专题01+名词和冠词（仿真押题）-2018年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题

专题01+名词和冠词（仿真押题）-2018年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题

一、语法填空 ‎1．The blood on his shoes and the fingerprint on the scene were ________(proof) of his guilt.‎ ‎2．She seemed to know when I was asking for advices and when I just needed a good cry. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：她好像知道我什么时候在寻求建议，什么时候仅仅需要好好地哭一场。advice为不可数名词。‎ ‎【答案】advices→advice ‎3．The book gives a detailed ________(explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of tea.‎ ‎【解析】根据空格前的detailed可知，空格处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。‎ ‎【答案】explanation ‎4． was always checking the time and thinking of future ________(plan)．‎ ‎【解析】句意：我总是核对时间，想未来的计划。应用复数形式。‎ ‎【答案】plans ‎5．Who choose to be happy must help others to find ________(happy)，for the welfare of each is bound up with the welfare of all.‎ ‎【解析】find sth.找到……，后面应用名词，故填happiness。‎ ‎【答案】happiness ‎6．When you meet ________new word，look it up in your dictionary.‎ ‎【解析】一个新单词，故用a。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎7．Make sure that as you read，you make ________quick note of what happens in each chapter.‎ ‎【解析】make a note of sth.记录……‎ ‎【答案】a ‎8． He became one of ________ most popular stars of American television.‎ ‎【解析】形容词popular前有最高级修饰，用定冠词the。‎ ‎【答案】the ‎9．Most seriously，relying on smart phones to make friends does not give us ________ same advantage as making new friends in the real world.‎ ‎【解析】same前要有定冠词the。‎ ‎【答案】the ‎10. ________first time I stood in front of a large group of students to give a speech，I felt a little nervous.‎ ‎【解析】考查the first time这一句式。‎ ‎【答案】The 二、单句改错 ‎1．Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall. ____________‎ ‎【解析】由句意可知，此处动词caused后面应用名词作宾语，且形容词public也修饰名词，故将angry改成anger。‎ ‎【答案】angry→anger ‎2．The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：我们呼吸的空气正变的越来越脏。air作“空气”讲时为不可数名词。‎ ‎【答案】airs→air ‎3．I'm sure we can get enough informations from his talk to make good preparations for a coming ‎ talk show. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：我肯定我们能够从他的演讲中获得足够的信息来为即将到来的脱口秀做充足的准备。information为不可数名词。‎ ‎【答案】informations→information ‎4．My favorite sport is badminton，which brings me much happy. ____________‎ ‎【解析】much后应用名词，故应为happiness。‎ ‎【答案】happy→happiness ‎5．Besides，lots of accidents with cyclists often happen because of crowded street. ____________‎ ‎【解析】根据句意此处应为复数，故应为streets。‎ ‎【答案】street→streets ‎6．After eating two bananas，my son asked for the third one. ____________‎ ‎【解析】a＋序数词，表示“又一，再一”。‎ ‎【答案】the→a ‎7． That day I didn't learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity. ____________‎ ‎8．All of a sudden，the passengers on the board let out screams，running upstairs like crazy. ____________‎ ‎【解析】on board在船上，固定短语。‎ ‎【答案】去掉board前的the ‎9．To tell the truth，he is at the loss what to do currently. ____________‎ ‎【解析】at a loss不知所措，固定短语。‎ ‎【答案】第二个the→a ‎10．To be honest，it is the most difficult problem indeed，but it is not the hardest in Book Three. ____________‎ ‎【解析】a most difficult problem一个很难的问题。‎ ‎【答案】第一个the→a 三、选择题 ‎1．His ____ of life has changed a lot since the experience he had in Africa three years ago.‎ A. sight B. attitude C. view D. altitude ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. sight视力，景象；B. attitude 态度；C. view观察，视野；D. altitude高度。句意：自从三年前他在非洲的经历，他的人生观改变了很多。‎ ‎2．Asking them to boycott meetings when others do not agree with their demands is a(n) ________ to a very unhappy life of fighting with other people, ________ them their future happiness.‎ A. guarantee, having cost B. accomplishment, losing C. invitation, costing D. affection, having lost ‎【答案】C ‎3．Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine of 2015 due to her ________ to discovering a new drug to treat parasitic diseases.‎ A. conservation B. expectation C. commitment D. appreciation ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. conservation谈话；B. expectation期盼；C. commitment献身；D. appreciation鉴赏，感激。句意：由于屠呦呦致力于寻找一种治疗寄生虫病的新药，而被授予2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。根据句意，故选C。‎ ‎4．