北京市东城区2020届高三下学期阶段性检测英语试题

北京市东城区2020届高三下学期阶段性检测英语试题

‎2019—2020 学年度第二学期阶段性教学质量检测 高三英语 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)‎ 第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)‎ A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ I was four, playing outside in the humid Kentucky air. I saw my grandfather’s truck and thought, Granddad shouldn’t have to drive such an ugly truck. Then I ___1___(spy) some paint. Idea! I got a brush and painted white dots all over the truck. I was on the roof finishing the job when Granddad walked up, ___2___(look) at his truck in astonishment. “Angela, that’s the ___3___(pretty) truck I’ve ever seen!” Sometimes I think adults don’t stop to see things ___4___ a child’s eyes. He could have blamed me. Instead, he lifted my little soul.‎ ‎【答案】1. spied ‎ ‎2. looking 3. prettiest ‎ ‎4. through ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和爷爷的故事。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：然后我看到了一些油漆。全文时态都是一般过去时态，动词应使用一般过去式。故填spied。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：完成我的杰作后我就来到屋顶，这时爷爷走过来，看着他的卡车，十分惊讶。分析句子结构可知，look at his truck作Granddad的定语，look与Granddad之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填looking。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较等级。句意：Angela，那是我见过的最漂亮的卡车。“the +形容词最高级+可数名词+that I’ve seen/heard/known”意为“我见过的/听过的/知道的最……的……”,是形容词最高级的常见用法。故填prettiest。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：有时，我觉得成年人应该通过孩子的目光去看待事物。结合句意，后面的短语“a child’s eyes”是用来说明“see things”的方式，即“通过孩子的双眼看待事物”。故填through。‎ B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ How do you fight a coral-killing starfish? With a starfish-killing robot, of course. In Australia, researchers ___5___(test) a robot that kills starfish. Specifically, the robot targets a large starfish ___6___(call) the crown-of-thorns(长棘海星). The animal gets its name from its sharp, poisonous spines(刺). The robot uses cameras to search the seafloor for the starfish. Then it swims close to the animal and uses an extendable arm to inject it with poison. Soon, it is hoped ___7___ scientists can put the robot to work to protect the Great Barrier Reef. Then the starfish won’t seem so tough anymore.‎ ‎【答案】5. are testing ‎ ‎6. called 7. that ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚人用机器人对付海星，以保护当地的珊瑚礁。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：在澳大利亚，人们正试验用一种机器人来消灭海星。这是一篇介绍性的文章，测试机器人的行动是当下正在进行的，应使用现在进行时态。故填are testing。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：特别的是，机器人的目标是一种名为长棘海星的大型海星。分析句子结构可知，call the crown-of-thorns是starfish的定语，starfsh与call之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填called。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查主语从句。句意：科学家有望不久之后将这种机器人用于保护大堡礁的工作中。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，真正的主语是从句“scientists can put the robot to work to protect the Great Barrier Reef.”，句意完整，成分齐全，that引导主语从句，无词义，不做成分，“it+be动词+分词+that+从句”是常见句型。故填that。‎ C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ Zoo Awareness Day is a day ___8___ people question the place and value of zoos in the twenty-first century. It is organized by the Captive Animals’ Protection Society, which says zoos are mainly for tourism rather than protecting animals. Even though many zoos promote ___9___(they) as places of education, conservation and research, they are really just a tourist attraction. Zoo Awareness Day is to make people aware that animals in zoos suffer from physical and psychological problems because they are in cages. The protection of ___10___(nature) habitats is the only way to prevent further species decline.‎ ‎【答案】8. when ‎ ‎9. themselves ‎ ‎10. natural ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“Zoo Awareness Day”，提醒人们保护动物。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：动物园宣传日是处于二十一世纪的人们可以质问动物园地位和价值的日子。分析句子可知，a day是先行词，后句结构完整，不缺主语宾语，结合先行词的属性，考虑表时间的关系副词。故填when。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查代词。即使很多动物园都标榜自身为集教育、保护和研究于一体的地方，但实际上它们只是旅游景点而已。分析句子可知，这里的they作promote的宾语，就是指动物园自己，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：对自然栖息地的保护是避免物种进一步减少唯一的方法。这里的nature用来修饰名词habitats，应使用形容词。故填natural。‎ 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was “college colours” day at an elementary school in Altamonte Springs, Florida, on August 30. One of Laura Snyder’s fourth-grade students Billy wore an orange T-shirt ___11___ his favourite ‎ school, the University of Tennessee.