专题01+名词性从句详解-2019年高考英语十大高频考点详解

专题01+名词性从句详解-2019年高考英语十大高频考点详解

‎ ‎ ‎【考点实例】‎ ‎15年海南高考阅读题A篇: ‎ 题目21.Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?‎ A.He got an older model than he had expected.‎ B.He couldn’t return it when it was broken.‎ C.He could have bought it at a lower price.‎ D.He failed to find any movie shows on it.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】细节题 ‎15年海南高考阅读题C篇: ‎ Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student had ship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡‎15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and More students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,”he said.‎ 题目31. How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?‎ ‎ A. He's puzzled. B. He's worried.‎ ‎ C. He's surprised. D. He's annoyed.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【考点精析】‎ 一、 名词是什么？能做什么成分？‎ Dogs are friends.‎ I love dogs.‎ Ace,an English teacher,works very hard.‎ 名词可以做 ， ， ， ，还可以做句子。‎ 主语，宾语，表语和同位语 二、主语从句=引导词+陈述语序 ‎（1）典例引领：‎ He wanted to know _____ the English party. (2010天津中考) ‎ A. when will we have B. when would we have C. when we would have ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】从句用陈述语序 ‎ ‎ 引导词 陈述语序 三大从句之——名词性从句 ‎ ‎ 用从句替代名词 § I know a secret. ——我是名词 § I know that Old Yu has a special kungfu. ——我是从句 ‎ ‎ ‎ § ‎(That Old Yu has a special Kungfu) is true.‎ § I know (that Old Yu has a special Kungfu).‎ § The fact is (that Old Yu has a special Kungfu).‎ § The fact (that Old Yu has a special Kungfu) is true.‎ ‎（2）技能总结：‎ § 名从是一个句子 § 名从是一件事儿 § 名从是一个名词儿 § 名从就是用一个句子 § 表示一件事儿 § 再把它变成一个名词儿 ——名从之歌 ‎（3）知识详解 ‎1.定义：作主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句在系动词/谓语动词之前，有连词衔接。‎ ‎(That the earth goes around the sun) is known to all.‎ That he will come made us happy ‎(Whether Jordan will come) is unknown. 连接词 ‎(Who will come) makes no difference. ‎ What we need is more time. 连接代词 ‎(How this happened) is not clear to anyone.‎ ‎(When we shall have our sports meeting) is still a question. 连接副词 ‎2.形式主语it结构 It's a pity (that) you missed such a good opportunity.‎ It's still a question when we shall buy the new equipment.‎ It's still unknown whether he will come or not.‎ It is said that the president will visit our company.‎ It seems that he has caught a cold.‎ ‎2.1、主语从句常用it作形式主语，真正的主语放在后面，在口语和非正式文体中that可省略 2.2、that位于句首时不能省略. 2.3、who,what,which等代词不能用it作形式主语 ‎2.4形式主语it结构主语从句的常用句型: ‎ ‎ 1) It is + n. +从句 ‎ ‎ It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… ‎ ‎ It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…‎ ‎ It is a fact that… …是事实 ‎ ‎ It is common knowledge that… …是常识 ‎*_______________ (很遗憾)we lost the match. ‎ ‎【答案】 It is a pity/shame that ‎*______________ (这是事实)he cheated in the exam. ‎ ‎【答案】 It is a fact that ‎2) It is + adj. +从句 ‎ ‎ It’s certain that… 肯定… ‎ ‎ It is possible that... 很可能…… ‎ ‎ It is unlikely that... 不可能…… ‎ ‎ It is obvious that… 很明显…‎ ‎ It is necessary important natural... that…‎ ‎*_________________ (很可能)she will come back tomorrow. ‎ ‎【答案】 It is possible that ‎*_________________ (很明显)this measure is effective. ‎ ‎【答案】 It is obvious that ‎3) It +不及物动词+从句 ‎ ‎ It happened that... 碰巧…… ‎ ‎ It occurred to me that…我突然想起…‎ ‎*________________ (刚好)I came into the office at that time.‎ ‎【答案】 It happened that ‎*____________________ (我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.‎ ‎【答案】It occurred to me that ‎4) It + be +过去分词+从句 ‎ It is said that... 据说…… ‎ It is known to all that... 众所周知…… ‎ It is reported that... 据报道…… ‎ It is believed that...