2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修8-Module+3+Foreign+Food

2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修8-Module+3+Foreign+Food

‎[话题素材]‎ 好词 ‎1．energy n. 能量，精力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的 ‎2．menu n. 菜单3.flavour n. (食物的)味道与气味 ‎4．raw adj. 生的5.digest vi.&vt.消化 ‎6．a healthy/balanced diet 健康的/平衡的饮食 ‎7．fried food 油炸食品8.put_on weight 增加体重 ‎9．lose weight 减肥10.keep fit/healthy 保持健康 ‎11．be made of/from 由……制成12.be rich in fibre 富含纤维 ‎13．be beneficial to 对……有益处14.benefit from 从……中受益 ‎15．eating habits 饮食习惯 佳句 ‎1．Food is the first necessity of the people.‎ 民以食为天。‎ ‎2．Eat to_live,_but do not live to_eat.‎ 吃饭是为了活着，但活着不仅仅为了吃饭。‎ ‎3．What is food to one man may be poison to another.‎ 一个人的食物可能成为另一个人的毒药。(萝卜青菜，各有所爱)‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ Julie wanted to become thinner. She knew she ought to eat more vegetables and fruit but little meat. However， as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends， she did not consult a doctor but lived on a diet of rice， raw vegetables， bananas and lemons. Three weeks later， she found she weighed as much as ever. She felt so sad and hopeless about herself and her behaviour changed. She didn't dare to face her boyfriend and she was unwilling to visit her friends any more. Luckily， her best friend Fred came to see her and encouraged her to exercise， eat a balanced diet and enjoy life again. Soon Julie became amazing by slim and energetic！ She felt very happy.‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．owe (v.) 应给予 ‎2．manner (n.) 方式；方法 ‎3．consequence (n.) 后果 ‎4．casually (adv.) 随意地→casual (adj.) 随意的 ‎5．gradual (adj.) 逐渐的；逐步的→gradually (adv.) 逐渐地；逐步地 ‎6．greedily (adv.) 贪婪地，贪心地→greedy (adj.) 贪婪的；贪心的→greed (n.) 贪婪，贪心 ‎7．trend (n.) 趋势，趋向 ‎8．artificial (adj.) 人造的；人工的 ‎9．altogether (adv.) 总的说来；总而言之 ‎10．poison (n.) 毒药→poisonous (adj.) 有毒的；恶意的 ‎11．taste (n.) 味道→tasty (adj.) 美味的，可口的 ‎12．requirement (n.) 要求→require (v.) 要求 ‎13．entertain (v.) 招待，款待；请客；使欢乐→entertainment (n.) 招待；款待；娱乐→entertaining (adj.) 有趣的；娱乐的 ‎14．remark (v.) 谈到，说起→remarkable (adj.) 引人注目的→remarkably(adv.) 引人注目地；明显地；非常地 ‎15．abundant (adj.) 丰富的；充裕的→abundance (n.) 丰富；充裕 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．have...in_common　　　　与……有共同点 ‎2．in_short总之；简而言之 ‎3．go_against违反，违背 ‎4．make_out看出；理解 ‎5．end_up结束 ‎6．no_wonder难怪 ‎7．be_popular_with受欢迎 ‎8．set_fire_to放火烧 ‎9．by_nature天性，本性 ‎10．fall_in_love_with_sb.爱上某人 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．could not have done“(过去)不可能做某事”‎ I had eaten Chinese food often, but I could_not_have_imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.(教材P30)‎ 我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没有想到真正的中式宴席会那么丰盛。‎ ‎2．No wonder“难怪……”，是It is no wonder that ＋句子……的省略 No_wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish.(教材P30)‎ 怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口。‎ ‎3．“the＋序数词＋time”充当连词，引导时间状语从句。‎ The_first_time I saw a threeyearold kid cheerfully chewing a chicken's head I had bad dreams for weeks.(教材P30)‎ 我第一次看到一个3岁的小孩欢快地咀嚼着一个鸡头时，连续几周都做噩梦。‎ ‎4．It was/is＋被强调部分＋that/who...强调句式 It_was only after I had tasted it that I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms.(教材P31)‎ 只是在我尝了之后才知道这实际上是用蘑菇做的。‎ ‎5．助动词does/do/did＋动词原形表示强调谓语。‎ But one thing I do_admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.