人 得分 一、单项选择 ‎1．In the eyes of a policeman, it’s usually dangerous to get close to the_______ criminal. He may do anything he would to escape.‎ A．sensitive B．conscious C．primitive D．desperate ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. sensitive灵敏的；B. conscious有意识的；C. primitive原始的；D. desperate绝望的。句意：在警察看来，接近绝望的罪犯通常是危险的。为了逃跑，他可以做任何事。故D选项正确。‎ ‎2．When you’ve got through the gate of opportunity, don’t get it shut behind yourself, and give others the same chance that_______ you succeed.‎ A．helped B．is helping C．had helped D．will help ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：当你通过了机会之门，不要把它关在自己身后，给别人帮助你成功的机会。根据句意可知，你已经成功了，所以帮助你成功的机会是过去时。故A选项正确。‎ ‎3．______ Jack Ma has stepped down as chairman of Alibaba, he still remains on its board of directors.‎ A．Since B．Before C．While D．Until ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。A. Since自从；B. Before在……之前；C. While虽然；D. Until直到。句意：虽然马云已经辞去阿里巴巴董事长一职，但他仍然是阿里巴巴的董事会成员。故C选项正确。‎ ‎4．Donald Trump made a _____ to the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office.‎ A．contribution B．commitment C．devotion D．donation ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. contribution贡献；B. commitment承诺；C. devotion奉献；D. donation捐赠。句意：唐纳德·特朗普向全国承诺，他上任后将为降低税收和改善医疗服务而奋斗。故B选项正确。‎ ‎5．It is not until he returned to his hometown ______ the great changes that had happened.‎ A．did he find B．that he found C．that did he find D．found he that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查强调句句型。句意：直到他回到家乡，他才发现发生了巨大的变化。本句为强调句型，not until位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构，其它时候不用倒装。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 强调句是一种修辞。‎ 陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人时可用who）+ 其他部分。如：It was Paul who broke the window.是保罗打碎了玻璃。‎ 特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分。如：When was it that you were born?‎ 一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。如：Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?‎ not…until…句型的强调句：‎ It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分。如：It was not until her husband came back that she went to bed.直到她丈夫回家她才上床睡觉。‎ ‎6．Only those, as Albert Einstein once said in one of his famous books, ______ attempt the absurd can achieve the impossible.‎ A．who B．which C．whose D．where ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在其著名著作之一中所言，只有那些尝试荒谬的人才能实现不可能的事情。此处为定语从句，先行词是those（那些人），关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词who引导。故A选项正确。‎ ‎7．(2013·江西六所重点中学一模)—Tom has played a lot of computer games recently.‎ ‎—Yes, that might ________ his failure in the midterm examinations.‎ A．account for B．answer for C．ask for D．stand for ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：“汤姆最近玩太多电脑游戏了。”“是的，这也许是他期中考试失利的原因。”account for“是……的说明 (或原因)”，符合句意。 answer for“对……负责，因……受到谴责”；ask for“要求，请求”；stand for“代表”。‎ ‎8．As many as 150 people died in the explosion. If only the owners ____ enough attention to the safety measures!‎ A．paid B．should pay C．would pay D．had paid ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查虚拟语气。句意：多达150人在爆炸中丧生。要是业主对安全措施给予足够的重视就好了！根据句意可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ If only:常常用来表示强烈的愿望，因为用于虚拟语句时和wish类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。因而使用起来的形式与wish相同。‎ ‎1.表示与将来情况不同：if only＋ 从句主语＋would(could, might)+动词原形 eg：If only she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。‎ ‎2.表示与现在情况不同：if only＋从句主语＋动词过去式 eg：If only I wasn't going to London.我希望我没去过伦敦。‎ ‎3.表达与过去情况不同：if only＋从句主语＋would/could have/had＋过去分词 eg：If only you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。‎ 以上就是if only的三种用法，if only的用法与wish基本相似 ‎9．______full preparations, they thought it better to put off the conference till next week.‎ A．Not to have made B．Not having made C．Not making D．Having not made ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查现在分词。句意：由于没有做好充分的准备，他们认为最好把会议推迟到下星期。make与主语they构成逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词表主动；根据句意，此处应使用现在分词完成式的否定形式。故B选项正确。‎ ‎10．—Have you heard that more flights from WuXi to Beijing are available this year?‎ ‎—Of course. Many citizens are ____ for it’s quite convenient for them to travel.‎ A．green with envy B．feeling blue C．over the moon D．hot under the collar ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查习惯用语。A. green with envy非常嫉妒；B. feeling blue心情压抑；C. over the moon欣喜若狂；D. hot under the collar怒不可遏。句意：—你听说今年从无锡到北京的航班增加了吗?—当然。许多市民欣喜若狂，因为旅行非常方便。故C选项正确。‎ ‎11．—How about your trip to West Lake?‎ ‎—Everything was wonderful except that my car____ twice on the way.‎ A．broke out B．broke up C．broke down D．broke in ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. broke out爆发；B. broke up打碎；C. broke down抛锚；D. broke in打断。句意：—你的西湖之旅怎么样?—一切都很好，除了我的车在路上坏了两次。故C选项正确。‎ ‎12．Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job____ her confidence and flexibility.‎ A．in terms of B．with respect to C．in response to D．on account of ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。A. in terms of在……方面；B. with respect to关于；C. in response to回答；D. on account of由于。