四川省宜宾市2020届高三上学期第一次诊断测试英语试题

四川省宜宾市2020届高三上学期第一次诊断测试英语试题

宜宾市高2017级第一次诊断测试 英 语 ‎(考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分)‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.‎ What do the speakers need to buy?‎ A. A fridge B. A few chairs. C. A dinner table.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: What do you think we need to buy for our new kitchen?‎ M: We’ve got a fridge and a dinner table already. We need some chairs.‎ ‎2.‎ Where are the speakers?‎ A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a school.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I’d like to stay two nights, please.‎ W: Do you want full board or half board?‎ M: What’s the difference?‎ W: Full board includes all meals, and half board includes just breakfast and dinner.‎ ‎3.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What does the woman mean?‎ A. Cathy won’t be invited. B. Cathy is sure to come. C. Cathy will be invited.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Shouldn’t we invite Cathy to the party tonight?‎ W: Invite Cathy? She is the one who is planning the whole thing.‎ ‎4.‎ Why does the woman plan to go to town?‎ A To pay her bills in the bank.‎ B. To buy books in a bookstore.‎ C. To get some money from the bank.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Did you say you were driving to town this morning?‎ W: Yes. I have to draw some money from the bank to pay my bookstore bills.‎ ‎5.‎ What is the woman trying to do?‎ A. Finish some writing. B. Print an article. C. Find a newspaper.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: What are you working on so hard?‎ W: An article for the newspaper. If I’m late, it won’t get printed until next week.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题， 每题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. What is the man doing?‎ A. Changing seats on the plane.‎ B. Asking for a window seat.‎ C. Trying to find his seat.‎ ‎7. What is the woman’s seat number?‎ A. 6A B. 7A C. 8A ‎【答案】6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Excuse me. I think you are in my seat.‎ W: Sorry, but it says 7A on my boarding card.‎ M: Oh, um… right. I asked for a window seat, you see.‎ W: Yeah, so did I. What’s your seat number?‎ M: Let’s see. Oh, it’s 8A.‎ W: So I guess you are in the seat behind me.‎ M: Oh, yes. Sorry about that.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. Why doesn’t the woman take the green T-shirt?‎ A It’s too small. B. It’s too dark. C. It’s too expensive.‎ ‎9. What does the woman buy in the end?‎ A. A yellow T-shirt. B. A blue T-shirt. C. A pink T-shirt.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Can I help you?‎ W: Yes. How much are these T-shirts?‎ M: They are 12 dollars 50 each.‎ W: I like the green one, but it isn’t big enough. Have you got a larger size?‎ M: Just a minute. No, I’m sorry, we haven’t. What about the black one?‎ W: No, it’s too dark. I prefer something lighter, yellow or pink.‎ M: How about the pink one?‎ W: Yes. That’s nice. I’ll take it.‎ M: That’s 12 dollars 50 then, please.‎ W: Here you are.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎10. How long has the man been in London?‎ A. One year. B. A few years. C. A couple of months.‎ ‎11. Why did the woman leave her hometown?‎ A. To lead a city life. B. To open a restaurant. C. To find a job.‎ ‎12. Where did the woman come from?‎ A. London. B. Arnside. C. Lancaster.‎ ‎【答案】10. B 11. C 12. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: So how long have you been living in London?‎ M: Umm… a couple of years. How long have you been working here?‎ W: Only a few months. I moved down here for the job. There was no work for me where I came from.‎ M: Where did you come from then?‎ W: I came from a small village called Arnside, near Lancaster a year ago. Umm… there was nothing to do there, so I moved to London.‎ M: Do you enjoy working here in this restaurant?‎ W: Very much so.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题 ‎13. What is a daypack?‎ A. box. B. A bag. C. A lock.‎ ‎14. What surprises the girl at school?‎ A. A lot of discussions in class.‎ B. Teachers giving little homework.‎ C. Few students asking questions in class.‎ ‎15. At what time of the term might the conversation take place?‎ A. At the end of it. B. In the middle of it. C. At the beginning of it.‎ ‎16. What do we know about the girl?‎ A. She is new to the school.‎ B. She seldom asks questions in class.‎ C. She writes for the school newspaper.‎ ‎【答案】13. B 14. C 15. C 16. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I’m sure you’ve noticed a lot of things that are different about our school.