【英语】北京市首都师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一下学期结业考试（期末）试题 (解析版)

【英语】北京市首都师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一下学期结业考试（期末）试题 (解析版)

北京市首都师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一下学期结业考试（期末）‎ 英语试题 第I卷（选择题)‎ 一、完形填空 During my junior year of college, I signed up for a volunteer leaching program in Costa Rica. I lived within an inspiringly colorful living quarter which was 1 into a female and male section, along with a kitchen, eating room and conference room. I taught at a school. It was located（位于）within a 2 and every day birds and butterflies flew throughout our school. It was 3 . We were 4 on Costa Rica’s school system, the country, the language and how to 5 a lesson. Additionally, we took part in 6 acclivities lo relax ourselves.‎ The experience was beneficial to my English writing 7 when I got back to college, I began writing. I wrote so much that a piece of my writing about that experience was 8 in Folio’s Literary Magazine. Because of that, I was more 9 to continue working abroad.‎ After 10 , I moved to China for a year and worked in schools to teach reading and writing. It was a life-changing 11 of my life. Not only did I 12 my experiences through a weekly blog, but I began a book. Culture differences 13 me and even consumed me in the beginning, but 14 I fell in love with the people, their schools and their history.‎ Upon 15 to my home, I became a teacher in Trenton, New Jersey. The moment I stepped into the classroom. I could empathize（感同身受）with my 16 . I truly feel volunteering in Costa Rica was where it all 17 and working in China enriched my leaching life. If I could do anything 18 , it might be volunteering or working abroad more before settling down.‎ The 19 I’ve made through volunteering and working abroad are an English major’s dream and I hope that every English major 20 the chance to study or work abroad.‎ ‎1.A.trained B.pulled C.absorbed D.divided ‎2.A.desert B.sea C.forest D.river ‎3.A.beautiful B.boring C.vivid D.shocking ‎4.A.praised B.educated C.interviewed D.commented ‎5.A.choose B.learn C.plan D.attend ‎6.A.legal B.fun C.brief D.safe ‎7.A.because B.unless C.although D.if ‎8.A.exchanged B.read C.rejected D.published ‎9.A.worried B.determined C.Frightened D.relaxed ‎10.A.graduation B.requirement C.operation D.ceremony ‎11.A.shelter B.topic C.move D.conflict ‎12.A.confirm B.gain C.compare D.share ‎13.A.confused B.amuse C.calmer D.excited ‎14.A.easily B.gradually C.strangely D.usually ‎15.A.belong B.pointing C.returning D.referring ‎16.A.volunteers B.classmates C.colleagues D.students ‎17.A.replied B.disappeared C.escaped D.started ‎18.A.correctly B.deliberately C.differently D.strictly ‎19.A.excuses B.discoveries C.preparations D.decisions ‎20.A.jumps at B.stands for C.turns down D.speaks our 二、阅读理解 A Do you want a part-time job to earn some extra money? Check out the list and find one that suits your fancy.‎ TECHNICAL SUPPORT It seems almost everyone has a friend who is a technical genius. Such people earn money using their talent. If you are one of them, you could be responsible for technical support in your college or university and get your part-time job. You can enjoy the process of earning money while doing your favorite thing.‎ TUTOR A lot of students hire a tutor to help them in high school or college. If you are good at some subjects, why not work as a peer tutor? You help your friends and earn money at the same time. If you know foreign languages, you can make more money. All you need to do is to make an ‎ appropriate advertisement of your services using college newspapers. One of the best things about being a tutor is that you can set your hours.‎ FITNESS INSTRUCTOR If your college or university has a fitness center and if you are a sporty person, go and sign up to get this job. You will have an absolute free opportunity to engage yourself in sports. You need to be a good psychologist, because you are going to work with people and it'll be your job to persuade and motivate them to become sporty, healthy and strong. Being a fitness instructor is a perfect position for those who love to help other people and want to make more friends. OFFICE WORKER Nowadays many companies cooperate with college students giving them part-time jobs. Some of the major job duties of an office worker are answering calls and scheduling appointments. If you are interested in doing this job. contact the representatives of different companies to find out if they’re currently hiring anyone.‎ ‎21．If you want to have a flexible schedule while earning some money, which of the following suits you most?‎ A．Technical support B．Tutor C．Fitness instructor D．Office worker ‎22．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．As a part-time office worker. you are responsible for answering emails.‎ B．If you work as a fitness instructor, you should be sporty and sociable.‎ C．If you are good at foreign languages, you are able to earn more as a tutor.‎ D．The four kinds of part-time jobs are intended for college students.‎ ‎23．How can one get a job as a part-time office worker?‎ A．By submitting the application B．Through an online interview C．By advertising on the newspaper D．