2018-2019学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2018-2019学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

‎2018-2019学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高一上学期期末考试 英语试题 第一部分:听力(共两节，满分20分)‎ 第一节(共5 小题；每小题1分，满分5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ Where does the conversation most probably take place?‎ A. In an office. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ Where did the speakers plan to go?‎ A. A shopping center. B. An opera house. C. The parking lot.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ Which aspect of the film does the woman like?‎ A. The plot. B. The music. C. The dialogue.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ What do we know about the woman’s jacket?‎ A. It is sold at a lower price.‎ B. Its color is her favorite.‎ C. It is her sister’s size.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ What does the woman imply?‎ A. The man is so forgetful.‎ B. The man is too careless.‎ C. The man is over confident.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二节(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎6. What makes the man so tired?‎ A. Playing games. B. Surfing the Internet. C. Searching for interesting people.‎ ‎7. Whom did the man chat with?‎ A. People from Canada.‎ B. People in need of his help.‎ C. People on the same project.‎ ‎【答案】6. B 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎8. What does the law forbid people to do?‎ A. To take dogs to parks.‎ B. To walk dogs in the streets.‎ C. To treat dogs cruelly.‎ ‎9. What do we know from what the woman said?‎ A. Dogs should be kept at home.‎ B. Building a dog park is necessary.‎ C. People would remove the dog waste.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. C ‎【解析】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎10. According to the man, what did he do before he watched TV?‎ A. He washed his hands. B. He had his supper. C. He took a bath.‎ ‎11. What place had the man been to the night before?‎ A. James Street. B. A restaurant. C. A friend’s home.‎ ‎12. What does the man try to do in the conversation?‎ A. To prove the truth. B. To find the truth. C. To hide the truth.‎ ‎【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C ‎【解析】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎13. Why did the son come back late?‎ A. He hurt his hands and knees.‎ B. He went to a pub with Linda.‎ C. He waited a long time for the bus.‎ ‎14. What was the old lady doing in the middle of the road?‎ A. Looking for something. B. Struggling to stand up. C. Trying to seek help.‎ ‎15. What happened to Linda?‎ A. She was fired. B. She got injured. C. She had an accident.‎ ‎16. Where was the witness (目击者)?‎ A. Outside the pub. B. At a bus stop. C. In his car.‎ ‎【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. B ‎【解析】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎17. What’s the problem of some of the university students?‎ A. They don’t spend all their time on studies.‎ B. They don’t know what to do with their free time.‎ C. They don’t have choices for outside class activities.‎ ‎18. How is the students’ high school life?‎ A. Controlled and busy.‎ B. Regular and colorful.‎ C. Active and independent.‎ ‎19. According to the speaker, what is the role of outside class activities at university?‎ A. To make students healthier.‎ B. To improve students’ test scores.‎ C. To enrich students’ experience.‎ ‎20. What does the speaker advise his students to do?‎ A. Learn to enjoy themselves.‎ B. Learn to be their own masters.‎ C. Learn to develop their ability.‎ ‎【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B ‎【解析】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解 第一节:共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A If you are dreaming of visiting one of those picture-perfect European towns filled with old-world attractiveness and scenic beauty, here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe.‎ Manarola Manarola, Italy, is filled with rainbow-colored homes along the Mediterranean (地中海) coast. This attractive fishing town is famous for its unbelievable wine, and the paintings. There ‎ are no cars here, no traffic lights, or traffic noise. You can drive to Manarola, but you will have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.‎ Garmisch-Partenkirchen Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, is a fascinating mountain town, once two separate towns, one Roman and the other Teutonic. The 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to become one, though the two sides still have different characters. The town dates back to 15 AD, filled with narrow streets lined with historic three or four-story buildings painted with religious scenes (宗教场景).‎ Marsaxlokk The energetic trading port of Marsaxlokk, Malta, was built in 900 BC. Today, this picture-like town is the main supplier (供应地) of fish to the island nation that sits in the Mediterranean Sea. It has no modern buildings to ruin its attractiveness. With such quiet surroundings, including the traditional fishing boats, it is a particularly charming (迷人的) place to visit.