2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit24Society同步练习北师大版

2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit24Society同步练习北师大版

Unit 24 Society 一、语基必备知识 ‎(一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．homelessness n．　　　　　　 无家可归 ‎2．currency n. 货币 ‎3．ownership n. 所有权 ‎4．vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的 ‎5．bare adj. 赤裸的 ‎6．choke vi. 窒息，噎住 ‎7．virtue n. 优点，长处 ‎8．framework n. 结构，构架 ‎9．poster n. 海报 ‎10．edition n. 版本 ‎11．fragrant adj. 有香味的 ‎12．thirst n. 口渴 ‎13．swing vi. 摇动 ‎14．merchant n. 商人 ‎15．suck vt. 含在嘴里吮食 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．voluntary adj. 自愿的 ‎2．deposit vt.& vi. 存储，储蓄 ‎3．govern vt. 统治，管理 ‎4．burden n. 重担，负担 ‎5．resign vt.& vi. 辞职 ‎6．shrink vi. (使)收缩，缩小 ‎7．collision n. 相撞 ‎8．skip vt. 跳过 ‎9．cast vt. 投下 ‎10．undertake vt. 着手做，从事 ‎11．squeeze vt. 挤 ‎12．fine n. 罚款 38‎ ‎13．sentence n. 判决 ‎14．relay vt. 转达；传送 ‎15．abolish vt. 废除 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．abundant adj.大量的→abundance n．大量 ‎2．signature n．签名→sign v．签名；打手势 n．招牌；迹象；符号 ‎3．govern vt.统治，管理→government n．政府；管辖，治理 ‎4．accumulate v．积累→accumulation n．积累；聚集 ‎5．adjustment n．调整，调节→adjust vt.调整，调节，使适应 ‎6．delete vt.删除→deletion n．删除 ‎7．elect vt.选举，推选→election n．选举 ‎8．merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的→mercy n．宽容，仁慈 ‎9．consequently adv.所以，因此→consequent adj.作为结果的→consequence n．结果；后果 ‎10. diverse adj.各种各样的 →diversity n．多样性 ‎1.由shrink想到的动词 ‎①extend　　　　 延伸；伸出 ‎②increase 增加 ‎③enlarge 扩大；放大 ‎④expand 扩大；膨胀 ‎⑤decrease 减少 ‎⑥reduce 减少 ‎2.“virtue”相关词汇小结 ‎①optimism　　　　 乐观 ‎②modesty 谦虚 ‎③bravery 勇敢，勇气 ‎④justice 正义 ‎⑤diligence 勤勉 ‎⑥generosity 慷慨 ‎3.“熟词生义”小聚 ‎①fine n．　　　　 罚款 ‎②fail v. 衰退，衰弱 38‎ ‎③class n. 阶级；等级 ‎④express n. 快车 ‎⑤desert v. 抛弃，离弃 ‎⑥ground n. 根据 ‎(二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．come__into__being　　　　　　　 形成，存在 ‎2．wind__sb.up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指 ‎ 开玩笑)‎ ‎3．show__off 炫耀，夸耀 ‎4．knock__into__sb. 撞上某人 ‎5．break__into 闯入 ‎6．on__principle 根据原则 ‎7．sentence__sb.to__death 判某人死刑 ‎8．be__well/better__off 过得好/过得更好 ‎9．take...seriously 认真对待 ‎10．above__all 最重要的是；首先 ‎11．do__away__with 废除；取消 ‎12．to__start__with 首先 ‎13．play__an__important__role__in... 在……中起重要作用；‎ ‎ 在……中扮演重要角色 ‎14．contribute__to 促进，有助于 ‎15．take...into__account 考虑，注意，体谅 ‎16．keep__an__eye__on 注意，留意 ‎1.“v.＋介词to”短语多棱镜 ‎①belong to　　 属于 ‎②lead to 导致 ‎③keep to 遵守，坚持 ‎④contribute to 有助于，为……做贡献 ‎⑤admit to 承认 ‎⑥turn to 求助于 ‎2.knock相关短语荟萃 ‎①knock out　　　 摧毁 38‎ ‎②knock into 撞上 ‎③knock on/at 敲门 ‎④knock down 撞倒 ‎⑤knock over 撞倒 ‎3.“考虑”短语知多少 ‎①take...into consideration　 认真考虑 ‎②take...into account 考虑 ‎③take account of 考虑 ‎④think over 仔细考虑 ‎(三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：not...but...不是……而是……‎ Not increased happiness，but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.‎ 我们不是更快乐了，而是压力增加了，留给我们自己以及与朋友、家人享受乐趣的自由时间更少了。‎ 句型2：It’s high time that sb.did sth.到某人做某事的时候了 As a society，it’s__high__time__that__we__took these issues more seriously.‎ 作为整个社会来讲，是我们应该更严肃地考虑这些问题的时候了。‎ 句型3：would rather后接从句时，从句应该用虚拟语气 I’d(＝I__would)__rather__you__didn’t mention that.‎ 我宁愿你不要提那件事。‎ 句型4：what if...？如果……将会怎么样呢？‎ What__if some married people have affairs？‎ 要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？‎ 句型5：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语结构表示“使……”‎ They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made__it__easier__to keep an eye on people’s movements.‎ 之后他们可以派卫兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 ‎1．(2018·浙江卷6月)The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant(丰富的) food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.‎ 38‎ ‎2．The high building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever undertaken(承担). ‎ ‎3．The customer has to deposit(存储) a minimum of ￡100 monthly.‎ ‎4．He has the ability to govern(统治) and give peace to the country.‎ ‎5．The collision(相撞) took place in the busiest shipping lanes in the world.‎ ‎6．As a matter of fact, my job at the hospital is purely voluntary(volunteer)．‎ ‎7．Mary resigned(resign) as an agent in a travel agency in September and moved to Canada.‎ ‎8．They saw the man with a little girl skipping(skip) along behind him.‎ ‎9．He has been to China before；consequently(consequent) he knows something about it.‎ ‎10．The woman got on the bus，burdened(burden) with two heavy suitcases.‎ Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The new government is governing the country well and it makes its government well received by the people.(govern)‎ ‎2．I asked the young man to delete the records and he said that the records had been marked for deletion．(delete)‎ ‎3．The young man has killed an abundance of wildlife and he won’t escape being punished, for the evidence is abundant. (abundant)‎ ‎4．The leader was angry at factory closures and the consequent loss of local jobs and was worried about the consequence. Consequently she resigned.(consequent)‎ ‎5．If you move to a new city, you’d better adjust yourself to it. Sometimes, it is hard to make some adjustments. (adjust)‎ Ⅲ.选词成篇 break into; to start with; take...seriously; keep an eye on; be sentenced to Several days ago, the police 1.kept__an__eye__on three thieves who had 2.broken__into a bank. 3.To__start__with,__they 4.took__it__seriously and came up with a good plan. ‎ They arrested the thieves without any difficulty. Finally the thieves 5.were__sentenced__to three years in prison.‎ take...into account; show off; do away with; play an important role in; contribute to 38‎ My father used to ask my younger sister to 6.show__off her singing and dancing in front of his friends and relatives.But in my view, he didn’t 7.take my sister’s feelings into__account,__because I found sometimes she did it unwillingly. So I advised that my father should 8.do__away__with this behavior. As we all know, parents’ respect 9.plays__an__important__role__in the children’s growth, which 10.contributes__to their healthy psychology.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．不是那位老人，而是这些孩子应该受责备。‎ Not__the__old__man__but__the__children__are to blame for it.‎ ‎2．汤姆，别看电视了。到了你该睡觉的时候了。‎ Stop watching TV, Tom. It’s high time that you__went/should__go__to__bed．‎ ‎3．我们宁愿让女儿和我们在一起待在家里，但这是她的选择， 她不再是个孩子了。‎ We would__rather__our__daughter__stayed at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.‎ ‎4．如果我需要大一点的房间开会怎么办？‎ What__if I need a larger room for a meeting?‎ ‎5．我们队在加拿大赢了的消息使我们很高兴。‎ The news that our team had won in Canada made__us__very__happy．‎ ‎ abundant　adj.大量的；丰富的 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The apple trees are abundant in fruit.‎ ‎②The country has an abundant supply of fossil fuels.‎ ‎③(2017·江苏卷)The internet has made data abundant(abundance), allpresent and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——句型转换 Although the country is small，it is rich in minerals.‎ ‎④Although the country is small，it__is__abundant__in minerals.(abundant)‎ ‎⑤Although the country is small，there__are__minerals__in__abundance．(abundance)‎ ‎ ‎(1)be abundant in　　 富有……；……丰富 38‎ ‎(2)abundance n. 丰富 an abundance of... 丰富的……；许多的……‎ in abundance 大量；富裕 　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] ‎ Specially in Nanjing, silk production and other craft arts were beginning to be produced in abundance.