The article in The Times gives us a real ______ into the causes of the present economic crisis.‎ A. enquiry B. admission C. insight D. division ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. enquiry询问；B. admission承认； C. insight洞悉； D. division分配。英国泰晤士报上的这篇文章让我们真正洞察当前经济危机的原因。故选C。‎ ‎5．Pandas are rare animals close to ___________. They have now been listed among the world’s most endangered wildlife animals.‎ A. extinction, B. emergence C. intension D. disappearance ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. extinction灭绝；B. emergence出现；C. intension强度；D. disappearance消失。熊猫是濒临灭绝的稀有动物。故选A。‎ ‎6．Unlike most of the students, Susan divided her apple into ______.‎ A. halves B. halfs C. half D. a half ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：不像多数学生，Susan把她的苹果分成两半。half的复数形式是halves，故选A.‎ ‎7．We can't make ______ of what the teacher is saying.‎ A. sense B. a sense C. senses D. tense ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：对老师说的我们没弄懂。make sense of sth.“理解，弄懂”，根据句意选A.‎ ‎8．He and his wife have the same ________; they both want their son to go to college.‎ A. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind ‎【答案】D ‎9．At the meeting they discussed three different ________ to the study of mathematics.‎ A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题四个名词都表示方法，但只有approach后面要接介词to，构成the approach to...，表示“……的方法”。句意：在会议上，他们讨论了三种不同的研究数学的方法。故A项正确。‎ ‎10．Take it easy. As your best friend, I will help you in my ________.‎ A. power B. force C. energy D. strength ‎【答案】A ‎11．A large number of people would like to do some shopping during sales periods since they expect to get wonderful ________in the market.‎ A. baskets B. bargains C. goods D. objects ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：许多人愿意在促销时期去购物，因为他们希望在市场买到便宜货。A. baskets篮子；B. bargains便宜货；C. goods商品；D. objects物品。根据句意，选B。‎ ‎12．Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect extraordinary ________ from them to help rebuild the economy.‎ A. commitment B. appointment C. instrument D. requirement ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. commitment承诺；B. appointment预约；C. instrument仪器；D. requirement要求。句意：既然银行在逐渐复原当中，我们期待得到来自他们特别的承诺帮助重建经济。故选A。‎ ‎13．It was ________ that we went camping on the mountain.‎ A. such nice weather B. so nice a weather C. such a nice weather D. too nice weather ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查固定句式。句式such...that...“如此……以至于……”；such修饰名词或名词短语，本句中weather是一个不可数名词，不能用a修饰，排除B、C项，D项不能引导结果状语从句。故A正确。‎ ‎14．The ________ teacher has much ________ in teaching English.‎ A. experience; experiences ‎ B. experiences; experiences C. experienced; experiences D. experienced; experience ‎【答案】D ‎15．In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our ________ to him when we met him.‎ A. attention B. respect C. struggle D. request ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. attention关注；B. respect尊重；C. struggle斗争，挣扎；D. request请求。句意：就我们所知，Professor Wang是一位有学问的、善良的人，所以当我们遇见他时我们表示出我们对他的尊敬。故选B。‎ ‎16．It is a golden rule in international trade that if you export nothing but raw materials, you're at the ________ of world prices.‎ A. risk B. expense C. mercy D. cost ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：这是国际贸易中的一个黄金法则，如果你只出口原材料，你就受到世界价格的摆布了。at the mercy of“任……摆布，在……前毫无办法”，故选C项。‎ ‎17．After the usual greetings and some ________ about the weather, the men got down to their own business.‎ A. statements B. declarations C. remarks D. expressions ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：在通常的问候和一些关于天气的言辞后，人们开始各忙各的。A. statements声明；B. declarations申报；C. remarks言辞；D. expressions表情。故选C项。‎ ‎18．I don't think you realize the ________ of the situation, or else you wouldn’t feel so relaxed.‎ A. gravity B. assessment C. framework D. similarity ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：我不认为你意识到情况的严重性，否则你不会感到很放松。gravity“严重性”，故选A项。‎ ‎19．Two ___________ died in the fire.‎ A. scores of people B. score of people C. scores of peoples D. score of peoples ‎【答案】B ‎20．“I don’t think it’s my ________ that the window suddenly broke. I just opened it, that’s all,” said the boy in tears.