‎ Port Magee In a country filled with beautiful towns, Port Magee, is a standout, sitting on the southwest coast of Ireland. This seaside fishing town has a row of brightly colored buildings along with a rich and colorful history. At The Bridge Bar, you will find live music many nights of the week along with nice food and a fine glass of beer.‎ ‎21. In which town are tourists not allowed to go sightseeing by car?‎ A. Manarola. B. Garmisch-Partenkirchen.‎ C. Marsaxlokk. D. Port Magee.‎ ‎22. Marsaxlokk is attractive for______.‎ A. wine and paintings B. religious scenes C. fishing boats and old buildings D. rich history and live music ‎23. Manarola and Port Magee are perfect choices for tourists who ______.‎ A. prefer enjoyment in an old coastal fishing town B. want to stay on a Mediterranean island C. have special interest in traditional fishing boats D. need to be refreshed in a mountain town ‎24. Which statement about Garmisch-Partenkirchen is TRUE?‎ A. Garmisch-Partenkirchen is a Roman town.‎ B. The 1936 Winter Olympics gave birth to the town.‎ C. There are many wide streets painted with religious scenes.‎ D. The two sides of it now have similar characters.‎ ‎25. You may find this passage on a __________.‎ A. newspaper B. tourist guide C. scientific magazine D. geography book ‎【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了一些古色古香的，美丽的欧洲小城镇。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Manarola中的“You can drive to Manarola, but you will have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.”可知，你可以开车去马纳罗拉，但你必须在城外停车，然后乘班车或步行进去。所以，在Manarola不允许游客乘车观光。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Marsaxlokk 中的“It has no modern buildings to ruin its attractiveness. With such quiet surroundings, including the traditional fishing boats, it is a particularly charming (迷人的) place to visit.”可知，没有现代建筑来破坏它的魅力。有安静的环境，还有传统的渔船，这是一个特别的吸引人的地方。所以 Marsaxlokk 因渔船和古建筑而具有吸引力。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Manarola中的“ This attractive fishing town is famous for its unbelievable wine, and the paintings”可知，这个迷人的渔村以其令人难以置信的葡萄酒和油画而闻名。由Port Magee中的“This seaside fishing town has a row of brightly colored buildings along with a rich and colorful history.”可知，这个海边的渔村有一排色彩鲜艳的建筑物，有着丰富而多彩的历史。所以对于喜欢在一个古老的沿海渔村游玩的游客来说，Manarola和Port Magee是完美的选择。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Garmisch-Partenkirchen中的“The 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to become one, though the two sides still have different characters.”可知，尽管双方仍然有许多不同的特点,但是1936年冬季奥运会迫使他们联合为一个整体。所以1936年的冬季奥运会孕育了这座城市。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段“If you are dreaming of visiting one of those picture-perfect European towns filled with old-world attractiveness and scenic beauty, here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe.”可知，如果你梦想着参观那些充满古色古香和风景秀丽的欧洲城镇之一，下面就来看看欧洲最美丽的小镇。所以，本文是对一些欧洲小镇的具体介绍。因此我们判断出，在旅游指南上可以找到这篇文章。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】小题5是一道判断文章出处的题。判断这样的题型要基于文章的内容才会得心应手。由第一段“If you are dreaming of visiting one of those picture-perfect European towns filled with old-world attractiveness and scenic beauty, here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe.”可以初步判断这是向游客介绍欧洲的一些小镇。在通过对一些欧洲小镇的具体介绍最终判断出，在旅游指南上可以找到这篇文章。故B选项正确。‎ B The US teenager Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. However, when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin (普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind.‎ ‎“I thought Mandarin would be more beneficial than Latin,” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language. He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinese-speaking friends.‎ While it is a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power,” he said.‎ Many experts agree that proficiency in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy. “People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing,” said Marty Abbott, executive director of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts of the country.”‎ Abbott estimates that as many as 100, 000 students are now studying Mandarin throughout the US, in public and private schools. She said the US government had designated (指定) Mandarin as a “critical needs” language and provided professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language competency for national security (安全) and economic competitiveness,” Abbott said.‎ At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes established in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas has been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors (赞助) Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin.‎ ‎26. Thomas Cheatham decided to study Mandarin instead of Latin because he thought ______.‎ A. Mandarin was easier to learn than Latin B. Mandarin might help him learn more about Chinese food C. Mandarin could enable him to make more friends online D. Mandarin could have more advantages in his future career ‎27. The underlined word “proficiency” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.‎ A. strong interest B. great skill C. lack of practice D. a level of difficulty ‎28. Which of the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with?‎ A. Mandarin should be taught in every classroom throughout the US.‎ B. The US government’s policy has helped popularize (普及) Mandarin in the US.