2019-2020学年河北省宣化市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

2019-2020学年河北省宣化市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

‎2019-2020学年河北省宣化市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试卷 一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）‎ A Dear Dale， My mother recently gave birth to a boy， my new younger brother． But though he's adorable （可爱的）， I have to do more chores than before． And when I don't do them well， my father scolds （批评） me． I feel terrible． What can I do？ Emily Dear Emily， Congratulations on the new member of your family． It's completely natural for you to feel different now that you're not your parents' only child． Before， you got all their attention， but now， you have to share that attention with your new brother． However， rather than feel sad about your new situation， you should see it as an opportunity to show everyone how mature （成熟的） you are． Now that your brother's here， you're no longer the kid of the family． This also means that you now have the responsibility to help raise your brother and show him how the world works． As for your parents， put yourself in their shoes and you'll see why they're acting differently toward you． Your parents still love you as much as they did before， of course， but raising a baby is very difficult and tiring． Because of this， you should try your best to support your parents by not getting upset if they scold you or ask you to do things you normally wouldn't have to do． Most importantly， remember to keep setting a good example to your brother． Once everything settles down， you'll never be able to imagine life without him． Dale 1. What is Emily's trouble？ ______ ‎ A. How to get along well with her family members with the baby born to her family． B. How to get rid of chores she normally doesn't have to do． C. How to take care of her adorable brother when parents are busy． D. How to avoid Father's scolding when she does something wrong．‎ 2. What should Emily do according to Dale？ ______ ‎ A. Love her parents as much as she can． B. Try to pay more attention to herself． C. Put herself in her parents' shoes． D. Feel sad about her new situation and see it as an opportunity．‎ 1. Where can we most probably read this text？ ______ ‎ A. In a travel guide． B. In an interview． C. In a journal． D. In a textbook．‎ B Do you know who made the ABC song？ Some people say a man named Charles Bradlee created the song． He was the first person to say he owned it． That was in 1834． Bradlee called the song "The Schoolmaster"． A schoolmaster in an old name for a teacher． No one knows where it came from． But we do have some clues． Sounds Like Another Song The ABC song sounds the same as "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star"． It has the same tune， or music． It sounds like "Baa Baa Black Sheep"， too． Try singing each song． Sing them in a row． You can hear for yourself! The tune was first printed in 1761． It didn't have any words． No one knows who wrote it． Later， a woman wrote the words for "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star"． Her name was Jane Taylor． She lived in England． She wrote the words in 1806． Mozart was a very famous composer． He wrote a piece of music in 1785． It sounds a lot like the ABC song! We Learn Better From Songs When the ABC song first became popular， few children went to school． Most people did not learn how to read． They did not learn how to write， either． As time went on， this changed． More people needed to know how to read and write． More children started learning the ABC song． It helped them remember the letters． Why do we sing the ABC song？ We could just read it quietly． Or we could say it without singing． Why is the song partly important？ The answer is related to how we learn． Children have always leaned from grown-ups． But 200 year ago， most people couldn't read or write． Children had to remember things． They could not write down what they learned． They could not read about it later． So it was important to remember． Songs helped people remember． People sang song that told stories． They taught their children what they knew through songs． So， no none really knows who made the ABC song． We do know that this song is popular today． Most children who learn to speak English will sing it． Then they will remember their letters!‎ 2. How is the passage mainly developed？ ______ ‎ A. By listing facts． B. By comparing． C. By telling a story． D. By examining differences．‎ 3. Who made the ABC song？ ______ ‎ A. Charles Bradlee B. Jane Taylor． C. Mozart． D. No one knows the answer exactly．‎ 4. Why was making the alphabet into a song important？ ______ ‎ A. Because the song was written by a famous music writer． B. Because the song helps people remember the letters． C. Because the song sounds like "Baa Baa Black Sheep"． ‎ D. Because children always learn from grown-ups．‎ 1. Why the Question "Who made the ABC song？" is used in the beginning？ ______ ‎ A. To test the readers． B. To introduce a topic． C. To show the song is important． D. To analyze the cause and effect．‎ C There have been nine secetary0generals of the United Nations （联合国秘书长） since the first one was appointed （任命） in 1946． But somehow， Kofi Annan has been the one that people tend to remember the best． Annan， born in Ghana， was the first black African to ever hold the job． And he won a Nobel Peace Prize in 2001． Just as the New York Times put it， Annan "redefined （重新定义） the UN"． During those 10 years-from 1997 to 2006-the world was at its worst． This period witnessed the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999， the Sept． 11 attacks of 2001， and the US's invasion （侵略） of Iraq in 2003． On its own， the UN has little power． However， Annan combined that power with his own to achieve great things． He kept the world from falling apart from attacks and wars． He also fought for women's rights and the educational rights of children， and fought against the spread of HIV in Africa． It was because of these things that he and the UN were awarded a Nobel Peace Prize in 2001， for their work toward "a better organized and a more peaceful world"． Annan also put "people" at the center of everything the UN does． He took the trouble to relate to （建立联系） others-young or old， senior or junior， ambassador （大使） or security guard （保安）． Maybe what Annan did was more than just redefine the UN． Indeed， as Antonio Guterres， current secretary-general of the UN， said， "In many ways， Kofi Annan was the UN．"‎ 2. According to the passage， we can learn that ______ ．‎ A. secretary-generals are not usually remembered by people B. people believe that Annan has been the best leader of Ghana C. Annan is the only black man to win the Noble Peace Prize D. Annan is the first black African secretary-general of the UN 3. The underlined word can be replaced by " ______ "．‎ A. saw B. made C. prevented D. happened 4. What did Annan do to redefine the UN？ ______ ‎ A. Women and children were kept from being attacked． B. He stopped the spread of HIV and found the cure for AIDS in Africa． C. He made the world a better and more peaceful place． D. He has every country get the same rights in the UN．‎ 5. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？ ______ ‎ A. Annan has trouble in communicating with others． B. People are believed less important than others by Annan． C. The current leader of the UN thins highly of Annan and his great achievements． D. People in higher position easily get more support from the leaders of the UN．