‎ W: Oh, yes. In the United States, we don’t have to carry a big school bag with us like you do.‎ M: Why is that?‎ W: We have a locker of our own which is a small box with a lock. We keep textbooks and our personal things in it. I just bring a daypack to school.‎ M: A daypack?‎ W: Yes. It’s a small bag that you carry on your back.‎ M: What do you carry in it?‎ W: My notebooks or a few books for homework.‎ M: That’s convenient. Is there anything else you’ve noticed about our school?‎ W: Yes. I am surprised that everyone is so silent in class.‎ M: What do you mean?‎ W: Well, we usually ask questions about exams, homework or textbooks on the first day of the school year. The teacher likes such questions.‎ M: So you felt it different?‎ W: Yes. I expected to see a lot of discussions in class because we learn that way in the United States.‎ M: I see. That will be a good topic for our school newspaper for the first month of ‎ the term. Nice talking with you. See you around. Bye!‎ W: Bye!‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. What does this text mainly talk about?‎ A. North America. B. Pets. C. Health.‎ ‎18. What are the two most popular pets?‎ A. Dogs and cats. B. Dogs and birds. C. Birds and fish.‎ ‎19. Why are people with pets healthier than those without pets?‎ A. Because pets can make people feel good.‎ B. Because pets are healthier than human beings.‎ C. Because people with pets may often feel lonely.‎ ‎20. How do people treat their pets in North America?‎ A. They treat their pets like friends.‎ B. They don’t let their pets sleep in their beds.‎ C. They treat them like members of their own family.‎ ‎【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】Today I’d like to share some interesting facts with you about pets in North America. First of all, does anyone know how many families have pets? If you say 60%, you are right! Sixty percent of families have at least one pet. What about the most popular pets? I believe most of you already know the answer—dogs. In fact, dogs and cats are the two most popular pets. Other popular pets are birds and fish. Some people have all of them.‎ Now let’s talk about how pets help their owners. You probably know that people help pets. They feed them and take care of them. But do you know pets help their owners feel good? People who don't have pets often feel lonely, especially older people. Pets can also be helpful to people’s health. It’s true! People with pets are healthier than those without pets.‎ Finally, I’ll tell you that people in North America treat their pets like members ‎ of their own family. Many people let their pets sleep in their beds. And sometimes the owners carry a picture of their pets with them!‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The Garden of Dreams was the peaceful site in Kathmandu, Nepal. The four-acre Garden of Dreams was designed by landscape architect Kishore Narshingh. Most especially, the site was characterized by six pavilions, which symbolized the “six seasons” of Nepal: spring, early summer, the summer monsoon season, early autumn, late autumn, and winter. In its most powerful time, the garden was considered one of the most remarkable feats of landscape design in the country.‎ Today, visitors will only find three pavilions on just over an acre of land, but the 74,000 square-foot space remains a fresh and green attraction. Through the garden’s original gates are pretty and old-fashioned fountains and ponds, isolated gardens of varying sizes, and the Kaiser Café Restaurant & Bar. Pathways are lined with grass, trees, and flowers from all over the world.‎ While the Garden of Dreams has been transformed into a public space, it remains a quiet and peaceful escape in the center of Kathmandu, and a popular hangout for sunbathers, wanderers, residents, and tourists alike.‎ Know Before You Go The Garden of Dreams is open daily from 9 a.m. until 10 p.m. It’s located in the Kaiser Mahal complex in the busy Thamel neighborhood of Kathmandu. Admission to the garden costs Rs. 200 per person for tourists and Rs. 100 for Nepali residents. Wifi is available throughout the garden for Rs. 50 an hour.‎ ‎21. Which item can tourists enjoy in the Garden of Dreams now?‎ A. Six seasons there.‎ B. A feast with plentiful meals.‎ C. Beautiful gardens of different sizes.‎ D. Fishing in the pretty and old-fashioned ponds.‎ ‎22. What is the admission for a local of Nepal and a foreign tourist?‎ A. Rs.350. B. Rs.300. C. Rs.200. D. Rs.100.‎ ‎23. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. A Trip to Nepal B. The Garden of Dreams C. Nepal, A Beautiful Country D. A Country with Six Seasons ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。