‎ C. Many Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their national history.‎ D. Those competent at Chinese will be the most competitive in the US in the future.‎ ‎29. Which of the below statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Americans are looking at China as a great economic competitor.‎ B. Chinese is the most popular second language in the US.‎ C. American students are only studying Chinese in public schools.‎ D. The Confucius Institute at the University of Texas is the first one in the US.‎ ‎30. What is the main idea of the article?‎ A. The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students.‎ B. The influence of China’s growing power on Americans.‎ C. The benefits of learning Mandarin for Americans.‎ D. How Confucius Institutes in the US help promote Mandarin.‎ ‎【答案】26. D 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主以一个美国学生的经历为例来讲述随着中国经济的发展，越来越多的美国人开始学习普通话，许多美国人也意识到普通的重要性，随着孔子学院的开办，很多美国学生学习汉语。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段“While it is a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career”可知，尽管这是一门很难掌握的语言，但这个打算学习计算机工程的高中生认为这对他的职业发展很重要。所以Thomas Cheatham决定学习汉语而不是拉丁语，因为他认为在他未来的职业生涯中，普通话可能有更多的优势。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。由第四段“Many experts agree that proficiency in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy.”可知，许多专家一致认为，熟练掌握世界上十亿人所说的语言将使美国学生在全球经济中占据优势。所以判断出proficiency的意思是“高超的技能”。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第五段“ She said the US government had designated (指定) Mandarin as a “critical needs” language and provided professional development programs for teachers. ”可知，她说，美国政府已将普通话定为“急需”语言，并为教师提供了专业发展项目。所以判断出美国政府的政策帮助了普通话在美国的普及。所以Marty Abbott可能同意“美国政府的政策帮助了普通话在美国的普及”。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段“People are looking at China as our next economic competitor”可知，人们将中国视为下一个经济竞争对手。所以A选项“美国人将中国视为一个伟大的经济竞争对手”是正确的。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文主要以一个美国学生的经历为例来讲述随着中国经济的发展，越来越多的美国人开始学习普通话，许多美国人也意识到普通的重要性，随着孔子学院的开办，很多美国学生学习汉语。所以判断出短文都在说明普通话在美国学生中日益流行。故A选项“普通话在美国学生中日益流行。”概括了短文的主旨大意。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】短文通常围绕一个中心思想展开。不少文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想。第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来。这就要求学会归纳概括。本文的中心思想贯穿全文,需要我们归纳总结。本文主要以一个美国学生的经历为例来讲述随着中国经济的发展，越来越多的美国人开始学习普通话，许多美国人意识到普通话的重要性，随着孔子学院的开办，很多美国学生学习汉语。这些都在说明普通话在美国学生中日益流行。所以A选项“普通话在美国学生中日益流行。”为短文的主旨大意。故A选项正确。‎ C The idea of having a car, a plane, a drone (无人飞机) parked outside your home may not be as unlikely as it seems.‎ We are going to have personal air vehicles that are both cars and planes. At least that’s Missy Cummings’s vision of the future. It’s basically the intersection (交叉) of a drone with a robotic car, so your plane is also your car, but the quick development of technology is that you are actually driving neither.‎ Drones have a negative image in the media, says Cummings, because they are basically seen as spy cameras. But most people don’t realize that when they are on a plane they are effectively travelling on a drone. The fly-by-wire technology that exists on all Airbuses and many Boeing crafts is the exactly same technology that exists on drones.‎ The reason why drones are the answer to the future is that we are terrible drivers. Humans have a half-second lag (延迟) in almost any quick response that they need to have. Even a half-second delay can mean the difference between life and death, and computers and automated (自动化的) systems don’t have that.‎ So, our transportation network of the future, both on the ground and in the air, will actually be safer when we turn it over to computers.‎ There really aren’t any technological difficulties to this idea. The biggest difficulties we have are psychological and cultural, in terms of giving up the car, but no new tech needs to be developed to have your own personal flying car. What we have to do is improve production and reduce manufacturing costs.‎ People should be excited about this: it promises much in terms of safer travel, and people in parts of the world where the road and air networks are poor will be able to get the goods and services.‎ ‎31. Most people don’t know that _______.‎ A. we needn’t drive a flying car B. drones are actually spy cameras C. planes are much safer than flying cars D. The technology on drones is used on planes ‎32. According to the author, what makes drones the best choice in the future?‎ A. Their low costs.‎ B. Their high speed.‎ C. Their quick response.‎ D. Their modern comforts.‎ ‎33. The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refers to _______.‎ A. the truth B. the difference C. quick response D. a half-second delay ‎34. What will most probably prevent the popularity of flying cars in the future?‎ A. Their being expensive.‎ B. Lacking advanced technology.‎ C. People’s not accepting the idea.‎ D. People’s failing to improve production.‎ ‎35. What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A. Future Vehicles B. Future Flying Cars C. An Answer to the Future D. Safer Travel ‎【答案】31. D 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了未来飞行汽车的外观，技术，安全性，以及带来的便利性。