据信……;人们相信…… ‎ It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议……‎ It must be admitted that…必须承认…… ‎ It cannot be denied that… 不可否认…… ‎ It must be pointed out that…需指出的是…… ‎ ‎*___________________ (据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. ‎ ‎【答案】It is reported that ‎*______________________ (建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise. ‎ ‎ 【答案】 It is suggested that ‎ ‎ 三、宾语从句 ‎（1）用句子做宾语，且位于谓语或介词之后连词衔接的句子。‎ 1. I thought I heard them say Welcome to the Hotel California。‎ 2. A silly boy always says that there must be a use for my talent.‎ 3. We are talking about whether we can play football now.‎ 4. 特殊宾语从句：Certain,afraid,satisfied,surprised,glad,happy ‎4.1 I am sure I will pass the exam.‎ ‎4.2 I am sorry that I have troubles you so long.‎ ‎4.3 I am aware that I made a mistake. ‎ ‎（2）引导词 ‎ ‎ ‎（3）形式宾语 I find it is difficult to practice speaking English every day I find it difficult to practice speaking English every day I find it difficult that I practice speaking English every day He always takes it for granted that he can pass the exam.‎ that不可省略 ‎（4）宾语从句的语序 I ask how old he was and where he was from.‎ Can you tell me where the toilet is? 陈述语序 Can you tell me what is the matter/what is wrong? 特殊情况 ‎（5）注意 I know you aren’t a doctor and that you want you son to be a doctor in the future. 并列的第二个宾语从句that不可省略。‎ He refused to help me despite the fact that I asked him several times. 介词后不加that引导的从句。‎ ‎ ‎ 四、表语从句 系动词后连词衔接的句子 The fact is that Diaoyu Island origionally belongs to China.‎ That/This/It is because you crossed the line.‎ The reason why he did this is that he loves her.‎ 五、名词性从句中的（连接词）引导词分类 ‎ ‎ 从属连词 连接代词 连接副词 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Whoever did this job must be rewarded.‎ 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 作及物动词宾语 作介词宾语 that 一般不省略 可以省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 whether/if 放于句首时用于whether 用whether/if均可，有区别 用whether 用whether 用whether ‎ ‎ ‎（一）名从=确定的事儿 § 造句方法：直接在句子前面加that § 翻译方法：不看that，直接翻译 ‎(that Li Hui teaches English)‎ ‎(that Old Yu has a special Kung fu)‎ I know…. Old Yu has a special kung fu. （that）‎ 典例：‎ ‎1.It’s good to know ____ the dogs will be cared for while we’re away. ‎ A. what B. whose ‎ C. which D. that ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ___ he could have expressed it differently. (2012北京)‎ A. why B. how ‎ C. that D. whether ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】宾语从句，that无词义不充当从句主要成分。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（二）名从=不确定的事儿 § 造句方法：直接在句子前面加whether/if § 翻译方法：是否…/ …与否 ‎(whether/if Old Yu has a special Kungfu).‎ ‎(whether/if it will rain tomorrow)‎ Idon’t know…Does Old Yu have a special Kungfu? （whether/if）‎ ‎ ‎ whether/if PK技巧 If：只能用于宾语从句、有形式主语it的主语从句（放句中）‎ It is doubtful whether/if he will come here.‎ 且不能后接不定式，不能和or (not)连用，不能用于discuss后的宾语从句…‎ whether：当主语从句位于句首；表语从句；同位语从句；‎ I have no idea whether the meeting will be held.‎ The question is whether the meeting will be held.‎ 总结——两者PK时，先判断能否选whether。‎ 典例：‎ ‎1.（2012湖南）Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ______ you have lived there for a short or a long time. ‎ A. why B. how ‎ C. whether D. when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】whether 引导主语从句后置 ‎2.(2012 天津)It doesn‘t matter ___ you turn right or left at the crossing--both roads lead to the ‎ park. ‎ ‎ A. whether B. how ‎ C. if D. when ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.It doesn‘t matter ______ you pay by cash or credit card in the store.‎ A. how B. whether ‎ B. what D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】whether 引导主语从句后置，因为后面有or得选whether。