‎ A. error B. fault C. mistake D. duty ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】此题考查“error”“mistake”“fault”的区别，根据题意可知这个错误带有责任，因此应该用fault，而error主要是技术上的错误错误，mistake不带含责任意味。因此选B。‎ ‎21．A ______ has been launched (发起) by the netzens on the Net to ______ unhealthy information which does harm to young students. ‎ A. struggle; rid of B. campaign; get rid of ‎ C. battle; rid of D. fight; get rid of ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】名词struggle斗争，campaign运动，活动；battle战役；fight战斗；短语get rid of清除；rid sb of sth清除某人某物；句意：在网上网民发起了一起活动清除那些对年轻人有害的信息。根据句意可知B项正确。‎ ‎22．Clinical evidence began to ______,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.‎ A. operate B. strengthen C. approve D. accumulate ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】A. operate 操作，运转；B. strengthen加强；C. approve批准，赞成； D. accumulate积累。句意：临床证据开始积累，表明这种新药比根据在动物身上的实验所预计的有更广范围的使用。根据句意选D.‎ ‎23．Lots of campaigns have occurred in China to defend the Nansha Islands recently. What is your ________ of the situation?‎ A. intention B. assessment C. attitude D. appointment ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. intention打算；B. assessment评估，评价；C. attitude态度；D. appointment任命，约定。句意：最近，在中国发生了很多活动去捍卫南沙群岛。你对这种境况是什么评价？B项符合语境。‎ ‎24． In my opinion, what he told us just now about it simply doesn’t make any _______. ‎ A. thought B. ideaC. sense D. point ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：在我看来，他刚才告诉我们的事情一点意义也没有。A意思；B想法，主意；C感觉，意义；D观点，意义。make sense有道理，讲得通，don’t make any sense=" make" no sense没意义，故选C。‎ ‎25．Always read the ______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.‎ A. explanations B. instructions ‎ C. descriptions D. introductions ‎【答案】B ‎26．When I came back home, I wrote him a letter to show my ________ of his thoughtfulness.‎ A. appreciation B. agreement C. attention D. achievement ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：当我到家的时候，我写给他一封信表达我对他的周全考虑的感激之情。A项表示“欣赏，感激”；B项是“同意，一致”之意；C项表示“注意”；D项是“成就”，故选A项适合。‎ ‎27．With strong __________ to go to Tsinghua University, he is working very hard.‎ A．dream B．determination ‎ C．attitude D．quality ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：有很强的要上清华大学的决心，她正努力的学习着。A．dream梦，梦想；B．determination决心；C．attitude态度；D．quality质量。根据句意可知这里选B正确。‎ ‎28． If you want to do international trade successfully, ______ of English is _______. ‎ A. good command; a must B. a good command; a need ‎ C. a good command; a must D. good command; must ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】a good command of English 精通英语，a must一个必备的东西，句意是;如果你想成功的做国际贸易，精通英语是必备的。选C。‎ ‎29．The difficulty which we had ______ with the local people has been removed.‎ A. communication B. communicated ‎ C. communicating D. to communicate ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】我们和当地人交流困难的问题已经解决了。题中涉及到固定搭配“have difficulty (in)doing sth”做某事有困难的意思。因此答案选C。题中还涉及到which引导的定语从句。‎ ‎30．It was ________ hot weather that he went for a swim.‎ A．such a B．such C．very D．very a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查固定结构such/so... that用法辨析。句意：天气如此之热以至于他去游泳了。这里weather是不可数名词，故用such。选B。‎ ‎31．________ is the study of living things.‎ A. Biology B. Philosophy C. Psychology D. Chemistry ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. Biology生物；B. Philosophy哲学；C. Psychology心理学；D. Chemistry化学。句意：生物学是对活物的研究。故选A。‎ ‎32．The Australian boy has a good ________ of Chinese and can communicate with others freely.‎ A. request B. command C. accent D. usage ‎【答案】B ‎33． It is ______ pity that the industrial cities built in ______ nineteenth century don’t attract visitors.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：这座在19世纪建设的工业城市不能吸引游客正是一件遗憾的事情啊！。a pity一件遗憾的事；序数词前面用定冠词the。故选A。‎ ‎34．For some actors and actresses, ________ stage is just ________means of making a living.‎ A. a; aB. the; aC. the; the D. a; the ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：对于一些演员来说，舞台只是一种谋生的方式。第一空是针对演员来说故应该是特定的，故用定冠词“the”；第二空是短语“a means of…”表示“一种…的方式”；故B项适合。‎ ‎35．In communication, a smile is usually ________ strong sign of a friendly and ________ open attitude.‎ A. the, / B. a, an C. a, / D. the, an ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：在交流中，微笑通常是友好、坦诚态度的一种明显标志。