‎ 特别是在南京，丝绸生产和其他一些工艺品开始大量涌现。‎ ‎ burden　n．负担，重担　vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/一句多译 ‎①既然我们身为父母，我们就得承担起照顾家人的责任。‎ Since we are parents，we bear__the__burden__of__looking__after all the family members.‎ ‎②有些家长抱怨他们孩子的家庭作业繁重。‎ Some parents complain that their__children__are__burdened__with__heavy__homework．‎ ‎③他整天为没完没了的论文所累，没有时间帮你。‎ ‎→He was__burdened__with endless paperwork，so he didn’t have time to assist you.‎ ‎→Burdened__with__endless__paperwork，he didn’t have time to assist you.(用过去分词作状语)‎ ‎ ‎(1)be a burden to　　　　 是……的负担 bear/carry/share the burden ‎ 承受/担负/分担重担 ‎(2)burden sb./oneself with sth.‎ ‎ 装载……；使……‎ ‎ 负担……‎ be burdened with... 负重；为……所累　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Poor fellow, he was only eighteen and to be burdened with a family!‎ 可怜的人儿，他才18岁，就挑起了家庭重担！‎ ‎ resign　vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①He made it clear that he would not resign from his present position.‎ ‎②He has resigned himself to the fact that he will lose his job.‎ 38‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 据我所知，他辞去了委员会的职务。‎ ‎③As far as I know，he resigned__from__the__committee．‎ ‎④As far as I know，he resigned__as__a__member__of__the__committee．‎ resign one’s job/position　 辞去工作/职务 resign from 从……辞职 resign as... 辞去……的职务 ‎ resign oneself to (doing) sth. 顺从……；使自己安 ‎ 于(做)某事 　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] No resign oneself to being defeated.‎ 不甘心于失败。‎ ‎ undertake　vt.着手做，从事；承担；承诺，保证 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The project undertaken(undertake) by the young engineer turned out to be very successful.‎ ‎②Whether or not the construction of the bridge will__be__undertaken(undertake) by our company remains to be seen.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③(2017·北京卷)收集了所有的材料，那些在计算机方面有天赋的人承担了制作视频的任务。‎ With all the materials collected, those who are talented in computers undertook__the__task__of__making the video.‎ undertake a task　　　 承担任务 undertake to do sth. 同意、答应或着手做某事 undertake that... 保证……　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Mr. Collins undertook to look after the children while his wife could go to the fit club with two of her friends.　柯林斯先生答应照顾孩子们，而他的妻子可以和她的两个朋友去健身俱乐部。‎ ‎[名师点津] undertake过去式、过去分词分别为：undertook；undertaken。‎ ‎ sentence　n．& vt.判决；宣判；判刑 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Believe it or not, the man who was sentenced to death has been free for two 38‎ ‎ years.‎ ‎②He has been sentenced to__pay (pay) a fine of ￡1，000.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 因为偷东西被判了三年刑，他感到非常羞愧。‎ ‎③He was__sentenced__to__three__years__in__prison for stealing, so he was very ashamed.‎ ‎④Sentenced__to__three__years__in__prison__for__stealing，he was very ashamed.(用过去分词作状语)‎ ‎ ‎(1)serve one’s sentence　 服刑 ‎(2)sentence sb.to death/be sentenced to death ‎ 判某人死刑 ‎ sentence sb.to...year(s) in prison ‎ 判处某人……年徒刑　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] He could be sentenced to ten years’ imprisonment for the most serious crime that he committed.‎ 他最严重的罪状可能使他被判处十年监禁。‎ ‎ consequently　adv.所以，因此 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①(2017·江苏卷)Consequently(consequent), some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a slower growth.‎ ‎②She was found guilty, and as a consequence she lost her job.‎ ‎③He was always late for work. In consequence, he was fired.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 由于缺少政府的支持，这项计划很快就失败了。‎ ‎④Owing__to/Because__of the lack of support from the government, the plan broke down soon.‎ ‎⑤The plan broke down soon, due__to the lack of support from the government.‎ ‎⑥As__a__consequence/result__of__the__lack__of support from the government, the plan broke down soon.‎ ‎(1)consequent adj.　　　　 随之发生的 ‎(2)consequence n. 结果 as a consequence/in consequence　 结果 38‎ as a consequence of.../in consequence of...‎ ‎ 由于……的结果　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] ‎ ‎①They’ve increased the number of staff and consequently the service is better.‎ 他们增加了职员，所以服务更好了。‎ ‎②As a consequence of her hospital experience, Shelly decided to become a nurse.‎ 由于有在医院工作的经验，雪莱决定当一名护士。‎ ‎ come into being　形成，存在，出现，诞生 ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①没人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始形成的。‎ No one knows when such a custom came__into__being．‎ ‎②“土豪”一词在网络上是怎样形成的？‎ How did the word “Tuhao” come__into__existence on the Internet?‎ ‎③据说新市长下个月将上任。‎ It is said that the new mayor will come__into__power next month.‎ come into existence 　　　 开始存在，建立，产生 come into effect/force 生效 come into use 开始被使用 come into power 掌权 come into fashion 开始流行　 ‎ ‎ show off　炫耀，夸耀；卖弄 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the new kitchen.‎ ‎②We were shown around the school by one of the students.‎ ‎③He asked me to his house and showed his new pictures to me.‎ ‎④Show the visitor in as soon as he arrives.Don’t make him wait around in the corridor.‎ ‎⑤(全国卷Ⅲ)When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.‎ show sb.around/in/out 领某人参观/进来/出去 show...to... 给……看……‎ 38‎ show up 出席，露面；暴露　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] She’s very proud of her daughter and always wants to show off her to her friends.‎ 她为她的女儿感到非常骄傲而且总是向她的朋友们炫耀她。‎ ‎ break into　破门而入，强行闯入；打断；突然……起来 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(天津卷)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.‎ ‎②(广东卷)I was still sleeping when the fire broke out,__and then it spread quickly.‎ ‎③(江西卷)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④那个男孩想挣脱他的父亲，但没成功。‎ The boy tried to__break__away__from his father but in vain.‎ ‎⑤科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面能有所突破。‎ Scientists hope to__break__through soon in their fight against heart disease.‎ break away from　　　　 脱离；放弃；打破 break in 打断；插嘴；闯入 break out 爆发；突然发生 break through 突围；突破；冲垮 break down 垮掉；出故障；分解 break up 破碎；拆散，驱散 ‎[佳句背诵] Instantly the good news was announced, the crowds broke into cheers.‎ 好消息一宣布，人群就欢呼起来。‎ ‎[名师点津] break into中的into是介词，其后接宾语；而break in中的in是副词，是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。‎ ‎ would rather后接从句时，从句应该用虚拟语气 ‎(教材P35)I’d(＝I would)rather you didn’t mention that.‎ 我宁愿你不要提那件事。‎ 38‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①—What about going shopping this weekend?‎ ‎—I’d rather not. I would rather stay(stay) at home. ‎ ‎②a.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) I would rather you brought(bring) an appropriate gift when visiting your Chinese friend. ‎ b．I’d rather you had__gone(go) to the party yesterday—it was so wonderful. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——同义句改写 Nowadays some teenagers would rather chat with strangers online than talk with their parents face to face.‎ ‎③Nowadays some teenagers would__chat__with__strangers__online__rather__than__talk with their parents face to face.(would...rather than ...)‎ ‎④Nowadays some teenagers prefer__to__chat__with__strangers__online__rather__than__talk with their parents face to face.(prefer...rather than...)‎ ‎ ‎(1)would rather(not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事 ‎(2)would rather do sth. than do sth. (＝would do sth. rather than do sth.