By contacting the representative of the company B People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.‎ The research team has discovered that subordinate (隶属的)fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding(繁殖) rights within the group, ”explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are non-breeding females, each being 5–10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they keep this size separation.”‎ The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5–10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.‎ It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily，by limiting how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise，the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered，clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.‎ The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.‎ While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical (等级的) societies remain stable.‎ The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive(排他的) to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females’ own ideal.”‎ ‎24．When a goby grows to within 5–10% of the size of its larger competitor, it_______.‎ A．faces danger B．has breeding rights C．eats its competitor D．leaves the group itself ‎25．The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to _______.‎ A．the fish beaten up B．the fish found out C．the fish fattened up D．the fish driven away ‎26．The experiment showed that the smaller fish_______.‎ A．fought over a feast B．went on diet willingly C．preferred some extra food D．challenged the boss fish ‎27．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．Fish dieting and human dieting. B．Dieting and health.‎ C．Human dieting. D．Fish dieting.‎ C Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers responsible for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.‎ ‎“Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the strawberries out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.‎ The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient(短期的) investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been called “quarterly capitalism”.‎ In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities( 股 票 ), quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.‎ In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.‎ Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure(披露) of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.‎ Within companies, the right compensation design can provide motivation for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all shareholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.‎ ‎28．According to Paragraph 1, one reason for imposing the new rule is the _______.‎ A．enhance banker’s sense of responsibility B．help corporations achieve larger profits C．build a new system of financial regulation D．guarantee the bonuses of top executives ‎29．It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be _______.‎ A．indirect B．negative C．favorable D．temporary ‎30．The US and France examples in paragraphs 5 and 6 are used to illustrate_______.‎ A．the obstacles to preventing “short-termism”.‎ B．the significance of long-term thinking.‎ C．the approaches to promoting “long-termism”‎ D．the popularity of short-term thinking.‎ ‎31．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Failure of Quarterly Capitalism B．Patience as a Corporate Virtue C．Decisiveness Required of Top Executives D．Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers D Making beers on the moon might seem like a pipe dream to many, but for a group of students from the University of California at San Diego, there is a chance to take their research beyond Earth’s surface.‎ The Lab2Moon competition, held by TeamIndus, is offering students the chance to secure a spot on the TeamIndus rocket this year.‎ Taking craft beer to the next level, the students want to test whether it’s possible for yeast(酵母) to work and create beer on the moon. However, they believe the experiment is not just a creative concept for astronauts, it’s also important for the development of drugs and yeast-containing food, like bread.‎ ‎“The idea started out with a few laughs among a group of friends,” said Neeki Ashari, a fifth-year bioengineering students at UC San Diego. “We all appreciate the craft beer. When we heard that there was an opportunity to design an experiment that would go up on India’s moonlander, we thought we could combine our hobby with the competition by focusing on the practicality of yeast in outer space.”‎ The preparation work for the beer — up to the stage of adding yeast — will all be done on Earth, and rather than separating the fermentation ( 发酵) and carbonation stage of making beer, the team plans to combine them.‎ This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space.‎ If selected, Team Original Gravity will be the first to make beer in outer space, and the fermentation will take place in a container no bigger than a soda can.‎ All teams competing for the place will showcase their ideas in Bangalore, India, in March.