2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：必修1-Module 3 My First Ride on a Train

2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：必修1-Module 3 My First Ride on a Train

‎[话题素材]‎ 好词 ‎1．fare n. 费用　　　　　　　　　　　2.arrange v. 安排 ‎3．journey n. 旅程 4.book v. 预订 ‎5．schedule n. 日程表 6.pack up 打包 ‎7．set off 出发 8.places of interest 名胜古迹 ‎9．be located in 位于 10.make preparations for 为……做准备 ‎11．have fun 玩得高兴 12.broaden one's mind 拓宽视野 ‎13．be crowded with挤满了…… 14.check out 结帐离开 ‎15．be impressed with 对……印象深刻 佳句 ‎1．Thanks_to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.‎ 由于天气好的缘故，旅行很舒服。‎ ‎2．On our arrival, we were warmly welcomed by the local people.‎ 我们一到达，就受到了当地人的热烈欢迎。‎ ‎3．Our hometown has taken_on a new look in the past few years.‎ 我们的家乡在过去的几年里呈现出了新的面貌。‎ ‎4．We lived in a comfortable double room with a big bath. What_I_liked_best was the free high－speed internet at connection in the room.‎ 我们住在一个舒服的带一个大浴缸的双人间。我最喜欢的是房间里的免费的高速网络。‎ ‎5．We set off early in the morning and it took us more than two hours to_get there.‎ 我们一大早就出发了，花了两个小时才到达那里。‎ ‎ [精美语篇]‎ Almost every city has a big traffic problem.‎ To start with, a vast population leads to heavy traffic. The second reason is the increasing number of vehicles, especially private cars. The last but not least reason is that some people are not aware of the importance of obeying traffic regulations.‎ To deal with this, some people suggest that more roads should be built in order to speed up the flow of the traffic, and others think that more public bus routes are required in order to limit the number of private cars. But building more roads takes up too much land, and limiting the number of private cars is inconvenient for some people. So, I think the best way is to walk if you can. And as for pedestrians, we should also have a sense of safety. Don't cross the road when red light is on. ‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．downtown (adj.) 商业区的；市中心的 ‎2．expert (n.) 专家 ‎3．journey (n.) 旅程 ‎4．event (n.) 事件 ‎5．ceremony (n.) 仪式 ‎6．shoot (vt.) 射杀；开枪；拍照(过去式：shot，过去分词 shot)→shooting (n.) 射击；发射 ‎7．train (vt.) 训练→training (n.) 培训 ‎8．distance (n.) 距离→distant (adj.) 遥远的 ‎9．abandoned (adj.) 被遗弃的→abandon (vt.) 遗弃；抛弃 ‎10．product (n.) 产品→produce (v.) 生产→production (n.) 生产 ‎11．frighten (vt.) 使吃惊；惊吓→frightened (adj.) 受惊的；害怕的→frightening (adj.) 令人害怕的→fright (n.) 害怕 ‎12．interview (n.) 面试；面谈→interviewer (n.) (面试时的)主考官；面谈者→interviewee (n.) 参加面试者；接受采访者 ‎13．exhausted (adj.) 疲惫不堪的→exhaust (vt.) 使疲惫不堪 ‎14．scenery (n.) 风景；景色→scene (n.) 场面；场景 ‎15．apart (adj.) 分离的；与众不同的→apartment (n.) 公寓；单元住宅 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．get_on/off　　　　　　　上/下(车，船等)‎ ‎2．get_into 上(车)；进入；养成……的习惯 ‎3．take_off (飞机)起飞；成功；脱掉衣服 ‎4．out_of_date 过时 ‎5．refer_to 指的是；查阅；涉及；提到 ‎6．be_short_for 是……的缩写；简称 ‎7．more_than 超过；不仅仅是 ‎8．at_a_speed_of 以……的速度 ‎9．not_..._any_more 不再 ‎10．in_the_1980s/1980's 在20世纪80年代 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．do you think是插入语，其后面要用陈述语序 What do_you_think the central part of the country is like？(教材P22)‎ 你认为这个国家的中心部分是什么样子的？‎ ‎2．动词ing形式作主语 Reading_in_English is one of the fastest ways of improving your English.(教材P22)‎ 用英语阅读是提高英语的最快方法之一。‎ ‎3．what引导的感叹句 And what a ride！(教材P23)‎ 一次多么奇妙的乘车经历啊！‎ ‎4．过去分词短语作定语，与所修饰的词构成被动关系 We ate great meals cooked_by_experts！(教材P23)‎ 我们吃了专家们做的美味的食物！‎ ‎5．Would you mind ...？后接名词、代词、动名词以及if引导的从句 Would_you_mind_showing me your ticket？(教材P25)‎ 请给我看一下你的票可以吗？‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．