＝prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ‎(3)would rather后接从句时，从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气：‎ ‎①would rather sb./sth. did sth. (对现在或将来的虚拟)‎ ‎②would rather sb./sth. had done sth. (对过去的虚拟)　‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I would rather stare at a clear, starfilled sky than a computer.‎ 我宁可凝视繁星满天的晴朗夜空也不愿盯着电脑。‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)使用would rather...than...句型时要注意平行结构，即than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个介词短语等。‎ ‎(2)牢记would rather后跟从句要用虚拟语气。‎ ‎ What if...？如果……将会怎么样呢？‎ ‎(教材P36)What if some married people have affairs?‎ 要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①It sounds like a good offer, but what if it’s a trick?‎ 38‎ ‎②If she spent five years in Paris，how come her French is so bad?‎ ‎③—I’m afraid it’s too expensive.‎ ‎—So what？We have plenty of money.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④如果她发现你把她的书弄丢了怎么办？ ‎ What__if__she__finds__out__that__you’ve__lost__her__book？‎ How come...？　　　　　 ……怎么会这样？‎ ‎ ……怎么搞的？‎ How/What about...? ……怎么样？‎ What for? 为什么(目的)?‎ ‎ 为何(理由)?‎ So what? 那又怎样？‎ Why not do sth.? 为什么不做某事呢？　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] What if he doesn’t accompany you to Beijing？　要是他不陪你去北京怎么办呢？‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance(abundant)．‎ ‎2．It is high time that everyone of us began(begin) to live a simple life.‎ ‎3．He gave up smoking at last. Consequently(consequence)，his health improved gradually.‎ ‎4．Only about 20% of the people voted in the local government elections(elect)．‎ ‎5．The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual(spirit) life.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．What if my son fails to arrive here and we miss the early bus?‎ ‎2．Burdened with heavy taxes，people had to struggle to make their ends meet in old times.‎ ‎3．I would rather take a bus than drive my car to work every day.‎ 38‎ ‎4．The teacher will make it easier for most of us to understand the whole passage.‎ ‎5．My best clothes are not modern or fashionable. Maybe someday they will come into fashion.‎ 维度三　语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)‎ ‎1．(2019·天津卷)By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character.负担；重担 ‎2．We should make teenagers realize the risk and consequence of taking drugs by putting more safety education into textbooks.结果 ‎3．(上海卷)As soon as I was offered a good position, Ⅰ would resign at once.辞职 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ For the first time in human history the population of older persons will be 1.larger(large) than the population of children. One reason is 2.that dramatic health advances have added 20 years to the average lifeexpectancy. And another is the low birthrates, which contribute to the 3.aging(age) society. People 4.traditionally(tradition) retire at 65 and live 5.on government pensions. As people grow older, a huge financial burden will 6.be__placed(place) on the government. Another concern is that medical 7.expenses(expense) increase with age. Experts suggest the 8.government(govern) should establish 9.a sound social security system. They also suggest that individuals start saving as soon as possible 10.to__ensure(ensure) a financially secure retirement.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①在这个村里这些传统很早就形成了。‎ These traditions came__into__being__a__long__time__ago．‎ ‎②如果一个人很富有，他(她)是不可以对别人炫耀的。‎ If someone is well__off,__he/she shouldn’t show__off．‎ ‎③如果一个人撞在另一个人身上，他(她)必须道歉。如果一户人家被破门而入了，邻居要去帮忙。‎ If someone knocks__into another person, he/she should say__sorry__to that person. If someone’s house is broken__into,__his /her neighbor should go to help.‎ ‎④每个村民在村里都起着重要的作用。‎ 38‎ Each villager plays__an__important__role__in the village.‎ ‎2．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in conclusion)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ These traditions came into being a long time ago. If someone is well off, he/she shouldn’t show off. If someone knocks into another person, he/she should say sorry to that person. If someone’s house is broken into, his /her neighbor should go to help. In conclusion, each villager plays an important role in the village.‎ 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·北京昌平区五校联考)A simple project to help a family in need stopped Luke Mickelson in his tracks. In 2012, he and his family were inspired to build and donate a bunk bed, one bed on top of the other, after learning there were local children who slept on the floor. Shocked to discover how widespread this need was in his community, ‎ 38‎ Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace, a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need.‎ Born and raised in Idaho, Mickelson, now 41, had a thriving career. He coached his kids’ sports teams and fished in the nearby river. But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor, his peaceful life changed course.‎ Using safety guidelines and his daughter’s bunk bed as a model, Mickelson started buying wood and supplies to build beds with his own money. He recruited friends and family members to help around the holidays. As the word spread, interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded—along with Mickelson’s bunk bed output. “That first project, we built 11 bunk beds in my garage，” he said. “The next year, we did 15. Then it doubled every year. In 2017, we built 612 bunk beds.”‎ With the motto “No kid sleeps on the floor in our town”， the nonprofit and its more than 65 branches have built and delivered more than 1，500 free beds to children across America. But along with the rapid growth, Mickelson was faced with a tough choice: advancing his career or his nonprofit. He chose the latter and went from making “great money to zero money”. He’s never looked back. “I found that the need I have isn’t financial，” he said. “The need I have is seeing the joy on kids’ faces, knowing that I can make a difference.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。Mickelson为了让自己社区的无床可睡的孩子们能够有床睡觉，成立了一个公益组织“Sleep in Heavenly Peace”。‎ ‎1．Why did Mickelson set up Sleep in Heavenly Peace?‎ A．To help the poor children.‎ B．To make a big fortune.‎ C．To inspire his community.‎ D．To get more donations.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据文章的第一段，尤其是最后一句中的“Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace, a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need”可知，Mickelson创建这个非营利组织是为了帮助贫困儿童。‎ ‎2．What do we know about Luke Mickelson?‎ A．He had his own fish farm.‎ B．He changed his career from time to time.‎ C．He used to sleep on the floor when he was a kid.‎ D．He originally had a relaxing and pleasant life.‎ 38‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第二段，尤其是最后一句“But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor, his peaceful life changed course.”可推知，Mickelson一开始过着轻松、舒适的生活。‎ ‎3．How did other people react to Mickelson’s project?‎ A．They showed little interest in it.‎ B．They were supportive and involved in it.‎ C．They were doubtful about the safety of the bunk bed.‎ D．They volunteered to buy beds with their own money.