‎ Sadly, you won’t be enjoying moon beer in your local craft beer bar anytime soon, as no samples will be brought back. However, this small experiment could provide important data on just how practical it is for us to make and create our own resources on other planets and moons by learning how consumables (消耗品) behave in different environments.‎ ‎32．How did the students feel when they got the chance to design the experiment ?‎ A．Excited. B．Nervous.‎ C．Confident. D．Casual.‎ ‎33．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 6 refer to?‎ A．The mixing of two stages. B．Adding yeast on Earth.‎ C．The preparation work on Earth. D．Fermentation and carbonation.‎ ‎34．What can we learn about the experiment from the passage?‎ A．It has been designed based on similar experiments.‎ B．It’s quite competitive compared with other designs.‎ C．It’s design has already been approved by TeamIndus.‎ D．Its process was adapted to make it safer and greener.‎ ‎35．What does the author think of the students ’ idea?‎ A．It seems like a pipe dream. B．It’s extremely complicated.‎ C．It’s meaningful and hopeful. D．It’s creative but impractical.‎ 第II卷（非选择题)‎ 三、阅读表达 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。‎ The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled，pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact，the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.‎ As a result，many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage，raising children，professional achievement，religious commitment and self-improvement.‎ Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest，he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun，adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments，but they are not its most distinguishing features.‎ Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three-day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word "fun" to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.‎ Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.‎ ‎36．According to the author，why does a bachelor resist marriage？（no more than 10 words）‎ ‎37．What is the author's opinion on raising children？（no more than 10 words）‎ ‎38．Please explain the underlined word “commitment” in English in Paragraph 3. （no more than 1 word）‎ ‎39．What is the author trying to tell us？（no more than 10 words）‎ ‎40．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？（no more than 20 words）‎ 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Last week European Union leaders 41． (urge) to support re-wilding efforts by environmental activist groups, including the World Wildlife Fund.‎ ‎“Re-wilding” is a conservation effort aimed at returning land 42． its more natural, undeveloped state. This movement is growing in 43． (popular) around the world, especially in cities and towns where lawns (草地) covers most areas. Replacing lawns with diverse native plants can help support wildlife like bees and other insects.‎ Native plants can grow in any conditions so there is no need to introduce foreign plants when there 44． (be) so many other options. Part of the process of re-wilding means 45． (change) the way most people attend to their green spaces. For example, it is not a good idea to clean up your garden 46． (immediate) at the end of the growing season. It is better to leave dead plants as they are. Birds 47． favorite food is seeds appreciate it when you don’t deadhead flowers. Less cutting of plants and grass lets pollinators (授粉者) get to flowers, and 48．(fall) leaf collection should be limited, too. The remains of the garden and lawn provide food and shelter for important insect life.‎ No area is too small, and every space we can leave for nature to blossom (开花) is 49． (value). So you’d better tell neighbors about your re-wilding project, 50． they might misunderstand your effort as simple laziness.‎ 五、提纲类作文 ‎51．假定你是李华，你校将要举办风筝节。请给你的英国朋友Harry写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:‎ ‎1. 活动的时间、地点；‎ ‎2. 活动内容。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 词数100词左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行为连贯。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 六、读后续写 ‎52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something meaningful can also gain special pleasure. When the final bell rang, the students were reminded that there was no school on Monday—the Labor Day. “Enjoy your extra day off,”said the teacher to her class.‎ An extra day of fun suited Kayla just fine. She loved breaks. She wanted to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happily.‎ ‎“How was school, Kayla?” asked her mom.‎ ‎“It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday. ”‎ ‎“You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh?” asked Kayla’s mom with a laugh.‎ Kayla slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rained most of the day, so Kayla enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball for several hours.‎ Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to. But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Kayla that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Kayla couldn’t believe it. This was a holiday. A day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Kayla wiped her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.