‎ Billy was so excited to show Snyder his shirt. She was ___12___ that he took it one step further to make his own label and he drew his own UT logo with pen and paper and ___13___ it to his shirt.‎ But after lunch, Billy came back to Snyder’s room crying. Some girls at the lunch table next to Billy’s had made fun of the ___14___ on his shirt. Billy was depressed. Snyder knew kids can be ___15___. She was aware that the label was not the fanciest one, but this kid used the resources he had ____16____ to him to participate in the activity.‎ In an effort to ___17___ him up, Snyder planned to buy him a University of Tennessee shirt. She asked on the Facebook if anyone out there had any ___18___ at the university to make it a little extra special for Billy.‎ What happened next completely ___19___ her. Her post spread rapidly on Facebook, eventually reaching University of Tennessee fans and then the university itself. The university ___20___ by sending Billy a package of UT souvenirs for him and his classmates.‎ ‎“I’m not even sure I can put into words his ___21___. It was so heart-warming,” Snyder wrote in an ___22___ to her post. “Billy was so amazed at all the goodies in the box. He ___23___ put on the jersey(运动衫) and one of the many hats in the box. All who saw applauded for him. ”‎ But then things got even ___24___‎ The university’s official shop ___25___ on September 5 that it decided to take Billy’s handmade logo and turn it into a(an)___26___ shirt. And some of the money will be donated to an anti-bullying(反欺凌) organization.‎ ‎“When I told him that his design was being made into a real shirt and people wanted to wear it, his jaw ____27____,” Snyder wrote. “He had a big smile on his face, walked taller, and I could tell his ____28____ grew today! Thank you to the UT Nation for that!”‎ Billy’s mother wrote a letter of ____29____ that Snyder posted. It said, in part, “I can tell you that I spent a lot of my day reading all the kind words in support of my son and I’m ____30____ beyond words,” she wrote.‎ ‎11. A. appreciating B. representing C. admiring D. picturing ‎12. A. reminded B. convinced C. impressed D. satisfied ‎13. A. attached B. wore C. turned D. printed ‎14. A. brand B. sign C. colour D. sample ‎15. A. strange B. stupid C. cruel D. selfish ‎16. A. sustainable B. typical C. available D. convenient ‎17. A. cheer B. trip C. team D. pick ‎18. A. exchange B. contact C. suggestion D. knowledge ‎19. A. froze B. posed C. blinded D. floored ‎20. A. acknowledged B. greeted C. responded D. permitted ‎21. A. reaction B. improvement C. behaviour D. attitude ‎22. A. email B. address C. interview D. update ‎23. A. simply B. personally C. proudly D. fortunately ‎24. A. better B. more complicated C. harder D. more interesting ‎25. A. advertised B. explained C. promised D. announced ‎26. A. new B. expensive C. popular D. actual ‎27. A. changed B. dropped C. ached D. closed ‎28. A. confidence B. expectation C. responsibility D. reputation ‎29. A. agreement B. gratitude C. congratulations D. recommendation ‎30. A. educated B. helped C. shocked D. touched ‎【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四年级学生Billy穿着自绘田纳西大学标志的衬衣却遭到同学取笑，为了鼓励Billy，他的老师Snyder在Facebook上发文求助，竟然得到了田纳西大学官方的回应和帮助，甚至专门为Billy设计了衬衣。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laura Snyder的一名四年级学生Billy穿着一件橘色衬衣，它代表着Billy最喜欢的田纳西大学。A. appreciating感激，欣赏；B. representing代表；C. admiring羡慕，欣赏；D. picturing描写。结合后文Billy在衬衣上绘制了田纳西大学标志的表现，他穿这件衬衫就是代表了田纳西大学。故选B项。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到Billy更进一步制作了自己的标签。A. reminded提醒；B. convinced使信服；C. impressed留下印象；D. satisfied使满意。Billy自己给衣服增添的东西，无疑让老师留下了印象。故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用纸和笔自己画了田纳西大学的标志并把它贴在了衬衣上。A. attached依附，固定；B. wore穿着；C. turned转向；D. printed打印。Billy对衬衣做了装饰，其中之一就是增加了田纳西大学的标志，attach…to意为“贴在/附在……”。故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：旁边餐桌的几个女生嘲笑了他衣服上的标志。A. brand品牌；B. sign标志；C. colour颜色；D. sample样品。衣服上自制的标志是Billy自己的作品，被嘲笑所以很难过。logo与sign都有标志的意思。故选B项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Snyder知道孩子们有时会很冷酷。A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. cruel残酷的；D. selfish自私的。上文中Billy遭到同学嘲笑心情低落。站在老师的角度，是了解孩子们有时也会不近人情比较刻薄的。故选C项。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她意识到那个标签不是最好看，但这个孩子用上了可用的资源参与到这次活动中。