(教材P31)‎ 但是让我非常钦佩的一件事是英国人吃饭的举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆，他们也会吃得斯斯文文。‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．I started eating ________ (greedy)．‎ 答案：greedily ‎2．There was enough ________ (feed) a whole army.‎ 答案：to feed ‎3．No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few ________ (bite) of each dish.‎ 答案：bites ‎4．He must have thought I ________ (joke)．‎ 答案：was joking ‎5．However, there are other kinds of foods ________ have taken longer for me to accept.‎ 答案：that/which ‎6．It was quite hard to make out ________ they contained.‎ 答案：what ‎7．It was only after I had tasted it ________ I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms.‎ 答案：that ‎8．The food here goes ________ the Chinese sense of beauty and style at the dinner table.‎ 答案：against ‎9．But one thing I ________ admire is the polite manner ________ which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.‎ 答案：do; in ‎10．Asparagus is by nature tender and tasty at one end, but gets ________ (tough) and difficult to eat at the other end.‎ 答案：tougher ‎1　　owe　v. 应给予；欠(债等)；感激；把……归功于……‎ Everything you see I owe to spaghetti.(P29)‎ 你所看见的我(的身材都)是意大利通心粉所赐。‎ ‎(1)owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 owe...to 把……归功于；为……而感谢 owe sb. an_apology 该向某人道歉 ‎(2)owing to＝due to/ because of 因为，由于 ‎①[牛津双解]He owes his success to hard work.‎ 他的成功是靠勤奋工作。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]Owing_to a lack of funds, the project will not continue next year.‎ 由于缺乏资金，该项目明年将不再继续推进。‎ ‎③[2015·北京高考]“I think maybe we owe_you_an_apology，” she said.‎ 她说：“我认为我们应该向你道歉。”‎ ‎④[2014·安徽高考改编]The old lady refused to take any money from me, so I owed thanks to her.‎ 这个老妇人拒绝收我的钱，所以我应该感谢她。‎ ‎⑤[2012·上海高考]Owing_to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.‎ 由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。‎ ‎2　　manner　n. 方式；方法 I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by the food.(P31)‎ 我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，而我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。‎ ‎(1)in a．..manner以……的方式 a friendly/relaxed manner 友好的/悠闲的样子 ‎(2)have good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌 It is good/bad manners for sb. to_do sth. 做某事对某人来说有/没有礼貌 table_manners 餐桌礼仪 ‎①[外研⑤]Dad gave us a lecture about our table_manners.‎ 爸爸对我们的餐桌礼仪教育了一通。‎ ‎②[2015·安徽高考]Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years.‎ 因为它们无私奉献的行为方式，这些小动物在地球上已经幸存了1.4亿年了。‎ ‎③[2014·浙江高考改编]The passage is mainly about customs and social manners in doing business in some countries.‎ 这篇文章主要讲述的是一些国家生意场上的社交礼仪。‎ ‎3　　fixed adj. 固定的，确定的，不变的 The Chinese have a fixed phrase “cold leftovers”．(P31)‎ 中国人有个成语叫“残羹冷炙”。‎ ‎(1)fixed incomes 固定的收入 fixed costs 固定成本 How are you fixed for sth.？你有多少……；你……安排得如何？‎ fixedly adv.凝视地，目不转睛地 ‎(2)fix one's attention/eyes on...注意力集中到……上 fix a time/date/place 确定时间/日期/地点 fix up 安排；修理 ‎①[牛津双解]The money has been invested for a fixed period.‎ 这笔款项已做定期投资。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]We'll have to fix_up a time to meet.‎ 我们得安排一个见面的时间。‎ ‎③[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]There's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.‎ 做错的人没有承担纠正错误的责任，由这种互动所导致的人与人之间的关系是缺乏信任的。‎ ‎④[2014·重庆高考]That leaky faucet somehow awakened me to the fact that I nowhad to face up to the challenge of getting things fixed.‎ 不管怎样，漏水的水龙头让我意识到我现在必须面对维修东西的挑战的事实。