‎ ‎“Kayla, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let’s get a move on, ”said Kayla’s mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Kayla asked her parents,‎ ‎“Are you serious about working today? Isn’t Labor Day a holiday?”‎ ‎“Yes, Kayla. It is, ”replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place. ”‎ Paragraph1：‎ At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ But things began to change as she was doing the chores.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 七、用所给词的正确形式填空 单句语法填空 ‎53．He got so seriously ill that he had no alternative but ________ (follow) the doctors’ advice.‎ ‎54．________ has caused this severe accident is still a mystery.‎ ‎55．________(stick) in the traffic congestion for 2hours, Jack was late for work this morning.‎ ‎56．We can’t enter the amusement park now as it is still under ________ (construct). It will be open in 2 days.‎ ‎57．The price of diamond rings has risen sharply ________ the price of gold rings has gone down.‎ ‎58．Don’t get ________ (frustrate) with your exam. Study harder, and you will make progress.‎ ‎59．Take mobile phones ________ instance and you can see how our science and technology is advancing at an alarming speed.‎ ‎60．Plants grow better ________ there is much sunshine and water.‎ ‎61．Teenagers are not permitted ________ (smoke) as cigarettes will cause damage to their health.‎ ‎62．I’m sorry that I can’t answer your phone call at 3:00 this afternoon because I ________ (teach) a class at that time.‎ 八、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子 ‎63．Caring for the environment is becoming more and more important as earth’s natural resources ____________.‎ ‎64．Many people ___________ mobile phones too much and when they forget to take the phone one day, they feel uneasy.‎ ‎65．Sometimes you can download music online _____________ but sometimes you have to pay.‎ ‎66．Don’t worry! You will recover _____________ as long as you take the medicines on time.‎ ‎67．I suggested that you do physical exercise to _____________ your anger when you felt annoyed.‎ ‎68．The Students’ Union suggested that we _____________ our used books to the students in the lower grades.‎ ‎69．It is a good idea that we invite a student _____________ the Oxford University to give us a lecture on how to study well.‎ ‎70．Our flight _____________ by the snow for a whole night before we could take off again.‎ ‎71．We should show our respect for those who _____________ by doing some ordinary but great jobs.‎ ‎72．The little girl, who _____________ in a small village, doesn’t like living in the city center where there is no fresh air.‎ 九、汉译英 Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.‎ ‎73．这场经济危机将席卷整个欧洲似乎是在所难免的。(sweep)‎ ‎74．他父母所骄傲的是他用一种全新的方式演绎了整个角色。(pride)‎ ‎75．虽然政府已经对公共场合吸烟下了禁令，但一些吸烟者还是甘愿冒着被罚款的危险。(ban n. / risk n.)‎ ‎76．无论他跺脚，折断指挥棒，还是把乐谱撕得粉碎，指挥都无法从管弦乐队那得到要的效果。(tear)‎ ‎77．正是因为表演特技需要天赋和技巧，才使得一些特技不得不留给专业特技演员。(It 强调句, leave)‎ 十、七选五 Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock.78．Here’s how to make one.‎ ‎● 79．In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.‎ ‎● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 80． That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.‎ ‎● Keep your sleep/ wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating (补偿) on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 81．‎ ‎● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 82． If not, take another look at other methods you could try.‎ A．Get a sleep specialist.‎ B．Find the night motivation.‎ C．A better plan for sleep can help.‎ D．And consider setting a second alarm.‎ E.If the steps you take are working, keep it up.‎ F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.‎ G.Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者在哥斯达黎加的志愿者活动以及旅居在中国时的经验都成为了作者回到祖国后成为老师时宝贵的经验，作者也希望更多学习英语专业的学生能够抓住在国外工作的机会。‎ ‎【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．A ‎【解析】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我住在一个让人精神鼓舞的五彩缤纷的宿舍区，分为女性和男性宿舍，还包括厨房、饭厅和会议室。A. trained训练；B. pulled拉；C. absorbed吸收；D. divided划分；分开。分析文章可知，后文提到了a kitchen, eating room and conference room厨房、饭厅和会议室等不同的区域，说明作者居住的地方又不同的区域划分，且此处是固定词组divide into，意为“把......分成”。故选D。‎ ‎2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校位于森林中，每天都有鸟类和蝴蝶飞过我们学校。A. desert沙漠；B. sea海洋；C. forest森林；D. river河流。分析句子可知，后文提到我们学校附近有蝴蝶和鸟类飞过，由此判断作者的学校应该是在森林里。故选C。‎ ‎3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉非常的美。A. beautiful美好的；美丽的；B. boring无聊的；C. vivid清晰的；生动的；栩栩如生的；D. shocking令人震惊的。每天在鸟语花香的环境中生活是是一件非常美好的事情。故选A。‎ ‎4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们接受了关于哥斯达黎加学校制度、国家、语言和如何规划课程的教育。A. praised赞扬；B. educated教育；C. interviewed采访；D. commented评论。第一段提到“I signed up for a volunteer teaching program in Costa Rica”作者参加了一项志愿者教学计划，因此应该是在学校里接受相关的教育。故选B。‎ ‎5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们接受了关于哥斯达黎加学校制度、国家、语和如何规划课程的教育。A. choose选择；B. learn学习；C. plan计划；规划；D. attend参加。第一段提到“I signed up for a volunteer teaching program in Costa Rica”作者参加了一项志愿者教学计划，因此应该是在学校里接受相关的教育，包括如何规划课程等。故选C。‎ ‎6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另外，我们参加了一些有趣的活动来放松自己。A. legal合法的；B. fun有趣的；C. brief简短的；D. safe安全的。根据后文可知，relax ourselves放松自己可以通过一些很有趣的活动来实现。故选B。‎ ‎7．考查连词辨析。句意：这种经历对我的写作有好处，因为当我回到大学时，我就开始了写作。A. because因为；B. unless除非；C. although尽管；D. if如果。