A. sustainable可持续的；B. typical典型的；C. available可获取的；D. convenient方便的。标志也许显得简陋，但却是Billy花心思付心血制作的，应该是使用了手头可用的一切东西。故选C项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励他，Snyder打算给他买一件田纳西大学的衬衣。A. cheer鼓励，喝彩；B. trip旅行；C. team合作；D. pick挑选。cheer up意为“使高兴，使振作”，符合老师的行动。故选A项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在Facebook上询问是否有人能联系到田纳西大学，好为Billy做一些特别的东西。A. exchange交换；B. contact联系；C. suggestion建议；D. knowledge知识。如果在大学里有关系，做特制的衣服也许就有门路了。故选B项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的事让她大吃一惊。A. froze冻结；B. posed造成，引起；C. blinded使失明；D. floored使惊奇。下文提到的帖子走红、田纳西大学官方回应等事件无疑让Snyder十分惊讶。故选D项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，田纳西大学向Billy和他的同学们送去了大包的学校纪念品。A. acknowledged承认；B. greeted问候；C. responded回应；D. permitted允许。Snyder的帖子走红，田纳西大学官方也了解到了此事，因此作出了回应。故选C项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至不知道该怎么用语言描述他的反应。A. reaction反应；B. improvement提高；C. behaviour行为；D. attitude态度。下文中说到Billy接到礼物后的反应，十分温馨。故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Snyder在更新的博文中写道。A. email邮件；B. address地址；C. interview采访，面试；D. update更新。联系上文，这里应该是Snyder在Facebook上更新了动态。故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他骄傲地穿上运动衫并戴上了箱子里的一顶帽子。A. simply简单地；B. personally私下地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. fortunately幸运地。Billy收到田纳西大学送来的东西，心情不言而喻，一定非常骄傲。故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但接下来事情甚至朝着更好的方向发展了。A. better更好的；B. more complicated更复杂的；C. harder更难的；D. more interesting更有趣的。从下文来看，田纳西大学为Billy定制了专门的衬衣，是更大的惊喜。故选A项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学的官方商店在‎9月5日宣布决定采用Billy自制的标志然后做出实体的衬衣。A. advertised广告；B. explained解释；C. promised承诺；D. announced宣布。下一句的内容是商店作出的决定，应当是宣布出来的。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大学的官方商店在‎9月5日宣布决定采用Billy自制的标志然后做出实体的衬衣。A. new新的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. actual 实际的。与下文的“being made into a real shirt”呼应，指的是实体物品投入生产。故选D项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：当我告诉他他的设计被用于制作实体的衬衣而且人们都想穿这款衣服时，他惊讶得下巴都快掉到地上了。A. changed改变；B. dropped掉落；C. ached疼痛；D. closed关闭。jaw drop字面意为“下巴掉了”，夸张的说法表示非常吃惊。故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的脸上浮现出笑容，走路也昂首挺胸，我能看出来今天他自信了许多！A. confidence信心；B. expectation期待；C. responsibility责任；D. reputation名誉。从Billy露出笑容以及走路姿势的变化来看，得到田纳西大学鼓励的他变得更加自信了。故选A项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Billy的妈妈写信感谢Snyder发文。A. agreement同意；B. gratitude感激；C. congratulations恭喜；D. recommendation推荐。Billy今日的收获都是从老师Snyder在Facebook发文求助开始的，所以Billy的母亲要致以感谢。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感动到无以言表。A. educated教育；B. helped帮助；C. shocked震惊；D. touched触动。Billy的母亲在信中写到许多人送来鼓励Billy的话，这些无疑是让她十分感动的。故选D项。‎ 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Enjoy an amazing time in Lake Tahoe, CA with the fantastic show, Magic Fusion! This fantastic display features a variety of talented magicians who each take to the stage with their own flare, tricks, and illusions(视觉幻想) that will have the audiences who witness the show on the edge of their seats.‎ Presented by the amazing Loft Theatre, this show has seen the likes of famous magicians such as Robert Hall and Chipper Lowell. Each evening stars a different magician as well, so you can enjoy a variety of talented performers all on the same stage. It is great for all ages, so you can bring the entire family along to be excited and entertained during this 75-minute performance. You never know what you may see, so do not miss out!‎ The Loft Theatre is Lake Tahoe’s premier place for entertainment and delicious food. Not only is it home to amazing shows that will entertain and thrill, but it is also home to a dining experience that serves up some mouthwatering meals. Before your show, be sure to grab a bite to eat before heading over to enjoy the Loft. It is located in the extremely popular Heavenly Village area of Lake Tahoe next to sparkling fountains and the famous Heavenly Toy Shop. It also features a lounge(休息室) and guests who arrive early can enjoy food, fun, and magicians who will wow you with tricks for that extra dose(量) of entertainment!‎ For an amazing experience that you will not soon forget, be sure to enjoy this fantastic performance at the Loft Theatre!‎ Enjoy this amazing show that will keep you guessing with tons of great tricks and illusions to keep you and your whole family entertained. You can be on the edge of your seat with this option of regular seating to witness this fantastic show, or experience the Magic Fusion show in the best seats possible. Order your tickets today!