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段“But most people don’t realize that when they are on a plane they are effectively travelling on a drone. The fly-by-wire technology that exists on all Airbuses and many Boeing crafts is the exactly same technology that exists on drones.”可知，大多数人并没有意识到，当他们在飞机上时，他们实际上是在乘无人机旅行。在所有的飞机和许多波音飞机上存在的电传飞行控制技术与无人机上存在的技术完全相同。所以大多数人不知道无人机的技术用在了飞机上。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段“Humans have a half-second lag (延迟) in almost any quick response that they need to have. Even a half-second delay can mean the difference between life and death, and computers and automated (自动化的) systems don’t have that.”可知，人类几 乎在任何需要的快速反应中都会有半秒的滞后。即使是半秒的延迟也意味着生与死的区别，而计算机和自动化系统却没有半秒的滞后。所以根据作者的说法，是无人机的快速反应让它成为未来的最佳选择。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。由第五段“Even a half-second delay can mean the difference between life and death, and computers and automated (自动化的) systems don’t have that”即使是半秒的滞后意味着生与死的区别，而计算机和自动化系统却没有半 秒 的 滞 后。所以这里的that指代的是上文中提到的a half-second delay。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第六段“ The biggest difficulties we have are psychological and cultural, in terms of giving up the car”可知，在放弃汽车方面，我们最大的困难是来自心理和文化上的。所以判断出人们不接受这个想法最有可能阻止未来飞行汽车的流行。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了未来飞行汽车的外观，技术，安全性，以及带来的便利性。这些都是围绕标题“未来飞行汽车”而展开的。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】根据上下文的意思进行猜测是解决词义猜测题的方法之一。小题3要求猜测that在句中的意思，that作为指示代词，特指上文中提到过的。所以判断出that所指代的内容一定在前文出现过。由第五段“Even a half-second delay can mean the difference between life and death, and computers and automated (自动化的) systems don’t have that。可知，即使是半秒的滞后意味着生与死的区别。而紧接着又说电脑和自动化系统没有半秒的滞后。所以这里的that指代的是上文中提到的a half-second delay。故D选项正确。‎ 第二节:共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ In English, we have a saying that goes, “Use it or lose it.” It means that if you do not continue to use a skill, you might lose the ability to do so.‎ We can say this about language learning, including learning new words.___36___‎ Our reader Banin has a question today. Here is the question: how can I improve my vocabulary?‎ It is a great question! The answer will help many English learners. Here are four things you ‎ can do.‎ Read, read, read Read a lot! Look for new stories, websites, magazines and books on subjects that you enjoy. While reading, try to guess the meanings of new words from their context. ___37___ If there are television shows or films that you love in English, watch them with English subtitles to learn new words and hear how we say them.‎ Write about it But, don’t just read. Write! A great way to practice what you read is to write about it.___38___Another thing you can write about is what you did today. If you spent time with a friend or family member, went to an event, had a delicious meal or did something else, write about it!‎ Learn word forms ‎___39___ When you learn a new word, learn its other forms. For example, the word “sleepy” is an adjective. But it has noun, verb and adverb forms. You can make a word form chart in a note book or wireless device and write a sentence example for each form.‎ ‎___40___‎ Another powerful memory tool is word association: use your imagination to create mental images linked to new words. For example, when I say “tasty”, what food image do you see in your mind? Keep that food image in your mind and always mentally connect it to the word “tasty”. Then, the next time you try to remember the word “tasty”, the mental image will appear.‎ A. For example, if you read a web story about the best fitness apps of 2018, write about it.‎ B. Use word families C. If you do not use the new words often, you might forget them.‎ D. Writing can be a great way of properly learning the kind of vocabulary you need to describe your own life and interests.‎ E. Use word association F. Then, you can check the meanings in a paper dictionary or online.‎ G. Here’s another great technique.‎ ‎【答案】36. C 37. F ‎ ‎38. A 39. G ‎ ‎40. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者就如何提高词汇量提出了几点有效的方法。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 由“We can say this about language learning, including learning new words”可知，这也适用语言学习，包括学习新单词。所以小题1是对上文“Use it or lose it.”在学习新单词中的具体解释。故C选项“如果你不经常使用这些新单词，你可能会忘记它们。”符合题意。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 由“While reading， try to guess the meanings of new words from their context”可知，阅读时，试着从上下文中猜测生词的含义。既然是猜测的含义，就存在着错或者对，所以小题2处解释通过某种手段来核对含义是错还是对。故F选项“然后，你可以在纸质字典或在线上核对它的意思”符合题意。故F选项切题。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 由“Another thing you can write about is what you did today。If you spent time with a friend or family member, went to an event, had a delicious meal or did something else, write about it”可知，你可以写的另一件事是你今天所做的。“如果你和朋友或家人一起度过一段时间，去参加一个活动，吃一顿美味的饭，或者做点别的事情，就写下来。所以我们判断出小题3也应该是写的某个事情的具体内容。故A选项“例如，如果你读了一篇关于2018年最佳健身应用程序的网络故事，你就可以写下来。”符合题意。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 由“When you learn a new word, learn its other forms.”可知，当你学习一个新词时，学习它的其他形式。所以小题4是为了介绍“当你学习一个新词时，学习它的其他形式”。故G选项“这有其它的好的技巧”符合题意。故G选项切题。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 由“Another powerful memory tool is word association.. the mental image will appear.”可知，另一个强大的记忆工具是单词联想……心理形象会出现。整个段落都在讲如何进行单词的联想。所以小题5为本段的小标题。故E选项“使用单词的联想”符合题意。故E选项切题。