句意：虽然缺乏必要的工作经验，我的表妹由于自信和灵活而得到了这份工作。故D选项正确。‎ ‎13．Young people are seeking excitement and challenges, and going where big companies are is ____ leads to so many old people being left alone in villages.‎ A．where B．when C．what D．who ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查名词性从句。句意：年轻人寻找刺激和挑战，去大公司所在的地方是导致许多老人独自留在农村的原因。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，应使用what引导。故C选项正确。‎ ‎14．You ____your depression for long, and now it’s time to relax yourself.‎ A．masked B．will have masked C．have been masked D．have been masking ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：你压抑了很久，现在是时候放松一下了。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，强调这个动作可能会继续下去。故D选项正确。‎ ‎15．—Hey, do remember we are going to Mr. Black’s office tomorrow.‎ ‎—Oh, I have almost forgotten, but_____.‎ A．not really B．never mind C．no problem D．no doubt ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查习惯用语。A. not really不见得；B. never mind没关系；C. no problem没问题；D. no doubt毫无疑问。句意：—嘿，别忘了我们明天要去布莱克先生的办公室。—哦，我差点忘了，但是没问题。故C选项正确。‎ 评卷人 得分 二、完形填空 Before I came to China, I had been somewhat unlucky in love. Days before my 16 for Shanghai in 2016, my cousin made a 17 without the slightest bit of irony（讽刺）,“You’ll fall in love in China.”‎ I met my husband at a Chinese 18 .It was an embarrassing place to meet him approaching me 19 I attempted to lift free weights. He spoke English poorly, trying to correct my form. I more or less 20 him, figuring such a relationship was 21 as we had little means to communicate. But I was very much 22 .He ran after me for the next couple weeks and his persistence（坚持不懈） 23 won me over, and I was head over heels in love with him.‎ The challenges we faced were 24 —deciding where to live, 25 over visas, dealing with my parents’ doubts. In time, these problems got settled without too much work on our part. When others would 26 on how tough it must be to marry someone from a foreign country, I quickly made my 27 ,trying to convince my questioner that marrying cross-culturally is really no different from 28 within one’s own circle.‎ Our son was born in the spring of 2018. He was a very easy baby to care for—he cried little and ‎ slept well at night. My struggles in caring for a newborn were unimportant 29 the other pressures I faced. By Chinese tradition, I was 30 from taking the baby outside until he was 100 days old, for reasons I still don’t fully understand.‎ Since giving birth, I’ve learned that compromise（妥协）is more 31 than it seems. If you give up too much of yourself, you may 32 resentful（怨恨的）. If you compromise too little, you may be 33 in a frequent battle. In a relationship, our values or beliefs often 34 with our partner’s, but with patience, most difficulties can be overcome. For that reason, I keep on working to better understand his background and beliefs while 35 forgetting my own.‎ ‎16．A．plan B．departure C．reservation D．destination ‎17．A．decision B．suggestion C．request D．prediction ‎18．A．gym B．cinema C．restaurant D．museum ‎19．A．since B．as C．unless D．before ‎20．A．thanked B．admired C．ignored D．praised ‎21．A．priceless B．worthless C．pointless D．faultless ‎22．A．broken B．beaten C．drunken D．mistaken ‎23．A．gradually B．eventually C．simply D．keenly ‎24．A．natural B．legal C．typical D．international ‎25．A．worrying B．arguing C．looking D．taking ‎26．A．comment B．decide C．insist D．focus ‎27．A．remark B．conservation C．apology D．defense ‎28．A．adjusting B．dating C．wandering D．behaving ‎29．A．in relation to B．in addition to C．in comparison to D．in response to ‎30．A．protected B．disabled C．excused D．forbidden ‎31．A．constant B．challenging C．cautious D．cultural ‎32．A．end up B．put up C．turn up D．take up ‎33．A．taken B．absorbed C．stuck D．resulted ‎34．A．deal B．meet C．conflict D．combine ‎35．A．therefore B．finally C．yet D．never ‎【答案】‎ ‎16． B ‎ ‎17． D ‎ ‎18． A ‎ ‎19． B ‎ ‎20． C ‎ ‎21． C ‎ ‎22． D ‎ ‎23． B ‎ ‎24． C ‎ ‎25． A ‎ ‎26． A ‎ ‎27． D ‎ ‎28． B ‎ ‎29． C ‎ ‎30． D ‎ ‎31． B ‎ ‎32． A ‎ ‎33． C ‎ ‎34． C ‎ ‎35． D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为记叙文。作者介绍了自己的跨国婚姻经历与感受。‎ ‎16．考查名词辨析。A. plan计划；B. departure出发；C. reservation预约；D. destination目的地。句意：2016年去上海的前几天。故B选项正确。‎ ‎17．考查名词辨析。A. decision决定；B. suggestion建议；C. request要求；D. prediction预言。句意：我表哥毫不讽刺地预言：“你会在中国坠入爱河。”故D选项正确。‎ ‎18．考查名词辨析。A. gym健身房；B. cinema电影院；C. restaurant餐厅；D. museum博物馆。根据下文I attempted to lift free weights.可知，作者在健身房遇到了她的丈夫。故A选项正确。‎ ‎19．考查连词辨析。A. since自从；B. as当……的时候；C. unless除非；D. before在……之前。句意：当我试着举重的时候。故B选项正确。‎ ‎20．考查动词辨析。A. thanked感谢；B. admired羡慕；C. ignored忽视；D. praised 表扬。根据下文as we had little means to communicate.可知，因为没有办法交流，作者或多或少忽略了他。故C选项正确。‎ ‎21．考查形容词辨析。A. priceless无价的；B. worthless无价值的；C. pointless无意义的；D. faultless完美的。因为没有办法交流，所以作者认为这种关系毫无意义。故C选项正确。‎ ‎22．考查形容词辨析。A. broken破碎的；B. beaten被打败了的；C. drunken喝醉的；D. mistaken错误的。根据下文He ran after me for the next couple weeks and his persistence（坚持不懈）可知，作者的判断是错误的。故D选项正确。‎ ‎23．考查副词辨析。A. gradually逐渐地；B. eventually最终；C. simply简单地；D. keenly强烈地。