The sun ________ (shine), there was no wind and there were no clouds in the sky.‎ 答案：shone ‎2．We saw abandoned farms which ________ (build) more than a hundred years ago.‎ 答案：were built ‎3．They tried ________ (ride) horses, but the horses didn't like the hot weather and sand.‎ 答案：riding ‎4．I wasn't good at riding. But my father was very patient and soon he taught me how to do ________.‎ 答案：it ‎5．I remember ________ (learn) to swim —it was wonderful.‎ 答案：learning ‎6．The eagle suddenly ________ (fly) in the air and frightened me.‎ 答案：flew ‎7．In 1935, ________police in a town shot 153 camels in one day.‎ 答案：the ‎8．________ (travel) at a speed of over 400 kilometers per hour, the train can complete the 30－kilometer journey in eight minutes.‎ 答案：Travelling ‎9．________December 31, 2002, Premier Zhu Rongji and the German chancellor attended the opening ceremony.‎ 答案：On ‎10．I'm very sorry ________ this is an old ticket.‎ 答案：but ‎1　　distance　n．距离；远方；远处 Recently I had my first ride on a longdistance train.(P23)‎ 最近我第一次乘火车进行长途旅行。‎ ‎(1)in the distance 在远方，在远处 at a distance 稍远处；隔一段距离 keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持距离；不与某人亲近 within walking/driving distance 在步行/开车可及的地方 ‎(2)distant adj. 遥远的；远房的，远(亲) ‎ ‎①What's the distance from New York to Chicago?‎ 从纽约到芝加哥有多远？‎ ‎②[2015·浙江高考改编]Farther in the distance, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains.‎ 在远方，我能够欣赏到雪山的景象。‎ ‎③[现代英语用法词典]He is a distant cousin of me.‎ 他是我的一位远房表哥。‎ ‎2　　abandoned　adj.被遗弃的 We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.(P23)‎ 我们看到了一些遗弃的农场，它们都建于100多年以前。‎ ‎①[2014·陕西高考]I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event.‎ 我希望运动日能够被废弃，用一个其它的竞争性不那么强的赛事代替。‎ ‎②[现代英语用法词典]He abandoned himself to despair.‎ 他陷入绝望。‎ ‎③[2015·广东高考]He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned.‎ 他拥有一家看起来几乎荒芜的农场。‎ ‎3　　scenery　n．风景；景色 For the first few hundred kilometers of the journey, the scenery was very colorful.(P23)‎ 在旅途的前几百公里风景非常漂亮。‎ 易混辨析 scene 可数名词。指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动，意为“场景；场面”‎ scenery 为集合名词，自然景色的总称，常用来描述静态的美丽的乡村景色 sight 指某一地区的名胜、风景等，常用复数形式。还可以表示“视力”‎ view 常指从某个位置或角度(如窗户、山顶)所看到的景色，还可表示“观点”‎ 图解助记 ‎①选词填空(scene/scenery/sight/view)‎ a．Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful ________. There are a lot of tourist attractions here, one of which is the West Lake. If you stand on the top of Leifeng Pagoda, you'll get a good ________ of it. You can see the boats on the lake making a beautiful ________. Welcome to Hangzhou and see the ________ of it.‎ b．[2014·课标全国卷Ⅱ]I got a place next to the window, so I had a good ________ of the sidewalk.‎ 答案：a.scenery; view; scene; sights　b．view ‎②[2013·江西高考，书面表达]All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.‎ 一路上我们聊天，唱歌，大笑，享受着新鲜的空气和美丽的风景。‎ ‎4　　frighten　vt.使吃惊；惊吓 The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me.(P26)‎ 那只老鹰突然飞了起来，把我吓了一跳。‎ ‎(1)frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. 吓得某人做某事/不做某事 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓死 frighten away/off 吓走，吓跑 ‎(2)fright n. 害怕 frightening adj. 令人害怕的 frightened adj. 感到害怕的 ‎①[2014·安徽高考]She has now begun placing speaker in the fields to see if elephants are frightened_away.‎ 她现在已经把扬声器放在田里看能否把大象吓跑。‎ ‎②[2014·福建高考，阅读改编]As we walked up to her, my son became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment.‎ 当我们走近她时，我儿子被那些血和医疗设备吓坏了。‎ ‎③The frightened look on his face suggested that he saw something frightening.‎ 他脸上害怕的表情表明他看见了令人恐惧的东西。‎ ‎④frighten 是以－en结尾的动词，常会有后缀－en的动词还有哪些？