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用 第一节:完型填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ While traveling, chances are that you stay at a hotel or a family member’s house. But have you ever thought about staying in a stranger’s ___41___?‎ This might sound ___42___, but it’s actually a trend that’s becoming popular around the world, including China.‎ Lodging rental (借宿出租) companies like Airbnb are helping people look for cheap ways to ___43___. This website allows people to rent out their ___44___ rooms or apartments as an alternative to ___45___ in over 190 countries.‎ Created by young American men Brian Chesky, Joe Gebbia and Nathan Blecharczyk, Airbnb is a good example of a ___46___ economy. Through the Internet, people share ___47___ such as cars, apartments and ___48___ their expertise (专门知识).‎ ‎___49___ post information about the location, prices, descriptions and pictures. Guests can go to the ___50___ and find their favorite place to stay. Users ___51___ their opinions on their stay so that people know whether a place is good or not.‎ A man in New York named Jonathan Powley even rents out his ___52___ for $22 (140 yuan) per night through Airbnb. This is no ___53___ car. Powley took out the car seats and changed the ___54___ to look more welcoming. He keeps it clean and puts flowers in it every day. He provides snacks and tells travelers where they can go and shower.‎ But Airbnb does have some ___55___. Sometimes you end up living with a stranger or it is not as ___56___ as it looked like online. ___57___, hosts sometimes get mad when they get home and it’s a complete ___58___.‎ In China, Airbnb operates in five ___59___ including Beijing and Shanghai. The country has seen a major ___60___ in Airbnb users in the past year.‎ ‎41. A. office B. camp C. home D. garden ‎42. A. great B. powerful C. influential D. strange ‎43. A. travel B. play C. walk D. drive ‎44. A. new B. normal C. spare D. separate ‎45. A. shops B. hotels C. restaurants D. markets ‎46. A. sharing B. different C. fresh D. commercial ‎47. A. objects B. rooms C. resources D. experiences ‎48. A. still B. yet C. always D. even ‎49. A. Hosts B. Travelers C. Guests D. Sellers ‎50. A. company B. website C. clinic D. agent ‎51. A. adapt B. post C. fix D. agree ‎52. A. phone B. café C. apartment D. taxi ‎53. A. ordinary B. comfortable C. definite D. horrible ‎54. A. outside B. inside C. size D. shape ‎55. A. connections B. reasons C. problems D. advantages ‎56. A. nice B. cheap C. bad D. anxious ‎57. A. Also B. Instead C. Though D. Therefore ‎58. A. surprise B. trip C. mess D. joy ‎59. A. projects B. cities C. businesses D. agents ‎60. A. decrease B. symptom C. standard D. increase ‎【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了像Airbnb这样的租房公司正在帮助人们寻找廉价的旅行方式，它正在成为在全世界流行的一种趋势。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. office办公室；B. camp 露营；C. home家；D. garden花园。句意：但你有没有想过呆在陌生人家里?由“While traveling, chances are that you stay at a hotel or a family member’s house”可知，在旅行中，你很有可能住在旅馆或家庭成员的家里。由but可知，不是待在旅馆或者家庭成员的家里而是陌生人的家里。故C 选项切题。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. great伟大的；B. powerful有力量的；C. influential有影响的； D. strange奇怪的。句意：这听起来可能有点奇怪，但实际上这是一种正在全世界流行的趋势，包括中国。由前文的“但你有没有想过呆在陌生人家里？”可知，这个听起来很奇怪。故D 选项切题。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. travel旅行；B. play玩；C. walk步行；D. drive开车。句意：像Airbnb这样的租房公司正在帮助人们寻找廉价的旅行方式。由“While traveling”可知，Airbnb这样的租房公司正在帮助人们寻找廉价的旅行方式。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. normal正常的；C. spare空闲的；D. separate分开的。句意：这个网站允许人们出租他们闲置的房间或公寓，以替代190多个国家的酒店。由生活常识可知，出租的一定是闲置的房屋。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. shops商店；B. hotels旅馆；C. restaurants餐馆；D. ‎ markets市场。句意：这个网站允许人们出租他们多余的房间或公寓，以替代190多个国家的酒店。由前文可知，像Airbnb这样的租房公司正在帮助人们寻找廉价的旅行方式，所以旅游的人都去寻找廉价的民宅居住，民宅就会取代宾馆，从而达到廉价旅行的目的。故B 选项切题。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. sharing分享的；B. different不同的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. commercial商业的。句意：Airbnb是共享经济的一个很好的例子。由后文的“ share”可知，Airbnb是共享经济的一个很好的例子。故 A 选项切题。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. objects物体；B. rooms房间；C. resources资源； D. experiences经历。句意：在互联网上，人们共享各种资源，如汽车、公寓，甚至他们的专业知识。由“ cars, apartments and even their expertise (专门知识).”可知，汽车，公寓甚至专门知识都是资源的一部分。故C 选项切题。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. still仍然；B. yet还；C. always一直； D. even甚至。句意：在互联网上，人们共享各种资源，如汽车、公寓，甚至他们的专业知识。这里的even表示递进关系，来说明人们分享资源之广泛。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. Hosts主人；B. Travelers旅行者； C. Guests客人；D. Sellers卖家。句意：主人们发布有关位置、价格、描述和图片的信息。这是的主人是指房屋或者公寓的持有者。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. company公司；B. website网站；C. clinic诊所； D. agent代理人。句意：客人可以去网站，找到他们最喜欢的地方。由上文“This website allows people to rent out”可知，网站发布房屋的信息，有需求的人要想找到有用信息就需要去网站上寻找有价值的信息。故 B选项切题。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. adapt适应；B. post发帖；C. fix固定；D. agree同意。句意：用户发布他们的意见，让人们知道一个地方是好还是坏。这里是so that引导的结果状语从句，所以只有用户发布了他们的意见，人们才知道一个地方是好还是坏。故 B选项切题。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. phone电话；B. café咖啡馆；C. apartment公寓；D. taxi出租车。句意：纽约的男子Jonathan Powley甚至以每天22美元（140元人民币）的价格通过Airbnb出租他的出租车。由下文的car可知Jonathan Powley出租的是出租车。故D 选项切题。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. ordinary普通的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. definite确定的；D. horrible恐怖的。