文章描述了尼泊尔首都加德满都的梦想花园。介绍了花园的特点、建造者、花园布置的细节以及花园的开放时间、票价等信息。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的“isolated gardens of varying sizes”可知，花园里有许多独立的不同大小的花圃。结合选项，可知选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Admission to the garden costs Rs. 200 per person for tourists and Rs. 100 for Nepali residents. ”可知，一位外国游客需要200卢比，一位当地人需要100卢比。所以一个当地尼泊尔人和一位外国有空总共需要花费300卢比，故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了尼泊尔的梦想花园的相关信息。没有对尼泊尔的旅行介绍，尼泊尔国家进行介绍，也没有对六个季节做展开的描写。故B项是最佳标题。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题要仔细阅读题干，不要大意。综合性的细节题逐渐成为趋势，即不是直接考文章内的细节，而是需要对找到的细节进行再加工。例如第2题：需要注意题干问的是两位游客的门票价格，而且是一位游客和一位当地人。要求学生对从文章中找到的关于门票价格的细节进行二次处理。‎ B Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age was H.A.W. Tabor. His history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Perhaps he was lured ‎ by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. A few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch. “Great deposits of lead(铅) are sure to be found here.” he said.‎ Tabor opened a store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco. It was his custom to “grubstake” miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies while they looked for ore (矿石), in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.‎ One day in 1878, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were continued, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time won’t make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked wasteland on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1,300,000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.‎ Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine for $117,000. This turned out to be even more incredible than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35,000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became vice-governor of the state.‎ ‎24. Tabor went to Colorado ________.‎ A. to seek fortune B. to sell supplies C. to open a mine company D. to look for ore ‎25. What is Tabor’s custom in his shop?‎ A. Sharing wasteland with miners.‎ B. Helping the miners to look for ore.‎ C. Supplying everything to miners for free.‎ D. Exchanging items for minerals interests with miners.‎ ‎26. Why didn’t Tabor give up the “grub” with the two miners?‎ A. Because he was specialized in business.‎ B. Because they insisted on making a deal with him.‎ C. Because the other customers prevented him then.‎ D. Because he had earned too much money before.‎ ‎27. What is the intention of the passage?‎ A. To introduce Tabor’s successful experience.‎ B. To encourage people to start a business.‎ C. To discuss Tabor’s life planning.‎ D. To tell of the gold rush.‎ ‎【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 H.A.W. Tabor通过向矿工提供生活物资供应换取股份，从而发家的故事。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段“Perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines.”“Great deposits of lead(铅) are sure to be found here.” he said.以及第二段的“in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.”可知，Tabor被传言吸引，认为在科罗拉多会发现大量的铅。虽然他向矿工提供生活物资，但目的是为了换取股份。所以，他去矿场的目的是挣钱，而不是去卖东西。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段“It was his custom to “grubstake” miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies while they looked for ore (矿石), in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.”可知，Tabor商店的风俗是在矿工寻找矿石的时候为他们提供生活物品，作为回报，Tabor可以得到一部分被发现的矿。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段“These were continued, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time won’t make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers.‎ ‎ ”可知，两个矿工想买东西，但Tabor太忙了，没有时间和他们理论， Tabor说“你们自便，多卖一次也不会有什么不同。”结合选项，可知两个矿工坚持要买东西。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章讲述了Tabor通过在矿场卖生活物品，和矿工交换矿场份额，逐步积累扩大财富的故事。B：鼓励人们开始做生意；C：讨论Tabor的人生计划；D：讲述了淘金。BD选项文章没有提到，C项范围过大，文章并没有讲整个人生的计划。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨大意题的模糊选项通常有以下几种：范围扩大，范围错小，文中没有提到。在选择选项的时候可以根据选项对文章进行反证。即，先根据各选项构思篇章结构，哪个结构和文章结构一致或重合度最大，就选哪个选项。例如第4题，C项提到人生计划。如果是人生计划应该写的是从小到老的计划。A项讲成功的经历，指的某一次经历。所以A更符合题意。‎ C Some developed countries in the world have begun to shorten working hours. Japan, on the other hand, has been in the culture of overwork. The problem is so severe that the country has even created a term for it: karoshi, which means death by overwork from stress-induced illnesses or severe depression. If the system of four-day workweek is tested in Japan, what will happen?‎ A growing number of smaller companies are adopting a four-day workweek. Now the results of a recent trial at Microsoft (MSFT) suggest it could work even for the biggest businesses.