‎ ‎31. What can we learn about Magic Fusion?‎ A. It is intended for all the family members.‎ B. The display will last for one and half hours.‎ C. Different performers will be performing together.‎ D. Audiences will be invited onto the stage during the show.‎ ‎32. The Loft Theatre .‎ A. lies in a famous largely populated area B. is well-known for the surrounding scenery C. serves food before and after the performance D. provides those who come early with extra show ‎33. What is true about the arrangement of the performance?‎ A. The performance on Friday finishes earlier.‎ B. The show starts from 9:00 pm every Tuesday.‎ C. There are two performances available every Sunday.‎ D. Regular and VIP seating are offered on different days.‎ ‎【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章对一场魔术表演进行宣传，介绍了演出时间、地点、剧场情况等。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二句“It is great for all ages, so you can bring the entire family along to be excited and entertained during this 75-minute performance.”可知，演出是面向全年龄段的，适合全家观看。故选A项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“It also features a lounge(休息室) and guests who arrive early can enjoy food, fun, and magicians who will wow you with tricks for that extra dose(量) of entertainment!”可知，提前到场的观众可以观看魔术师的额外表演。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。观察演出安排的图表和图例可知，周日会安排两场演出，分别在下午四点半和七点。故选C项。‎ B John Harrison has an enviable job in most people’s opinion. He’s the official taster for Dreyer’s Grand Ice Cream, one of the best-selling ice-cream brands in the U.S.A. On an average day, Harrison has to sample sixty ice creams at the Dreyer’s headquarters. When he isn’t doing that, he travels all over the country, buying Dreyer’s ice cream in supermarkets so that he can carry out spot checks for appearance and flavor. But, no matter how wonderful this job may sound, it is actually quite tough. It’s difficult work, requiring discipline, selflessness, and thorough preparation.‎ Before tasting a sample, Harrison uses his eyes first. If the ice cream doesn’t look attractive, he skips it. Then, he uses a gold spoon instead of one made of wood, plastic, or other metals. This is because regular spoons leave an aftertaste that can dull the taste buds(味蕾). In addition, the temperature of the ice cream may also influence the taster’s taste buds.‎ When Harrison samples ice cream, he first takes only a small bite of the ice cream, swishes it around in his mouth to introduce it to each of his taste buds, lightly licks his lips, and then gently breathes in so as to bring the smell up through the back of his mouth to his nose. With each step, he carefully sizes up whether the ice cream conveys the ideal balance between dairy sweetness and the flavor of the added ingredients. And last of all, no matter what the ice cream tastes like, he spits(吐) it out, since a full stomach makes for a dull palate(迟钝的味觉).‎ For Harrison, keeping a sharp palate means no onions, garlic, or cayenne pepper. He also doesn’t have any coffee or tea, since these block the taste buds. But to him, this is just a small price to pay for what he calls “the world’s best job” .‎ Harrison’s family has been in the ice-cream business for four generations, and Harrison himself has spent almost his whole life in it as well. Yet, he has never lost his love of the cold, creamy sweetness. He orders ice cream in restaurants for dessert, even when he’s not at work. On these occasions, he swallows the ice cream, taking in about a liter a week. Though he has gained some weight over the years he’s been with Dreyer’s, he couldn’t care less. “Who would trust a skinny ice-cream taster?” he jokes.‎ ‎34. What is forbidden in Harrison’s job?‎ A. Doing shopping. B. Eating the ice cream.‎ C. Using gold spoons. D. Skipping the ice scream.‎ ‎35. What can we learn about Harrison?‎ A. He learned his work skills from his family.‎ B. His job affects his appetite for the ice cream.‎ C. He is willing to give up something for his job.‎ D. He has to gain some weight to meet the need of work.‎ ‎36. What does Harrison think of his job?‎ A. Creative. B. Ordinary.‎ C. High-paying. D. Proud.‎ ‎37. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A. To describe Harrison’s job and how he does it.‎ B. To analyze the reasons why Harrison chose his job.