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He recruited friends and family members to help around the holidays. As the word spread, interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded”可知，Mickelson的朋友和其他家庭成员都来帮忙，随着消息的传播，更多人参与进来。由此可知，人们对Mickelson创建的这个组织非常支持，并且积极参与。‎ ‎4．What is Mickelson’s attitude to the nonprofit?‎ A．Ambiguous.　　　　　　 B．Defensive.‎ C．Cautious. D．Positive.‎ D　解析：观点态度题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是“The need I have...make a difference.”可知，Mickelson想要看到孩子们脸上的喜悦，他知道他在做一些有影响的事。由此可推知，他对这个组织持积极的态度。‎ B ‎(2020·大连一模)It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Head Start” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into preschool institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Head Start” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.‎ To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child’s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The fouryear study included 380 ‎ 38‎ families who were about to have their first child and represented different socioeconomic statuses, ages and family structures. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.‎ At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socioeconomic backgrounds or family structures. The one factor that was found to affect the child’s development was the poor quality of parentchild interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.‎ The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Head Start” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要通过对比两项侧重点不同的教育项目表明，要实现教育公平就应该关注对父母的教育，使其与孩子之间进行高品质互动，并且意识到孩子出生后前三年的重要性。‎ ‎5．What caused the failure of the “Head Start” program?‎ A．The large number of poor families.‎ B．The disapproval from children.‎ C．The late start of the program.‎ D．The long period of time.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late.”可知，Head Start项目的失败是因为其开始得太晚了。‎ ‎6．What do we know about the “Missouri” program?‎ A．It focused on the children’s first school teachers.‎ B．It helped the children return to the same home.‎ C．It made the children improved in many aspects.‎ D．It gave the parents advice on their development.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than 38‎ ‎ their peers.”可推知，Missouri项目让参与的孩子们在许多方面都有改善。‎ ‎7．According to the passage, what is likely to influence children’s performance?‎ A．The number of family members.‎ B．The parentchild communication.‎ C．The intelligence of their parents.‎ D．The teacherstudent relationship.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“The one factor that was found to affect the child’s development was the poor quality of parentchild interaction.”可知，父母和孩子之间的交流质量是影响孩子发展的因素之一。故选B。‎ ‎8．How does the author develop the passage?‎ A．By listing figures.‎ B．By making comparisons.‎ C．By presenting ideas.‎ D．By drawing conclusions.‎ B　解析：篇章结构题。通读全文内容可知，本文是通过对比两个侧重点不同的教育项目， 从而组织文章的，故选B。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·安庆高三模拟)Steve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12yearold. Yet, he went unnoticed—he had been __1__ every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma appeared.‎ In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was __2__for basic skills.‎ ‎“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the__3__， “except for one boy. And it __4__ my heart to tell you this, but...” she __5__， “the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve __6__ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.‎ After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma __7__ punished him, he remained __8__．‎ ‎“Steve, please! I care about you！”‎ ‎__9__， Steve got it！“Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”‎ One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a __10__ on the weekend homework. Steve __11__ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of __12__， Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.‎ Miss Wilma’s face was in a __13__ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then __14__‎ 38‎ ‎， then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!‎ From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand __15__， but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became __16__．‎ After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) __17__ military career. During his naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have __18__ themselves without him.‎ A __19__ took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who __20__．‎ ‎【解题导语】　Steve曾经每次考试都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成绩的时候，却说他是班里最聪明的学生，并且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，从此刻苦学习，改变了自己的命运。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更多的人。‎ ‎1．A.missing B．failing C．passing D．skipping B　解析：根据下文可知，Steve学习成绩很差。故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不及格，故选B。下文中的“failing”也是提示。‎ ‎2．A.tested B．classified C．separated D．dismissed A　解析：根据语境及下文内容可知，此处是说第一学期期中七年级全部学生进行基本技能测试。test“测试”符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.questions B．effects C．lessons D．results D　解析：根据上文可知，七年级全部学生进行了基本技能测试，故此处应是指查看测试成绩(results)。‎ ‎4．A.fills B．presses C．breaks D．destroys C　解析：根据语境可知，此处表示告诉Steve他考试没及格使Miss Wilma心碎。break “使心碎”。‎ ‎5．A.shouted B．hesitated C．interrupted D．laughed B　解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma的语意有所转折，故此处表示她犹豫(hesitated)了一下继续说道。‎ ‎6．A.dropped B．raised 38‎ C．covered D．closed A　解析：根据语境可知，Steve此次测试未及格，所以当Miss Wilma提到Steve的时候，Steve双目低垂，认真检查自己的指尖。drop one’s eyes“垂下眼睛”。‎ ‎7．A.strangely B．steadily C．severely D．secretly C　解析：根据上文“After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework.”并结合语境可推知，虽然Miss Wilma严厉地(severely)惩罚了Steve，但他仍然很固执(stubborn)。‎ ‎8．A.helpless B．stubborn C．flexible D．crazy B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎9．A.Commonly B．Unwillingly C．Particularly D．Suddenly D　解析：根据语境可知，Steve突然顿悟，有人关心着自己。suddenly“突然”符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.quiz B．chance C．speech D．presentation A　解析：根据下文“Steve ______ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.”可知，该处表示Miss Wilma组织了一场小测试(quiz)。‎ ‎11．A.slept B．looked C．lived D．hurried D　解析：根据该句中的“was the first to hand in his paper”可推知，Steve很快就完成了测试。hurry“急忙(做某事)”符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.disappointment B．surprise C．satisfaction D．inspiration B　解析：根据下文“Miss Wilma’s face was in a ______ shock！”可知，Miss Wilma对Steve的表现非常惊讶(surprise)。disappointment“失望”；satisfaction“满意”；inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。‎ ‎13．A.bitter B．total C．precious D．ridiculous B　解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊。a total shock“深感震惊”为固定搭配。‎ ‎14．A.down B．away C．out D．back 38‎ A　解析：根据该句“She glanced up at Steve, then ______， then up”可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊，上下打量Steve。down“向下”符合语境。‎ ‎15．A.homework B．grades C．knowledge D．subjects C　解析：根据语境以及空后的“but he could translate what he learned into his life”可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识(knowledge)应用到生活中。‎ ‎16．A.outstanding B．lazy C．rough D．troublesome A　解析：根据上文内容可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识应用到生活中。由此可推知，他变得很优秀(outstanding)。‎ ‎17．A.tiring B．ordinary C．hardworking D．successful D　解析：根据上文并结合语境可推知，毕业后，Steve参加了海军，而且在军队中很成功。tiring“令人困倦的”；ordinary“普通的”；hardworking“努力的”。