作者参加的教育培训活动与作者在大学时的写作经验之间存在因果关系，因此需选择表示因果关系的连词。故选A。‎ ‎8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我写了非常多的文章，以至于我在《文学》杂志上发表了一篇关于那段经历的文章。A. exchanged交换；B. read阅读；C. rejected排斥；拒收；D. published发表。根据“”Folio’s Literary Magazine.可知，作者写的文章应该是发表在杂志上。故选D。‎ ‎9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正因如此，我更加下定决心继续在国外工作。A. worried焦虑的；B. determined下定决心的；C. frightened惊吓的；感到害怕的；D. relaxed放松的。作者将自己在国外学习工作的经验写成文章发表在杂志上的事情是对自己的一种鼓励，因此坚定了自己继续在国外工作的决心。且此处为固定词组be determined to do sth.，意为“下定决心做某事”。故选B。‎ ‎10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，我移居中国一年，在学校教阅读和写作。A. graduation毕业；B. requirement要求；C. operation操作；手术；D. ceremony仪式；典礼。前文讲述了作者在大学期间参加的志愿教学培训活动，后文讲述了作者在中国工作的情况，由此判断是在作者大学毕业后，故选A。‎ ‎11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对我来讲是改变人生的一个举动。A. shelter庇护所；B. topic主题；C. move举动；D. conflict冲突。根据后文可知，作者移居到中国后不仅再博客上发表文章，还出了自己的书，由此判断作者在中国发展决定是改变了自己人生的一个举动。故选C。‎ ‎12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅在每周博客上分享我的经验，我还开始写书了。A. confirm确认；B. gain获得；C. compare比较；D. share分享。博客是一个网络平台，因此作者可以把自己的经验分享在该平台上。故选D。‎ ‎13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最开始的时候，文化的差异使我非常的困惑，也消耗了我很多精力，但渐渐地，我爱上了这里的人、学校和这里的历史。A. confused使……困惑；B. amuse逗乐；C. calmed使平静；D. excited使兴奋。作者是旅居在中国的外国人，因此肯定会产生文化上的差异，而这种差异肯定会使人产生困惑。故选A。‎ ‎14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最开始的时候，文化的差异使我非常的困惑，也消耗了我很多精神，但渐渐地，我爱上了这里的人、学校和这里的历史。A. easily简单地；B. gradually 渐渐地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. usually通常地。文化上的差异需要不断的学习和融合才能消除，由此判断作者应是逐渐地接受了文化上的差异，并爱上中国的事物。故选B。‎ ‎15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家乡后，我在新泽西州的特伦顿当了一名教师。A. belong属于；B. pointing指向；C. returning返回； D. referring把......提交。前文提到作者旅居中国一年 ，后文提到了作者在Trenton, New Jersey新泽西州的特伦顿成为了一名老师，由此判断作者回到了自己的祖国。故选C。‎ ‎16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我踏进教室时，我可以和我的学生感同身受。A. volunteers志愿者；B. classmates同学；C. colleagues同事；D. students学生。作者回到自己的国家后成为了一名老师，因此在教室内面对的应该是自己的学生。故选D。‎ ‎17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的觉得在哥斯达黎加做志愿者是这一切的开始。A. replied回复；B. disappeared失踪；C. escaped逃跑；D. started开始。前文提到了作者在大学时参加了在哥斯达黎加的志愿者活动，使得作者想要成为一名老师，由此判断这是作者成为老师的起点。故选D。‎ ‎18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我能做任何不同的事情的话，在定居之前，有可能是志愿者活动或者是在国外工作。A. correctly正确地；B. deliberately故意地；C. differently不同地；D. strictly严格地。作者所经历的事情都带给了他不同的经验和感受，而作者在成为一名老师之前，可以有着不同的尝试。故选C。‎ ‎19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所作的志愿者工作和在国外工作的发现是英语专业学生的梦想，我也希望每个英语专业的学生都能有机会去国外学习或者工作。A. excuses借口；B. discoveries发现； C. preparations准备；D. decisions决定。作者参加志愿者活动和在国外工作带给作者不同的感受和发现。故选B。‎ ‎20．考查动词词组辨析。句意：我所作的志愿者工作和在国外工作的发现是英语专业学生的梦想，我也希望每个英语专业的学生都能有机会去国外学习或者工作。A. jumps at立即抓住；B. stands for代表；C. turns down调低；关小；D. speaks out畅所欲言。不管是参加志愿者活动还是去国外工作都是非常好的机会，作者也希望学习英语专业的学生能够抓住这些机会。故选A。‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了业余时间大学生可以从事的四个工作：技术援助，家教，健身教练和办公室职员。‎ ‎【答案】21．B 22．A 23．D ‎【解析】21．细节理解题。根据第2段You help your friends and earn money at the same time. If you know foreign languages, you can make more money.One of the best things about being a tutor is that you can set your hours.（你在帮助你的朋友的同时也赚了钱。如果你懂外语，你可以赚更多的钱。做家教最好的一点就是你可以自己安排时间）可知，如果你想有一个灵活的工作时间，同时又想挣钱，家教最适合你。故选B项。‎ ‎22．细节理解题。根据最后一段Some of the major job duties of an office worker are answering calls and scheduling appointments（办公室职员的一些主要工作职责是接电话和安排预约）可知，办公室职员的主要职责包括接电话和安排预约，不包括回复邮件。故选A项。‎ ‎23．细节理解题。根据最后一段If you are interested in doing this job contact the representatives of different companies to find out if they’re currently hiring anyone（如果你对这份工作感兴趣的话。联系不同公司的代表，看看他们现在是否在招人）可知，如果感兴趣，可以联系公司的代表。故选D项。‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了最新的研究成果——鱼类为什么会节食。‎ ‎【答案】24．A 25．D 26．B 27．D ‎【解析】24．细节理解题。从第三段“Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5–10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.”可知，当鰕虎鱼的体型增长到与更大竞争对手相差不到5-10%时，它就面临被吃掉的危险。故选A。‎ ‎25．词义判断题。由上句“it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group.”中的“being driven away”提示可知，the evicted fish 指的是“被赶走的鱼”故选D。‎ ‎26．推理判断题。从第四段“To their surprise，the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered，clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.”可知，拒绝供给他们额外的食物，而保持小巧，避免打斗。从而可以推断，更小的鱼是心甘情愿地节食地。故选B。‎ ‎27．主旨大意题。从文章中的第一段“Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result.”和最后一段“The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive(排他的) to humans.”及全文可知，文章主要介绍鱼类为什么会节食。故选D。‎ 本文为新闻报道。英国金融法规实施了一条不寻常的规定，让银行家为不良风险负责以及修复公众对金融机构的信任。所有的公司都要做出“长期”投资，为子孙后代建设更强的经济。‎ ‎【答案】28．A 29．B 30．C 31．B ‎【解析】28．细节理解题。根据题干关键词Paragraph 1和one motive in imposing the new rule定位到第一段第三句The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers responsible for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution.这项“clawback”规则的主要目的是让银行家为有害的风险承担责任，并修复公众对金融机构的信任。由此可知，实施新规则的原因是强化银行家的责任感。分析选项：选项A的enhance bankers’ sense of responsibility（增强银行家的责任感）符合题意。干扰项B项help corporations achieve larger profits（帮助公司获得更大的利润）并未提及，是常识性干扰。选项C的build a new system of financial regulation（建立新的金融监管体系）原文并未提及，属于无中生有；选项D的guarantee the bonuses of top executives（保证高层管理人员的奖金）与原文提到的any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years（任何有保证的高管奖金都可能推迟10年），与表述相反，是错误的。综合可知，选A。‎ ‎29．细节理解题。根据题干关键词the influence of transient investment on public companies定位到原文第三段第二句Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. 