句意：这不是辆普通的车。由下文可知，Powley对车内部进行了改造，所以说它不是辆普通的车。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. outside外部； B. inside内部；C. size尺寸；D. shape形状。句意：Powley拿掉汽车座椅，改变了内部使它看起来更受欢迎。由“Powley took out the car seats ”可知，Powley拿掉汽车座椅，所以判断是改变了车的内部。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. connections联系；B. reasons原因； C. problems问题；D. advantages优势。句意：但是Airbnb确实有一些问题。由下文列举出的问题可知，Airbnb确实有一些问题。故C 选项切题。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. nice好的；B. cheap便宜的；C. bad坏的；D. anxious焦虑的。句意：有时你最终会和一个陌生人住在一起，或者它不像网上看起来那么好。这是列举Airbnb存在的具体问题，既然有问题，所以它不像网上描述的那么好。故 A 选项切题。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. Also也；B. Instead代替；C. Though不过；D. Therefore因此。句意：而且，主人回家后有时会生气，房屋一团糟。这里的Also表示并列关系，符合句意。故 A 选项切题。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. surprise惊讶；B. trip旅行；C. mess一团糟；D. joy喜悦。句意：而且，主人回家后有时会生气，房屋一团糟。主人生气的原因就是因为自己的房屋被弄的一团糟。故C 选项切题。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. projects工程；B. cities城市；C. businesses商业；D. agents代理人。句意：在中国，Airbnb在包括北京和上海在内的五个城市开展业务。北京上海都是城市。故 B 选项切题。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. decrease下降；B. symptom症状；C. standard标准； D. increase增加。句意：在过去的一年里，中国的Airbnb用户大幅增加。由“but it’s actually a trend that’s becoming popular around the world, including China.”可知，但实际上这是一种正在全世界流行的趋势，包括中国。所以中国的Airbnb用户大幅增加。故D选项切题。‎ 第二节:单项选择(共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 从下列各题中所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎61.We headed ______ the top of the mountain on a cold Monday morning.‎ A. in B. for C. at D. during ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：在一个寒冷的星期一早晨，我们向山顶走去。A. in 在…里 B. for为了… C. at 在……旁 D. during 在……期 间。head for“向 …进发”为固定短语。符合题意。故B选项正确。‎ ‎62.The date for the wedding is still in the air. That’s to say, they haven’t _______ a date for it.‎ A. set B. put C. filled D. taken ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：婚礼的日期还没有定。也就是说，他们还没有确定日期。A. set 设 定 B. put放置 C. filled 使 充 满 D. taken拿。set a date for“为…设定日期”符合题意。故A选项正确。‎ ‎63.Don’t you know there is a ____ against smoking in the chemistry lab?‎ A. base B. ban C. deal D. block ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意： 你难道不知道在化学实验室里禁止吸烟吗？A. base基础 B. ban禁止 C. deal交易 D. block街区。a ban against/doing sth“禁止某事/做某事”。故B选项正确。‎ ‎64.I have a sweet _______, so anything with durian (榴莲) is my favorite.‎ A. mouth B. tongue C. tooth D. nose ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我喜欢甜食，所以榴莲是我的最爱。A. mouth嘴 B. tongue舌头 C. tooth牙齿 D. nose鼻子。I have a sweet tooth“我喜欢甜食”为习惯表达。故C选项正确。‎ ‎65.Sherlock is impressed ______ the teachers and technology in his new school. In other words, the new school has left a deep impression ______ him.‎ A. with; on B. with; in C. by; in D. on; in ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词。句意：夏洛克对他的新学校的教师和技术印象深刻。换句话说，这所新学校给他留下了深刻的印象。be impressed with “对…印象深刻”。leave a deep impression on sb “给某人留下深刻印象”都为固定短语。故A选项正确。‎ ‎66.Approximately 50 million Americans are ________ to nicotine (尼古丁)，some of whom die prematurely (过早地).‎ A. faced B. lost C. addicted D. connected ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：大约有5千万美国人对尼古丁上瘾，其中一些人过早死亡。A. faced 面向的 B. lost 失 去 的 C. addicted 上 瘾 的 D. connected 有 关 系 的。be addicted to “沉溺于…”为固定短语。符合题意。故C选项正确。‎ ‎67.Although some people pretend hard to be young, their grey hair and loose skin give them ______.‎ A. out B. off C. away D. up ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：虽然有些人假装自己很年轻，但他们的白发和松弛的皮肤却暴露了他们的年龄。A. out 在 外 B. off 离 开 C. away 远 离 D. up 向 上。give away“泄露”符合句意。故C选项正确。‎ ‎68.You have no privilege (特权) to chat freely in class. The same goes ______ other students too.‎ A. for B. off C. on D. in ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：你没有在课堂上随意聊天的特权。其他学生也是如此。A. for为了.….. B. off 脱 落 C. on 在…上 D. in在里。 go for “适用于”为固定短语。符合句意。故A选项正确。‎ ‎69.Can’t you see the old-fashioned gas lamp ______ from the ceiling?‎ A. hung B. hangs C. hanging D. hanged ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在分词。句意：你没看到天花板上挂着的老式煤气灯吗？分析句子可知， gas ‎ lamp与hang在逻辑上是主动关系。表示老式煤气灯处此时所处的状态。所以用现在分词。故C选项正确。‎ ‎70.What worried the teachers most was ______ to take the College Entrance Examination.‎ A. his being not allowed B. his not allowed C. his not being allowed D. having not allowed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动名词的否定和被动形式。句意：最让老师担心的是他不被允许参加高考。分析句子可知， What worried the boy most是主语从句作主语， was是系动词， his not being allowed to take the College Entrance Examination是动名词的被动形式的复合结构作表语，且动名词的否定在动名词之前进行否定。故C选项正确。‎ ‎71.______ from Milan Trenc’s novel, the film Night at the Museum brings to life a world where dinosaurs wander the earth.‎ A. Adapted B. Adapting C. Having adapted D. To be adapted ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查过去分词。句意：电影《博物馆奇妙夜》根据米兰·特伦奇的小说改编，它复活了恐龙漫步地球的世界。分析句子可知，the film与adapt from在逻辑上是被动关系。所以用过去分词。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式。再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。其中分词做状语的考查尤为重要。分析句子可知，本句中主语为the film，谓语为 brings ，所以adapt为非谓语动词，且与the film在逻辑上是被动关系。所以用过去分词。故A选项正确。‎ ‎72.The pig flu _________ through the Northern part of China for months killed a great many pigs.‎ A. sweeping B. swept C. to sweep D. sweeps ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在分词。句意：横扫中国北部数月的猪流感杀死了大量的猪。