2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions课后达标检测 人教版选修8

2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions课后达标检测 人教版选修8

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions ‎ (建议用时：50分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·昆明高考模拟)A reusable bottle will save you money in the long run while helping you reach your hydration goals. Let’s check out these reusable water bottles in 2019!‎ Klean Kanteen Reflect Bottle(Stainless steel), $31‎ This shiny, stainless steel bottle is lightweight and easy to grasp, so it’s perfectly portable when you’re onthego, whether hiking up a mountain or doing business around town. The singlewalled stainless steel construction keeps your drink cold for hours, and a stylish cap made of sustainably harvested bamboo tops it off.‎ CamelBak Eddy Water Bottle(Plastic), $20 (Normally $28)‎ If you find more of your drink ends up in your bag—or on your pants—than in your mouth, CamelBak’s spillproof water bottle cap is a musthave. The newly redesigned “biteandsip” cap lets more liquid flow through than previous versions, letting you stay hydrated without having to worry about spills. It’s also dishwashersafe, unlike other water bottles, so it’s simple to keep clean and germfree.‎ YUANFENG Collapsible Water Bottle, $10‎ For adventurers onthego, this spacesaving water container is a musthave. The soft, BPAfree bottle folds up to be only 4.5 inches tall when it’s empty, but stores up to 500 ml liquid when you fill it up! Available in six bright colors, this handy bottle is the perfect travel companion for your next biking, hiking, or camping trip.‎ Cupture White Fruit Infuser Water Bottle, $9‎ Kick up the flavor with this genius infuser bottle that allows you to add in extra flavor to your water. Fill the removable infuser basket with lemons, berries, tea bags, or anything else you’re fond of, and you’ll be able to create your own deliciously flavored water. You can take out the infuser whenever you need a regular water bottle too.‎ ‎【解题导语】　文章介绍了四种既省钱、实用，又各具特色的水杯。‎ ‎1．Which bottle keeps your drink cold for hours?‎ 9‎ A．Klean Kanteen Reflect Bottle.‎ B．CamelBak Eddy Water Bottle.‎ C．YUANFENG Collapsible Water Bottle.‎ D．Cupture White Fruit Infuser Water Bottle.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据Klean Kanteen Reflect Bottle (Stainless steel), $31部分中的“The singlewalled stainless steel construction keeps your drink cold for hours”可知，Klean Kanteen Reflect Bottle可以让饮料数小时保持冰凉的状态，故A项符合题意。‎ ‎2．How much can you save if you buy a plastic bottle?‎ A．$15.　　　　　　　　　 B．$13.‎ C．$10. D．$8.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据CamelBak Eddy Water Bottle(Plastic), $20 (Normally $28)部分可知，CamelBak Eddy Water Bottle正常卖28美元，现在卖20美元，比正常的价格便宜了8美元，故选D。‎ ‎3．What’s the characteristic of YUANFENG Collapsible Water Bottle?‎ A．Being made of stainless steel.‎ B．Saving space by easily folding up.‎ C．Preventing the liquid from spills.‎ D．Allowing users to add in extra flavor.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据YUANFENG Collapsible Water Bottle, $10部分中的“The soft, BPAfree bottle folds up to be only 4.5 inches tall when it’s empty”可知，这种水杯的特点就是在不装水的时候可以折叠起来，这样可以节省空间。故选B。根据文章的内容可知，A项叙述的是Klean Kanteen Reflect Bottle的特点；C项叙述的是CamelBak Eddy Water Bottle的特点；D项叙述的是Cupture White Fruit Infuser Water Bottle的特点。‎ B ‎(2020·湖南六校联考)Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet，it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.‎ It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane ‎ 9‎ with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship lots of Ooho bubbles without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events such as marathons，music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.‎ The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied for a patent for their new advancement. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in London，San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.