‎ ‎⑤[2013·安徽高考]Your attitude would be improved when you fix your attention_on good things.‎ 当你把注意力集中在好的事情上时，你的态度就会改善。‎ ‎4　　requirement　n．要求 The waiter put these foods inside bread or potatoes according to people's requirements.(P31)‎ 侍者按照人们的要求把这些食物放在面包或土豆里。‎ ‎(1)safety requirements 安全要求 meet/satisfy requirements for 满足……的要求 ‎(2)sth.＋require＋ 某物需要被……‎ require sb. to_do sth. 要求某人做某事 be required to do sth./for sth.要求……‎ require＋that＋主语＋(should＋)do 要求……(宾语从句用虚拟语气) ‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ requirement 后面跟表语从句、同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气用(should＋)do表示。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]The situation required that he be_present.‎ 这种情形需要他在场。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]Most house plants require regular watering.‎ 大多数室内盆栽植物需要定期浇水。‎ ‎③[2014·浙江高考，自选模块]At least they can see that there are clear reasons for these requirements.‎ 至少他们可以看到这些要求都有清楚的原因。‎ 过关演练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．[2015·陕西高考]They ignore the appointed time and leave their homes only after the ________ (fix) time.‎ 答案：fixed ‎2．[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]We were low on cash ourselves, but... well, sometimes giving from our need instead of our ________ (abundant) is just what we need to do!‎ 答案：abundance ‎3．[2015·安徽高考]All around the world, we can see the ________ (consequence) of this throwaway lifestyle.‎ 答案：consequences ‎4．[2015·四川高考]Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping ________ (pattern), said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk.‎ 答案：patterns ‎5．[2015·安徽高考]Our ________ (appetising) for new products also contributes to the problem.‎ 答案：appetite ‎6．[2015·四川高考]And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by ________ (artificially) light.‎ 答案：artificial ‎7．Factories produce large amounts of chemicals that are ________ (poison) to human beings.‎ 答案：poisonous ‎8．[2014·浙江高考，自选模块]On the other hand, most students respect rules and ________ (require)that help them stay focused on the future.‎ 答案：requirements ‎9．[2014·湖北高考]The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by avoiding making critical ________(remark)．‎ 答案：remarks ‎10．She ate noisily and ________ (greedy)．‎ 答案：greedily ‎1　　no wonder 难怪 No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish; they knew what was still to come.(P30)‎ 怪不得我的朋友每道菜只吃了几口，他们知道后面还有什么要上。‎ ‎(1)It's no wonder (that)．../No wonder (that)．.. 难怪……‎ It's a_wonder that... 令人吃惊的是……‎ in wonder 惊奇地 do/work wonders 创造奇迹 ‎(2)wonder＋if/whether... 不知是否……‎ wonder＋why/how/what...想知道……‎ wonder at/about... 对……好奇；想知道……‎ ‎(3)wonderful adj. 精彩的，令人惊奇的 wonderfully adv. 令人惊奇地，非常，很好地 ‎①[牛津双解]No_wonder you're tired, you've been walking for hours.‎ 难怪你累了呢，你一直走了好几个小时。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]It's_a_wonder no one got hurt.‎ 竟然没人受伤，真是奇迹。‎ ‎③[2015·福建高考]I_wonder_how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.‎ 我想知道玛丽这么多年是如何保持她的身材的。‎ ‎④[2014·湖北高考]There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm, clear blue sea.‎ 那里没有泳池的喧嚣，只有非常温暖的，清澈的蓝色海洋。‎ ‎⑤[2013·陕西高考]Was he talking about my wonderful Scola?‎ 他在谈论我的完美的Scola吗？‎ ‎2　　make out(勉强地)看出，听出；理解；填写；辨认出；声称 It was quite hard to make out what they contained.(P31)‎ 很难弄清楚它们究竟是什么做的。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]The grapes are_made_into wine.