2021届新高考英语人教版一轮考评训练：：话题四　人物介绍（B）

2021届新高考英语人教版一轮考评训练：：话题四　人物介绍（B）

www.ks5u.com 话题四　人物介绍(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎[2020·潍坊高考模拟] In 2009, Dan Black was hit by a car in his hometown of Chepstow, Wales, as he was biking to his job at a grocery store. The accident left him unable to move from the chest down. During his recovery, he suffered a stroke that made his right arm useless. Once a promising guitarist, Dan, now 25, lives with his parents and requires aroundtheclock care that costs nearly $ 300,000 a year. After the accident, a friend of his started the Help Dan Black Fund(基金) to cover some of Dan's medical expenses. Dan learned about an experimental stem cell(干细胞) treatment in China that could enable him to walk again. After four years, donations to help Dan Black totaled nearly $ 30,000.‎ One day, in 2013, a news story caught the eye of Dan's mother, Michacla, who then shared the story with her son. The story featured a fiveyearold boy named Brecon Vaughan. He had a rare form of disease and never walked by himself. The boy's family had created a website with which to raise nearly $ 100,000 needed for a trip to the St. Louis Children's Hospital, where treatment was offered that could help Brecon walk. Only half the amount had been raised, said the report.‎ Dan deliberated. Then, after considering that his own dream of walking could be years away, he donated his $ 30,000 to Brecon's cause. “I know how it feels to walk. Brecon doesn't. He needs it much more than I do.”Dan told a newspaper.‎ Dan's generosity received a great deal of attention, and contributions started pouring into the Vaughan website. The family soon exceeded their fundraising goal. They've promised to give the extra funds, about $ 17,000, to the Tree of Hope charity, which helps sick children in the United Kingdom find specialized medical help. In October, Brecon and his family traveled to St. Louis to begin treatment. “What Dan did is great.” Brecon's mother said, “It is an extraordinary gift.”‎ ‎1．What do we know about Dan Black?‎ A．He promised to be a guitarist.‎ B．He lost his right arm in an accident.‎ C．He created a website to collect money.‎ D．He donated his money from his need.‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “exceeded” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A．Went beyond. B．Brought up.‎ C．Achieved. D．Set.‎ ‎3．What helped the donation flood into the Vaughan website?‎ A．Michacla's suggestion.‎ B．Brecon's story.‎ C．Dan Black's example.‎ D．The Vaughans' promise.‎ ‎4．How will Vaughan's family deal with the extra funds?‎ A．Support Dan Black's treatment.‎ B．Give away to the Tree of Hope charity.‎ C．Help sick children in the U. K.‎ D．Fund Brecon's trip to St. Louis.‎ B ‎[2020·成都第二次诊断]Author Walter Dean Myers died at the age of 76 after a brief illness. Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards.‎ The prolific author was loved for his vivid description of the lives of African American children, and for writing books for young people that covered different subjects. “Myers has written about all those subjects with deep understanding and a hardwon, qualified sense of hope，” said Leonard S. Marcus in 2008.‎ He was born in 1937 and was adopted by Florence Dean and Herbert after his mother died while giving birth to his younger sister. They loved him very much and his mother read to him from a very young age. Reading pushed him to discover worlds beyond his landscape.‎ He began writing at an early age. He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him. “It's what you do，” she said.‎ He dropped out of high school at 17 and joined the army. After finishing his service, he entered a dark period in his life. Myers began writing at night to pull himself through that miserable time.‎ In an essay published in The New York Times earlier this year, Myers described how a short story by James Arthur Baldwin helped change the course of his life. “I didn't love the story, but I was lifted by it，” he wrote, “for it took place in Harlem, and it was a story concerned with black people like those I knew. By humanizing the people who were like me, Baldwin's story also humanized me. The story gave me a permission that I didn't know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map.”‎ ‎ “I write books or the troubled boy I once was，” he wrote, “and ‎ for the boy who lives within me still.”‎ ‎5．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?‎ A．How popular Myers was.‎ B．How Myers became successful.‎ C．What makes Myers' works popular.‎ D．What people think of Myers' works.‎ ‎6．Who discovered Myers' writing talent?‎ A．James Arthur Baldwin. B．His mother.