‎ C. To make suggestions on how to apply for popular careers.‎ D. To introduce the advantages of working for a best-selling brand.‎ ‎【答案】34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了John Harrison的令人羡慕的工作——冰淇淋试味，这一职业其实并不像人们想象的那么美好，背后也需要不少付出。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“And last of all, no matter what the ice cream tastes like, he spits(吐) it out, since a full stomach makes for a dull palate(迟钝的味觉).”可知，试味结束后Harrison是不能吃掉冰淇淋的，必须要吐掉以避免饱腹感对味觉的影响。故选B项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“But to him, this is just a small price to pay for what he calls “the world’s best job” .”可知，尽管为了保持味觉敏锐日常生活中需要忌口，但Harrison仍然觉得这份工作无与伦比，作出一些牺牲也可以接受。故选C项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的But to him, this is just a small price to pay for what he calls “the world’s best job” .并结合最后两段来看，Harrison喜爱自己的工作也将毕生精力投入其中，对于这份工作他是引以为傲的。故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章围绕着Harrison 冰淇淋试味这项工作展开，详细描述了工作内容，旨在让读者对这一职业有所了解。故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】写作意图考题的主要形式分为考查整篇文章的写作目的和考查某处细节的写作意图。不同的文章写作目的也不尽相同，通常可以分为这么三种：1.常见于故事类的文章：讲述一段有趣或不同寻常的经历。2.常见于广告类的文章：推销一种产品或服务；吸引游客/读者/观众等。3.常见于科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会类的文章：向读者普及一些信息；报道某人某事；简单介绍某人某事。这类题目主观性较强的阅读理解需要考生具备对事物进行归纳分类的能力，在获取信息事实后，才能将已知细节加以分析，从而得出合理的判断。本文属于第三种类型，主要内容就是冰淇淋试味员Harrison和他的工作内容，其意图就是向读者介绍冰淇淋试味员这份职业和工作内容，提问写作意图的第四小题中，A选项是最贴合的，从而确定答案。‎ C In 2012, James Cameron, creator of Avatar and Titanic, became the first person to reach the Challenger Deep. When he arrived at the deepest spot on Earth at 7 miles below sea level, he spent hours mapping the region and taking photos and samples.‎ ‎“As human beings, we’re drawn to absolutes—the deepest, the highest, the coldest, the farthest,” he says. “And as a storyteller and curious monkey, I just wanted to see what was there.” The answer is obvious—plastic and more. “Our so-called civilization is using the ocean as its toilet,” Cameron says. “Unless this changes, ocean ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.”‎ Despite decades of environmental studies, the impact of plastic and other forms of pollution on oceans are not entirely understood. Initial studies appear to indicate that ingesting(摄取) them—either directly or indirectly—could cause disease. Plastics can also release poisonous substances into the water, which could potentially impact animal populations.‎ But plastic is just one of the problems facing oceans that have yet to be fully understood. “Plastic waste in the ocean is horrifying but is only the most obvious of our many deadly waste streams, which include carbon that’s heating the atmosphere and making the ocean acidic, and the run-off nutrients from all the world’s agriculture, which is causing anoxic(缺氧的) dead zones the size of countries,” Cameron says.‎ Oceans, like the rest of the world, are impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide—about 30 percent of which is absorbed by the sea. This absorption causes ocean acidification, where the pH level is altered to become more acidic. As a result, ‎ it’s harder for some creatures to form shells and skeletons and countless species at the base of the food web can struggle to survive, which, scientists say, has the potential to cause huge disruptions to entire ecosystems. Indeed, ocean acidification is thought to have played an important role in Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago.‎ The effect of climate change on the world’s oceans will likely worsen in coming decades. Last June, scientists announced carbon dioxide levels had reached the highest levels since human records began. The last time carbon dioxide levels were this high was during the Pliocene era, between 3 and 5 million years ago, when global temperatures were about 4 degrees Celsius warmer than they are today. Current climate models suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend, we may be on course to see 4 degrees of warming by 2100.‎ As a result, understanding the role oceans have on global systems is becoming more and more important.‎ ‎38. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?‎ A. The author’s feelings to the ocean. B. Cameron’s movies and remarks.‎ C. The author’s discoveries under the sea. D. Cameron’s observation and concern.‎ ‎39. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. Several countries are suffering from anoxic dead zones.‎ B. More concern should have been given to the pollution on oceans.‎ C. Plastic is supposed to be the most serious environmental problem.‎ D. Ocean acidification removes the nutrients from agricultural products.‎ ‎40. What does the underlined word “disruptions” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?‎ A. Decreases. B. Destruction.‎ C. Diseases. D. Discrimination.‎ ‎41. Why does the author mention the mass extinction event 252 million years ago?‎ A. To call on people to protect sea animals.‎ B. To compare current situations with the past.‎ C. To explain how serious the ocean problem is.‎ D. To prove pollution to be the cause of acidification.‎ ‎【答案】38. D 39. B 40. B 41. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章由詹姆斯·卡梅隆的一次潜航经历引入，从气候变化、环境污染等不同方面描述了海洋生态系统正在遭受的巨大破坏，告诫人们提高对海洋环境的重视。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。前两段讲述了大导演卡梅隆潜航至世界上海洋最深处，却看到了许多塑料垃圾。他发声称“Unless this changes, ocean ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.”意为“如果还不做出改变，海洋生态系统将会继续崩塌下去”。这正是他的所观所想。故选D项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段“Plastic waste in the ocean is horrifying but is only the most obvious of our many deadly waste streams, which include carbon that’s heating the atmosphere and making the ocean acidic, and the run-off nutrients from all the world’s agriculture, which is causing anoxic(缺氧的) dead zones the size of countries”可知，塑料垃圾的影响显而易见但也不能忽视其他废物排泄对海洋造成的影响，人们对海洋污染的关注仅仅着眼于塑料垃圾是远远不够的。故选B项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。A. Decreases减少B. Destruction破坏C. Diseases疾病D. Discrimination歧视。分析划线词所在句子可知，一些生物难以生长甲壳和骨骼，许多的处于食物链底端的生物生存也十分艰难，这对整个生态系统无疑是造成破坏的。故选B项。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第五段最后一句“Indeed, ocean acidification is thought to have played an important role in Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago.”提及了两亿五千二百万年前的物种大灭绝，海洋酸化在其中扮演了重要角色，时下我们面临的情况也在朝着这个方向演进，这正是在说明情况的严峻性。故选C项。‎ D As we prepare learners with the skills needed for the 21st century, there is a greater desire to further integrate technology into our classrooms. Whether it’s a K-12 or college classroom, it’s rare to find an environment that does not integrate technology in some form or another. In some cases, online learning has replaced the physical classroom altogether. As educators, we owe it to ourselves and our students to use these benefits. However, while technology offers significant advantages, simply integrating it as an alternative source of delivery or as another means for students to demonstrate their comprehension is not an effective practice.‎ We must remind ourselves that any form of learning technology should also be guided. These ‎ resources are just instruments and require high-quality guided practice from instructors. These instruments, combined with guidance, can afford good instruction, practice and motivation. While technology can positively impact learning outcomes, it may be even more effective for some students if it’s instructor-led and integrated into a well-designed curriculum(课程).‎ Technology is rapidly changing the educational environment and challenging students to adapt accordingly. It can frustrate students of different generations struggling to learn how to use a learning platform in addition to picking up the actual subject. Some may wonder, “Why should I waste time learning how to create a podcast(播客) when I could simply write the paper?”‎ It’s a reasonable question. We must not assume students who were raised using technology are always comfortable learning with these tools. A study found that because of tools some students may not have experience using, they may need more direction on how to apply these tools. Students may struggle if an instructor neglects to teach the conceptual basis of the tools. Technology may mean little without appropriate objectives and goals for its use, structures for its application, and trained deliverers.‎ Educators are also tasked with providing students the skills they need to flourish in a highly competitive and technologically-based workplace. Many of the skills obtained through online classes are valuable professional skills. Students taught how to use multiple learning technologies effectively have a competitive advantage over those who are simply using technology as a method of delivery in the online classroom. Regardless of the subjects we teach, integrating technology gives our students the opportunity to not only learn the content, but also to develop skills useful beyond our classrooms. Technology, when integrated and balanced appropriately with the curriculum and with student needs, can make us more effective as educators.