试根据汉语提示写出。‎ a．________ 加强　b．________ 加深　c．________ 加宽 d．________ 缩短 答案：a.strengthen　b．deepen　c．widen　d．shorten ‎5　　event　n．事件；大事；比赛项目 She can't remember events from a long time ago.(P28)‎ 她想不起长时间以前发生的事情了。‎ 易混辨析 event 指较重要的事件或体育比赛项目 incident 指附带的小事件、事端、政变 accident 意外事故。如飞机失事、车祸等不幸 affair 指个人的事情或工作，也可指事务、活动等。如foreign affairs(外事)；current affairs(时事)‎ 一言辨异 News of the Xi'an Incident shocked the whole country. He was very concerned about state affairs,_so he decided to buy a newspaper which reported the event. But unfortunately, on the way to newspaper stand, he was killed in the car accident.‎ 西安事变的消息震惊了全国。他非常关心国家事务，因此决定去买一张报道此事的报纸。但不幸地是，他在去报摊的途中死于车祸。‎ ‎①[2014·福建高考完形]From my second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital.‎ 从我二年级起，钢琴独奏是每年都会让我恐惧的一件大事。‎ ‎②[人教②]There are no running races or horse riding events in Winter Olympics.‎ 冬奥会里没有田径赛或骑马比赛这样的赛事。‎ ‎③The most important things that have just happened recently at home and abroad are usually called current affairs.‎ 国内外刚刚发生的重要的事情一般称为时事。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2015·黄石模拟]The girl student was trembling and there was a ________ (frighten) look on her face.‎ 答案：frightened 　句意：那个女学生在发抖，脸上有一种惊恐的表情。frightened为形容词，意为“感到害怕的，惊恐的”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．[2014·广东高考]________ (event), however, I won the support of my family.‎ 答案：Eventually　根据句意，此处应为“最终”之意，故填Eventually。‎ ‎3．[2014·课标全国卷]The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was ________(shoot) by a boy in 1900.‎ 答案：shot　句意：美国的最后一只被证实的野鸽子于1900年被一个小男孩枪杀。句中空白处应为被动语态，所以此处应填过去分词。‎ ‎4．[2015·北京高考]In each episode (一期节目) of Man vs.Wild, Grylls ________ (abandon) in a wild area and has to find his way out.‎ 答案：is abandoned　句意：在每一期的《人与自然》栏目中，格里尔斯都会被扔在荒野中自己去找生路。空白处需要用被动语态，故用is abandoned。‎ ‎5．The police rushed to the ________ (scenery) of the traffic accident shortly after they received the call.‎ 答案：scene　句意：警方一接到电话就立即赶到了交通事故现场。scene“场景，场面”，符合句意。‎ ‎6．[2014·重庆高考]The elephant had heard the ________ (distance) alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed.‎ 答案：distant　句意：大象已经听到了远处的动物的警报声，随即情绪骤然变化了。根据句意，空白处需要填形容词，故填distant。‎ ‎7．[2014·广东高考]After countless ________ (interview) and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates.‎ 答案：interviews　句意：经过若干次的面试和展示，我在众多的候选者中脱颖而出。空白处需要用复数形式。‎ ‎8．After his journey from foreign countries, Jones returned home, ________ (exhaust)．‎ 答案：exhausted　句意：琼斯从国外旅行回到家，疲惫不堪。此处应用形容词作状语，说明人的状态。‎ ‎9．We should be ________ (train) from an early age in table manners.‎ 答案：trained　“be trained”为被动语态“被训练”。‎ ‎10．Cows supply us ________ milk.‎ 答案：with　supply sb. with sth. 为固定搭配，意为“向某人提供某物”。‎ ‎1　　refer to 指的是；提到；涉及；参考；查阅 Some of the verbs can refer to more than one means of transport.(P21)‎ 一些动词可以描述不止一种交通方式。‎ ‎(1)refer to...as... 把……称作……‎ refer...to...将……送交给……(以求获得帮助)‎ refer to a dictionary 查字典 ‎＝turn to a dictionary ‎＝look up the word in a dictionary ‎(2)for reference 备案；以供参考 ‎①[2014·福建高考，阅读]What does the underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refer_to?‎ 第一段的划线词“they”指的是什么？‎ ‎②[2013·广东高考]His head teacher had referred him to me.‎ 他的校长把他带到了我这里。‎ ‎③[北师大⑧－22]The scientist referred_to global warming at least three times in his speech.‎ 那位科学家在演讲中至少三次提到全球气候变暖。‎ ‎④You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference.‎ 你最好记下这个餐馆的电话以备将来参考。‎ ‎2　　get on/get off 上/下(车、船等)‎ We got on in Sydney and we got off in Alice Springs, right in the middle of Australia, more than four thousand kilometers away.