‎ The company introduced a program this summer in Japan called the “Work Life Choice Challenge,” which shut down its offices every Friday in August and gave all employees an extra day off each week.‎ The results were promising: While the amount of time spent on work was cut dramatically, productivity — measured by sales per employee — went up by almost 40% compared to the same period the previous year, the company said in a statement last week.‎ In addition to reducing working hours, managers urged the staff to cut down on the time they spent in meetings and responding to emails.‎ They suggested that meetings should last no longer than 30 minutes. Employees were also encouraged to cut down on meetings altogether by using an online messaging ‎ app (Microsoft’s, of course).‎ The effects were widespread. More than 90% of Microsoft’s 2,280 employees in Japan later said they were impacted by the new measures, according to the company. By shutting down earlier each week, the company was also able to save on other resources, such as electricity.‎ ‎28. Why is the idea four-day workweek tested in Japan?‎ A. Because overwork has caused serious problems.‎ B. Because the offices must be shut down on Friday.‎ C. Because the staff can get extra days to rest easily.‎ D. Because smaller companies have taken the measure.‎ ‎29. What’s the result of adopting a four-day workweek?‎ A. It is a waste of energy.‎ B. The workers earned less money.‎ C. The working efficiency increases greatly.‎ D. Japan’s unemployment rate is barely rising.‎ ‎30. How can the time the staff spent on meetings be reduced?‎ A. By cancelling meetings.‎ B. By using emails to respond.‎ C. By cutting down working hours.‎ D. By using a certain online messaging app.‎ ‎31. What is the staff’s attitude to the new measures?‎ A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Critical. D. Indifferent.‎ ‎【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日本微软公司采用一周四天工作日的政策后，雇员的工作效率大幅提高，收到良好效果。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Japan, on the other hand, has been in the culture of ‎ overwork. The problem is so severe that the country has even created a term for it: karoshi, which means death by overwork from stress-induced illnesses or severe depression.”可知，日本一直处于过度工作的文化中。这个问题是如此严重，以至于国家甚至为它创造了一个术语：过劳死，这意味着过度工作导致的疾病或严重的抑郁症死亡。所以四天工作制在日本被测试，故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The results were promisingwent up by almost 40% compared to the same period the previous year, ”可知，结果是很乐观的，雇员的工作效率相比之前同期增长了40%。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Employees were also encouraged to cut down on meetings altogether by using an online messaging app. ”可知，雇员被鼓励减少会议时间是通过使用一种线上消息应用程序。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第一段“More than 90% of Microsoft’s 2,280 employees in Japan later said they were impacted by the new measures”可知，大部分雇员被新措施影响。从前文可知这些影响包括减少工作时间和会议时间，提高生产率，所以影响是积极的。A．Supportive.鼓励的，支持的；B．Negative.否定的；C．Critical.批评的 ；D．Indifferent.漠不关心的。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题可根据题干直接定位出题的句子或段落，节省阅读时间。例如第二题，可根据result得知问的是新政策的结果。文章第四段开头可以找到result。由此可知答案出现在第四段。‎ D SYDNEY —Australian scientists have designed a system which uses microwaves to break down plastic into an environmentally friendly by-product.‎ Head of Electrical Engineering at Australia’s James Cook University, Prof. Mohan Jacob revealed on Thursday that by using microwaves, plastic waste can be converted into biochar(生物炭), charcoal that can be used as a soil conditioner.‎ ‎“We are developing a processing room, which could process many kinds of plastic materials, up to 5 kilograms of waste,” Jacob said. “It will be a typical example ‎ system for the development of biochars from different types of plastics under various conditions.” Jacob explained that microwave energy is used to heat the plastic waste above 600 degrees centigrade within the custom-made room, where it ends up as a biochar, which can then be used to improve the properties of soil.‎ Currently underway is step one of the project, testing the room, after which, step two will involve improving the energy efficiency of the system and maximizing the yield of by-products. If all goes to plan, step three will be to construct a medium scale waste processing system which is customizable and can be installed remotely.‎ Jacob said that with the average person using 130 kg of plastic every year, there is an urgent need for developing better ways of processing it.‎ ‎“Perhaps contrary to popular opinion, plastic is an indispensable material in modern life. It is cheap, competent, lightweight, and has many benefits like maintaining food quality and safety and preventing waste,” he said.