‎ 这些葡萄用来做酒。‎ ‎②He made_out a cheque for ￡100.‎ 他开了一张100英镑的支票。‎ ‎③[外研⑤]I would make_up a bed for you on the sofa.‎ 我可以给你在沙发上铺个床。‎ ‎④We've only got one day in Paris, so we'd better make_the_most_of it.‎ 我们在巴黎只有一天时间，所以我们最好能充分利用它。‎ ‎⑤[2015·四川高考]I believe we both can make_much_progress with each other's help.‎ 我相信在彼此的帮助下我们都能取得很大的进步。‎ ‎⑥[2014·湖北高考]Small things make_a_big_difference.‎ 小事情也有大的影响。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 no wonder； make out； end up； have...in common； go against； set fire to； in short； make up ‎1．[2013·湖北高考]That has become a sort of fashion. ________ it ranks as the world's most bodyconscious country.‎ 答案：No wonder ‎2．[2012·江西高考]Jason was determined not to ________ their father's wishes but Mark was more adventurous than his brother.‎ 答案：go against ‎3．[2014·江苏高考]Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or ________ in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford.‎ 答案：end up ‎4．It was quite hard to ________ what they contained.‎ 答案：make out ‎5．The person who ________ the school was sentenced to life imprisonment.‎ 答案：set fire to ‎6．The two cultures ________a lot ________.‎ 答案：have; in common ‎7．He like travelling, meeting people, and eating well. ________， he liked having a good ‎ time.‎ 答案：In short ‎8．He ________ some excuse about his daughter being sick.‎ 答案：made up ‎1　　The_first_time I saw a three－year－old kid cheerfullychewing a chicken's head I had bad dreams forweeks.(P30)‎ 我第一次看到一个三岁大的孩子高兴地啃着一只鸡头后，连续几周都做噩梦。‎ the first time相当于从属连词，引导状语从句，可译为“第一次……”。类似的以名词短语来充当连词的还有：the moment， the minute， the second， the instant， every time， each time， next time， the last time等。‎ ‎(1)for the first time只能用作句子的状语，不可用来引导状语从句，它不具有连词的功能，这是它与the first time的区别。‎ Abraham Lincoln was elected president of America in 1860 for the first time.‎ 林肯在1860年第一次被选为美国总统。‎ ‎(2)It/This/That is/was the first/second time＋that－clause是个很重要的句型，其用法是：当前面的be动词是is时，后面句子用现在完成时；当be动词是was时，后面句子用过去完成时。其表达的意思是“某人第几次做某事”。‎ It is the second time that I have been here.‎ 这是我第二次来这儿。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]I want to see him the_moment he arrives.‎ 他一到我就想见到他。‎ ‎②This is the first time that I've been to London.‎ 这是我第一次去伦敦。‎ ‎③[外研⑤]It's about time our team won.‎ 该是我们队赢的时候了。‎ ‎④[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]So when it's_time_to repaint, go blue.‎ 因此当到了重新粉刷房子时，就刷蓝色吧。‎ ‎⑤[2014·陕西高考]You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for_the_first_time only yesterday.‎ 你知道，我只是在昨天第一次见到我女朋友的父母。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2015·北京高考]________ time the light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters (散开)．‎ 答案：Each/Every ‎2．[2015·北京高考]It was time ________ (put) the tips he had learned to use.‎ 答案：to put ‎3．[2014·江苏高考]________ the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honour in speech.‎ 答案：By ‎4．[2014·天津高考]I had said “yes” but ________ the first time, I realized the tough decisions adults had to make.‎ 答案：for ‎5．[2014·湖北高考]It seems like high time that we ________ (look) seriously at just what kind of force they are.‎ 答案：looked/should look Grammar (1)　Review of attributes——定语 定义：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分。‎ 位置 英语中的定语有前置和后置两种位置。一般情况下，单个形容词、代词、数词、名词、动词ing、动词ed形式等放在所修饰之词的前面，作前置定语；短语、从句等放在所修饰之词的后面，作后置定语。‎ ‎1．He is a responsible man. (adj. 作定语)‎ ‎2．He is the man responsible_for the accident.