分析句子可知，The pig flu与sweep在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故A选项正确。‎ ‎73.Hearing the sports meeting ______ open, all the students in the Harbin No. 3 High School burst into cheers.‎ A. declare B. declared C. declaring D. to be declaring ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查过去分词。句意：听到运动会被宣布开幕，哈尔滨第三中学的所有学生都欢呼起来。分析句子可知，the sports meeting 与declare在逻辑上是被动关系。所以用过去分词。故B选项正确。‎ ‎74.The hikers stopped to rest halfway up the mountain, _________.‎ A. exhausting B. being exhausted C. to be exhausting D. exhausted ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词做状语。句意：徒步旅行者在半山腰上停下来休息，筋疲力尽。形容词作状语用时,一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开，.这种状语可位于句首、句末或句中。本句中的 exhausted为形容词做伴随状语相当于and they were exhausted. 故D选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】形容词除了可以作定语、表语或补语外,还可以在句中作状语,具有副词的功能。形容词作状语用时,一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开。这种状语可位于句首、句末或句中.它在意义上相当于一个状语从句,具有以下语义和特征 一、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语,表示行为方式或伴随状况.有时,它会像非限制性定语从句一样,表示意义上的增补,其逻辑主语是句子的主语。‎ 二、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语,表示原因，表示时间或条件，表示结果或存在的状态，表示让步。‎ 分析句子可知，本句中的 exhausted为形容词做伴随状况状语相当于and they were exhausted. 故D选项正确。‎ ‎75.Air pollution will get worse and this will be ______ to people and animals.‎ A. fit B. harmful C. flexible D. tight ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：空气污染会越来越严重，对人和动物都有害。A. fit健康的 B. harmful有害的 C. flexible 灵 活 的 D. tight紧的。be harmful to“对.…..有害”为固定短语。符合句意。故B选项正确。‎ 第三节:单句语法填空(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎76. All possible means have been tried to make him give ______ smoking.‎ ‎77. In the lab, you must do everything exactly ______ your teacher tells you.‎ ‎78. The old woman’s daughter died and she was ______ great pain.‎ ‎79. It is the ability to do the job ______ matters, not where you come from or what you are.‎ ‎80. It is rather difficult to make friends with him, but his friendship, once ______ (gain), is more true than any other’s.‎ ‎81. After the Shenzhou VI capsule touched down, two astronauts succeeded in traveling around the earth, thus______ (prove) China is a global space power.‎ ‎82. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _______. (breathe)‎ ‎83. As a trend, more and more young people are fond ______ paying bills by WeChat.‎ ‎84. He wore his thin coat in ______ (freeze) cold days and fell ill soon.‎ ‎85. ______ (frank) speaking, he never takes pity on anybody under any situation.‎ ‎【答案】76. up 77. as ‎ ‎78. in 79. that ‎ ‎80. gained 81. proving ‎ ‎82. to breathe ‎ ‎83. of 84. freezing ‎ ‎85. Frankly ‎【解析】‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：已采取一切可能的办法使他戒烟。give up doing sth“放弃做某事”符合句意。故填up。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 考查从属连词。句意：在实验室里，你必须完全按照老师说的去做。分析句子可知，空处缺少从属连词。根据句意可知，这里是as引导的方式状语从句。故填as。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：老太太的女儿死了，她非常痛苦。be in pain“在痛苦中”为固定用法。故填in。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 考查强调句。句意：重要的是完成工作的能力，而不是你来自哪里或你是什么。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式：It is+强调部分+that+主语+谓语+其它成分。故填 that。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 考查省略句。句意：和他交朋友是相当困难的，但是一旦获得他的友谊，就比任何人的友谊都更加真实。分析句子可知，本句为省略句，还原为：once his friendship is gained. 因为主句主语与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词为is。故 his friendship is被省略。故填gained。‎ ‎【81题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。句意：神舟五号飞船着陆后，两名宇航员成功环绕地球飞行，证明了中国是一个太空强国。分析句子可知，After所引导的状语从句所表达的意思与prove在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填proving 。‎ ‎【82题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。句意：我喜欢在夏天早起。呼吸早上的空气真舒服。“ sb/sth +be +形容词+不定式。”是一种固定句式。这里的不定式作状语，不定式的宾语就是前面的主语sb/sth, 这时不定式中宾语省略，而且不用被动。故填to breathe。‎ ‎【83题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：作为一种趋势，越来越多的年轻人喜欢用微信支付账单。be fond of“喜欢”为固定短语。故填of。‎ ‎【84题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：他在寒冷的天气里还穿着薄外套，不久就病倒。freezing“严寒的”为形容词修饰名词cold days。而frozen是“冰冻的”不符合题意。故填 freezing 。‎ ‎【85题详解】‎ 考查固定用法。句意：坦率地说，他在任何情况下都不会同情任何人。Frankly speaking“坦率地说”为固定短语。故填 Frankly。‎ ‎【点睛】状语从句中的主谓省略 ‎① 在以if、when、though、unless、as、as if等连词引导的从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致,而且从句中的谓语动词含有be的形式，可以将状语从句中的主语和be省略。‎ ‎② 如果从句主谓语是it is或it was，可以省略主谓结构， if it is possible, when it is necessary 等都是这种结构。‎ 分析句子可知，本句为省略句，还原为：once his friendship is gained. 因为主句主语与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词为is。故 his friendship is被省略。故填gained。‎ 第四部分 写作 第一节:单句改错 (共10小题，每小题1分, 满分10分)‎ ‎86.下列每个句子中有一处语言错误。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下写出该加的词。‎ 删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。‎ ‎1. Henry may not have liked Japan, but he was crazy to Europe.‎ ‎___________________________‎ ‎2.He is a man of his word. Rare does he fail to keep his promise.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎3. I’m applying for the position advertising in yesterday’s China Daily.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎4. The other day, I locked myself out of the apartment and had to break out.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎5. Last month, he fell off a tree and hurts his right arm, which caused him to stay in hospital for 10 days.