‎ However, “abandoned plastics endanger our marine wildlife, and have begun to enter the food chain. There is an urgent need for developing technologies to recover plastic waste.”‎ ‎32. How does the system function?‎ A. Microwaves are used to produce plastic.‎ B. Plastic waste is heated in the microwaves.‎ C. Plastic waste is cut into pieces and buried into the soil.‎ D. Microwaves change plastic waste into biochar by heating.‎ ‎33. Which statement is true according to Jacob?‎ A. Plastic consumption now is acceptable.‎ B. Plastic should be abandoned in our life.‎ C. The system of processing plastic has come into use.‎ D. Finding better ways to deal with plastic waste is urgent.‎ ‎34. What does “recover” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. Make up for a loss in time.‎ B. Find or regain lost possession.‎ C. Extract or recycle an energy source for reuse.‎ D. Return to a normal state of health, mind or strength.‎ ‎35. What does the passage mainly tell about?‎ A. 3 steps of processing plastic waste.‎ B. A way of producing plastic products easily.‎ C. A new system of breaking down plastic waste.‎ D. A program designed for plastic use in the daily life.‎ ‎【答案】32. D 33. D 34. C 35. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是澳大利亚的科学家通过微波将塑料变成可利用的产品，从而减少环境污染。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“by using microwaves, plastic waste can be converted into biochar”可知，通过使用微波，塑料垃圾可以被转化为生物炭。选项AC在文中没有提到，选项B虽然提到了微波，但heated加热在文中也没提到。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段“abandoned plastics endanger our marine wildlife, and have begun to enter the food chain. There is an urgent need for developing technologies to recover plastic waste.”可知，废弃塑料破坏了海洋生物并进入到了食物链。发展可以处理塑料垃圾技术的需求变得急迫。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据前文可知，科学家通过微波提取了塑料的副产品，使塑料得到了再利用。A．及时弥补损失；B．找到或重新得到失去的东西；C．提取或再利用一种能源；D．将健康、思想和身体返回到正常水平。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段“a system which uses microwaves to break down plastic”可知，文中介绍了一种使用微波降解塑料的系统。在其后几段中，分别介绍了该系统的进展、实验步骤以及科学家对塑料回收的态度。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】做主旨大意题，要重点关注文章的首段末段，以及各段首句末句。一般总结性的话会出现在这些地方。例如第四题，从第一段“a system which uses microwaves to break down ‎ plastic”就能大概知道本文具体内容。从第三段首句“We are developing a processing room, which could process many kinds of plastic materials,”第四段首句“Currently underway is step one of the project, testing the room, after which, step two”第六段首句“Perhaps contrary to popular opinion”可知，全篇都是对第一段的具体展开说明。‎ 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ A sea of decisions stretches before us and have a larger impact on our lives. We’re attacked with so many decisions that it’s impossible to make a perfect choice every time. However, there are many different ways to make it. ___36___‎ Here’s one 4-step process that may help you solve any number of problems:‎ ‎1. Formulate your question. ___37___ This isn’t always as straightforward as it sounds. But, if you approach the situation with a clear view of what you’re actually trying to accomplish, that’ll equip you to sift through this information critically and find what you are looking for. And you can decide whether the new fashion really suits your needs.‎ ‎2. ___38___ There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s relevant. Information gathering helps you weigh different options, choosing a decision that meets your goal.‎ ‎3. Apply the information—something you do by asking critical questions. For example, in an email that promises you millions, you should consider: ‘What is shaping my approach to this situation?’ ‘___39___’‎ ‎4. Consider the implications. For the promise that seems great at first glance, try to think about the long-term effects and unintended results.‎ Critical thinking can offer the tools to make a perfect choice. ___40___ And if enough of us use it, it has the power to make the world more reasonable. ‎ A. Gather your information.‎ B. Raise some valuable questions.‎ C. Can you help me with the decisions?‎ D. Do I assume the sender is telling the truth?‎ E. Also, it can help us find what we really need.‎ F. In other words, know what you’re looking for.‎ G. One particularly effective skill is critical thinking.‎ ‎【答案】36. G 37. F 38. A 39. D 40. E ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。讲的是当我们要做一个完美的决定的时候，需要用批判性思维思考，以及批判性思维的四个步骤。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 根据本段“there are many different ways to make it.”可知，本文要讲的是能帮助我们做好的决定的办法。根据最后一段“Critical thinking can offer the tools to make a perfect choice.”可知，本文讲的是critical thinking。G项：One particularly effective skill is critical thinking.