短暂的投资者，要求公司季度利润高会妨碍公司投资于长期研究或建立客户忠诚度的努力，因此可知“短期投资”的影响是不好的，分析选项B中的“negative”意思是“负面的，消极的”，与原文中的“hinder(阻碍，打扰)”是一致的。因此B符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎30．推理判断题。根据题干关键词US and France examples定位到原文五、六段，第五段为美国的例子（美国延迟发放才上任一年左右的高管绩效津贴，继而促进缓解“短期主义”盛行的现状）和第六段以法国为促进“长期主义”投资采取的方法（法国持股两年以上者拥有更大的选票权）。第六段首句承前启后过渡到Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism”(促进“长期主义”投资还有很多方法)。由此可推断出第五和第六段中以美法为例来说明促进“长期主义”投资的方法。故选C。‎ ‎31．主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章围绕西方国家的金融行业的“短期主义”投资和“长期主义”投资展开，第一段由一项限制高管津贴措施引出话题：促进金融投资的“长期主义的规划”。第二段介绍目前英国“短期主义”投资占主流，是没有耐心（impatience ‎）。第三段介绍“短期主义”的弊端，第四段介绍美国现阶段的“短期主义”投资的愈发盛行。第五段和第六段举例美国缓解“短期主义”投资、法国为促进“长期主义”投资采取的措施，尾段再次呼应首段：点明英国新政府提醒银行家们注重“长期主义”投资，长期的投资需要耐心（patience）。由此可知“耐心是公司的美德”为短文最佳标题。分析选项，可知B选项Patience对应原文形容short temisim（没耐心impatience）和 long temisim(有耐心patience)。而corporate原文多次出现，为本文的关键词，符合最佳选项。而其余三项都不能概括全文，可排除，只有B选项正确，故选B。‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了对许多人来说，在月球上酿造啤酒似乎是天方夜谭，但对于一群来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的学生来说，这是一个将他们的研究带出地球表面的机会。‎ ‎【答案】32．A 33．A 34．D 35．C ‎【解析】32．推理判断题。根据第一段Making beers on the moon might seem like a pipe dream to many, but for a group of students from the University of California at San Diego, there is a chance to take their research beyond Earth’s surface.（对许多人来说，在月球上酿造啤酒似乎是天方夜谭，但对于一群来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的学生来说，这是一个将他们的研究带出地球表面的机会。）由此推断出，当学生们有机会设计实验时，他们感觉很兴奋，故选A。‎ ‎33．词义猜测题。根据上文The preparation work for the beer — up to the stage of adding yeast — will all be done on Earth, and rather than separating the fermentation ( 发酵) and carbonation stage of making beer, the team plans to combine them.可知，啤酒的准备工作——直到添加酵母的阶段——都将在地球上完成，而不是将酿造啤酒的发酵和碳酸化阶段分开，团队计划将它们结合起来。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出。“This”指的是两个过程的混合，故选A。‎ ‎34．推理判断题。根据倒数第四段This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space.（这消除了释放过程中积累的二氧化碳的需要，这可能会导致清洁和安全问题。）由此推断出，我们能从文章中了解到这次实验的生产过程经过了调整，使其更安全、更环保，故选D。‎ ‎35．推理判断题。根据最后一段However, this small experiment could provide important data on just how practical it is for us to make and create our own resources on other planets and moons by learning how consumables (消耗品) behave in different environments.‎ ‎（然而，通过了解消耗品在不同环境中的行为，这个小实验可以为我们提供重要的数据，告诉我们在其他行星和卫星上制造和创造我们自己的资源有多实际。）由此推断出，作者认为这些学生的想法有意义和充满希望，故选C。‎ 本文是一篇议论文，告诉我们没有痛苦不等同于幸福，事实上幸福和痛苦是相伴而生的。‎ ‎【答案】36．Because he is afraid of making a commitment/ taking on family responsibilities.‎ ‎37．It is a rewarding job.‎ It involves pain but leads to happiness.‎ It is not fun but full of joy and happiness.‎ ‎38．Responsibility/ Promise/Devotion.‎ ‎39．Happiness often goes hand in hand with (together with) pain.‎ ‎40．The money spent on fancy clothes and new cars isn’t worth because those things can’t bring us more happiness.‎ ‎【解析】36．根据第三段中的“If he is honest，he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. ”可知，单身汉抵制婚姻是因为他们害怕做出承诺，也就是怕承担家庭责任，故填Because he is afraid of making a commitment/ taking on family responsibilities.‎ ‎37．根据第四段中的“I don't know any parent who would choose the word "fun" to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.”可知，我不知道哪个父母会用有趣来形容抚养孩子，但那些决定不要孩子的夫妇永远不会知道看着孩子成长和陪孩子玩耍的乐趣，由此可知，作者认为抚养孩子虽然没有趣但却充满了幸福和快乐，也就是值得的，故填It is a rewarding job. /It is not fun but full of joy and happiness.‎ ‎38．根据画线词后的“For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun，adventure and excitement. ”可知，承诺是非常痛苦的，单身生活充满了乐趣、冒险和刺激，所以单身汉抵制婚姻是因为他们害怕做出承诺，由此可知画线词词义为“承诺”，故填Responsibility/ Promise/Devotion.‎ ‎39．根据第一段中的“But in fact，the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.”可知，事实恰恰相反，通往幸福的事情里往往包含一些痛苦，由此可知作者想告诉我们幸福和痛苦相伴而生，故填Happiness often goes hand in hand with (together with )pain.‎ ‎40．根据画线部分后的“to increase our happiness now seems pointless.”可知，买新车或时髦的衣服与增加我们的幸福感无关，因而是毫无意义的，由此可知，花在新车和漂亮衣服上的钱并不值得，因为这些东西不能给我们带来更多的幸福，故填The money spent on fancy clothes and new cars isn’t worth because those things can’t bring us more happiness.‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 关于社会现象或观点类的议论文，作者往往会在所列的社会现象或观点后引出自己的观点，而作者的观点往往是通过however, but等具有转折关系的词语引出的，因此要特别注意第一段或最后一段中带有however, but等词的句子，因为这往往是作者的观点，也就是文章主旨，例如本篇第4题，第一段指出很多人认为没有痛苦的生活就等于幸福，如果这样说，那痛苦就等于不幸福，紧接着“But in fact，the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.”表明了作者的观点——事实恰恰相反，通往幸福的事情里往往包含一些痛苦，由此可知作者想告诉我们幸福和痛苦相伴而生，故填Happiness often goes hand in hand with (together with )pain.‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章以欧盟领导人敦促包括世界野生动物基金会(world wildlife fund)在内的环保组织要支持重建野生环境的努力为背景，讲述了重建野生环境的基本过程。‎ ‎【答案】41．urged 42．to 43．popularity 44．are 45．changing 46．immediately 47．whose 48．fallen 49．valuable 50．otherwise ‎【解析】41．考查时态。根据句首last week,可知，事件是发生在过去，时态要用一般过去时。故填urged。‎ ‎42．考查介词。根据固定搭配return sth. to sth.把某物退还给某物。故填to。‎ ‎43．考查名词。空白处前面用了介词in, ，介词后常用动名词或名词。给出词的词性为形容词，所以空白处应用其名词形式。popular的名词形式为popularity。故填popularity。‎ ‎44．考查主谓一致。根据主谓一致规则，there be 结构中，be的形式使用就近原则，即靠近be动词的名词或名词短语是单数，be动词用单数，反之，靠近be动词的名词或名词短语是复数，be也用复数。本句中，be 动词后so many other options.为复数名词，本段的时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用are。故填are。‎ ‎45．考查非谓语动词。固定搭配mean doing sth.意味着做某事。故填changing。‎ ‎46．考查副词。句意：例如，在生长季节结束时立即清理你的花园并不是一个好主意。分析句子可知，本句用了it作形式主语的句式，to clean up your garden为真正的主语。