‎ D I first began experiencing anxiety and depression （抑郁） at the age of 14， after being bullied （欺凌） at school for years． While at first anxiety and depression would came and go， it eventually became a constant part of my life． I was so eager to find the solution to overcoming my anxiety and depression that I tried everything from when I in college to graduate school： mood-changing medication （药物）， special teas， yoga， anything I read about in books， and advice given by doctors． Despite this， I still felt I hadn't even come close to managing the problem． But one afternoon， my eyes fell upon an article in a magazine I was reading the talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression． The very next day， I decide to get a dog-a corgi． When I brought my little corgi． Buddy， home， I didn't realize how much he would change my life． Once the "puppy excitement" went away， my anxiety and depression came back as usual． One morning， I woke up with those familiar feeling again． I didn't want to get out of bed． I turned to pull the covers back over my head and gave up． That's when I saw Buddy． Buddy started jumping all over me， licking my face， letting me know that it was time to go outside． It was as if he were saying， "There's no time to be sad， the world is amazing!" And for the first time in my life， my life was changing． I really was a new person． This was my new beginning． It's been more than a year since that day， and I've never spent another morning unable to get out of bed． I've not cried myself to sleep or spent my days stuck with fear and regret． Sure， I still have days when I feel sad or anxious． But with Buddy， my best friend， by my side， I've finally learned how to manage these feelings and emotions．‎ 1. Which cannot describe the author before she got a corgi？ ______ ‎ A. Anxious． B. Depressed． C. Hopeful． D. Fearful．‎ 2. How did the author know having a dog might help with her depression？ ______ ‎ A. She read about it by chance． B. She knew it from her doctors． C. She knew it after having a dog． D. She knew it from her friend．‎ 3. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined words "stuck with" in the last paragraph？ ______ ‎ A. please with B. unable to move C. unable to get ride of D. free of 4. What is the best title for the passage？ ______ ‎ A. Dogs Are Our Best Friends B. Pet Dogs Can Be the Best Cure C. How to Overcome Depression D. Getting Rid of Depression Is a Piece of Cake 二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）‎ The Science of Earthquakes (1) The surface of the earth is divided into different pieces． These are called tectonic plates ‎ ‎（构造板块）． When two plates suddenly slip past one another， an earthquake happens． This shakes the ground and everything on it． What cause earthquakes and where do they happen？ (2) They are inner core， outer core， mantle （地幔） and the earth's crust （地壳）． The crust and the top of the mantle make up a think skin on the surface of the planet． But this skin is not all in one piece． It is actually made up of many tectonic plate． They are like puzzle pieces． These pieces are always sliding around and bumping into each other． Sometimes their edges get stuck together． When this happens， the rest of the plate keeps moving． Eventually the edges come unstuck． (3) ． Why does the earth shake when there is an earthquake？ Earthquakes send out waves in all directions． When they reach the earth's surface， they shake the ground． (4) The P wave squeezes and stretches the earth． The S wave shake it up and down． (5) Scientists use special tools to record and measure earthquakes． These tools are called seismographs． Recordings from seismographs tell scientists when and where an earthquake took place． They can also tell scientists the size of an earthquake． A． How are earthquakes recorded？ B． That is when an earthquake happens． C． There are different types of earthquake waves． D． What is an earthquake？ E． The earth has four main layers （层）． F． Can scientists predict earthquakes？ G． Scientists can tell where an earthquake took place by studying the P and S waves．‎ 1. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 2. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 3. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 4. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 5. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）‎ When I heard my name pronounced by the teacher， I knew what lay ahead． She called me to the whiteboard to (21)a long division （除法） problem． Math was my (22)subject． When doing a long division problem， I always (23)put the numbers in the wrong places， (24)forgot to add in the zeros． As I (25)the whiteboard， I looked at the blonde haired girl next to me， trying to (26)what she was writing． (27)I tried my best， she went faster than I could understand． Impossible to understand． Why me？ Why couldn't I wrap my mind around this strange concept that all the other kids understood？ Why， even when I (28)my hardest to deal with the division problems？ Why？ Why？ I (29)back salty tears and wrote some numbers randomly （随便地） on the board． The teacher read over our answers silently． "Now， class， Susie did this problem absolutely correctly．" "As for Tara，" the teacher said， (30)her eyes， "Gosh， I don't (31)know what she did．" The class burst into (32)， and I felt my face turned (33)as I tried to sink as low as possible into ‎ my seat， hoping to (34)them from seeing me at all． However， after class my teacher wrote me a note， (35)， "No one will care how you feel， unless you (36)yourself to succeed．" This (37)from middle school is the most impressive and the only one I can remember． The experience made me feel stronger， and gave me (38)． When I get a (39)grade in school， or am put down by somebody， I think of that moment and every single one of those whys that I asked myself， which gives me the willingness to (40)all of those whys and continue until perfection， or as close as I can get．‎ 1. ‎ A. find B. do C. make D. examine 2. ‎ A. favorite B. best C. worst D. last 3. ‎ A. repeatedly B. carefully C. directly D. reasonably 4. ‎ A. nor B. so C. or D. but 5. ‎ A. moved B. approached C. used D. returned 6. ‎ A. guess B. imagine C. think D. copy 7. ‎ A. If B. Unless C. Though D. Because 8. ‎ A. suggested B. asked C. admitted D. tried 9. ‎ A. gave B. went C. held D. cut 10. ‎ A. rolling B. closing C. focusing D. opening 11. ‎ A. even B. never C. hardly D. still 12. ‎ A. anger B. laughter C. cheering D. enjoyment 13. ‎ A. puzzled B. annoyed C. pale D. red 14. ‎ A. protect B. judge C. prevent D. differ 15. ‎ A. saying B. writing C. showing D. persuading 16. ‎ A. force B. allow C. forbid D. hope 17. ‎ A. accident B. problem C. promise D. memory 18. ‎ A. determination B. explanation C. frustration D. imagination 19. ‎ A. big B. bad C. little D. good 20. ‎ A. get B. answer C. see D. find 四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）‎ 21. Do you know the former President of South Africa， Nelson Mandela？ He (1) （flight） for black people and was (2) prison for almost thirty years． He helped black people to get same rights as white people． Elias was a students in a school． Because his family couldn't afford (3) （pay） the school fees， he had to drop out of school． Then he found a job in a gold mine and he worried about (4) he would be out of work． It was during this difficult period of time (5) he met Nelson Mandela for the first time， (6) had opened a law firm to advise poor black people on their legal problems． At that time， black people had no rights (7) （vote） and their living places were decided by white people． Nelson Mandela said to Elias that they were put into a position (8) they had either to accept they were less important， or flight the government． So they decided to use (9) （violent）． Though Elias didn't like it， he helped Nelson Mandela blow up some government buildings． He knew (10) was dangerous to do so， but he also knew it would help them realize their dream of making black and white people equal．