根据下文I was head over heels in love with him.可知，小伙子的坚持不懈最终征服了作者。故B选项正确。‎ ‎24．考查形容词辨析。A. natural自然的；B. legal合法的；C. typical典型的；D. international国际的。句意：我们面临的挑战很典型——决定住在哪里……故C选项正确。‎ ‎25．考查动词辨析。A. worrying over担心；B. arguing over争论；C. looking over检查；D. taking over接管。句意：担心签证。故A选项正确。‎ ‎26．考查动词辨析。A. comment评论；B. decide决定；C. insist坚持；D. focus聚焦。句意：当其他人都在评论嫁给一个外国人是多么的困难时。故A选项正确。‎ ‎27．考查名词辨析。A. remark评论；B. conservation保存；C. apology道歉；D. defense辩护。句意：我迅速地为自己辩护。故D选项正确。‎ ‎28．考查动词辨析。A. adjusting调整；B. dating约会；C. wandering漫步；D. behaving表现。句意：跨文化结婚和在自己的圈子里的人约会没什么不同。故B选项正确。‎ ‎29．考查介词短语辨析。A. in relation to关于；B. in addition to除了；C. in comparison to与……相比；D. in response to回答。句意：与我面临的其他压力相比，我在照顾新生儿方面的挣扎并不重要。故C选项正确。‎ ‎30．考查动词辨析。A. protected保护；B. disabled使失去能力；C. excused原谅；D. forbidden禁止。句意：按照中国的传统，我被禁止在孩子100天大之前带他出去，原因我至今还不完全明白。故D选项正确。‎ ‎31．考查形容词辨析。A. constant经常的；B. challenging挑战的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. cultural文化的。句意：自从生下孩子后，我明白了妥协比看起来更有挑战性。故B选项正确。‎ ‎32．考查动词辨析。A. end up最终；B. put up举起；C. turn up出现；D. take up拿起。句意：如果你放弃了太多，你最终可能会怨恨。故A选项正确。‎ ‎33．考查动词辨析。A. taken in欺骗；B. absorbed in沉浸在；C. stuck in困在；D. resulted in导致。句意：如果你妥协太少，你可能会陷入一场频繁的战斗。故C选项正确。‎ ‎34．考查动词辨析。A. deal处理；B. meet遇见；C. conflict冲突；D. combine结合。句意：在一段关系中，我们的价值观或信念经常与伴侣的价值观或信念发生冲突，但只要有耐心，大多数困难都可以克服。故C选项正确。‎ ‎35．考查副词辨析。A. therefore所以；B. finally最终；C. yet但是；D. never从不。句意：正因为如此，我不断努力去更好地了解他的背景和信仰，同时永远不会忘记我自己的。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第3小题要求判断出作者在哪里遇到她的丈夫的。根据下文I attempted to lift free weights. It was an embarrassing place to meet him approaching me ___4___I attempted to lift free weights.可知，作者在健身房遇到了她的丈夫。故A选项正确。‎ 评卷人 得分 三、阅读理解 An extremely enthusiastic truth seeker who runs the YouTube channel Bright Insight claims（声称）to have found the mysterious city of Atlantis and insists that its true location has been hiding in plain sight for thousands of years.‎ In a video, YouTube blogger Jimmy Bright argues that the Richat Structure, a geologic dome（穹状物）in northwest Sahara also referred to as the Eye of the Sahara, is the most likely location of Atlantis.‎ He mentioned measurements from the famous Dialogues of Plato, which gave birth to the mystery. The Greek philosopher（哲学家）claimed that Atlantis was a long-gone kingdom, which stretched into Europe as far as Italy and into Africa as far as Egypt thousands of years ago. The giant island was said to be wiped off the face of the planet by a natural disaster“in a single day and night of misfortune”.‎ At first sight, this has nothing to do with the land-based Richat Structure, but Jimmy claims that the so-called Younger Dryas theory could be a possible explanation. According to it, a massive change in global temperatures caused unexpected climate change and sea level to rise.‎ In what can be viewed as another proof to the Sahara theory, the diameter（直径）of the ‎ Richat Structure’s outer circle is 23.5 km according to Google Map’s measurements, which matches those mentioned by Plato — 127 stadia, which is roughly 23.5 km in today’s terms.‎ Another thing that helps solve the mystery is a theory that the Eye of the Sahara closely matches the description from Plato’s dialogues. The ancient philosopher wrote that the main city of Atlantis consisted of circles of water and land, which, Jimmy said, looks very similar to the circular form of the Richat Structure.‎ Although the majority of researchers believe that Plato’s story was nothing but a moral story used to describe a failed idea of seeking power and searching for fortune, it has raised quite a few theories, Since the Middle Ages, explorers have been pointing fingers at different places around the world, including the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, with the most amazing theories linking the location of Atlantis to the Antarctic and the North Sea.‎ ‎36．What does Jimmy Bright claim to have discovered?‎ A．The most likely location of Atlantis.‎ B．The formation of the Richat Structure.‎ C．The measurements in the Dialogues of Plato.‎ D．The reasons behind the Younger Dryas theory.‎ ‎37．How did Jimmy Bright do research into the location of Atlantis and arrive at a conclusion?‎ A．By studying the history of ancient Egypt.‎ B．By analyzing the research into Plato’s life story.‎ C．By explaining the Younger Dryas theory in a scientific way.‎ D．By comparing the Richat Structure with the famous Dialogues of Plato.‎ ‎38．What’s the purpose of mentioning the Younger Dryas theory in Paragraph 4?‎ A．To stress the importance of the Richat Structure.‎ B．To present the influence it had on Atlantis.‎ C．To prove that Jimmy Bright might be correct.‎ D．To show Jimmy Bright’s opinion is unique.‎ ‎39．What can be learned from the article?‎ A．The Eye of the Sahara is a mystery mentioned in the Dialogues of Plato.‎ B．The Richat Structure is where the mysterious city of Atlantis used to lie.‎ C．The Younger Dryas may have caused the disappearance of Atlantis overnight.‎ D．The Plato’s Story is meant to inspire explorers to locate the exact position of Atlantis.