(P23)‎ 我们在悉尼上车，在四千多公里远的位于澳大利亚中部的艾里斯斯普林斯下车。‎ ‎①[2014·课标全国卷Ⅱ，书面表达改编]I'll enjoy my work and get_on/along_well_with my colleagues.‎ 我将喜欢上我的工作并与同事们相处很好。‎ ‎②[现代英语用法词典]He got_on her bicycle and cycled off.‎ 他骑上自行车，走了。‎ ‎③[2013·辽宁高考]As she got_off her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the path leading to the house.‎ 当她下了自行车要把它放到门口时，她看到了通向房子的那条小径。‎ 图解助记 ‎3　　be short for 是……的缩写；是……的简称 Ghan is short for Afghanistan.(P23)‎ Ghan是阿富汗的简称。‎ be short of 缺少；缺乏 in short＝in a word 简单地说；总而言之 ‎＝briefly run/go short (of) (物品)不足；短缺 ‎①[2014·辽宁高考]“Happy belated birthday！” is short for:_“Well, I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday.”‎ ‎“迟到的生日快乐！”是一种简称，原意指：“忘记了对方的生日，但又记起来了，请原谅且生日快乐。”‎ ‎②[牛津高阶]She is not short of excuses when things go wrong.‎ 事情出了差错，她老有借口。‎ ‎③[现代英语用法词典]We have run short of food.‎ 食物已经没有了。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 allow...to； at a speed of； get through； refer to； take off； be short for； any more； get on ‎ ‎1．[2014·陕西高考]When the delayed flight will ________ depends much on the weather.‎ 答案：take off ‎2．Call me Jo—it ________ Joanna.‎ 答案：is short for ‎3．[2014·天津高考]We have made it our way of life, many people don't approach Nature ________.‎ 答案：any more ‎4．Happy as a child, I ________ the bicycle and headed out onto the streets.‎ 答案：got on ‎5．Who were you ________ when you said you had a good friend here?‎ 答案：referring to ‎6．We were travelling ________ thirty miles an hour.‎ 答案：at a speed of ‎7．[2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ]Although we ________ tomato plants ________ grow in the same place year after year, we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.‎ 答案：allow; to ‎8．I called her several times, but I couldn't ________.‎ 答案：get through ‎1　　Would you mind(P25)‎ 请出示你的票好吗？‎ ‎(1)Would/Do you mind not doing sth.？你介意不做某事吗？‎ Would you mind＋if从句，从句一般使用过去时态表示虚拟语气。‎ ‎(2)mind your own business 别管闲事 mind your manners 注意礼貌 ‎－关键一点－‎ 回答Would you mind...？或Do you mind...？问句时，要特别注意前后文的一致性。常见的表“不介意”的答语有：Certainly not/Not at all/Not a bit/No, go ahead等。‎ 表“介意”的答语有：I'm sorry，but I do./Yes，I do mind./I'm sorry, but you'd better not.‎ ‎①—Would you mind if I smoked here?‎ ‎—I'm sorry, but it's not allowed.‎ ‎——我在这吸烟你介意吗？‎ ‎——很抱歉，这里不允许抽烟。‎ ‎②Would/Do you mind not_picking the flowers in the garden? They're for everyone's enjoyment.‎ 请不要摘花园里的花好吗？这些花是供大家来欣赏的。‎ ‎③—Would you mind being_sent to the town you visited last year?‎ ‎—Of course not.‎ ‎——你介意送你去去年访问过的那个城镇吗？‎ ‎——当然不介意。‎ ‎2　　And what_a_ride！(P23)‎ 一次多么精彩的乘车旅行啊！‎ 本句是一个省略形式的感叹句。完整的句子应为And what a ride it is！‎ ‎(1)What引导的感叹句 ‎(2)How引导的感叹句 ‎－特别提醒－‎ what引导的感叹句的第一个句型和how引导的第一个句型可以互相转换。另外what引导的感叹句中的形容词可以省略；what和how引导的感叹句中的主、谓部分也经常省略。如：‎ What a(n) (awful) day (we had today)!‎ ‎＝How awful a day (we had today)！‎ 选词填空(what/how)‎ a．[2015·湖南高考]________a surprised expression was on my maths teacher's face!‎ 数学老师的脸上出现了一种多么惊讶的表情啊！‎ b．________ pretty girls they are!‎ 多么漂亮的女孩啊！‎ c．I miss you very much. ________ I want to see you!‎ 我很想你，我多么希望见到你！‎ d．________ fun it is to swim in the river in summer!‎ 夏天在河里游泳是多么快乐啊！‎ 答案：a.What　b．What　c．How　d．What ‎3　　Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometers per hour, the train can complete the 30kilometer journey in eight minutes.(P29)‎ 火车以每小时400多公里的速度前进，在8分钟内就完成了30公里的路程。‎ Travelling at a speed...是现在分词在句中作状语，其逻辑主语即主句的主语the train。现在分词作状语与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主动关系，即现在分词表主动。分词作状语，可表时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式及结果等。