‎ 五、单词拼写-单句（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）‎ 22. Having studied Chinese for two years， now she can speak Chinese______ （流畅地）．‎ 1. The______ （坚定的） look on his face showed he had enough confidence in himself．‎ 2. I allowed myself to be______ （说服） into entering the competition．‎ 3. The old house______ （属于） my uncle but he doesn't live here any more because he has found a new job in Wuhan．‎ 4. He returned home______ （如释重负） when he got the news that he had passed the exam．‎ 六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）‎ 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike来信询问你寒假期间与父母去北京旅游的见闻．请你用 英语写一封回信．要点如下： 1．北京历史悠久且充满现代信息，人民友好； 2．参观了名胜古迹，品尝了当地小吃； 3．外国人很多，是国际化城市； 4． 你的感想． 注意： 1．词数100左右； 2．可是适当增加细节，以使行文连贯． Dear Mike， Yours， Li Hua 答案和解析 ‎1.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】A ‎【小题2】C ‎【小题3】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．A．推理判断题．由第一封信中"My mother recently gave birth to a boy， my new younger brother． But though he's adorable （可爱的）， I have to do more chores than before． And when I don't do them well， my father scolds （批评） me． I feel terrible．"可知，我妈妈最近生了一个男孩，我的小弟弟．尽管他很可爱，但是我必须比以前做更多的家务．当我做不好的时候，我父亲会责备我．我感觉糟透了．所以通过Emily来信的内容可以判断出Emily遇到的麻烦是她弟弟出生之后，如何与家庭成员之间和睦相处．故A选型正确． 2．C．细节理解题．由第二封信"As for your parents， put yourself in their shoes and you'll see why they're acting differently toward you．"可知，至于你的父母，设身处地为他们着想，你就会明白为什么他们对你的态度不同了．所以根据戴尔的说法，艾米丽应该设身处地为父母着想．故C选项正确． 3．C．推理判断题．这是一篇应用文中．信中Emily向Dale就她弟弟的出生之后，自己如何与家庭成员之间和睦相处向Dale寻求了帮助，Dale在回信中，对她所遇到的麻烦一一作了解答．所以通过文体和书信的内容可知，这是一篇关于处理家庭成员关系的情感类的短文．带有极强的隐私性，所以判断出最有可能在日记里读到这篇短文．故C选项正确． 这是一篇应用文．信中Emily向Dale就她弟弟的出生之后，自己如何与家庭成员之间和睦相处向Dale寻求了帮助，Dale在回信中，对她所遇到的麻烦一一作了解答． 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据． 4.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】A ‎【小题2】D ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】B ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】（1）---（4）ADBB （1）．A．推理判断题．由标题"Sounds Like Another Song"和"We Learn Better From Songs"的内容可知，这首曲子于1761年首次印刷．它没有任何文字．没人知道是谁写的．后来，一位女士写下了"闪闪发光的小星星"的歌词．她的名字叫简•泰勒．她住在英国．这句话是她在1806年写的．莫扎特是一位非常著名的作曲家．他在1785年写了一首曲子．听起来很像ABC的歌．但是200 年前，大多数人不会读也不会写．孩子们必须记住一些事情．他们不能把学到的写下来．歌曲帮助人们记忆．人们唱着讲故事的歌．他们通过歌曲教给孩子们他们所想知道的东西．所以以上都是在列举事实．故判断出短文是通过列举事实来展开的．故A选项正确． （2）．D．细节理解题．由最后一段"So， no none really knows who made the ABC song"可知，没有人真正知道是谁创作了ABC这首歌．故D选项正确． （3）．B．细节理解题．由倒数第三段 ‎" More children started learning the ABC song． It helped them remember the letters．"和倒数第二段" Songs helped people remember． People sang song that told stories． They taught their children what they knew through songs．"可知，越来越多的孩子开始学习ABC这首歌．它帮助他们记住这些字母．歌曲帮助人们记忆．人们唱着讲故事的歌．他们通过歌曲教给孩子们他们所知道的东西．所以，把字母表变成一首歌之所以很重要是因为歌曲帮助人们记住字母．故B选项正确． （4）．B．推理判断题．通读全文可知，短文第二段第三段是通过某些线索来说明ABC歌曲是谁创作的，第四段对谁创作了ABC歌曲进行了总结，所以判断出第一段中的问题"Who made the ABC song？" 是为了介绍主题．以此来引出后几段的内容．故B选项正确． 这是一篇说明文．短文通过某些线索来说明ABC歌曲是谁创作的．但没有人真正知道是谁创作了ABC这首歌曲． 英语阅读理解的步骤： 第一遍：阅读的第一遍是非常重要的．这一遍讲究的是速度与技巧．先用最快的时间将题迅速扫一遍，了解你需要回答什么，做到一会儿阅读时心中有数．这个时候你就可以胸有成竹地进行第一遍阅读．在第一遍阅读时不要求精，只要求速度．同时在这一遍中，关于文章的主旨等宏观方面的问题就可以解决了． 第二遍：这一遍是文章的精读过程，一般采用随看随做的方法，也就是说，每当你阅读完一段内容，就可以到下面去看看有没有与之相关的问题，同时趁着对该段文章的熟悉去做题．如此下去，在你精读完之后，题也就做完了． 第三遍：这一遍一般放在最后的检查时阅读，一般以你的时间是否充足来决定．检查一般要注意文章的细节，不要因为疏忽出错． 8.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】D ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】C ‎【小题4】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1． D．细节理解题．由第二段"Annan， born in Ghana， was the first black African to ever hold the job"可知，安南出生于加纳，是第一位担任该职位的非洲黑人．所以根据这篇文章，我们可以知道安南是第一位非洲裔联合国秘书长．故D选项正确． 2． A．词义猜测题．由第三段"This period  witnessed the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999， the Sept． 11 attacks of 2001， and the US's invasion （侵略） of Iraq in 2003．"可知，这一时期见证了1999年北约对南斯拉夫的轰炸、2001年9月11日的恐怖袭击以及2003年美国对伊拉克的侵略．所以通过witnessed在句中的意思，可以判断出带下划线的单词可以替换为saw"看见"．故A选项正确． 3． C．细节理解题．