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎36． A ‎ ‎37． D ‎ ‎38． C ‎ ‎39． C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为说明文。YouTube频道Bright Insight的负责人，一位极度热情的真理探寻者声称，他发现了神秘的亚特兰蒂斯城，并坚称其真实位置数千年来一直隐藏在人们的视线中。文章介绍了他的发现及依据。‎ ‎36．细节理解题。根据第二段中的In a video, YouTube blogger Jimmy Bright argues that the Richat Structure, a geologic dome（穹状物）in northwest Sahara also referred to as the Eye of the Sahara, is the most likely location of Atlantis.可知，吉米·布莱特声称发现了亚特兰蒂斯最有可能的位置。故A选项正确。‎ ‎37．细节理解题。根据第三段中的He mentioned measurements from the famous Dialogues of Plato, which gave birth to the mystery.第五段中的the diameter（直径）of the Richat Structure’s outer circle is 23.5 km according to Google Map’s measurements, which matches those mentioned by Plato及第六段中的Another thing that helps solve the mystery is a theory that the Eye of the Sahara closely matches the description from Plato’s dialogues.可知，吉米·布莱特对亚特兰蒂斯的位置进行了研究，并将其结构与柏拉图著名的对话录进行了对比，从而得出的结论。故D选项正确。‎ ‎38．推理判断题。根据第四段中的At first sight, this has nothing to do with the land-based Richat Structure, but Jimmy claims that the so-called Younger Dryas theory could be a possible explanation.可推知，提到新仙女木（Younger Dryas）期理论是为了证明吉米·布赖特也许是正确的。故C选项正确。‎ ‎39．推理判断题。根据第三段中的The giant island was said to be wiped off the face of the planet by a natural disaster “in a single day and night of misfortune”.及第四段中的According to it, a massive change in global temperatures caused unexpected climate change and sea level to rise.可推知，新仙女木事件可能导致亚特兰蒂斯在一夜之间消失了。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。‎ 以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干What does Jimmy Bright claim to have discovered?其关键词是claim to have discovered，从而直接定位到含有Jimmy Bright发现的文段——第二段中的In a video, YouTube blogger Jimmy Bright argues that the Richat Structure, a geologic dome（穹状物）in northwest Sahara also referred to as the Eye of the Sahara, is the most likely location of Atlantis.，原文中的the most likely location of Atlantis与A选项中的The most likely location of Atlantis相对应，从而得知，吉米·布莱特声称发现了亚特兰蒂斯最有可能的位置。故A选项正确。‎ Siblings refer to one’s brothers and sisters. We’re attached to siblings as adults far longer than we are as children. Our sibling relationships, in fact, are the longest-lasting family ties we have.‎ ‎“Paul, my younger brother, and I, kind of annoyed each other when we were kids,” said Anna, an interviewee,“But as adults, we’ve always had each other’s back, especially when dealing with our mother’s health crisis. Paul is the first person I want to talk to when something worries me.”‎ There’s probably a biological explanation for the close bond of the sibling relationship. Siblings share half their genes, which biologists say should be motivation enough for each other’s devotion.‎ One thing that can weaken closeness in adulthood is a parent who played favorites in childhood; this sense of hatred can last a lifetime. The simple concept of parental favoritism was enough to shake their relationship.‎ ‎“What Paul and I are pretty sure is our parents treated us the same when we were growing up. Yet we’re very different people,” Anna said,“Paul is outgoing while I’m shy. Paul is an amateur pianist while I can’t read music or carry a tune. In families with more than one child, every sibling seems to get a label in contrast to every other sibling.”‎ The very presence of siblings in the household can be an education. When a new baby is born, the older sibling gains social skills by interacting with the younger, and the younger gains cognitively（认知角度地）by imitating the older. They learn from the friction between them, too, as they fight for their parents’attention. Mild conflict between brothers and sisters teaches ‎ them how to interact with friends and co-workers for the rest of their lives.‎ It’s so sad when things between siblings fall apart, which happens when aging parents need care or die — old feelings of contradiction and jealousy erupt all over again. Many families get through their parents’illnesses just fine, establishing networks where the workload is divided pretty much equally. But about 40 percent of the time there is a single primary caregiver who feels like she is not getting any help from her brothers and sisters, which can lead to serious conflicts.‎ Throughout adulthood, the sibling relationship “is powerful and unchanged,” said Jane Mersky Leder, author of the new e-book The Sibling Connection. Whether we are close to our siblings or distant, she writes, they remain our brothers and sisters — for better or for worse.‎ So remember the immortal（永恒的）words of folksinger Loudon Wainwright Ⅲ, in a song called Thanksgiving.“On this brilliant occasion, this special family dinner, if I argue with a loved one, please make me...”‎ ‎40．What can probably encourage hatred among siblings?‎ A．The aging of their Mom and Dad. B．The difference between their hobbies.‎ C．The conflict in their daily lives. D．The unequal treatment from their parents.‎ ‎41．