2018-2019学年甘肃省兰州第一中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版

2018-2019学年甘肃省兰州第一中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版

兰州一中 2018-2019 学年第一学期高二年级期末考试试卷 英 语 说明：本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分 120 分。考 试时间 100 分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。‎ 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共 60 分）‎ 第一节 阅读理解（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。‎ A Dear child,‎ Take a seat. Daddy has something to share with you. I would like us to have a heart-to-heart— even though, over the years, you have slowly broken mine. Oh shut up; you so have! If you go out and ask any mother or father out there, I’m sure they’ll say the same thing: All children break their parents’ hearts. It’s just what children do. In fact, it’s what Daddy’s own mother continues to remind him still, to this very day, every time they speak on the phone.‎ In your baby years, you vomited(呕吐), pooped and peed all over me. In your teen years, you came home from parties and vomited red wine all over my already-dirty carpets. There was a time you experimented with drugs and all those things I hate. Where does the heartbreak end?‎ Still, I want you to know you are loved, because various parenting magazines insist that’s my responsibility: to make you feel special and valued and so on. And of course Daddy loves you! Don’t you see? And Daddy values you. Very much so. How could he not value you, when you, as a test- tube baby, cost so much to come into this world?‎ Now you’re old enough to hear the truth about parenting. And it’s this: all kids annoy their parents. Like you, I started off adorable. Then I went through my weird-body-shape-and-acne years, lost all my cuteness, developed an attitude and never once did I apologize to my parents for stealing the best years of their lives.‎ When you become a parent yourself, here are some parenting skills you might want to try that have been passed down from countless generations of angry Asians before me. Passive aggression is always welcome. Regular scream “I WISH YOU HAD NEVER BEEN BORN” will help keep your own kid’s self-respect in check. But whatever happens, ensure you earn enough money in your adult life. Then give it to me, so I can go on expensive international tours. If you do this, I promise I’ll stop complaining and leave you alone, because we both know that’s what we really want.‎ Love you lots, Cutie-Pie.‎ Daddy ‎1. The letter is probably written to _.‎ A. a young adult B. a little baby C. a parent D. a grandparent ‎2. According to the letter, the author .‎ A. used to take drugs B. regrets getting married C. broke his parents’ hearts D. was born as a test-tube baby ‎3. Why does the author write the letter?‎ A. To ask his child to earn more money.‎ B. To encourage his child to be independent.‎ C. To communicate to his child love and hope. D. To stop his child from being a troublemaker.‎ B A dragonfly barely an inch and a half long appears to be animal world’s most productive long distance traveler — flying thousands of miles over oceans as it migrates from continent to continent ‎— according to a newly published research.‎ Biologists who led the study say the evidence is in the genes. They found that populations of this dragonfly, called Pantala flavescens, in Texas, eastern Canada, Japan, Korea, India, and South America, have genes so similar that there is only one likely explanation. Apparently — somehow ‎— these insects are traveling distances that are extraordinarily long for their small size, breeding ‎(繁殖) with each other, and creating a common worldwide gene pool.‎ But how do insects from different continents manage to meet and hook up? Ware says it appears to be the way their bodies have evolved. “These dragonflies have adaptations such as increased surface areas on their wings that enable them to use the wind to carry them.”‎ Dragonflies, in fact, have already been observed crossing the Indian Ocean from Asia to Africa. “They are following the weather,” says Daniel Troast, who analyzed the DNA samples in Ware’s lab. “They’re going from India where it’s dry season to Africa where it’s wet season, and apparently they do it once a year.”‎ Wetness is a must for Pantala to reproduce, and that, says Ware, is why these insects would be driven to even attempt such a dangerous trip, which she calls a “kind of suicide.” The species depends on it . While many will die on the route, as long as enough make it, the species survives. For the moment, the details of this extraordinary insect travel are an educated best guess. Much more work is needed to bring many loose ends together. Ware and Troast hope that scientists can work on plotting those routes.‎ ‎4. What proves Pantala flavescens are the world’s longest-distance flyers? ‎ A. Scientists have tracked the dragonfly across the world.‎ B. There are many Pantala flavescens in various continents. C. The same dragonfly was found both in Asia and America.‎ D. Pantala flavescens in different continents have similar genes.‎ ‎5. What helps Pantala flavescens fly over so long distance? A. Their special body shape.‎ B. Their ability to use wind. C. Their small and light body.‎ D. Their large and strong wings.‎ ‎6. What is necessary for Pantala flavescens to reproduce?‎ A. Damp weather. B. Enough sunshine. C. Dry environment. D. Warm nests.‎ ‎7. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?