‎ C．Leonard S. Marcus. D．One of his teachers.‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A．Productive. B．Unfortunate.‎ C．Conservative. D．Humorous.‎ ‎8．Why was the short story by James Arthur Baldwin so important for Myers?‎ A．It helped him survive the dark period.‎ B．It inspired him to pursue his writing career.‎ C．He learned many writing techniques from it.‎ D．The author of the story permitted him to write.‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎[2020·辽宁五校协作体高三上学期联考]‎ How to Become an Activist Activists are people who see the need of change and devote their time to doing something about it. __1__ If you are interested in it, you can do so.‎ ‎__2__ This could be anything from a student club to a national organization. Most activist organizations offer different levels of involvement, so you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations or just donating a little money when you can.‎ Volunteer your time. One of the best ways to make a difference is to volunteer your time. Reach out to organizations in your community that do work for your cause, and ask how you can help.‎ Donate money or supplies. __3__ If you can't afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause, you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.‎ Draw the family and friends in. Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned. __4__‎ Promote your cause on social media. You can use social media to help keep your friends and followers informed about the cause you support. __5__ Also, you can invite your friends to attend events or donate money to fundraisers(募集资金者) for your cause.‎ A．Take classes on issues related to your cause.‎ B．Join an organization that supports your cause.‎ C．They are driven by passion and a vision for a better future.‎ D．If you do volunteer work, invite them to volunteer with you.‎ E．Most activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work.‎ F．Post useful articles and write about what you are doing to stay involved.‎ G．If you can't get in touch with them in person, then try connecting people online.‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2020·沈阳市高三教学质量监测(二)]‎ Creative teens can make a difference If you think young people can't have an effect on the world, think again. Over the years, teens have invented 1.________ (remark) things that solve problems and have changed the ways people do things. And they're going to continue to invent things in the future.‎ Take fourteenyearold Eliott Sarrey from France for example. He is the 2.________ (invent) of Bot2Karot, a gardening robot that can take care of a small vegetable garden. The robot 3.________ (control) by an app on a smartphone. It helps people grow and take care of vegetables. It also saves water and energy, and makes gardening easy for people 4.________ are very busy or have difficulty getting around.‎ Brooke Martin is 5.________ animal lover who missed her dog when she was away. She also knew that her dog suffered 6.________ stress when its owner left. So Brooke invented iCPooch when she was just twelve years old. The iCPooch lets pet owners check on their pets from anywhere in the world 7.________ (use)a tablet or a smartphone. This awardwinning design also allows owners 8.________ (take) advantage of their smartphone camera to video chat with their pets. It has another function, too. Owners can 9.________ (easy) give their pet a treat by touching the DROP COOKIE button on their screen. Pets and owners must be pretty grateful to Brooke for this invention.‎ ‎ Kids all over the world find ways to solve problems every day. Maybe next time you have a problem, you'll come up with the next 10.________ (amaze) idea.‎ 话题四　人物介绍(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 体裁：记叙文　题材：人物故事　主题：一个残疾人用爱心去帮助他人 ‎【文章大意】　本文讲述了一个等待治疗的残疾人把自己的治疗基金捐献给一个五岁的孩子，帮这个孩子去实现“走路”的愿望。他的慷慨和对别人的无私帮助与爱心感动了很多人，在人们的捐助下，这个孩子的家庭很快筹够了治疗费用，并承诺用剩下的钱去帮助其他需要医疗帮助的孩子们。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Then, after considering that his own dream of walking could be years away, he donated his $ 30,000 to Brecon's cause.”可知，他把自己治疗需要的钱捐了出去。故选D项。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“They've promised to give the extra funds, about... to the Tree of Hope charity...”可知，筹款有剩余的钱，因此推测exceeded的含义为“超过”。故选A项。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Dan's generosity received a great deal of attention, and contributions started pouring in...”可知，丹的慷慨引起了大家的关注，人们以他为榜样，捐款像洪水般涌来。故选C项。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They've promised to give the extra funds, about $ 17,000, to the Tree of Hope charity, which helps sick children in the United Kingdom find specialized medical help.”