本句中clean up your garden清理花园，其中clean 为动词，修饰动词用副词，故填immediately ‎47．考查定语从句。分析句子可知，　　　7　　　 favorite food is seeds 是一个定语从句，Birds为先行词，关系词在从句中作定语，故填关系代词whose。‎ ‎48．考查非谓语动词。本句空白处和其后的leaf构成修饰关系，根据词汇规则，修饰名词要用形容词。结合文意，此处表示“落叶”，fall的过去分词形式fallen，表示已经落下的，故填fallen。‎ ‎49．考查形容词。分析句子可看出，句中空白处所在的位置在句中作表语，表语常用形容词。故填valuable。‎ ‎50．考查连词。句意：所以你最好告诉你的邻居你的重建野生环境的计划，否则他们会误会你的努力只是懒惰。可以得出，逗号之前讲述你最好告诉邻居你做什么，逗号后的内容为邻居对你的努力的结果的否定评价，所以前后为截然相反的意思，连词otherwise“否则”，符合题意，故填otherwise。‎ ‎51．本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件邀请朋友Harry参加学校的风筝节。‎ ‎【答案】Dear Harry,‎ I’m writing to invite you to celebrate the Kite Festival on our school playground, which will be a feast for your eyes.‎ The festival lasts two days, from April 11 to 12, during which time a wide variety of kites will be on display. Besides, some kite experts will make kites on the spot, so you can get hands-on experience and know about the theory of kite flying. The most exciting moment should be when you are flying kites. Seeing the flying kites in the sky will relax your eyes and clear your mind.‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】第一步：明确要求。本篇书面表达要求考生写一封邮件邀请朋友Harry参加学校的风筝节。题目要求写作内容应包括以下两条要点：1. 活动的时间、地点；2. 活动内容。因此，可将写作分成三段。第一段：说明写信目的。第二段：介绍风筝节的时间、地点及活动内容。第三段：写信常规结尾，盼望回信。‎ 第二步：列关键词。如：Kite Festival，be a feast for your eyes，from···to，on display，on the spot，relax your eyes and clear your mind，Looking forward to等。‎ 第三步：连词成句。根据列出的关键词造句，注意主谓一致，时态语态等语法。‎ 第四步：连句成文。注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，如：Besides，However, Finally。书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 此范文表达流畅，语言优美，内容全面，符合题目要求。其中值得学习的句型有：非限制性定语从句。I’m writing to invite you to celebrate the Kite Festival on our school playground, which will be a feast for your eyes. 动名词短语作主语。Seeing the flying kites in the sky will relax your eyes and clear your mind.‎ ‎52．【答案】Paragraph1：‎ At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents’plan for the holiday. How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan from the bottom of her heart, but she had no choice. First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath. She knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work. She has began the work with great unwillingness.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ But things began to change as she was doing the chores. Brushing the puppy, she found it was a lot of fun with so many soap bubbles. Then it was on to yard work where Kayla helped to pick up sticks. She pretended the small sticks were basketballs, and shot them into a large trash can. So the work was done with great pleasure. Kayla felt proud to see how much better the yard looked. When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house. The lemonade tasted wonderful after a hard day of work.‎ ‎【解析】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Kayla，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Kayla不明白，父亲告诉她这么做是为了让她明白劳动节的由来。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：一开始，Kayla对父母的假期计划感到失望。所以后文应该是讲述Kayla内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Kayla做家务的经过。第二段开头是：但随着她开始做家务，情况开始发生变化。本段应该写Kayla在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。‎ 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：play with, be against, have no choice, pick up等高级词汇；How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends!运用了感叹句；When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house.运用了时间状语从句等高级句式。‎ ‎【答案】53．to follow 54．What 55．Stuck/Having been stuck 56．construction 57．while 58．frustrated 59．for 60．where 61．to smoke 62．will be teaching ‎【解析】53．考查固定搭配。句意：他病得很重，以至于他除了听从医生的劝告外别无选择。固定搭配have no alternative but to do sth.，意为“除了做某事外别无选择”，应用to follow。故填to follow。‎ ‎54．考查主语从句连接词。句意：什么造成了这次严重的事故仍然是个谜。____ has caused this severe accident是主语从句，缺乏连接词，此空在从句中作主语，意为“什么”，应用连接词what，首字母大写。故填What。‎ ‎55．考查过去分词/现在分词完成式的被动。句意：杰克在交通堵塞中困了2个小时，今天早上上班迟到了。句子已有谓语was late for且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，首字母要大写，主语Jack和动词stick是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，即Stuck；或者，因为stick此动作发生在谓语was late for此动作之前，所以用现在分词完成式的被动（having been done），即Having been stuck。故填Stuck/Having been stuck。‎ ‎56．考查固定搭配。句意：我们现在不能进入游乐园，因为它还在建设中。两天后就开放了。固定搭配under construction，意为“在建设中”。故填construction。‎ ‎57．考查连词。句意：钻戒的价格急剧上涨，然而金戒指的价格却下降了。前后两句表对比关系，应用连词while（然而）。故填while。‎ ‎58．考查形容词。句意：不要对你的考试感到沮丧。努力学习，你会进步的。get是系动词，后接形容词作表语，此处指人感到沮丧，应用修饰人的-ed形容词frustrated，而不是修饰事物的-ing形容词frustrating。故填frustrated。‎ ‎59．考查固定搭配。句意：以手机为例，你可以看到我们的科学技术正以惊人的速度发展。固定搭配take sth. for instance，意为“以……为例”。故填for。‎ ‎60．考查连词。句意：有充足阳光和水的地方，植物生长得更好。此句表地点，用where引导地点状语从句。故填where。‎ ‎61．考查固定搭配。句意：青少年不被允许吸烟，因为香烟会损害他们的健康。固定搭配be not permitted to do sth.，意为“不被允许做某事”，所以用to smoke。故填to smoke。‎ ‎62．考查时态。句意：很抱歉，今天下午3点我不能接你的电话，因为我那时正要上课。由句意可知，at 3:00 this afternoon是将来时，这个时间点说话人正要在上课，所以用将来进行时（will be doing），表将来某一时刻或某一阶段内将/正要发生的动作。故填will be teaching。‎ ‎【答案】63．are running out 64．rely on 65．free of charge 66．in no time 67．get rid of 68．give away 69．graduating from 70．had been held up/was held up 71．earn their living 72．was brought up ‎【解析】63．考查固定短语和时态。句意：爱护环境变得越来越重要，因为地球的自然资源即将耗尽。分析句子结构，所填词在句子中是谓语动词；根据句意，应是动词短语 run out，意思为“耗尽，用光”；从句“地球的自然资源即将耗尽”是表示将来的动作，，run out用现在进行时be running out 表示一般将来时；主语是earth’s natural resources是复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are running out。