‎ A. The weather B. The insect. C. The wind. D. The trip.‎ C Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.‎ ‎“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”‎ Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face- to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.‎ Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”‎ ‎8. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?‎ A. News reports. B. Research papers.‎ C. Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations．‎ ‎9. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?‎ A. They’re socially inactive. B. They’re good at telling stories.‎ C. They’re inconsiderate of others. D. They’re careful with their words.‎ ‎10. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B. Online News Attracts More People C. Reading Habits Change with the Times D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks 第二节 阅读补全（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。‎ If you live in Tokyo or Toronto, you need a warm coat in the winter. 11 The aim of advertising is to change our ideas about things we want and need.‎ Some ads for designer products use people’s vanity(虚荣心) to sell the product. The ads try to create a personality for each brand. For example, one brand of watches is for people who like adventure, with ads featuring an auto racer or a pilot wearing them. Another brand of watches is for elegant and fashionable people, and the ads show wealthy travelers on a cruise ship. The watches look almost the same—only their images are different. When you buy that brand of watch, you are buying the image. 12 ‎ Many ads use people’s emotions to persuade us that we need the product. Think of a TV commercial that shows a woman out driving in a car on a rainy day, with her two small children. Suddenly, another car turns in front of her. The mother quickly hit the brakes, and her car comes to a stop. The children are still smiling and laughing. The message is: This car will keep you safe.‎ ‎ 13 . Other examples are slogans that tell you to “take vitamins to prevent heart disease,” or “buy insurance—protect your family.”‎ Commercials for soft drinks often show people having a party, playing sports, or enjoying a day at the beach: Everyone in the ad is having a good time. The message is: If you buy this drink, you will have a good time too. Many ads like this are based on people’s desire for fun and enjoyment.‎ ‎ 14 Psychologists have found that people have positive feelings about things they see more often, so the same ad is used for a long time before it is replaced with a new ad. Other studies found that people react better to an ad when it is fresh in their memory, so TV ads are repeated very often. Knowing about psychology in advertising lets us make better decisions about the things ‎ we buy. 15‎ A. Advertisements like this one use fear to sell products.‎ B. But you want one that is short, or black, or has a designer brand C. You have to be careful not to be fooled by the ads on the Internet.‎ D. But the children may not realize that what they are viewing is unreal. E. This is the reason that people spend much more money for a product.‎ F. After an ad is prepared, advertisers use psychology to make it more effective.‎ G. It helps us know the difference between what we want and what we really need 第三节：完形填空（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）‎ I received a letter from a woman who lives in New York. She 16 that her 22-year-old electrician son went to Manhattan a few days after the September 11. 2001 terrorist attack. He wanted to 17 his services, but discovered that his 18 were not needed.‎ Joe may have 19 in a way he never expected. On the train home, he sat across from a tired firefighter 20 with what appeared to be 21 and debris(碎片). Though he could see bits of rock in the man’s 22 and noticed that his hands were bloody, what 23 the young man most was the look in the firefighter’s eyes. They appeared lifeless and 24 .‎ Then the man began to talk and Joe listened. He talked about finding a shoe with a 25 inside, Joe listened. He talked about 26 debris from a face, then discovering this person’s body was gone. Joe listened. And as he listened, he didn’t 27 with disgust. He didn’t judge. He didn’t interrupt. He 28 listened. He listened as the firefighter talked about shoes… there were so many shoes, he said. Everywhere…shoes.‎ Through it all Joe 29 held the man’s attention and listened, which is exactly what the rescue worker 30 at that moment. And because he listened, the man 31 to speak. He talked his 32 out as much as possible. And Joe helped him carry his unbelievably heavy burden. That day Joe didn’t give blood, nor did he use his 33 skills to help. But he did one of the most 34 things a human can do for another. He gave a disheartened man his whole 35 , and thereby immeasurably assisted in the of setting the world right.‎ ‎16.A. believed B. imagined C. announced D. mentioned ‎17.A. appoint B. treasure C. volunteer D. check ‎18.A. skills B. messages C. presents D. programs ‎19.A. suffered B. helped C. struggled D. competed ‎20.A. hidden B. covered C. lost D. broken ‎21.A. dirt B. snow C. leaves D boards ‎22.A. home B. hair C. eyes D. pockets ‎23.A. inspired B. improved C. frightened D. shocked ‎24.A. dark B. sharp C. dull D. greedy ‎25.A. card B. gun C. stone D. foot ‎26.A. knocking B. delivering C. cleaning D. carrying ‎27.A. react B. blame C. complete D. sit ‎28.A. often B. merely C. also D. even ‎29.A. quietly B. sadly C. madly D. secretly ‎30.A. changed B. found C. needed D. understood ‎31.A. dared B. stopped C. failed D. continued ‎32.A. danger B. harm C. pain[]‎ D. death ‎33.A. chemical B. rare C. specific D. professional ‎34.A. popular B. important C. serious D. difficult ‎35.A. attention B. opinion C. voice D. excuse 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共 60 分）‎ 第一节：单词拼写（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）‎ ‎36.I'm interested in （当代的）Chinese literature.