‎ ‎18．A.relied on B．looked after C．turned to D．believed in D　解析：根据语境可知，Steve在海军服役期间鼓舞了许多年轻人，如果没有他，这些年轻人可能不会相信(believed in)自己。‎ ‎19．A.competition B．choice C．change D．campaign C　解析：根据上文可知，Steve在Miss Wilma的关心(cared)下，发生了改变(change)。‎ ‎20．A.waited B．listened C．wished D．cared D　解析：参见上题解析。与上文中的“I care about you！”呼应。‎ 课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇读后续写 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·石家庄重点高中摸底)Many Canadians are aware that problems with the nation’s health care system have resulted in a lack of hospital beds and medical equipment, overcrowded emergency rooms, long waiting lists, and not enough family doctors.‎ Over the last 10 years, the number of medical students choosing the family ‎ 38‎ practice as their lifelong career has been dropping at a surprising rate. When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite(援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice. As in other kinds of work, young doctors today want a balance between their professional and personal lives.‎ In British Columbia(BC) this problem is made worse because the province produces fewer medical graduates for each person than any other province in Canada. The provincial government has committed itself to doubling the number of medical student graduates. This strategy doesn’t come close to giving us the new doctors needed each year in BC to replace those who are retiring, moving out of the province, reducing their hours of practice, or dying.‎ The primary care system is showing its cracks. Ten years ago, 2，030 of BC’s family doctors were providing obstetrical(产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service. Although delivering babies is a “good news” area of medicine, the hours are long, but the reward for bringing new life into the world is modest. It’s no surprise, then, that many of BC’s family doctors are no longer taking on new patients. In 1999, there were 1，420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of 58%.‎ The foundation of primary care needs to be strengthened. The Working Agreement between the doctors and the government includes a series of primary care renewal projects designed to make the family practice more attractive to medical graduates, improve upon working conditions, and entice family doctors from outside BC to start their business here. Yet still more needs to be done.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题。‎ ‎1．What makes medical students unwilling to be family physicians?‎ A．The student debt and long working hours.‎ B．Long term of study at a medical school.‎ C．A limited number of places in the medical school.‎ D．An increasing number of patients and long waiting lists for specialists.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite (援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice.”可知，学生债务负担和工作时间长成为阻碍医科学生选择成为家庭医生的两大障碍，故选A。‎ ‎2．What does the text say about family doctors in BC?‎ 38‎ A．They are no longer needed.‎ B．They are too few in number.‎ C．They will soon become abundant.‎ D．They are rapidly leaving the province.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“Ten years ago, 2，030 of BC’s family doctors were providing obstetrical(产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service.”，并结合本段最后一句“In 1999, there were 1，420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of 58%.”可知，在BC，家庭医生的数量在急剧下降，缺口很大，故选B。‎ ‎3．Which can replace the underlined word “entice” in the last paragraph?‎ A．Forbid.　　　　　　　　 B．Hire.‎ C．Remind. D．Attract.‎ D　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的关键词“attractive”和“improve”可推知，画线词在此处的含义与D项“吸引”相近，故选D。‎ ‎4．What is the primary purpose of the text?‎ A．To show sympathy for family doctors.‎ B．To inspire young people to be family doctors.‎ C．To stress the urgent need of more family doctors.‎ D．To tell the disadvantages of being family doctors.‎ C　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段的点题，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题，故选C。‎ B ‎(2020·长春高三质量监测)Many people find that music lifts their spirits. Now a new study shows that music therapy can be a useful treatment for depression.‎ The finding that music therapy offers a real medical benefit to depression sufferers comes from a review by Cochrane, a nonprofit group that reviews health care issues. Some studies looked at the effects of providing music therapy to patients who were receiving drug treatment for depression. Others compared music therapy to traditional talk therapy. In four out of five of the trials, music therapy worked better at easing depression symptoms than therapies that did not employ music, the researchers found.‎ ‎“While the evidence came from a few small studies, it suggests that this is an area that is well worth further investigation，” said lead author Anna Maratos. Ms. Maratos notes that music therapy might be particularly useful for adolescents 38‎ ‎ who may reject a traditional form of counseling. Some older patients also may not be comfortable talking about their feelings but do tend to express themselves through songs.‎ There are two main types of music therapy. Sometimes, a therapist will listen to music with a patient and talk about the feelings or memories that it arouses. In another form, the therapist is a skilled musician and will improvise(即兴创作) music with the patient. If the patient doesn’t play an instrument, he or she might be given a simple percussion instrument(打击乐器) and the therapist will play along.‎ Other studies have shown a benefit from music therapy in the treatment for dementia, learning disabilities, strokes and pain management during labor(分娩). The problem is that there isn’t very much highquality research.“It doesn’t easily attract serious research funding. It’s difficult to do highquality, largescale trials，” said Ms. Maratos.‎ ‎【解题导语】　一项新的研究表明，音乐有助于治疗抑郁症。它比药物治疗和谈心疗法在减轻抑郁症症状上更有效果，对痴呆、学习障碍、中风等治疗也有益处。但由于缺乏大量研究资金支持，研究人员在音乐疗法的疗效方面无法进行高质量、大规模的研究。‎ ‎5．Which of the following treatments is NOT mentioned in the research?‎ A．Drug treatment.　　　　 B．Talk therapy.‎ C．Music therapy. D．Play therapy.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“who were receiving drug treatment for depression...traditional talk therapy...music therapy worked better”可知，研究中未提到游戏疗法，故选D项。‎ ‎6．What’s the attitude of Anna Maratos to music therapy?‎ A．Positive. B．Negative.‎ C．Indifferent. D．Neutral.‎ A　解析：观点态度题。根据第三段的内容可知，Anna Maratos认为音乐疗法值得深入研究，它对于青少年和一些年龄较大的病人来说可能更有用。故选A项。‎ ‎7．According to the passage, music therapy might not be beneficial to a patient of ________．‎ A．depression B．learning disabilities C．heart attacks D．strokes C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，其他研究表明，音乐疗法在治疗痴呆症、学习障碍、中风和分娩期间的疼痛管理方面也有益处，并结合上文提到的用音乐疗法治疗抑郁症可知，选项A、B、D与文意相符。文章没有提到其对治疗心脏病的益处，‎ 38‎ 故选C项。‎ ‎8．We can learn from the passage that ________．‎ A．a middleaged patient won’t benefit from music therapy B．patients using music therapy must be able to play an instrument C．only patients suffering from depression benefit from music therapy D．highquality research on the effects of music therapy is limited by funding D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It doesn’t easily attract serious research funding. It’s difficult to do highquality, largescale trials”可知，这项研究不易吸引大量的研究资金，因此进行高质量、大规模的试验是困难的，即高质量的对音乐疗法疗效的研究受资金限制，故选D项。