由第二段" And he won a Nobel Peace Prize in 2001． Just as the New York Times put it， Annan "redefined （重新定义） the UN"以及第五段"It was because of these things that he and the UN were awarded a Nobel Peace Prize in 2001， for their work toward "a better organized and a more peaceful world"．可知，2001年，他获得了诺贝尔和平奖．正如《纽约时报》所言，安南"重新定义了联合国"．正是因为这些，他和联合国在2001年获得了诺贝尔和平奖，以表彰他们为"一个更有组织、更和平的世界"所做的努力．所以安南使世界变得更美好、更和平以此重新定义了联合国的作用．故C 选项正确． 4． C．推理判断题．由最后段"Maybe what Annan did was more than just redefine the UN． Indeed， as Antonio Guterres， current secretary-general of the UN， said， "In many ways， Kofi Annan was the UN．"可知，也许安南所做的不仅仅是重新定义联合国．的确，正如联合国现任秘书长安东尼奥•古特雷斯所言，"从许多方面来说，科菲•安南就是联合国"．所以通过现任联合国秘书长安东尼奥•古特雷斯的话可以判断出，他高度评价安南及其伟大的成就．故C选项正确． 这是一篇人物传记．短文叙述了前任联合国秘书长科菲•安南在任职期间为世界所做出的贡献． 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点． 12.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】C ‎【小题4】B ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．C．细节理解题．由第一段"I first began experiencing anxiety and depression （抑郁） at the age of 14， after being bullied （欺凌） at school for years"可知，在学校里被欺负了很多年之后，我在14岁的时候就开始经历焦虑和抑郁症．所以作者在买柯基犬前，作者是焦虑的，抑郁的，害怕的．故C选项hopeful"有希望的"不能够描写作者在买基犬前，作者的状态．故C选项正确． 2．A．细节理解题．由第三段"But one afternoon， my eyes fell upon an article in a magazine I was reading the talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression．"可知，但有一天下午，我的目光落在了我正在读的一本杂志上的一篇文章上，这是一篇关于狗如何帮助人们缓解焦虑和抑郁的文章．所以作者是偶然读到了关于养狗可能有助于缓解焦虑和抑郁症．故A选喜正确． 3．C．词义猜测题．由最后段" I've not cried myself to sleep or spent my days  stuck with fear and regret．"可知，我没有哭着入睡，也没有整天沉浸在恐惧和悔恨中．所以通过划线词在句中的意思，可以判断出最后一段下划线的单词"stuck with"在意思上与unable to get rid of"无法摆脱"最接近．故C选项正确． 4．B．标题归纳题．通读全文可知，短文叙述了作者患上了焦虑和抑郁症，通过各种治疗方法都没有治疗好这种病，有一天作者在一本杂志上看到了狗可以帮助人们缓解焦虑和抑郁症的文章，所以作者买了一只柯基犬．经过一段时间的相处，自己抑郁的症状有了很大的缓解．作者学会了如何管理自己的感情的情绪．所以短文主要在谈论宠物狗是治疗焦虑和抑郁症的最好的治疗方法．故判断出短文的最佳标题为"宠物狗是治疗焦虑和抑郁症的最好的治疗方法"．故B选项正确． 这是一篇记叙文．短文叙述了作者患上了焦虑和抑郁症，通过各种治疗方法都没有治疗好这种病，有一天作者在一本杂志上看到了狗可以帮助人们缓解焦虑和抑郁症的文章，所以作者买了一只柯基犬．经过和小狗一段时间的相处，自己抑郁的症状有了很大的缓解．作者学会了如何管理自己的感情的情绪． 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点． 16.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】D ‎【小题2】E ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】C ‎【小题5】A ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．D．考查上下句的联系．由"The surface of the earth is divided into different pieces． These are called tectonic plates （构造板块）． When two plates suddenly slip past one another， an earthquake happens． This shakes the ground and everything on it．"可知，地球表面被分成不同的部分．这些被称为板块．当两个板块突然擦肩而过时，就会发生地震．这震动了地面和上面的一切事物．所以本段在向读者解释地震是什么也就是小题1本段标题的内容．故D选项"地震是什么"符合句意．故D选项正确． 2．E．考查上下句的联系．由 "They are inner core， outer core， mantle （地幔） and the earth's crust （地壳）"可知，它们是内核、外核、地幔和地壳．所以小题2要总说地"地球有四个主要层"．故E选项"地球有四个主要层"符合句意．故E选项正确． 3．B．考查上下句的联系．由 "These pieces are always sliding around and bumping into each other． Sometimes their edges get stuck together． When this happens， the rest of the plate keeps moving． Eventually the edges come unstuck"可知， 这些碎片总是四处移动，互相碰撞．有时它们的边缘会卡在一起．当这种情况发生的时候，剩下的板块继续移动．最终边缘会松脱．所以以上这些都在说明小题3所要总结性表达的内容--那就是地震发生的时候．故B选项"那就是地震发生的时候"符合句意．故B选项正确． 4． C．考查上下句的联系．由 "The P wave squeezes and stretches the earth． The S wave shake it up and down．"可知，纵波挤压并拉伸地球．横波上下摇动地球．所以小题4要总说"地震波有不同的类型"．然后再具体说明．故C选项"地震波有不同的类型"符合句意．故C选项正确． 5．A．考查主题句．由"Scientists use special tools to record and measure earthquakes． These tools are called seismographs． Recordings from seismographs tell scientists when and where an earthquake took place． They can also tell scientists the size of an earthquake．"可知，科学家使用特殊工具记录和测量地震．这些工具被称为地震仪．地震仪的记录告诉科学家地震发生的时间和地点．他们还可以告诉科学家地震的强弱．所以本段主要在讨论地震是如何被记录的也就是小题5本段的标题的内容．故A选项"地震是如何被记录的"符合句意．故A选项正确． 这是一篇说明文．短文主要介绍了地震是由于当两个板块突然擦肩而过时发生的，以及地震仪的记录告诉科学家地震发生的时间和地点．他们还可以告诉科学家地震的强弱的一些知识． 七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子 21.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】C ‎【小题3】A ‎【小题4】C ‎【小题5】B ‎【小题6】D ‎【小题7】C ‎【小题8】D ‎【小题9】C ‎【小题10】A ‎【小题11】A ‎【小题12】B ‎【小题13】D ‎【小题14】C ‎【小题15】A ‎【小题16】A ‎【小题17】D ‎【小题18】A ‎【小题19】B ‎【小题20】B ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1-20  BCACB   DCDCA   ABDCA   ADABB ‎ 1．