‎ Ooho is catching many people’s attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1，000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumer’s interest when the production machine is running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。由于塑料瓶的使用不但浪费金钱，还会造成环境污染，Skipping Rocks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho。本文介绍了Ooho的食用方法，运输方法以及制作成本，并展望了其市场前景。‎ ‎4．How is most plastic dealt with in America?‎ A．It’s sold. B．It’s recycled.‎ C．It’s buried. D．It’s wasted.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.”可知，在美国只有23%的塑料最终回到回收站，这意味着价值超过10亿美元的塑料被视为垃圾。据此可知，在美国，大部分塑料被当成垃圾处理了，故D项正确。‎ ‎5．Why did the team invent Ooho?‎ A．To make a profit for a company.‎ B．To protect the environment.‎ C．To make people eat as they drink.‎ D．To reduce the cost of the plastic bottle.‎ 9‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.”可知，由于塑料瓶的使用污染了环境，故Skipping Rocks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho，故B项正确。‎ ‎6．What can we infer about Ooho from the text?‎ A．It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.‎ B．It has become popular since it began to be sold.‎ C．It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.‎ D．It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles.”可知，该产品的制造成本比塑料瓶低。据此可推知，该产品的售价也可能比塑料瓶低，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph?‎ A．Ooho is to be a success in the future.‎ B．Ooho is being supported by smart people.‎ C．Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.‎ D．Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ooho is catching many people’s attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1，000 investors in only three days.”可知，Ooho吸引了很多人的注意，在三天时间内就得到了1 000 位投资者的关注，筹集到100多万美元；再结合文章最后一句“It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.”可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是，在未来Ooho一定能获得成功，故A项正确。‎ ‎【难句分析】　It is targeting large outdoor events such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter.‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter”为where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“outdoor events”，where在从句中作地点状语。‎ 译文：该产品是针对诸如马拉松、音乐节和体育赛事等大型户外活动而发明的，在这些活动中，会使用数吨塑料瓶，并且这些塑料瓶经常被当作垃圾扔下。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·太原高三模拟)When I was a freshman in college, I had some seniors telling ‎ 9‎ me, “You should not really try to get the highest grades. Try to score just about enough that you are right above the __1__ .” They said, “Look at that guy! He is a __2__， but he doesn’t have a job.” The boy happened to __3__ this conversation, but did not say anything and __4__ went to his dormitory.‎ I followed __5__ advice for a year, and got really average grades. Unexpectedly that year, the __6__ in economy occurred and the whole world changed. Almost all the seniors in my college who had offer letters in their hands started getting __7__ letters in their mailbox.‎ It was sadness everywhere and then it was a state of __8__ all over the campus. __9__， the topper was still quiet. He called me to his room. I had no clue why he __10__ me. I thought he had seen me in the library several times. He only wanted to spend ten __11__ with me, but passed me his __12__ life advice.‎ He said, “Check this letter out.” It said—“Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Congratulations! You are __13__ for a PhD program.” “Try to get the kind of grades that you could __14__ yourself on. Don’t take the __15__ advice. Look! They were all telling you to be average. But I know you can do better. Now go, and spend as many hours in the __16__ as you can rather than hanging out with your friends.”‎ He continued, “You never know how the world will change. Everything you own can be __17__ at one time. The only thing won’t betray you: your __18__ work.”‎ I got the highest grades the following semesters. I __19__ it to University of Wisconsin—Madison for a PhD in Chemical Engineering, and then to Intel Corporation. Who knows where the next __20__ could be...