Brothers or sisters will be ready to give each other a hand partly because__________.‎ A．they have common interest B．their parents force them to C．there exists a genetic factor D．their parents require them to be ‎42．The underlined word“friction” in Para.6 is closest in meaning to_________.‎ A．mild conflict B．close relationship C．active interaction D．cognitive imitation ‎43．One effective way to avoid conflict when looking after sick parents is to__________.‎ A．employ an experienced caregiver B．take on reasonable burdens C．equally divide the fortune D．send them straight to hospital ‎44．The writer ends the passage with a song Thanksgiving to indicate that__________.‎ A．it’s disappointing to quarrel with siblings B．it’s grateful to have brothers or sisters in life C．Thanksgiving Day is a wonderful occasion D．Thanksgiving Day is a time for brothers or sisters to get together ‎【答案】‎ ‎40． D ‎ ‎41． C ‎ ‎42． A ‎ ‎43． B ‎ ‎44． B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为说明文。兄弟姐妹是指一个人的兄弟姐妹。成年后，我们对兄弟姐妹的依恋要比孩提时长得多。事实上，我们的兄弟姐妹关系是我们拥有的最持久的家庭关系。无论我们与我们的兄弟姐妹是亲近还是疏远的，他们仍然是我们的兄弟姐妹——无论是好是坏。‎ ‎40．细节理解题。根据第四段中的One thing that can weaken closeness in adulthood is a parent who played favorites in childhood; this sense of hatred can last a lifetime.可知，父母的不平等对待可能会助长兄弟姐妹之间的仇恨。故D选项正确。‎ ‎41．细节理解题。根据第三段中的Siblings share half their genes, which biologists say should be motivation enough for each other’s devotion.可知，兄弟姐妹会愿意互相帮助，部分原因是存在遗传因素。故C选项正确。‎ ‎42．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句及下一句They learn from the friction between them, too, as they fight for their parents’ attention. Mild conflict between brothers and sisters teaches them how to interact with friends and co-workers for the rest of their lives.（他们也从他们之间的friction中学习，因为他们为了父母的注意而争斗。兄弟姐妹之间的轻微冲突教会他们如何在余生中与朋友和同事互动。）可推知，下句中的mild conflict 指的就是friction。故A选项正确。‎ ‎43．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Many families get through their parents’ illnesses just fine, establishing networks where the workload is divided pretty much equally.可知，照顾生病的父母时避免冲突的一个有效方法是承担合理的负担。故B选项正确。‎ ‎44．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Whether we are close to our siblings or distant, she writes, they remain our brothers and sisters — for better or for worse.（她写道，无论我们与我们的兄弟姐妹是亲近还是疏远的，他们仍然是我们的兄弟姐妹——无论是好是坏）及最后一段中的So remember the immortal（永恒的）words of folksinger Loudon Wainwright Ⅲ, in a song called Thanksgiving.（所以记住民谣歌手Loudon温赖特Ⅲ在一首名为感恩的歌中的不朽歌词吧）可推知，作者以一首“感恩”的歌词来结束这篇文章，以此来表达对生活中有兄弟姐妹的感激之情。故B选项正确。‎ ‎“Has anyone seen Charge?”I asked, only half expecting a reply. The kids were running around the house, each doing their own thing, and my husband was watching the football game. Since she had only been out of sight for a few hours, I wasn’t overly concerned. I thought she must be under one of the kids’beds, hiding from all the mess that was normal for a Sunday afternoon in our home.‎ ‎①‎ Charge was not good-looking, to put it kindly. It wasn’t her fault; she was simply gifted with the worst appearance traits（特征）in her background.‎ My husband had found Charge wandering along the freeway one day on his way home from work. She looked as though she hadn’t eaten in weeks, so he stopped and fed her with bits of his leftover lunch. Not knowing what to do, he brought her home with the hope of finding her owners or at least a loving family that would take her. However, once she was in the house, the kids were determined not to let her go. After a day or two of begging, we unwillingly gave in and told them we could keep her.‎ After observing her actions for days, I found she was extremely distrustful and afraid of everyone. In time, though, she came to love the kids and slept on their beds every night. I wondered if what she had experienced had conditioned her to be protective of those who were hurting. Every time the kids cried, Charge would run to them and gently offer her comforting paw（爪子）. Unlike our cat, who had recently given birth to five kittens, Charge would have been a great mother.‎ ‎②‎ When I was finally able to get everyone’s attention at the dinner table, I asked again if anyone had seen Charge. After a unanimous（异口同声的）“No”, I decided to take a look around the neighborhood.‎ ‎③‎ ‎“Charge!”I cried, because there she was in the closet! She looked up at me from inside the little cats’box as if to say,“Shhh, I just got them to sleep!”‎ We usually kept the closet door open a bit so our mamma cat could go in and feed her kittens, but she always left as soon as she finished nursing. Obviously, Charge knew they needed more mamma time and was more than willing to help out.‎ ‎④‎ The kids smiled upon seeing the dog with the kittens. My husband shook his head and ‎ said,“Only you, Charge. Only you!”‎ Charge continued to mother the kittens until they were placed in their new homes. Charge may not have been an attractive dog, but she truly had her inner beauty.‎ ‎45．It can be inferred from the first paragraph that_________.‎ A．