a strong sign一种明显标志；open与friendly并列修饰attitude。故选C项。‎ ‎36．We urge ________ extreme caution in ________ use of this medicine, which has not been officially approved yet.‎ A. an; the B. an; 不填 C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：我们强烈建议使用这种药要极端谨慎，这种药还没有被正式批准。caution为不可数，不用冠词修饰；第二个空特指这种药物的使用。故选C项。‎ ‎37．The Evening Party, turning out to be ________ great success, came to ________ end after midnight.‎ A. a; an B. /; an C. /; / D. the; an ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】第一空：抽象名词具体化，a success一个成功的人，一件成功的事；第二空：固定搭配come to an end结束。故选A。‎ ‎38．As we should know, animals are not necessarily ________ lower form of life than ________ man.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. a; / D. /; /‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：我们应该知道，动物是一种比人类稍低的生命形式。第一空表达“一种……”，所以要用不定冠词。第二空Man,专指人类，其前不用冠词。‎ ‎39．You made the same mistake for second time, dropping “n” in the word “government”.‎ A. a, the B. a , a C. the, an D. a, an ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：你第二次犯了同样的错误，在单词“government”中少写了一个字母“n”。for a second time再次；字母“n”的发音为[en],故用an。‎ ‎40．Dr. Peter Spence, ______ headmaster of the school, told us, “______ fifth of pupils here go to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”‎ A. / ; A B. / ; The C. the; The D. a; A ‎【答案】A ‎41．In ________ 1600’s, Shakespeare made use of ________ wider vocabulary than ever before.‎ A. the; / B./ ;/ C. the; a D./; a ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】第一空in the 1600’s表示“在17世纪”，是固定用法；第二空vocabulary一般按不可数的抽象名词对待，但是当抽象名词带有修饰性的定语时就被具体化为区别于其他同类事物的另一种。此处的vocabulary 前有 wider 修饰，意思是相对于 narrower vocabulary（不够宽泛的词汇）的另一种“更为宽泛的词汇”，因此前面需要加不定冠词a。句意：在17世纪，莎士比亚用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。故C正确。‎ ‎42．________ headmaster Smith is quite good at painting and it is said that he is _______ Picasso.‎ A. The… / B. /…a C. /… / D. The…a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：Smith校长很擅长绘画，据说他是又一位毕加索。题干中的headmaster表示的是“职位”，故前面为零冠词；第二空表示的是他被称作为又一位毕加索，故使用不定冠词“a”适合，故选B适合。‎ ‎43．Children can get close to ________nature by taking part in ________series of outdoor activities.‎ A．the；/ B．the；a C．/；the D．/；a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意： 孩子们通过参与一系列的户外活动可以接近大自然。这里nature是抽象名词，不需要用冠词；a series of一系列，是固定搭配。故本题选D。‎ ‎44．Children can get close to ________ nature by taking part in ________ series of outdoor activities.‎ A．the；/ B．the；a C．/；the D．/；a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：孩子们通过参与一系列的户外活动可以接近大自然。nature是抽象名词，不需要用冠词；a series of一系列，是固定词组。故本题选D。‎ ‎45．________ experiment took us five months and turned out ________ great disappointment.‎ A. The ;/ B. /; a C. The; a D. The; the ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：这个实验花了我们五个月的时间，结果是一个很大的失望。第一空是特指，填the；第二空是抽象名词具体化，用不定冠词a表示“一个失望”。因此选C。‎ ‎46．This is ________ book I borrowed yesterday. Isn't it ________ interesting one?‎ A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 句意：这是我昨天借的那本书。是不是很有趣？第一个空是特指昨天借的那本书，用the；第二空表示一本有趣的书，interesting开头是元音音素，要用an，故选D。‎ ‎47．-------I knocked over my coffee cup.It went right over _______keyboard.‎ ‎-------You shouldn't put drinks near _______computer.‎ A.the; / B.the; a C.a; / D.a; a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】keyboard是对话双方都已知的事物，所以其前用the；而computer表示类指，其前用a/the都可以。‎ ‎48．Jumping out of _______airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _______exciting experience.‎ A.the ，不填 B.不填，an C.an, an D.the, the ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】第一空，用an airplane代表“飞机”这个概念，是类指；第二空，名词experience“经验、体验”由抽象而具体化为“一次激动人心的经历”。‎ ‎49． The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.‎ A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the ‎【答案】B ‎50．All through history, big changes have taken place in ________ English language, especially when Henry IV became ________ King of England.‎ A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. an; 不填 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】In English="in" the English language用英语；第二空不用冠词，是因为独一无二的官职名词作表语或者补足语的时候，不需要用冠词。句意：在历史上，英语经历了几次大的变化，尤其在亨利四世成为英国国王时。‎