‎ ‎【解题导语】　“我”刚上大学时，一些毕业班的学生告诉“我”大学期间不用考高分，“我”听从了他们的建议；后来经济动荡，社会发生了变化，这些学生求职受挫；一位成绩优秀的学长给了“我”忠告，让“我”在大学里实现了更高的目标。‎ ‎1．A.top　　　　　　　　　　　 B．average C．percentage D．grade B　解析：根据第二段中的“got really average grades”和第四段中的“They were all telling you to be average.”可知，一些毕业班的学生告诉作者只要达到平均水平以上就行。‎ ‎2．A.candidate B．graduate C．topper D．loser C　解析：根据第三段中的“the topper was still quiet”中的topper可知，‎ 9‎ 此处表示这个男孩是成绩最优秀的人。‎ ‎3．A.join B．hear C．interrupt D．ignore B　解析：根据“but did not say anything”以及第三段中的“the topper was still quiet”可知，这个男孩碰巧听到(hear) 了那些毕业班学生的谈话，但是他什么也没有说，默默地(silently) 走向宿舍。‎ ‎4．A.angrily B．happily C．awkwardly D．silently D　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎5．A.his B．my C．their D．your C　解析：根据上文中的“I had some seniors telling me”可知，作者听从了他们的建议。‎ ‎6．A.growth B．development C．downturn D．recovery C　解析：根据语境以及空后的“the whole world changed”可知，出乎意料的是那年经济衰退，整个世界发生了变化。downturn“衰退”。‎ ‎7．A.rejection B．confirmation C．invitation D．recommendation A　解析：根据语境可知，因为经济衰退，形势发生了变化，我们学校几乎所有手中有职位邀请函的毕业班学生开始收到回绝信。‎ ‎8．A.fancy B．mind C．conflict D．panic D　解析：根据上文以及空前的“It was sadness everywhere”可知，整个校园弥漫着悲伤气氛，一片恐慌。‎ ‎9．A.Lastly B．Luckily C．Therefore D．However D　解析：根据上文整个校园弥漫着悲伤气氛，一片恐慌并结合空后的“the topper was still quiet”可知，前后形成转折关系。‎ ‎10．A.hated B．favored C．disturbed D．suggested B　解析：根据空后一句“I thought he had seen me in the library several times.”可推知，作者不知道他为什么偏爱作者，作者认为他可能在图书馆看到过自己几次。‎ ‎11．A.periods B．seconds 9‎ C．hours D．minutes D　解析：根据语境以及“but passed me his ______ life advice”可知，那个男孩只是想和作者谈10分钟(minutes)，但却给了作者最好的(best) 人生建议。‎ ‎12．A.hardest B．closest C．best D．newest C　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎13．A.considered B．refused C．accepted D．praised C　解析：根据语境可知，那个男孩让作者看了一封信，信上说，他被麻省理工学院的博士项目录取了。‎ ‎14．A.limit B．pride C．relax D．control B　解析：他建议作者努力学习，获得高分，这样作者会为自己的高分感到骄傲。‎ ‎15．A.wrong B．different C．frank D．easy A　解析：上文提到那些只达到平均水平以上的毕业班学生没有找到工作，所以他们提出的建议是错的。‎ ‎16．A.library B．club C．jobhunting D．mind reading A　解析：根据上文中的“I thought he had seen me in the library several times.”可知，他建议作者多去图书馆看书而不是和朋友在外面闲逛。‎ ‎17．A.taken away B．passed down C．used up D．left behind A　解析：根据语境可知，你不知道世界将怎么变化，你拥有的东西可能在某个时候被拿走。take away“拿走，带走”；pass down“把……传下去”；use up“用尽”；leave behind“把……抛在后面”。‎ ‎18．A.difficult B．hard C．regular D．creative B　解析：根据上文那个男孩的建议可知，唯一不会背叛你的就是你的努力。‎ ‎19．A.failed B．processed C．wrote D．made D　解析：根据空前的“I got the highest grades the following semesters.”可知，作者成功进入威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校。make it“获得成功”。‎ ‎20．A.destination B．purpose 9‎ C．condition D．contract A　解析：根据上文可知，作者进入威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校，之后进入英特尔公司，由此可推知，此处表示谁会知道下一个目的地可能在哪儿。‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2020·南昌重点中学阶段考试)假设你叫李华，你听说即将来你校任职的外籍教师David需要一名学生助手，你想自荐做他的助手。请你用英文写一封自荐信，要点包括：‎ ‎1．写信目的；‎ ‎2．你作为助手的优势；‎ ‎3．表达期待。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear David，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear__David，‎ I’m Li Hua, a student from Xinhua Senior Middle School. ①It’s great to hear that you are coming to teach in our school next semester. You said you want an assistant to help you with your work, and I think I am qualified for the job.‎ ‎②Firstly, being one of the top ten students in our school, I am able to speak fluent English. Secondly, I can use the computer skillfully. What’s more, I have a gift for communicating with others and I am always ready to help people in need. So I’m sure to be helpful in your work and life in China.‎ I’ll appreciate it if I have the chance to be your assistant. Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li__Hua ‎【亮点词句】　亮点词汇：be qualified for sth.(在某方面有资格); have a gift for sth./doing sth.(在某方面有天赋/才能)；be ready to do sth.(乐意做某事/准备好做某事)‎ 亮点句式：It’s great to hear that...; I’ll appreciate it if...(表达期望和感谢)‎ 9‎ ‎【一句多译】　‎ ‎①表达方式一：I am so happy to hear that you are coming to teach in our school next semester.‎ 表达方式二：Hearing that you are coming to teach in our school next semester, I feel so cheerful.‎ ‎②First, I am one of the top ten students in our school and able to speak English fluently.‎ 9‎