the kids were not willing to play with Charge B．the author didn’t worry too much about Charge C．Charge liked playing hide and seek games with the kids D．the author’s husband was watching the football game with the kids ‎46．When the author’s husband saw Charge for the first time, he_____.‎ A．fed her with his lunch B．decided to adopt her C．felt pity for her D．helped to find her owner ‎47．How did the author like her mamma cat?‎ A．It was really an energetic hunter. B．It was not a very caring mother.‎ C．It was quite clean and lovely. D．It was too selfish and lazy.‎ ‎48．The purpose of the article is to_______.‎ A．proof one’s past could influence their characteristics B．indicate those who love the kids will be loved by others C．inform a pet dog can bring both joy and sadness to its owner D．show beauty isn’t in the face but from the bottom of the heart ‎49．Where can the following sentences most probably be?‎ ‎“Who wants to go look for Charge with me?”I asked as I opened the door of the hall closet and reached in to get my shoes.‎ A．① B．②‎ C．③ D．④‎ ‎50．What can be the best title of the article?‎ A．The most beautiful Charge B．The greatest mamma C．A loving story D．A special Sunday ‎【答案】‎ ‎45． B ‎ ‎46． C ‎ ‎47． B ‎ ‎48． D ‎ ‎49． C ‎ ‎50． A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家收养的一只流浪狗的故事。‎ ‎45．细节理解题。根据第一段中的Since she had only been out of sight for a few hours, I wasn’t overly concerned.可知，作者并不太担心Charge。故B选项正确。‎ ‎46．细节理解题。根据第三段中的My husband had found Charge wandering along the freeway one day on his way home from work. She looked as though she hadn’t eaten in weeks, so he stopped and fed her with bits of his leftover lunch.可知，当作者的丈夫第一次看到Charge时，他很同情她，停下车来去喂她食物。故C选项正确。‎ ‎47．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的We usually kept the closet door open a bit so our mamma cat could go in and feed her kittens, but she always left as soon as she finished nursing. Obviously, Charge knew they needed more mamma time and was more than willing to help out.可推知，作者家的猫妈妈不是很体贴的妈妈。故B选项正确。‎ ‎48．推理判断题。根据全文对Charge描述可知，她不是一只漂亮的狗，但是她却非常有爱心、很体贴。再根据文章最后一段中的Charge may not have been an attractive dog, but she truly had her inner beauty.可知，这篇文章的目的是要展现美丽不是表面的，而是发自内心的。故D选项正确。‎ ‎49．细节理解题。根据题干所给句子中的I opened the door of the hall closet及倒数第三段中的I cried, because there she was in the closet!可知，所给句子应放在倒数第三段之前。故C选项正确。‎ ‎50．推理判断题。全文主要描述了一只外貌不扬、内心充满爱的狗——Charge，从而得出了美丽不是表面的、而是发自内心的道理。因此A项“最美的Charge”适合做本文最佳标题。故A选项正确。‎ 第II卷（非选择题)‎ 请点击修改第II卷的文字说明 评卷人 得分 四、单词拼写 单词拼写 ‎51．The main road being blocked by heavy snow, we had to find an a_______route to get there.‎ ‎52．Can you imagine the great difficulty I had a_______to the local customs while I was abroad.‎ ‎53．He tried to stay calm, but his trembling hands b_______his nervousness.‎ ‎54．He, together with his friends, often p_______in all kinds of sports activities after school.‎ ‎55．I have great a_______for my English teacher, and English has become my favorite.‎ ‎56．_______（陪伴）by a group of close friends, I always feel confident of my future.‎ ‎57．The journalist who had covered the event on the scene was one of my ______（熟人）.‎ ‎58．It’s no use ______（争论）with Tom about it. He is so stubborn that he won’t change his mind.‎ ‎59．_______（在...之前）to this, scientific experiments did not show a definite link between mobile phone use and cancer.‎ ‎60．Finally the new employee admitted a lack of ______（动机）to work day and night.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎51． alterative ‎ ‎52． adapting ‎ ‎53． betrayed ‎ ‎54． participates ‎ ‎55． affection/admiration ‎ ‎56． Accompanied ‎ ‎57． acquaintances ‎ ‎58． arguing ‎ ‎59． Previous ‎ ‎60． motivation ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎51．句意：由于大雪堵塞了主要道路，我们不得不另找一条路去那里。alterative“改变的”。故填alterative。‎ ‎52．句意：你能想象我在国外适应当地风俗的巨大困难吗？adapt“适应”，have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填adapting。‎ ‎53．句意：他试图保持镇静，但他颤抖的双手暴露了他的紧张。betray“泄露（秘密）；露出……迹象”，根据句中tried可知，此处应使用一般过去时。故填betrayed。‎ ‎54．句意：放学后，他和他的朋友们经常参加各种各样的体育活动。participate“参加”，根据句意可知，此处应使用一般现在时，together with引导并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。故填participates。‎ ‎55．句意：我很喜欢/钦佩我的英语老师，英语已经成为我的最爱。affection“喜欢”/admiration“钦佩”。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处做have的宾语，应使用名词形式。故填affection/admiration。‎ ‎56．6句意：在一群亲密朋友的陪伴下，我总是对自己的未来充满信心。accompany“陪伴”，此处与主语I构成逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动。故填Accompanied。‎ ‎57．句意：在现场报道这一事件的记者是我的一个熟人。“熟人”，根据空前one of“……之一”可知，此处应使名词复数。故填acquaintances。‎ ‎58．句意：和汤姆争论这件事是没有用的。他太固执了，不肯改变主意。argue“争论”，It’s no use doing sth.“做某事没用”。故填arguing。‎ ‎59．句意：在此之前，科学实验并没有显示使用手机和癌症之间有明确的联系。previous“在……之前”。故填Previous。‎ ‎60．句意：最后，新员工承认自己缺乏日夜工作的动力。motivation“动机”。故填motivation。‎ 评卷人 得分 五、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ To my dad George H.W Bush’s very last days, his life was instructive. As he61．（age）, he taught us how to grow with dignity, humor and 62．（kind）.Day could relate to people from all walks of life. He looked 63．the good in each person and he usually found it.