(adj. 短语作后置定语)‎ ‎3．This man is famous for his stories.(指示代词作定语)‎ ‎4．The building built two years ago is 28 floors.(过去分词作定语)‎ ‎5．[2014·北京高考]Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ ‎(1)形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等之后。‎ I have nothing important to tell you.‎ ‎(2)有些形容词如present等既能作前置定语又能作后置定语，但意义不同。‎ I have no idea of the present situation.目前的(前置定语)‎ Do you know the teacher present at the meeting?‎ 出席的；在场的(后置定语)‎ ‎(3)一个名词被多个词修饰时，它们的排列顺序一般按以下规则排列：(顺口溜)描大形令(龄)，色国材用。‎ This is her new red Chinese silk dress.‎ 这是她的新的红色的中国产的丝绸面料的裙子。‎ 过关演练 找出下列句子中的定语 ‎1．[2015·课标全国卷]Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：serious ‎2．[2015·湖北高考]Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：conference; his ‎3．[2015·福建高考]Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：only; to survive ‎4．The park was full of people, enjoying themselves in the sunshine.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：enjoying themselves in the sunshine ‎5．Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50－metre course.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：dressed in; strange and funny Grammar (2)　Review of attributive clauses——定语从句 定义：修饰限制名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。‎ 定语从句的结构 先行词(被修饰的名词或代词)＋关系词(关系代词，关系副词)＋句子。‎ 类别 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往有逗号隔开。‎ 关系词 ‎①关系代词的用法分类 ‎②关系副词when, where, why等可用介词＋which/whom表示。‎ ‎1．[2015·福建高考]China Today attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and ‎ more people all over the world want to learn about China.‎ ‎《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。‎ ‎2．[2014·山东高考]A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. ‎ 从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。‎ ‎3．[2013·重庆高考]John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most_of_whom are family members.‎ 约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。‎ ‎4．He is not the same man as he was.‎ 他与过去不同了。‎ ‎5．We have found such materials as are used in their factory.‎ 我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。‎ ‎6．As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.‎ ‎＝The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody.‎ 众所周知，月球每个月围绕地球转一圈。‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ ‎(1)that不能引导非限制性定语从句且前面不能加介词，在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略。‎ ‎(2)介词＋which/whom引导的定语从句中介词的选用要依据以下原则：‎ ‎①选用介词时可看先行词；‎ ‎②选用介词时可看定语从句中谓语动词；‎ ‎③选用介词可看整句话的意思。‎ ‎(3)as引导限制性定语从句，常用于以下句式：‎ such＋名词＋as...，像……一样的 the same＋名词＋as...，和……一样的 ‎(4)as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：‎ as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。相同的是两者都可替代整个主句的内容。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)‎ ‎1．[2015·江苏高考]The number of smokers, ________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.‎ 答案：as ‎2．[2015·天津高考]The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.‎ 答案：where ‎3．[2015·安徽高考]Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill ________which school education depends.‎ 答案：on/upon ‎4．[2015·湖南高考]It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.‎ 答案：which ‎5．[2015·四川高考]The books on the desk, ________covers are shiny, are prizes for us.‎ 答案：whose ‎6．[2015·陕西高考]As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time________he should be able to be independent.‎ 答案：when