‎ Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Wrinkles of confusion spread across Holly’s forehead as she unwrapped the gift from her best friend, Susan. “I...I thought you could use it for something.” Susan’s explanation did nothing to help us understand why a twelvebyeighteeninch dark blue carpet remnant(零头布料) was being presented as a birthday gift.‎ My heart went out to my daughter. Starting out at a new school had been a difficult adjustment. Until she met Susan, Holly had experienced little success in making new friends.‎ The whispered “thanks” was barely audible(听得见的) as Holly tried not to allow her disappointment to show. She laid the carpet on the kitchen counter, and they headed outside to play. The extent of Holly’s disappointment didn’t become evident until the following evening when she came downstairs to say good night. “Well, I guess we know how much my best friend thinks of me, huh, Mom？” she said with tears. “I’m so sorry, honey” was all I could manage to say.‎ The next morning, I carried the kitchen rubbish outside. My heart sank as I lifted the lid of the trash can and saw Susan’s carpet lying there. Hesitating only for a moment, I took it out and brought it into the house.‎ ‎“Susan invited me to come over to her house tomorrow，” Holly announced as she arrived home from school a week later. Although her voice carried a sowhat attitude, I sensed she was pleased about the invitation. In spite of the number of times Susan had visited with us, our invitations were never returned and it would be the first time for Holly to go.‎ 38‎ The next day I drove Holly to the destination. A tall woman stood in the doorway to greet us. The house was shabby but neatly decorated with used furniture. From the chat with the woman we knew Susan had long been separated from her parents and she was Susan’s stepmother. A warm light shone in her eyes as she revealed to me her fondness for Susan. I came to respect this generoushearted woman who had opened her home to a young girl and attempted to make a difference in her life.‎ Paragraph 1：‎ As daylight began to fade, I picked Holly up from Susan’s home._________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ I placed the carpet on the table in front of her.___________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ As daylight began to fade, I picked Holly up from Susan’s home.Holly sat silently in the car on the way home. After coming back home, Holly sat on the sofa motionlessly, crossing her fingers in her lap, with sorrow and regret written all over her tearstained face. Half confused, half concerned, I softly asked her what happened. Hesitating for a moment, she murmured, “I threw away the carpet.” Meanwhile, large bright drops of tears rolled heavily down her cheeks. I stroked her shoulders and took out the carpet from the kitchen.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ I placed the carpet on the table in front of her. In a split second, she curved her lips into a broad smile through tears. She jumped up, screaming in an excited 38‎ ‎ voice, and wrapped her arms around me like a vice. Then she gave the carpet a light brush. Watching it hang in the yard, Holly smiled with satisfaction. She called Susan, apologized for her behaviour and expressed her sincere gratitude. She said the carpet was the most precious birthday gift she had ever received in the whole world.‎ 写作新题型(一)‎ ‎ (建议用时：25分钟)‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ A．J. shut the door of the truck. “Ready，” he said. His dad started the truck. It was six o’clock and freezing, but the strong morning sun promised warmer temperatures. It had been colder than normal over the past week, and the ground and ponds were already frozen.‎ ‎“After we check on the cows，” Dad said, “you should have some time to practice roping.” A．J. wanted to enter the rodeos(竞技表演) in which cowboys rode wild horses, and caught cattle with ropes.‎ The best professionals could break from the gate on horseback, rope a calf(小牛), and hogtie the calf in less than ten seconds. So far, A．J. needed nearly a minute and a half, but he’d only been at it a few months.‎ The truck bounced down the dirt road. In a few minutes, they turned through the field gate. A．J. pulled a pair of telescopes(望远镜). The black spots of cows on the far hill took shape. The cows gathered around the pond. A．J. guessed they wanted the water locked under the ice. The windmillpowered water pumps sometimes froze, leaving the cows with nothing to drink.‎ As they reached the top of the hill, they heard extremely frightened shouts from one cow and an answering bellow from another. Dad stopped the truck, and he and A．J. stared at the frozen pond anxiously.‎ A calf lay on the ice in the middle of the pond. A cow, no doubt the calf’s mother, stood onshore, shouting desperately. The calf struggled to get up but slipped and fell each time.‎ Suddenly, the morning sun seemed warmer. Too warmer. A．J. knew that the situation was urgent. If the calf lay there too long, she could fall through the ice and drown.‎ Dad eased the pickup down the hill and stopped at the edge of the pond. “No telling how long she’s been there，” he said.“The ice could be about to melt through. I don’t think we can risk it.”‎ 38‎ ‎“But, Dad...” Dad shook his head. “It’s just not safe.”‎ Paragraph 1：‎ A．J. watched the calf, whose eyes were wide with fright.__________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ It would be just like rodeo practice, A．J. thought, trying to stay calm._______________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ A．J. watched the calf, whose eyes were wide with fright. “Let me go，” A．J. begged. “I’m light. The ice will hold me. It’s her only chance.” “I’m sorry, son.” Dad still refused. A．J. begged again, “You could tie a rope to me. I’ll go out on my stomach to spread out my weight. If the ice cracks, you can pull me back. Just let me get within roping distance.” Dad frowned but finally said, “All right. Be careful.”‎ Paragraph 2：‎ It would be just like rodeo practice, A．J. thought, trying to stay calm. He walked out a few feet onto the ice, then dropped to his stomach and crawled. The ice was thinner out where the calf was. A．J. swallowed his own fear. With frozen fingers, he wound his rope into a circle. He took a deep breath, and then threw the rope. Success! The loop settled around the calf’s neck. He started pulling in the rope. In a couple of minutes, the calf was back on solid ground, where her mother was waiting.‎ 写作新题型(二)‎ ‎(建议用时：25分钟)‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，‎ 38‎ 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ My sister Priscilla and I just came back from a weeklong vacation in Portugal with lots of photos. I’ll remember so many wonderful things about my trip to the cities of Lisbon and Porto, but one experience in particular sticks out, something that happened on our last night in Lisbon.