‎ He strongly believed that it was important64．（give）back to the community and country in which one lived. To us, he was the 65．（bright）one among a thousand points of light. He ‎ taught us what it means to be a wonderful father, grandfather and great grandfather. He taught us that a day was not meant to 66．（waste）.‎ In his inaugural（就职）address the 41st President of the United States, he said,“We cannot hope only to leave our children a bigger car, or a bigger bank account. We must hope to give them 67．sense of what it means to be a loyal friend, a loving parent, a citizen 68．leaves his home, his neighborhood and town better than he found it.”‎ Well, Dad, we’re going to remember you, and we’re going to miss you. So through our69．（tear）,let us know the blessings of knowing and loving you, a great and noble man, the best father a son or daughter could have. And in our grief, let us smile,70．（know）that Dad is hugging Robin and holding Mom’s hand again.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61． aged ‎ ‎62． kindness ‎ ‎63． for ‎ ‎64． to give ‎ ‎65． brightest ‎ ‎66． be wasted ‎ ‎67． a ‎ ‎68． who/that ‎ ‎69． tears ‎ ‎70． knowing ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是乔治·W·布什在父亲老布什总统葬礼上的悼词。‎ ‎61．考查时态。句意：随着年龄的增长，他教会了我们如何在尊严、幽默和……中成长。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般现在时。故填aged。‎ ‎62．考查名词。此处与and前的dignity, humor是并列成分，应使用名词形式。故填kindness。‎ ‎63．考查介词。句意：他寻找每个人的优点，他通常都能找到。look for“寻找”。故填for。‎ ‎64．考查动词不定式。句意：他坚信回馈社会和国家是很重要的。句型：It’s + adj.+ to do ‎ sth.“做某事是怎么样的”。故填to give。‎ ‎65．考查形容词最高级。根据空后among a thousand points of light可知，此处应使用形容词最高级。句意：对我们来说，他是千万个光点中最亮的一个。故填brightest。‎ ‎66．考查被动语态。句意：他教导我们一天也不应该浪费。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动语态。be meant to do“照规矩应该做”。故填be wasted。‎ ‎67．考查冠词。句意：们必须希望让他们明白做一个忠诚的朋友，慈爱的父母……意味着什么。此处泛指“一种意识/感觉”，应使用不定冠词。故填a。‎ ‎68．考查定语从句。先行词是a citizen，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词引导。故填who/that。‎ ‎69．考查名词复数。句意：所以，通过我们的眼泪，让我们知道，认识和爱你是多么幸福。tear“眼泪”，常用复数。故填tears。‎ ‎70．考查现在分词。句意：在我们的悲伤中，让我们微笑吧，因为我们知道爸爸正在拥抱罗宾，再次握住妈妈的手。根据句意，此处的逻辑主语是we，know和we构成逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动。故填knowing。‎ 评卷人 得分 六、信息匹配 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文后第91至100题的空格里填上适当的单词。注意每空1个单词。‎ How to save a friendship Friends are like stars. Even if you don’t see them, you know they are there. And while a shooting star is a beautiful thing to observe, a dying friendship is one of the most painful things to experience. However, if you believe that it is worth trying to save it, then it is worth it. So if you are still moved by a friendship that has given you priceless moments and treasured memories, at least try to save it. While problems are unavoidable, if both of you see the value in saving what you have, focusing on fixing things may just be effective, and your connection may even come through this test stronger than before.‎ The moment you realize that the two of you have started growing apart, do something about it. Waiting will only bring about an unavoidable permanency of the loss of your friendship. Be prepared to be the one who makes the first steps; your friend may be laboring under the belief that it is something you have done to harm the friendship, so you shouldn’t wait around for them to solve things.‎ As life changes around us, friendship change too. However, changes in your life don’t mean that your life has to destroy your friendship. Talking openly about the changes is important, as well as accepting that the two of you have changed but still have space, love and respect for one another in your lives. If your friend has distanced himself or herself from you because of changes in your lives, take the chance to show that while life has changed, the importance of your friendship has not.‎ Make sure your friend has talked and listened, and both of you have looked for ways to reach compromises（和解）on the things that have weakened your friendship and set the relationship back on track. If you mean as much to this person as they mean to you, you will have at least made some progress in the right direction through mutual（彼此的）compromises in the end.‎ Once you have worked through the challenges facing your friendship and come to a shared solution, show your friend how much they mean to you. Start creating new memories and precious moments that will make the unpleasant page in your common history look insignificant and never worth mentioning again.‎ How to save a friendship Introduction ‎● A dying friendship makes you feel 71．.‎ ‎● Try to save the friendship that72．you of your experiences.‎ ‎● The connection between you and your friends will73．the test and become stronger if both of you74．your friendship and focus on renewing it.‎ Take75．action ‎● On realizing your relationship with your friend is not as76．as before, you had better do something.‎ ‎● Don’t wait for others’actions but be77．to step forward first.‎ Know Your differences ‎● Changes in life don’t 78．affect friendships.