‎ ‎42. What is important to the learning technology?‎ A. Instruction and revision. B. Comprehension and application.‎ C. Guidance and arrangements. D. Diversity and flexibility.‎ ‎43. According to the passage, what should an educator do?‎ A. Arrange online assignment for students.‎ B. Help students master online technology.‎ C. Prepare students with rules in the workplace.‎ D. Notify students of the value of the learning tool.‎ ‎44. What’s the author’s attitude toward learning technology?‎ A. Critical. B. Unconcerned.‎ C. Wait-and-see. D. Approving.‎ ‎45. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Does Technology Boost Educational Effectiveness?‎ B. Is the Learning Technology a Tool or an Opportunity?‎ C. Can Technology Put an End to Traditional Classrooms?‎ D. Does the Learning Skill Outweigh the Learning Content?‎ ‎【答案】42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章描述了技术给教育领域带来的影响，并且提出如果二者能合理恰当地平衡、结合，就能使教育工作变得更加高效。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句和最后一句“We must remind ourselves that any form of learning technology should also be guided.”“While technology can positively impact learning outcomes, it may be even more effective for some students if it’s instructor-led and integrated into a well-designed curriculum(课程).”可知，教育技术一方面应当处于指导之下，另外也要与精心安排的课程相结合。故选C项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Regardless of the subjects we teach, integrating technology gives our students the opportunity to not only learn the content, but also to develop skills useful beyond our classrooms. Technology, when integrated and balanced appropriately with the curriculum and with student needs, can make us more effective as educators.”和整篇文章可知，教会学生们线上技术不仅帮助他们学到各科内容，也能发展个人技能，还可以使得教学工作进展得更加顺畅，这正是身为从教者应当去做的事情。故选B项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。从全文最后一句“Technology, when integrated and balanced appropriately with the curriculum and with student needs, can make us more effective as educators.”可知，作者认为如果正确合理地利用教育技术，益处是非常明显的，也就是对于教育技术持赞同态度。故选D项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章主要阐述合理地结合教育与技术能提升教育的效率，A选项与文章最后一句贴合。故选A项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Internet is the largest library in the history of the world and a great resource for anyone seeking information. ___46___ In recent years, plagiarism from online sources has become a serious problem, especially among students.‎ Original written work and information are protected by copyright laws. Therefore, when you use information you find while doing research, you should always give credit to the person that produced it. To plagiarize is to use ideas that are not your own without giving credit to the original source, or to claim that someone else’s ideas are your own. This is a dishonest practice.‎ Internet-related plagiarism has become such a problem. ___47___ There are thousands of resources for students who wish only to copy or cheat. However, the Internet also makes it easier for educators to check for plagiarism. Often a simple Internet search for a quote will be enough to expose copying. ___48___ Because copying and pasting(粘贴) is so easy, it is becoming more and more common for well-meaning students to mix up source material with their original ideas. While unintended plagiarism usually happens innocently, it is still a mistake.‎ ‎___49___ Usually, the first step of researching is to gather information. You’d better keep a computer document named “References” where you can keep useful information you search on the Internet. Copy and paste the material directly from the document. When you print out parts of the article from the document, print the first page of the article. ___50___ These will help you remember the source of the information. Then print pages that have the information you need. After you finish your assignment, in the same way that you review your work for clarity and mistakes, you need to check that you have matched the quoted information with the correct source. Following these tips, you will avoid mixing up source material with your ideas.