‎ ‎64．考查固定短语。句意：许多人太依赖手机，当他们有一天忘记带手机，他们就感到不安。分析句子结构，所填词在句子中是谓语动词；根据句意，应是动词短语 rely on，意思为“依靠，依赖”；句子叙述的是一般情况，因此用一般现在时。故填rely on。‎ ‎65．考查固定短语。句意：有时你可以在网上免费下载音乐，但有时你必须付费。根据“sometimes you have to pay”可以推断，所填词应是短语 free of charge，意思为“免费地”。故填free of charge。‎ ‎66．考查固定短语。句意：别担心!只要按时服药，你很快就会康复的。根据句意，所填词应是短语 in no time，意思为“立刻，马上”。故填in no time。‎ ‎67．考查固定短语。句意：我建议你在生气的时候，进行体育锻炼来消除你的愤怒。根据句意，所填词应是动词短语 get rid of，意思为“摆脱，除去”；此处不定式作目的状语，后面应接动词原形。故填get rid of。‎ ‎68．考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意：学生会建议我们把用过的书赠送给低年级的学生。分析句子结构，所填词在句子中是谓语动词；根据句意，应是动词短语 give away，意思为“赠送，馈赠”；suggest后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”，此处省略should，用动词原形。故填give away。‎ ‎69．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：我们邀请一位牛津大学的毕业生来给我们做一个关于如何学习好的演讲，这是个好主意。根据句意，所填词应是短语graduate from，意思为“毕业于”；分析句子结构，graduate from在句中作后置定语；a student 和graduate之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。故填graduating from。‎ ‎70．考查固定短语、时态和语态。句意：我们的航班因大雪延误了整整一夜，我们才能再次起飞。分析句子结构，所填词在句子中是谓语动词；根据句意，应是动词短语 hold up ，意思为“阻碍，耽搁”；句子叙述的是过去的事情，可用一般过去时；句子主语our flight 和hold up之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；因此可用一般过去时的被动语态； hold是不规则变化动词，过去分词为held。因此可以填was held up；从句before we could take off again是一般过去时，主句的动作“航班被耽搁”发生在从句动作之前，是“过去的过去”，因此也可以用过去完成时的被动语态had been held up。故填had been held up/was held up。‎ ‎71．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们应该尊重那些通过做一些平凡但伟大的工作来谋生的人。分析句子结构，所填词在句子中是谓语动词；根据句意，应是动词短语 earn one’s living ，意思为“谋生”；句子叙述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；定语从句的先行词是those，因此one’s相应地用形容词性物主代词their。故填earn their living。‎ ‎72．考查固定短语、时态和语态。句意： 这个小女孩在一个小村庄长大，她不喜欢住在没有新鲜空气的市中心。分析句子结构，所填词在句子中是谓语动词；根据句意，应是动词短语 bring up，意思为“教育，养育”；定语从句“小女孩在一个小村庄长大”是过去的动作，因此用一般过去时；主语the little girl和bring up 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；因此用一般过去时的被动语态；bring是不规则变化动词，过去分词为brought。故填was brought up。‎ ‎【答案】73．It seems to be inevitable that the economic crisis will sweep across the Europe.‎ ‎74．What his parents take pride in is that he interprets the role in a brand new way.‎ ‎75．Although the government has put a ban on smoking in public , several smokers would rather take the risk of being punished.‎ ‎76．No matter whether he stamped, broke the baton or tore the music score to pieces, the conductor still can’t get what he wanted from the orchestra at all.‎ ‎77．It’s because stunt performance needs skill and talent that some stunts have to be left to stunt professionals.‎ ‎【解析】73．考查主语从句和形式主语it。分析句子可知，“这场经济危机将席卷整个欧洲”在句中作主语，是主语从句，用连词that引导。从句主语是the economic crisis，根据句意可知，从句中谓语动词sweep需用一般将来时will sweep，从句状语为across the Europe。主句谓语动词根据句意需用一般现在时seems，表语为to be inevitable ‎。考虑到句子的平衡，将主语从句后置时，需用it作形式主语。故翻译为：It seems to be inevitable that the economic crisis will sweep across the Europe。‎ ‎74．考查主语从句和表语从句。分析句子可知，“他父母所骄傲的”在句中作主语，是主语从句，从句中缺失宾语，且指物，需用连接代词what，主语从句中的主语是his parents, 根据句意可知，主语从句中的谓语动词需用一般现在时take pride in。“他用一种全新的方式演绎了整个角色”在句中作表语，是表语从句，不缺少成分，句意完整，需用连词that，表语从句中的主语是he，根据句意可知，谓语动词需用一般现在时interprets，宾语是the role，状语是in a brand new way。故翻译为：What his parents take pride in is that he interprets the role in a brand new way。‎ ‎75．考查状语从句和动词词组。分析句子可知，“虽然政府已经对公共场合吸烟下了禁令”在句中作状语，用从属连词Although意为“虽然”，表示让步关系，从句中的主语是the government，从句谓语动词“对……下了禁令”需用动词词组“put a ban on”，根据句意可知，从句谓语动词需用现在完成时has put a ban on,从句宾语是smoking in public。主句主语是several smokers，根据句意“甘愿冒险”，需在动词词组“take the risk of”前添加情态动词would rather构成主句谓语，宾语为being punished。故翻译为：Although the government has put a ban on smoking in public , several smokers would rather take the risk of being punished。‎ ‎76．考查状语从句和宾语从句。分析句子可知，“无论他跺脚，折断指挥棒，还是把乐谱撕得粉碎”在句中作状语，用no matter whether引导让步状语从句，从句中主语是he，从句谓语动词根据句意表示已经发生的动作，需使用一般过去时，故分别是stamped，broke和tore，是并列关系，其中broke后接宾语the baton，tore后接宾语the music score和宾补 to pieces。主句主语是the conductor，主句谓语动词是“无法得到”can’t get，“他从管弦乐队那要的效果”作宾语，是宾语从句，宾语从句中缺失宾语，需用连接代词what，宾语从句主语是he，谓语动词根据句意表示已经发生的动作，需使用一般过去时，故为wanted，状语是from the orchestra。故翻译为：No matter whether he stamped, broke the baton or tore the music score to pieces, the conductor still can’t get what he wanted from the orchestra at all。‎ ‎77．考查强调句和状语从句。分析句子可知，“正是……”需用强调句句型“It +be动词+被强调部分+that+其他。”根据句意表达的是一种客观陈述，强调句中be动词需用一般现在时is，被强调部分是“因为表演特技需要天赋和技巧”，在句中作原因状语从句，从句中的主语是stunt performance，从句中谓语动词是needs，宾语是skill and talent。其他成分是“一些特技不得不留给专业特技演员”，主句主语是some stunts，谓语动词是leave ‎，和主语之间是被动关系，需使用被动结构be left，根据句意需在谓语动词be left前加情态动词have to，主句宾语为stunt professionals。故翻译为It’s because stunt performance needs skill and talent that some stunts have to be left to stunt professionals。‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助人们制定计划调节生物钟，确保起床不再是一件令人头痛的事情。‎ ‎【答案】78．C 79．B 80．G 81．F 82．E ‎【解析】78．空前句意：事实上，早起容易的关键在于你的生物钟。空后句意：这里是如何制作一个。故这里C（一个更好的睡眠计划是有帮助的。）符合上下文，故选C。‎ ‎79．本段内容是建议人们要先确定为什么要早起，早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的动机是什么。由此推断B（找到合适的动机。）可以概括本段中心。故选B。‎ ‎80．根据下句内容可知，作者建议人们买一个可以定时的咖啡机，这样可以节约15分钟的喝咖啡时间，能够多睡15分钟，文中的a quarter-hour 和选项中的15 minutes呼应，是信息提示词。故选G(重新考虑你在咖啡馆排队15分钟买咖啡。)故选G。‎ ‎81．根据段落小标题可知，本段是建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，由此推断Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.（无论哪天，坚持你设置的睡觉和起床时间。）和本段标题意思相同。故选F。‎ ‎82．下句建议人们如果这样做没作用的话就尝试新的办法，由此推断该空与If not对应，提出如果有效果的话如何去做。故选E（如果你采取的措施有作用的话，就要坚持。）故选E。‎