可知，他们将把钱捐赠给Tree of Hope这个慈善机构。故选B项。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　The boy's family had created a website with which to raise nearly $ 100,000 needed for a trip to the St. Louis Children's Hospital, where treatment was offered that could help Brecon walk.‎ 句式分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为The boy's family had created a website; with which to raise nearly $ 100,000...是定语修饰a website; where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the St. Louis Children's Hospital。‎ 句意：这个男孩的家庭已经创建了一个网站，在该网站上筹集去圣·路易斯儿童医院看病的十万美元，这家儿童医院将会针对恢复布雷肯的行走能力进行治疗。‎ B 体裁：记叙文　题材：人物传记　主题：著名作家Walter Dean Myers ‎ 【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国著名作家Walter Dean Myers的生平。‎ ‎ 【难句分析】　He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him.‎ ‎ 分析：该句为复合句。句中“no matter what happened to him”为让步状语从句；advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”；keep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。‎ ‎ 译文：他在高中时写作就很好，一位英语老师认识到这一点并建议他无论发生什么事都要坚持写下去。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：C　考查段落大意。通读该段可知，该段首句“The prolific author... covered different subjects”为该段主题句，结合该段其他内容可知，这位多产的作家因其对非裔美国儿童生活的生动描述，以及为年轻人写的涉及不同话题的书籍而深受喜爱。由此可知，该段主要介绍了他的作品受欢迎的原因，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him”可知，他在高中时写作就很好，一位英语老师认识到这一点并建议他无论发生什么事都要坚持写下去。据此可知，他的写作天赋是他的一位英语老师发现的，故D项正确。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：A　考查词义猜测。根据第一段第二句“Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards”可知，Walter Dean Myers写了100多本儿童和年轻人读物，并获得了许多最高奖项。由此可推知，他是一位多产的作家。productive意为“多产的”，故A项正确。B项意为“不幸的”，C项意为“守旧的”，D项意为“幽默的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“how a short story... the course of his life”以及最后一句“The story gave ‎ me a permission that I didn't know I needed，the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map”可知，Baldwin写的故事鼓励了Myers追求他自己的写作事业，故B项正确。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 话篇类型：说明文　主题语境：如何成为积极分子 ‎ 【文章大意】　积极分子是指那些看到变革的需要并投入时间去做些什么的人。本篇文章就如何成为积极分子而去从事公益事业提供了一些建议。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：C　前一句提到“see the need of change and devote their time to doing something about it”(看到变革的需要并投入时间去做些什么)，由此可推知，空处应是进一步阐述积极分子这样做的原因，故C项“他们被激情和对更美好的未来的憧憬所驱使”与此处匹配。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：B　根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，该空为本段的主题句。根据本段中的“from a student club to a national organization”和“Most activist organizations”可知，本段的主题是关于加入某个组织的。故选B。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：E　前句提到“Donate money or supplies”(捐赠金钱或物资)，由此可推知，空处应是说明这样做的原因，故E项“大多数积极分子或慈善组织需要资源来开展工作”符合语境。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：D　本段的主题句为“Draw the family and friends in”(让家人和朋友参与进来)，空前一句是说如果他们感兴趣，向他们分享有关你的事业的宣传资料或仅仅告诉他们你学到的东西，空处应是进一步说明你让朋友和家人参与的具体做法，故D项符合语境，且句式结构与前一句相同。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：F　本段的主题句为“Promote your cause on social media”，该段也提到了利用“social media”，这与F项“发布有用的文章，写下你正在做什么来保持参与”密切联系，故选F。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 体裁：说明文　题材：社会生活　主题：有创造力的青少年对世界的影响 ‎ 【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了有创造力的青少年发明的东西对人们生活的影响。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：remarkable　考查形容词。根据空后的名词“things”并结合语境可知，此处应用形容词形式，所以填remarkable。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：inventor　考查名词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用名词，所以填inventor。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：is controlled　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处陈述一个事实，应用一般现在时，而且The ‎ robot与control之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以填is controlled。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰前面的先行词people，且在定语从句中作主语，所以填who/that。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：an　考查冠词。根据空前的“is”和空后的“animal lover”以及语境可知，此处用不定冠词，且animal的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：from　考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，此处表示“承受压力”，应用固定搭配suffer from，所以填from。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：using　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，pet owners与use之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词短语作方式状语，所以填using。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：to take　考查固定用法。根据本句中的“allows”和语境可知，此处应为allow sb. to do sth.的用法，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以填to take。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：easily　考查副词。根据空后的“give”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词，所以填easily。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：amazing　考查形容词。根据空前的“the next”和空后的“idea”及语境可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词idea，所以填amazing。‎