B．考查动词辨析．A． find发现；B． do做；C． make制作；D． examine检查．句意：她叫我到白板上做一道除法题．由"a long division （除法） problem"可知，这是一道除法题．所以do"做"符合句意．故B选项切题． 2．C．考查形容词辨析．A． favorite最喜欢的；B． best最好的；C． worst最坏的；D． last最后的．句意：数学是我最差的学科．由下文"I always repeatedly put the numbers in the wrong places， or forgot to add in the zeros．"可知，我总是反复地把数字放在错误的地方，或者忘记加零．所以判断出数学是作者最差的学科．故C选项切题． 3．A．考查副词辨析．A． repeatedly重复地；B． carefully细心地；C． directly直接地；D． reasonably合理地．句意：我总是反复地把数字放在错误的地方，或者忘记加零．由上文可知，作者的数学最差，所以反复地把数字放在错误的地方，或者忘记加零．故A选项切题． 4．C．考查连词辨析． A． nor也不；B． so所以；C． or或者；D． but但是．句意：我总是反复地把数字放在错误的地方，或者忘记加零．分析句子可知，前后句意表示选择关系．故C选项切题． 5．B．考查动词辨析． A． moved移动；B． approached接近；C． use使用；D． returned返回．句意：当我走近白板时，我看到旁边有位金发女孩，我试图抄袭她所写的答案．由前文可知，老师叫他到黑板上做除法题，所以作者要走到黑板前，接近黑板，才能在黑板上做题．故B选项切题． 6．D．考查动词辨析．A． guess猜测；B． imagine想象；C． think认为；D． copy抄写．句意：当我走近白板时，我看着旁边有位金发女孩，我试图抄袭她所写的答案．作者不知道怎么做除法题，又不想让自己感到尴尬，所以试图抄袭她所写的答案．故D选项切题． 7．C．考查从属连词辨析．A． If如果；B． Unless如果不；C． Though尽管；D． Because因为．句意：尽管我尽了最大的努力，但是我不能明白她所写的．分析句子可知，本句为让步状语从句，所以Though"尽管"符合句意．故C选项切题． 8．D．考查动词辨析．A． suggested建议；B． asked问；C． admitted承认；D． tried尝试．句意：为什么我要竭尽全力解决这些除法问题．由上文" tried my best"可知， "tried my hardest"与 " tried my best"为同义短语．故D选项切题． 9．C．考查动词辨析．A． gave给；B． went走；C． held持有；D． cut切．句意：我忍住了我的眼泪，随便在黑板上写了一些数字．由下文可知，作者没有哭，所以作者忍住了眼泪．hold back "抑制"符合句意． 故C选项切题． 10．A．考查动词辨析．A． rolling滚动；B． closing选择；C． focusing聚集；D． opening打开．句意：至于塔拉，老师转了一下眼珠说，"天哪，我甚至不知道她在写什么"此处指老师转了一下眼珠，表示与前面情况的对比，否定了我所做的答案．故A选项切题． 11．A．考查副词辨析．A． even甚至；B． never绝不；C． hardly几乎不；D． still仍然．句意：至于塔拉，老师转动眼睛说，"天哪，我甚至不知道她在写什么"．even表示加强语气．故A选项切题． 12．B．考查名词辨析．A． anger生气；B． laughter笑声；C． cheering欢呼；D． enjoyment享受．句意：全班哄堂大笑，我试图尽可能低着头坐到座位上，希望能阻止他们看到我．我感到自己的脸变红了．看到我的答案，听到老师对我的评论，全班哄堂大笑．burst into laughter"突然大笑"符合句意．故B选项切题． 13．D．考查形容词辨析．A． puzzled困惑的；B． annoyed愤怒的；C． pale苍白的；D． red 红的．句意：全班哄堂大笑，我试图尽可能低着头坐到座位上，希望能阻止他们看到我．我感到自己的脸变红了．全班哄堂大笑，作者觉得很尴尬，所以脸红了．故D选项切题． 14．C．考查动词辨析．A． protect保护；B． judge判断；C． prevent预防；D． differ与…不同．句意：全班哄堂大笑，我试图尽可能低着头坐到座位上，希望能阻止他们看到我．我感到自己的脸变红了．prevent sb from doing sth"阻止某人做某事"符合句意．故C选项切题． 15．A．考查动词辨析．A． saying说；B． writing写；C． showing展示；D． persuading说服．句意：然而，下课后，我的老师给我写了一张纸条，上面写着："没有人会在意你的感受，除非你强迫自己成功．say表示书信或者便条的内容．故A选项切题． 16．A．考查动词辨析．A． force强迫；B． allow允许；C． forbid禁止；D． hope希望．句意：然而，下课后，我的老师给我写了一张纸条，上面写着："没有人会在意你的感受，除非你强迫自己成功．force sb to do sth "迫使某人做某事"．老师告诉作者，要"逼迫"自己成功．故A选项切题． 17．D．考查名词辨析．A． accident事故；B． problem问题；C． promise承诺；D． memory记忆．句意：中学的记忆是我印象最深刻的，也是我唯一能记得的记忆．由"the most impressive and the only one I can remember．"可知，这是作者印象最深的，也是作者唯一能记得的记忆．故D选项切题． 18．A．考查名词辨析．A． determination下定决心；B． explanation解释；C． frustration沮丧；D． imagination想象．句意：这次经历使我更加坚强，给了我决心．由"and "可知，前后句意表示并列关系，由feel stronger可知，空处选 determination．故A选项切题． 19．B．考查形容词辨析．A． big大的；B． bad坏的；C． little很少的；D． good好的．句意：我在学校里的成绩不好时，或者被别人羞辱的时候，我会想起那一刻我问自己的每一个为什么，这让我愿意回答所有为什么，并继续努力直到完美，或者尽可能接近完美．or表示选择关系，所以通过put down by somebody"被别人羞辱"可知，bad符合句意．故B选项切题． 20．B．考查动词辨析．A． get得到；B． answer回答；C． see看；D． find发现．句意：我在学校里的成绩不好时，或者被别人羞辱的时候，我会想起那一刻我问自己的每一个为什么，这让我愿意回答所有为什么，并继续努力直到完美，或者尽可能接近完美．由上文可知，作者自问了很多为什么，但通过这件事，作者更加坚强，更加有决心回答所有的问题，去解决所有的问题．故B选项切题． 这是一篇记叙文．作者上中学时，数学是他最不擅长的学科．老师要求作者到黑板上做一道除法题，作者胡乱在黑板上写了几个数字．在老师讲解时，引来了同学们对作者的哄笑．课后老师给了作者一张条写着"没有人会在意你的感受，除非你强迫自己成功"．这段经历使作者印象深刻，使作者在以后的求学中更加坚强，更加有决心地去克服任何困难，坚持寻找问题的答案，去解决所有遇到的问题，直到完美或者接近完美． 在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配． 41.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】fought ‎【小题2】in ‎【小题3】to pay ‎【小题4】whether ‎【小题5】that ‎【小题6】who ‎【小题7】to vote ‎【小题8】where ‎【小题9】violence ‎【小题10】it ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1． fought；考查一般过去时．句意：他为黑人的权利而斗争，被关在监狱里将近30年．分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，所以谓语动词填fought．故填fought． 2．  in；考查介词．句意：他为黑人的权利而斗争，被关在监狱里将近30年．in prison"关在监狱中"为固定短语．故填 in． 3．  to pay；考查动词不定式．句意：因为他的家庭付不起学费，他不得不辍学．afford to do sth "负担得起做某事"为固定短语．故填 to pay． 4．  whether；考查连接词．句意：后来他在金矿里找到了一份工作，他担心自己是否会失业．