‎ ‎（三）名从=问题 § ‎(when where why how / who whom which what)‎ ‎ 连接副词 连接代词 ‎【注意】当从句部分缺名词时，用连接代词；当从句部分不缺名词的时候，用连接副词。‎ ‎(What I think of) is unsure. 我想念什么不确定。‎ ‎(When I think of you) is unsure.我何时想你不确定。‎ 造句方法：‎ § Step1：先把中文直译成英语 § Step2：把疑问词提前when where why how who whom which what I don’t know…What kind of Kungfu does Old Yu have? （what）‎ 翻译方法：‎ § Step1：先翻译除引导词以外的部分 § Step2：加入引导词意思 ‎1.when 你什么时候来。‎ à You when come. ‎ à ‎ (when you come)‎ à 你来的那个时间 ‎2.where § 他去了哪儿。‎ à He went where. ‎ à ‎(where he went)‎ à 他去的那个地方 ‎3.why § 你为什么学英语。‎ à You why learn English. ‎ à ‎(why you learn English)‎ à 你学英语的那个原因 ‎4.how § 他怎么回的家。 ‎ à He how went home ‎ à ‎(how he went home)‎ à 他回家的那个方式 ‎5.who § 谁动了我的奶酪。‎ à who moved my cheese. ‎ à ‎(who moved my cheese)‎ à 动了我奶酪的那个人 ‎6.whom § 你想和谁一起去。‎ à you want to go with whom.‎ à ‎(whom you want to go with)‎ à 你想跟着一起去的那个人 ‎7.which § 你想要哪个 ‎ à You want which à ‎(which you want)‎ à 你想要的那个 ‎8.what § 你想说什么 ‎ àYou want to say what.‎ à ‎(what you want to say)‎ à 你想说的那个东西 典例：‎ ‎1.It is not immediately clear _____ the financial crisis will soon be over.‎ A. since B. what C. when D. whether ‎ ‎ ‎2.We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】where引导的宾语从句，表示放置家具的地方 ‎3.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree. ‎ A. why B. where C. what D. how ‎ ‎ ‎4.—What did your parents think about your decision? ‎—They always let me do ______ I think I should do. A. when B. that ‎ C. how D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】宾语从句缺宾语。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【考点总结】‎ 名从：十大引导词 that ：这件事 whether ：是否/…与否.‎ if：是否/…与否.‎ when ：…的那个时候. ‎ Where：… 的那个地方.‎ why：…的那个原因 how：怎样/..的那个方式.‎ who：…的那个人.‎ whom：…的那个人.‎ which：哪个…/…的其中一个.‎ what：什么/…的那个东西.‎ ‎ ‎ That Old Yu has a special kungfu is known to us all.‎ Whether Old Yu has a special kungfu is unknown.‎ When Old Yu learnt the special kungfu is unknown.‎ Where Old Yu learnt the special kungfu is unknown.‎ Why Old Yu learnt the special kungfu is unknown.‎ How Old Yu learnt the special kungfu is unknown.‎ Who has the special Kungfu is unknown.‎ Whom Old Yu learned the Kungfu from is unknown.‎ Which Kungfu Old Yu has is unknown.‎ What kind of kungfu Old Yu has is unknown ‎ ‎ ‎【解题技巧】‎ ‎1、从句缺名词：用“连代”（注意：90%是what）‎ ‎2、从句不缺名词：用“连词”或”连副”；‎ ‎3、确定的事儿：用that ‎4、表“是否/与否”或跟or/or not搭配：用whether/if ‎5、特殊情况时，从句不缺名词也用what/which： what problems / which fruit ‎1.whichwhat可以在从句中“修饰”名词 § 你想要哪个蛋糕。‎ à You want which cake à ‎ (which cake you want)‎ § 你最喜欢哪种水果。 ‎ à you like best what kind of fruit.‎ à ‎ (what kind of fruit you like best)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【实战过关】‎ ‎1.The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ______ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.‎ A. where B. whether ‎ C. that D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】主语从句用whether表是否.‎ ‎2.We can’t figure out ______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.‎ A.that B. as ‎ C. why D. when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】宾语从句why表原因 ‎3.I want to be liked and loved for ____ I am inside.‎ A. who B. where C. What D. how ‎ ‎ ‎4.____ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.‎ A. Whether ‎ B. What C. That D. How ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】主语从句缺宾语，regard sth. as sth.‎ ‎5.I think father would like to know ______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】up to sth.表忙于。。。，宾语从句缺宾语 ‎6.When asked ______ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.‎ A. what B. why ‎ C. whom D. which ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】宾语从句缺宾语 ‎ ‎