‎ ‎37.Check your (财产）before you get off the bus.‎ ‎38.These exercises are to develop the （灵活性） of dancers’ bodies.‎ ‎39.He requested help from the (图书管理员）to locate the book he wanted.‎ ‎40.She has a _(偏见）against modern music.‎ ‎41.At one time, she is fine, but at another, she is (不正常的）‎ ‎42.I （使神清气爽）myself with a glass of juice after running.‎ ‎43.In nature, there are lots of （现象）which can’t be explained now.‎ ‎44.They （惊慌）at the bad news.‎ ‎45.My sister was （任命）Chairman of the Students’ Union of our school last month.‎ ‎46. He missed the last bus. C （因此）, he had to walk home.‎ ‎47. Your luggage will be （运送） to the hotel by taxi.‎ ‎48. The boy became （上瘾）to computer games and didn’t want to study.‎ ‎49. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ︒C above （平 均）.‎ ‎50. The car is less than a year old, so it is still under （保修期）.‎ 第二节：语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) 51 (official) opened to traffic and started serving travelers around-the-clock on Wednesday, one day after President Xi Jinping announced its opening at a ceremony 52 (hold) in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province. Not ‎ only do Chinese people take 53 (proud) in the bridge, but also British newspaper The Guardian names it one of its “seven wonders of the modern world near completion.”‎ HZMB is 54 55-kilometer long bridge-island-tunnel complex across the Pearl River Delta. It is the world’s longest sea crossing. The bridge 55 (consist) of 23 kilometers of bridges and a ‎6.7-km-long undersea tunnel, connected to the bridge 56 two offshore artificial islands.‎ Once operational, HZMB will cut travel time between Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) 57 Zhuhai City from three hours to just 30 minutes, 58 (make) the cities in the Pearl River Delta into a whole.‎ The 59 (important) benefit is that the bridge will provide the east and west of the Pearl River Delta with connections, 60 can enormously promote the development of industries that rely on fast transportations, such as logistics, food and convention and exhibition.‎ ‎51. ‎ ‎52._ ‎ ‎53. ‎ ‎54. ‎ ‎55._ ‎ ‎56. ‎ ‎57._ ‎ ‎58. ‎ ‎59. ‎ ‎60._ ‎ 第三节：短文改错(共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不 计分。‎ One of the biggest cultural difference I noticed while in London was why the people of London conducted themselves. It seemed that they took many pride in their country. I also notice that they always seemed to dress well, and always had their hair and makeup do. I don’t think I saw one person in sweat pants during their whole trip! At times I found it harder to make the change being in the US to London. I’ve found out that Americans are loud! Even at the pubs and clubs in London, I felt like that we were a loudest ones!‎ 第四节 书面表达（25 分）‎ 假设你是李华,你的朋友大卫 David 计划来北京学习中国京剧 Beijing Opera,希望你能推 荐相关课程,请你回信给他,告诉他所推荐课程的内容(京剧历史及参观梅兰芳剧院)和推荐原 ‎ 因。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数：100 左右；‎ ‎2.可合理增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear David,‎ Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 阅读理解：1-3 ACC 4-7 DBAD 8-10 AAD 七选五： 11-15 BEAFG 完形填空：16-20 DCABB 21-25 ABDCD ‎26-30 CABAC 31-35 DCDBA 单词拼写：36 contemporary ‎37 possessions ‎38 flexibility ‎39 librarian ‎40 prejudice ‎41 abnormal[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]‎ ‎46 Consequently 语法填空：51. officially ‎42 refresh ‎47 conveyed ‎52. held ‎43 phenomena ‎48 addicted ‎53. pride ‎44 panicked ‎49 average ‎54. a ‎45 appointed ‎50 guarantee ‎55. consists ‎56. through ‎57. and[]‎ ‎58.making ‎59. most important ‎60.which 短文改错（满分 10 分）‎ One of the biggest cultural difference I noticed while in London was wh y the people of London conducted differences how themselves. It seemed that they took man y pride in their country. I also notice that they always seemed to dress well, much noticed and always had their hair and makeup do . I don’t think I saw one person in sweat pants during their whole trip! At done my times I found it harder to make the change ∧ being in the US to London. I’ve found out that Americans are loud!‎ hard from Even at the pubs and clubs in London, I felt l ike that we were a loudest ones!‎ 删除 like the[]‎ ‎[]‎ 书面表达（满分 25 分） One possible version: Dear David,‎ I'm delighted to know that you plan to take a course about Chinese traditional culture. I happen to know a course "Introduction to Beijing Opera" offered by a college in Beijing. I think this course suits you perfectly since I know you love drama. This is a two-week course. There will be lectures on the history and development. Some special talks will be given by guest speakers who are actors and actresses of Beijing Opera. And what's more, a field trip to Mei Lanfang Theater will be arranged ‎ to treat students with a live performance and a chance of face-to-face communication with the performers. Does it sound exciting to you?‎ Hope the above information’s helpful.‎ Yours Li Hua