‎ Before the trip, I put together a very detailed route of places to see. One of the mustvisit places on my list was Livraria do Simo, the smallest bookstore in Lisbon. On our very first day in Lisbon, Priscilla and I searched for it. We found the oldest bookstore in the world. But the smallest one was impossible to find! Back at the hotel where we had WiFi, I looked the bookstore up again, hoping we’d have time to find it on another day. But our schedule was delayed, and we probably wouldn’t have time to look for it.‎ On our last full day in Lisbon, Priscilla and I took a day trip to Cascais, a coastal town outside the city. We decided, at the last minute, to visit a historic flea market(跳蚤市场). We walked for about an hour, up many steep hills. When we finally reached the market, completely out of breath, all the sellers were closing up. Not to mention that we were both tired and hungry. Priscilla and I argued over the directions. I insisted we turn right, which ended up being another bad decision. We climbed up more steep hills, farther and farther away from any area we recognized. We made another right turn onto a random street and Priscilla stopped to check the map. Meanwhile, I looked up at the street sign, Rua da Madalena. I’d heard that name before. We continued a little farther up the street, and I spotted a few people hanging out in a lane. There was something particularly familiar about the scene. I looked closer. There was a small store practically hidden in the lane. It had books in its windows.‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Oh my goodness! The bookstore！____________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 38‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Soon, it was time for us to say goodbye.________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Oh my goodness! The bookstore! The very one Priscilla and I had so badly wanted to find on our very first day. We took lots of photos of it in amazement. Our delight must have been noticeable because one of the guys standing outside the store started telling me that it’s the smallest bookstore in this city! Not until he led us inside the bookstore did we know that he was the owner of the bookstore. Inside this small store, we became so addicted to the books that we completely forgot we were tired and hungry.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Soon, it was time for us to say goodbye. After waving the owner goodbye, Priscilla and I tore ourselves away from the bookstore. On our way back, I couldn’t stop smiling. We had just visited the smallest bookstore in Lisbon, met the owner and taken a tour inside! I couldn’t get over all the little things that had come together to lead us there. If we hadn’t decided to visit the flea market at the last minute, if I hadn’t insisted we turn right...That moment in Lisbon was a beautiful coincidence to us.‎ 写作新题型(三)‎ ‎ (建议用时：25分钟)‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Michael sat on the wooden bench outside the house holding a fourleaf clover(四叶草). Michael had believed that fourleaf clovers brought good luck, but he started doubting that kind of power.‎ Michael was eleven. It had been two months since his mom and dad died in an accident. A widow by the name of Jill adopted him. Michael had a dislike for Jill. Her voice was loud. She also made him do her chores(家庭杂务). Michael felt not as 38‎ ‎ much as a son to her. He dreamed a lot. He spoke little. He cried secretly. He had even been working on a plan for two weeks to flee the house.‎ That was, until he heard Jill parking her Honda into the garage.‎ Michael stuffed the fourleaf clover in his left pocket. Before he realized it, Jill was standing in front of him, with a small beagle(毕格尔犬) in her hand. She put the beagle down. It ran to Michael and sat on his Nike tennis shoes. Michael knelt down to pet it. After a while, he looked up：“Is the dog for me？”‎ Jill laughed：“Of course! You are the slowest little boy ever! I’ve got you a little puppy to make you work faster.”‎ Michael couldn’t see how a beagle would help with his chores, but he thought it would be nice to have a friend. “Give him a name，” Jill said.‎ Michael thought for a moment. He saw a big, black spot on his back. That’s it! Spot! “I’ll name his Spot！” Michael announced.‎ ‎“Spot, Spot, stupid name but it’ll do. Now, you’d better clean the bathroom and finish your homework before dinner’s ready.” ‎ ‎“Yes, ma’am.”‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Michael ran to the bathroom, with Spot by his side.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Two weeks passed, and everyone could see something changed in Michael.___________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Michael ran to the bathroom, with Spot by his side. This time he didn’t feel lonely when cleaning, for the little dog was just there accompanying him. It was 38‎ ‎ just a beginning. Now having a friend to play with, Michael didn’t even have time to think about his escape plan. Instead, feeding and training Spot became his source of fun. And surprisingly, even Jill’s loud voice didn’t seem that annoying to him.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Two weeks passed, and everyone could see something changed in Michael. He was happy again. In the school he performed better and made more friends. After a day filled with pleasure, Michael came back to his room with Spot. “Were it not for Spot, I wouldn’t lead such a happy life.” He thought to himself. And then inside his left pocket, he found the fourleaf clover, which was considered as an indicator of good luck. He believed in it again.‎ 写作新题型(四)‎ ‎ (建议用时：25分钟)‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Sometimes, good intentions alone are not enough when your attempt to be kind to someone leaves you feeling worse than before.‎ In a certain store where they sell puddings(布丁), a number of these delicious things are laid out in a row. Here you may select the one which is most to your taste, and you are even allowed to taste them before coming to a decision.‎ I have often wondered whether some people having no intention of making a purchase would take advantage of this privilege. One day I asked a salesgirl the question, and I learned it was indeed the case.‎ ‎“Now there’s one old man，” she told me. “He comes here almost every week and tastes each one of the puddings, though he never buys anything. I remember him from last year. Well, let him come if he wants it, and he is welcome to it. And what’s more, I hope there are a lot more stores where he can go and get his share. He looks as if he needs it all right, and I suppose they can afford it.”‎ She was still speaking when an elderly man walked up to the counter and began looking closely at the row of puddings with great interest.‎ ‎“Why, that’s the very man I’ve been telling you about，” whispered the salesgirl, and then turned to him: “Would you like to taste them, sir? Here’a spoon for you to use.”‎ The elderly gentleman, who was poor but neatly dressed, accepted the spoon and began to taste one after another of the puddings. “This is quite good. This is not 38‎ ‎ bad either, but a little too heavy.”