‎ ‎● Prove to your friend that your friendship is still important if your friend has kept you at a79．.‎ Reach a compromise Mutual compromises on things that have weakened your friendship help80．the relationship between you and your friends.‎ Move forward New memories and precious moments after the challenges help to turn the unpleasant ‎ page in your common history.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71． painful/bitter ‎ ‎72． reminds ‎ ‎73． survive/stand ‎ ‎74． value ‎ ‎75． immediate ‎ ‎76． close ‎ ‎77． prepared/ready ‎ ‎78． necessarily ‎ ‎79． distance ‎ ‎80． repair/fix/restore/heal ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为议论文。文章论述了如何挽救友谊。‎ ‎71．根据第一段中a dying friendship is one of the most painful things to experience可知，一段即将结束的友谊会让你感到痛苦。painful /bitter“痛苦的”。故填painful/bitter。‎ ‎72．根据第一段中的So if you are still moved by a friendship that has given you priceless moments and treasured memories, at least try to save it.可知，试着挽救让你想起你经历的友谊。remind sb. of sth.“让某人想起某事”。故填reminds。‎ ‎73．根据第一段中的your connection may even come through this test stronger than before.可知，你和你的朋友之间的联系将经受住考验。survive/stand the test“经受住考验”。故填survive/stand。‎ ‎74．根据第一段中的While problems are unavoidable, if both of you see the value in saving what you have, focusing on fixing things may just be effective,可知，如果你和你的朋友都重视你们的友谊，并致力于更新它，你们之间的关系将经受住考验、变得更加牢固。value“重视”。故填value。‎ ‎75．根据右侧的On realizing your relationship with your friend is not as___6___as before, you had better do something. Don’t wait for others’ actions but be___7___to step forward first.‎ 可知，此处指“立即采取行动”。immediate“立刻的”。故填immediate。‎ ‎76．根据第二段中的The moment you realize that the two of you have started growing apart, do something about it.可知，当你意识到你和朋友的关系不像以前那么亲密时，你最好做点什么。close“亲密的”。故填close。‎ ‎77．根据第二段中的Be prepared to be the one who makes the first steps;可知，不要等待别人的行动，要准备好先向前走。prepared/ready“准备的”。故填prepared/ready。‎ ‎78．根据第三段中的However, changes in your life don’t mean that your life has to destroy your friendship.可知，生活中的变化不一定会影响友谊。necessarily“必要地，一定”。故填necessarily。‎ ‎79．根据第三段中的If your friend has distanced himself or herself from you because of changes in your lives, take the chance to show that while life has changed, the importance of your friendship has not.‎ 可知，向你的朋友证明，如果你的朋友和你保持距离，你们的友谊仍然很重要。distance“距离”。故填distance。‎ ‎80．根据第四段中的both of you have looked for ways to reach compromises（和解）on the things that have weakened your friendship and set the relationship back on track.可知，在一些削弱你们友谊的事情上相互妥协有助于恢复你们和朋友之间的关系。repair/fix/restore/heal“修复，恢复”。故填repair/fix/restore/heal。‎ 评卷人 得分 七、概要写作 ‎81．请阅读下面短文，然后按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ Water is the driving force of all nature, Leonardo da Vinci claimed. Unfortunately for our planet, water supplies are now running dry at an alarming rate. The world’s population continues to increase but that rise in number has not been matched by adequate supplies of fresh water. Reports show that more than a billion individuals — one in seven people on the planet — now lack access to safe drinking water.‎ In Sao Paulo, a Brazilian city, drought got so bad that residents began drilling through basement floors and car parks to try to reach groundwater. Officials in this city warned that rationing（配给制）of water supplies was likely soon. Citizens in Sao Paulo might have access to water for only two days a week. In California, US, officials have shown that the state has entered its fourth year of drought. At the same time, its per ‎ capita（人均）water use has continued to rise.‎ ‎（写作内容）‎ ‎1.用约30词概括上述信息的主要内容；‎ ‎2.结合上述信息及日常生活，简要分析导致全球淡水资源短缺的主要原因（不少于两点）；‎ ‎3.谈谈在日常生活中我们应如何保护淡水资源（不少于两点）。‎ ‎（写作要求）‎ ‎1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3.不必写标题。‎ ‎（评分标准）‎ 内容完整。语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Fresh water is now in short supply worldwide. São Paulo and California are two typical examples, and both of them have got into trouble for not having enough fresh water. (30 words)‎ Quite many things give rise to the shortage of fresh water. Firstly, more and more fresh water is needed with the growth of global population. Secondly, drought has been affecting some cites in the world and thus these cities have been lacking in fresh water. Above all, millions of tons of fresh water is polluted every day due to the industrial and domestic waste.‎ To deal with the problem, the movement should take stricter measures to forbid factories from pouring waste into the clean river. As a citizen, we should learn to recycle and reuse the fresh water. Only if we take steps to save every drop of fresh water can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage in future. (120 words)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇写作为概要写作。‎ ‎【详解】‎ 本文考查概要写作。首先要写文章要点。本篇文章第一段用约30词概括上述信息的主要内容；第二段合上述信息及日常生活，简要分析导致全球淡水资源短缺的主要原因（不少于两点）；第三段谈谈在日常生活中我们应如何保护淡水资源（不少于两点）。书写时注意使用适当的连接词连接这些要点，使上下句之间具有连贯性。概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对关键词汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。‎