‎ ‎①[2015·北京高考]The park was full of people, enjoying themselves in the sunshine.‎ 公园里有许多人，他们在阳光下玩得很开心。‎ ‎②Seeing his father, the boy ran away.‎ 一看到他父亲，男孩就跑开了。‎ ‎③[2014·湖南高考]There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring at the night sky.‎ 没有比仰面躺在草地中央凝视着夜空更惬意的事情了。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2015·重庆高考]Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ________ (use) the sun and the stars.‎ 答案：using　句意：像古代的水手一样，鸟类能借助太阳和星星找到它们的路。此处为现在分词作方式状语。‎ ‎2．________ great fun it will be to have a talk with the super star!‎ 答案：What　句意：和这位超级明星谈话会多么有趣啊！根据句意，应为感叹句形式，所以用what修饰fun。‎ ‎3．[2014·江西高考，书面表达改编]It's my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what ________(learn) in senior high school.‎ 答案：to learn　句意：很荣幸能和您分享在高中阶段我们要学什么这个观点。疑问词what＋不定式to learn做介词on的宾语。‎ ‎4．[2015·湖南高考]When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ (wonder) whether to stay or leave.‎ 答案：wondering　句意：当那个职员看到一张善良而又因愧疚地微笑而出现皱纹的脸时，她纹丝不动地站着，不知是去还是留。主语she与wonder为逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。‎ ‎5．[2013·福建高考]Would you mind ________________(answer) some questions on shopping habits?‎ 答案：answering　句意：你介意回答几个关于购物习惯的问题吗？mind后接动词－ing形式作宾语。‎ 一、过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语一般表示动作完成或被动的含义。及物动词的过去分词作定语，与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系，相当于一个含被动语态的定语从句。‎ ‎1．We saw abandoned farms on the way.‎ ‎＝We saw farms ________ on the way.‎ 答案：that had been abandoned 单个的过去分词通常置于被修饰词之前作前置定语；过去分词短语作定语则后置。‎ ‎2．[2014·重庆高考]The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________ (return) to our shop for quality problems.‎ 答案：returned 但是有些单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。如：left(剩下的)，given(所给的)等。‎ ‎3．[2013·课标全国卷Ⅰ]They might just have a place ________ (leave) on the writing course－why don't you give it a try?‎ 答案：left 过关演练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．All the ________ (break) windows have been repaired.‎ 答案：broken ‎2．Hangzhou, ________ (know) to the nation for its West Lake, has changed greatly.‎ 答案：known ‎3．The ________ (injure) workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.‎ 答案：injured ‎4．Is this the book ________ (recommend) by the teacher?‎ 答案：recommended ‎5．Most of the people ________ (invite) to the conference were my old friends.‎ 答案：invited 二、一般过去时的基本用法 表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的状语连用。如：a moment ago, yesterday, last night, just now, in 2006, when I was studying等。‎ ‎1．[2013·重庆高考]I felt very tired when I got home, and I ________ (go) straight to bed.‎ 答案：went 叙述没有具体过去时间的动作或存在的状态。这种用法中常不带具体的表示过去的时间状语，只用动词的过去形式表达。‎ ‎2．[2015·重庆高考]—Is Peter coming?‎ ‎—No, he ________ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.‎ 答案：changed 可以用“used to＋动词原形”或者“would＋动词原形”表示过去常常发生的动作或存在的状态。‎ ‎3．[2013·重庆高考改编]When I________ (be) little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling me stories till I ________ (fall) asleep.‎ 答案：was; fell 过关演练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．[2015·福州期末]—You seem to be familiar with this city.‎ ‎—I ________ (live) here for three years. It's great to be back.‎ 答案：lived ‎2．I ________ (have) a word with Julia this morning.‎ 答案：had ‎3．The boy ________ (open) his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.‎ 答案：opened ‎4．[2016·南京调研]—I wonder what makes you a good salesperson.‎ ‎—I ________ (serve) as a waiter for three years, which contributes a lot to my today's work.‎ 答案：served ‎5．We used to ________ (do) morning exercises every week.‎ 答案：do