‎ Among the crowd of happy, richlooking shoppers, the little black figure of the old man seemed pitiful and out of place, and in a burst of kindness, I went up to him and said，“Pardon me, sir, will you do me a favor? Let me purchase you one of these puddings. It would give me such pleasure.”‎ Paragraph 1：‎ The old man jumped back as if he had been bitten, and the blood rushed to his face.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ The salesgirl took down the pudding from its stand and started to parcel it up.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ The old man jumped back as if he had been bitten, and the blood rushed to his face. “Excuse me，” he said, with more dignity than I would have thought considering his appearance, “I do not believe I have the pleasure of knowing you. Undoubtedly you have mistaken me for someone else.” And with a quick decision he turned to the salesgirl and said in a loud voice, “Kindly pack up this one here for me. I will take it with me.” He pointed at one of the largest and most expensive puddings.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ 38‎ The salesgirl took down the pudding from its stand and started to parcel it up. Meanwhile, the elderly gentleman pulled out a worn little pocketbook and began counting out shillings and pennies on the counter. To save his “honor” he was forced into a purchase which he could not possibly afford. How I longed for the power to take back my insensitive words! It was too late though, and I felt that the kindest thing I could do now would be walk away. And that was the last time I saw or heard of him. Now he can never go there to taste puddings any more.‎ 写作新题型(五)‎ ‎ (建议用时：25分钟)‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ At noon that day, I drove back to my house after the performance. Just as I entered the living room, I heard a gentle sound coming from the bedroom upstairs—it was the sound of my favorite violin.‎ ‎“Thief！”‎ I dashed upstairs. Sure enough, as expected, a boy of about 12 years old was petting my violin. The boy had messy hair and a thin face, his oversized coat seemingly filled with something. At first glance, I found a new pair of shoes missing. It seemed that he was surely a thief.‎ Then, I saw his eyes full of fear and despair. My anger was immediately replaced by a smile. I asked, “Are you Mr.Ram’s nephew, Michael? I’m his housekeeper. Two days ago, I heard his nephew living in the countryside will come. It must be you. You’re really like him！”‎ On hearing my words, the boy was first astonished, but then quickly said, “Has my uncle gone out? I think I’d better first go out for a walk and visit him again in a while.”‎ I nodded and asked the boy who was preparing to put down the violin, “Do you like to play the violin so much？”‎ ‎“Yes, but I’m so poor that I can’t afford it，” the boy replied. ‎ ‎“Then, I give this violin to you.” The boy looked at me questioningly, but he picked up the violin. Going out to the living room, he suddenly saw on the wall my huge color photo I performed in the Sydney Opera House. He involuntarily trembled for a moment and ran out without looking back.‎ I was sure that the boy had understood what happened because no one would decorate 38‎ ‎ the living room with the housekeeper’s photo.‎ Paragraph 1：‎ A few years later, I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box._________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ A few years later, I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students. Fascinated by the gentle sound of one participant, I was wholeheartedly impressed by his wonderful performance and solid strength. As I flicked my eyes up to glance at the performer, I was so astonished to see a thin face, so familiar, yet now lit up with joy and confidence. The “thief”！ For an instant, I was amazed that the kindness I offered to cover the boy’s misconduct would made such a big difference!‎ Paragraph 2：‎ After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box. He asked with a tremble in his voice, with his thin face reddening with excitement, “Sir, do you recognize me? The nephew! It’s your kindness that enlightens my life, so does your violin. Today, I can give back this violin to you without regret...” Tears welled up in my eyes. Never had I anticipated that a tiny white lie would inject such great power into others and change their life.‎ 写作新题型(六)‎ ‎(建议用时：25分钟)‎ 38‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Growing up on a small farm, I lived a life that I took for granted. My father worked in the city as a plumber(水暖工). He was not highly educated, but he was smart, looking at problems in an engineer’s way. He was a man made of leather, brass and chewing tobacco who tried to teach my brother and me useful things, including respect. He also had a temper and was strict with us for he would scold us when we made some careless mistakes. Sometimes, my father seemed like a distant enemy to me and I didn’t like him very much.‎ One day I came home from primary school and his car was already there. Once inside, I was told by my mother that he didn’t feel well. His back hurt. My father never missed work; in fact, when he came home, he went to the barn to work even more. I remember looking at him secretly around the corner as he lay on his bed in the middle of the day.‎ Later, my mother told me he got multiple myeloma(多发性骨髓瘤), a type of cancer. As the cancer grows, the person will shrink because the disease destroys the body’s energy and the abnormal antibodies cause problems for other cells and tissue. Bones eventually look like Swiss cheese, and when they break, they may never heal. But I didn’t realize that my father’s time was rather limited and just treated him the same way I used to.‎ For the last year of my father’s life, his entire day consisted of rising from his hospital bed in the living room and walking to his chair to sit and think. He was predictably in that chair when I came home one day during the ninth grade. I do not remember where my mother and brother were, but the two of us were alone.‎ Paragraph 1：‎ He asked me to sit down and what he told me still moves me these decades later.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ At that moment, I realized that he was doing more than telling.‎ 38‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ He asked me to sit down and what he told me still moves me these decades later. Lying on the hospital bed, he told me about his life on the farm, his family, his loves, and his heartbreaks. Although he was tortured by the cancer, his inner self rushed out to me in a great flood as if a pipe had burst all of a sudden. He had been speaking for maybe an hour or more and mentioned that he actually felt regretful about being so strict with us.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ At that moment, I realized that he was doing more than telling. He was asking to be forgiven. All it took was to understand that was what he needed, and I forgave everything, immediately. The thought of my father being an enemy disappeared, with tears rolling down on my face. I held my father’s hands tightly, enjoying this deep but quiet love. Although he has gone for a long time, I still always remember that moment and the realization that I love him.‎ 38‎