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎6. The room is empty except for a bookshelf stand in the corner.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎7. Although he failed in the entrance exam, he didn’t lose his heart.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎8. As is known to all, know basic first-aid information will help you respond quickly to emergencies.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎9. Peter rose to his foot and ran away from the back door the moment the alarm went off.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎10. Stop fooling around, guys! It is time to get down to do your homework.‎ ‎________________________‎ ‎【答案】1.to → about ‎2.Rare → Rarely ‎3.advertising → advertised ‎4.第二个out → in ‎5.hurts → hurt ‎6.stand → standing ‎7.去掉 his ‎8.know → knowing ‎9.foot → feet ‎10.do → doing ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】1.考查介词。句意：亨利也许不喜欢日本，但他对欧洲着迷。be crazy about“对.…..着迷”为固定短语。故to → about.‎ ‎2.考查副词。句意：他是个守信用的人。他很少不遵守诺言。分析句子可知，句子为半倒装句，所以判断出置于句首的是否定副词Rarely。故Rare → Rarely.‎ ‎3.考查过去分词。句意：我正在申请昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的那个职位。分析句子可知，the position 与advertise在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故advertising → advertised.‎ ‎4.考查副词。句意：前几天，我把自己锁在公寓外面，只好破门而入。break in“破门而入”为固定短语，符合句意。故第二个out → in.‎ ‎5.考查一般过去时。句意：上个月，他从树上摔下来，右臂受伤，导致他住院10天。由Last month可知，句子为一般过去时。故hurts → hurt.‎ ‎6.考查现在分词。句意：除了角落里有个书架外，房间是空的。分析句子可知， a bookshelf stand与stand在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故stand → standing.‎ ‎7.考查固定短语。句意：尽管他在入学考试中不及格，但他并没有失去信心。lose heart“灰心丧气”为固定短语，符合句意。故去掉 his.‎ ‎8.考查动名词。句意：众所周知，了解基本的急救知识可以帮助你快速应对紧急情况。分析句子可知，本句为动名词作主语。故know → knowing.‎ ‎9.考查名词复数。句意：彼得站起身来，警报一响，他就从后门逃走了。rise to one’s feet“站起身”为固定短语。故foot → feet.‎ ‎10.考查动名词。句意：别胡闹了，伙计们！该开始做作业了。get down to doing sth“开始着手做某事”为固定短语。故do → doing.‎ ‎【点睛】几类常见的部分倒装句类型 ‎1.在正式文体中，如果将never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后的句子要用部分倒装。‎ ‎2.对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序。‎ ‎3.某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装。‎ ‎2. only型倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序。‎ ‎3. so型倒装 当副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后通常用部分倒装。‎ ‎4. not only型倒装 当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式。‎ 分析小题2的句子可知，句子为半倒装句，所以判断出置于句首的是否定副词Rarely，符合第一点用法。故Rare → Rarely 第二节:书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎87.高一新学期即将结束，学习生活一定占据了你主要的精力和时间。作为一名高中生，我们不仅要学习好，也要保持身体健康。请你谈一谈健康对于高中生的重要性，并就如何保持健康给出你的建议。‎ 要求:词数100词左右 ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】It is clear that health is the foundation of one's future success. If you become sick, it is scarcely possible to pursue your career effectively, much less make your dreams come true. On the other hand, if you are strong, you can go all out to overcome the obstacles that lie ahead of you.‎ What should we do to maintain our health? First, we should exercise every day to strengthen our muscles. Second, we might as well keep good hours. Third, we should have a healthy and balanced diet, avoiding eating food high in fat, preferring instead to eat fresh vegetables and fruit which are rich in vitamins.‎ In conclusion, keeping fit enables us to adopt a positive attitude to life. If you want your wish to come true, health is the most important component of your success.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇开放类作文写作，就如何保持健康给出自己的建议。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一要点，1.健康的重要性。2.如何保持健康提出建议。3.总结自己的观点。第二，人称为第一人称和第二人称。第三，时态以一般现在时为主。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为两段。第一段，健康的重要性；如何保持健康提出建议。第二段，总结自己的观点。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: foundation，pursue your career，come true，overcome the obstacles， maintain our health，exercise， strengthen our muscles， have a healthy and balanced diet，avoid doing sth, be rich in, adopt a positive attitude to.‎ 第四步：确定较为高级的句子:It is clear that health is the foundation of one's future success. If you become sick, it is scarcely possible to pursue your career effectively, much less make your dreams come true. On the other hand, if you are strong, you can go all out to overcome the obstacles that lie ahead of you. If you want your wish to come true, health is the most important component of your success. we should have a healthy and balanced diet, avoiding eating food high in fat, preferring instead to eat fresh vegetables and fruit which are rich in vitamins.‎ 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:On the other hand，First，Second，Third，In conclusion.‎ 第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:如It做形式主语的主语从句It is clear that health is the foundation of one's future success. If引导的条件状语从句和that引导的定语从句If you become sick, it is scarcely possible to pursue your career effectively, much less make your dreams come true. On the other hand, if you are strong, you can go all out to overcome the obstacles that lie ahead of you. If you want your wish to come true, health is the most important component of your success.现在分词作伴随状语we should have a healthy and balanced diet, avoiding eating food high in fat, preferring instead to eat fresh vegetables and fruit which are rich in vitamins.‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