‎ A. It lists details like the name of writer and publication.‎ B. But doing research on the Internet is not without its risks.‎ C. This is because it is so easy to find and copy information online.‎ D. Some educators are more concerned about unintended plagiarism.‎ E. In addition to dishonesty, plagiarism is a lost opportunity for students.‎ F. To avoid unintended plagiarizing, managing your sources becomes important.‎ G. If you use ideas from other writers without quoting from the original work, you’re plagiarizing.‎ ‎【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. F 50. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章就现在盛行通过网络进行抄袭剽窃的行为作了批评，并就如何不把网络素材和个人原创混淆给出了建议。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 上一句提到“网络是最大的图书馆和信息库。”下一句转而提到剽窃问题的兴起。B选项“但是在网上做研究并非没有风险。”作转折，放在两句之间切题。故选B项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 上一句提到“网上剽窃已经成了问题。”C选项“这是因为在网上查找、复制信息太容易了。”作出解释，切题。而下一句“有成千上万的资源提供给只想抄袭的同学。”也形成呼应。故选C项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 上一句提到“简单地对引述作查询就能发现有无剽窃。”意即有意的剽窃并不难发现。而后文转而讨论“unintended plagiarism非有意剽窃”，D选项“一些从教者更担心非有意剽窃。”切题。故选D项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 第四段建议读者在收集信息的过程中将网上的资源单独放在一个文件夹内，打印时做好标记和说明，这是为了防止出现剽窃。F选项“为了避免非有意剽窃，管理好你的资源显得很重要”贴合整段主题。故选F项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 上一句提到“打印这个文件夹里的文章时，打印出第一页。”下一句“这些将有助于你记住这些信息的来源。”显然我们是在第一页上标记了文章的出处信息，A选项“它上面列着诸如出版物和作者的名字等详细信息。”切题，该选项中的it对应上文的first page。故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。‎ 分析本文的语篇结构，可以知道第一段是文章的主题句，然后接下来各段的语篇结构都是主题句（总）+支撑句（分）（分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等）。所以第4小题需要确定本段的主题句，整段在讲述为了避免出现非有意剽窃，我们要做好素材管理分类的工作，只要对本段所讲的主题有了明确的把握，就不难确定F选项正是我们需要的主题句。‎ 第三部分：书面表达(15分)‎ ‎51.你的英国好友Jim在学习中国诗词，对“故人西辞黄鹤楼，烟花三月下扬州” 一句感到不解，他发来邮件向你咨询。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1．解释诗句；‎ ‎2．介绍国内一处适宜在春季观光旅游的地方。‎ 注意：1．词数不少于50；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 提示词：黄鹤楼Yellow Crane Tower Dear Jim,‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Jim I’m so glad that you’re interested in Chinese poetry! The poem you read was written by Li Bai, one of the greatest poets of the Tang Dynasty. It describes a scene when the poet saw off his friend at Yellow Crane Tower for his journey to Yangzhou. It was the third month by lunar calendar, when all the flowers were in full bloom in spring. What a vivid picture of the beautiful spring scenery! This is the power of Chinese poetry.‎ I believe you will have a further understanding after you read more Chinese poems.‎ It is spring right now. Just as described in the poem there are so many places in China that deserve a visit. For example, the city of Wuhan, where Yellow Crane Tower is located, is exactly a place ‎ suitable for a spring tour. As the capital city of Hubei Province in central China, Wuhan is in its most beautiful season now. Blooming flowers and the countless historical sites are indeed a feast to the eye!‎ I hope we can tour the city together in the near future!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生解释诗句意思，并向朋友介绍一处旅游地点。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 结构：总分法 ‎   总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1.解释诗句背景和含义 ‎ 2.介绍旅游地点 ‎ 1）所处位置（the location）‎ ‎ 2）旅游景观（the scenery）‎ ‎ 3) 适合春季观光的理由（reason to visit it in Spring）‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ Chinese poetry; Tang Dynasty; lunar calendar; see off; deserve a visit; for example; be located in; bloom; describe; in the future 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. The poem was written by Li Bai, a great poet of Tang Dynasty.‎ ‎2. The poet saw off one of his friends at Yellow Crane Tower.‎ ‎3. In the third month by lunar calendar, many flowers bloom.‎ ‎4. There are many places that deserve a visit. For example, the city of Beijing.‎ ‎5. You can enjoy blooming flowers almost everywhere.‎ ‎6. Looking forward to your coming to China and touring together.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，结构紧凑。作者在范文中使用了丰富的英语表达形式，如感叹句：What a vivid picture of the beautiful spring scenery!非限制性定语从句：For example, the city of Wuhan, where Yellow Crane Tower is located, is exactly a place suitable for a spring tour词组使用也较为丰富，如one of the greatest poets; be in full bloom; a feast to the eye等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