分析句子结构可知，about后接宾语从句，所以空处应填连接词．分析句意可知，连接词为whether．故填 whether． 5．  that；考查强调句．句意：正是在这段艰难的时期，他第一次见到了纳尔逊•曼德拉，曼德拉开了一家律师事务所，他给贫穷的黑人提供法律问题的指导．分析句子可知，本句涉及强调句式：it be+强调部分+that…．故填 that． 6．  who；考查关系代词．句意：正是在这段艰难的时期，他第一次见到了纳尔逊•曼德拉，曼德拉开了一家律师事务所，就贫困黑人的法律问题向他们提供咨询．分析句子可知，Nelson Mandela 为先行词在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who．故填 who． 7． to vote；考查动词不定式．句意：当时，黑人没有选举权，他们的居住地由白人决定．have no right to do sth"没有权利做某事 "其中动词不定式作后置定语．故填 to vote． 8． where；考查关系副词．句意：纳尔逊曼德拉对以利亚说，他们被置于这样一种境地，要么接受他们被不公平地对待，要么反抗政府．分析句子可知， position为先行词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where．故填where． 9． violence；考查名词．句意：所以他们决定使用暴力．use为及物动词后接名词作宾语．故填 violence． 10． it；考查it作形式主语．句意：他知道这样做是危险的，但他也知道这将帮助他们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想．It is+形容词+to do sth，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式．故填 it． 这是一篇记叙文．短文叙述了伊莱亚斯在著名黑人领袖纳尔逊•曼德拉的领导下为黑人争取权利的奋斗历史． 【点睛】定语从句关系词的选择可考虑以下三点： （1）一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因（如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等）． （2）二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等（如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when， where， why）； （3）三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句（如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句）． 分析小题8的句子可知，position为先行词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where．故填where． 42.【答案】fluently ‎ ‎【解析】答案是fluently．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词或短语；fluently  adv．流畅地，修饰动词 speak；speak Chinese fluently汉语讲得流畅． 故答案是：fluently ‎． 她学了两年中文，现在能说一口流利的中文． 翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化． 43.【答案】determined ‎ ‎【解析】答案是determined．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词或短语；determined adj．下定决心的，坚定的； the determined look "坚定的表情"，指带有这种表情的人感到很坚定． 故答案是：determined． 他脸上坚定的表情表明他对自己有足够的信心． 翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化． 44.【答案】persuaded ‎ ‎【解析】答案是persuaded．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词或短语；persuade vt．说服；persuade sb． into doing sth．说服某人做……； allow sb to do sth．"允许某人做某事"．myself和persuade 之间是被动关系，所以需要不定式的被动语态"to be done" 故答案是：persuaded． 我被说服参加了比赛． 翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化． 45.【答案】belongs to ‎ ‎【解析】答案是belongs to．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词或短语；belong to属于；由句中doesn't推断语境中讲述的是现状，需要一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数The old house； 故答案是：belongs to． 那栋旧房子属于我的叔叔，但他已经不住在这里了，因为他在武汉找到了一份新工作． 翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化． 46.【答案】in relief ‎ ‎【解析】答案是in relief．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词或短语；in relief "如释重负"为固定短语，在句中作状语． 故答案是：in relief． 当得到考试及格的消息时，他如释重负地回家了． 翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化． 47.【答案】Dear Mike， I am glad to hear from you． As you know， during the winter vacation， my parents and I made a short trip to our capital-Beijing． 【高分句型一】It is a modern city with a long history． People there are friendly．（北京历史悠久且充满现代信息，人民友好） We visited many places of interest such as the Great Wall and The Bird's Nest． We tried different kinds of local food． too．（参观了名胜古迹，品尝了当地小吃） I saw many foreigners working or travelling around Beijing，‎ ‎ which is becoming an international city．【高分句型二】（外国人很多，是国际化城市） It attracts people from all over the world． I enjoyed my trip very much． In addition， I am happy to see my country getting stronger and more developed．（你的感想） Looking forward to your coming to China． Best wishes． Yours， Li Hua ‎ ‎【解析】高分句型一： As you know， during the winter vacation， my parents and I made a short trip to our capital-Beijing． 译文：如你所知，寒假期间，我和父母去了首都北京． 分析：as引导非限制性定语从句． 高分句型二：I saw many foreigners working or travelling around Beijing， which is becoming an international city． 译文：我看到许多外国人在北京工作或旅行，北京正在成为一个国际化的城市． 分析：which引导定语从句． 这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来．动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果． ‎