(一个特别有效的技能是批判性思维。)承上启下，故选G。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 根据本段段首“Formulate your question”和后文“approach the situation with a clear view of what you’re actually trying to accomplish”可知，本段讲的是你要对自己面临的情况有清楚的认识。F项：In other words, know what you’re looking for.(换句话说，知道你在找什么。)符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 根据本段下文“Information gathering helps you weigh different options, choosing a decision that meets your goal.”可知，本段讲的是收集信息的作用。A项：Gather your information.(收集你的信息。)概括本段内容，故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 观察题目可看到引号，表明和前面的句子应该是相似或并列的。前面句子是问句，所以空格处答案也应该是问句，可以把答案限定在选项C和选项D。本段前文提到“asking critical questions.”可知，要问批判性问题。选项C是表请求，选项D是批判性问题，故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 根据空后的And if enough of us use it可知，空格处与前文是并列关系，选项E中“can help”和前文中“can offer”是相同结构，选项中的it指代critical thinking，故选E。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。如选项E的also表明前文说的某个情况或某个句子和后面的情况或句子是相似或一致的。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I had been swimming competitively for about five years and was ready to quit because I felt I was horrible at it. I kept ___41___ “Honorable Mentions”(安慰奖). Any ___42___knows that you don’t want to have a bookshelf full of “Honorable Mentions”, which you get just because you ___43___.‎ One summer day, the day ___44___ a big swim meet, I decided to tell my grandma that I was quitting the swim team, but she said, “Baby, ___45___ these words: ‘A quitter never wins and a winner never quits.’ You go to that swim meet tomorrow.”‎ The next day we arrived at the swim meet late, ___46___ my group of swimmers in the 15/ 16 age group. My ___47___ insisted that I be allowed to swim with the ___48___group. I knew that she was ___49___ me in the race so that our long drive would not be ____50____. As I got on the board, I quickly noticed that these girls were here to do one thing—to____51____ me! All of a sudden my grandma’s words ____52____ in my head, “Ouitters never win and winners never quit, quitters never win and winners never quit.”‎ SPLASH!‎ I was swimming ____53____ than I’d swum before. As I drew my right arm back, I noticed I was tied with one person. I assumed we were battling for the eighth place and I refused to finish dead last, so I added more kick on the ____54____ 200 yards. I hit the wall and ____55____ to the left and to the right for the swimmers who had beaten me, but no one was there. They must have gotten out of the ____56____ already. I raised my head to see my coach____57____ hysterically(歇斯底里). My eyes ____58____her pointing finger and I couldn’t believe what I saw. The other swimmers had just reached the halfway point of the ____59____! That day, at age 15, I broke the national 17/18-year-old 400-freestyle record. I had hung up my honorable mentions. That day, I ____60____ them with a huge gold medal.‎ ‎41. A. receiving B. quitting C. refusing D. wishing ‎42. A. reader B. swimmer C. athlete D. learner ‎43. A. come around B. get out C. show up D. give off ‎44. A. after B. before C. during D. in ‎45. A. write B. have C. learn D. remember ‎46. A. missing B. winning C. losing D. having ‎47. A. grandma B. fan C. coach D. friend ‎48. A. older B. younger C. quicker D. stronger ‎49. A. calling B. including C. teaching D. forgetting ‎50. A. wasted B. considered C. dropped D. seen ‎51. A. hate B. love C. beat D. praise ‎52. A. heard B. sang C. shouted D. rang ‎53. A. harder B. faster C. longer D. later ‎54. A. first B. last C. most D. over ‎55. A. swam B. came C. jumped D. looked ‎56. A. breath B. water C. time. D. race ‎57. A. encouraging B. smiling C. running D. screaming ‎58. A. saw B. held C. followed D. grasped ‎59. A. pool B. road C. field D. board ‎60. A. helped B. joined C. admired D. replaced ‎【答案】41. A 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. D 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. A 60. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为成绩不好想退出游泳队。在奶奶的坚持下继续参加比赛，并获得冠军的事情。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直收到安慰奖。A．receive收到；B．quit退出；C．refuse拒绝；D．wish希望。前文说一直参加游泳比赛，所以是获得奖项。故选A项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何运动员都了解，你不想有一书架的安慰奖，仅仅因为你参加了比赛。A. reader读者；B. swimmer游泳者；C. athlete运动员；D. learner学习者。前文提到了“swimming competitively”说明作者是一位游泳竞技者。故选C项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：任何运动员都了解，你不想有一书架的安慰奖，仅仅因为你参加了比赛。A. come around拜访；B. get out出去；C. show up出现；D. give off放出。安慰奖一般是给参加比赛但没取得名次的选手。故选C项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在夏天的某一天，在一个大的游泳比赛之前，我决定告诉奶奶我退出了游泳队。A. after之后；B. before之前；C. during期间；D. in在里面。下文提到“You go to that swim meet tomorrow.”可知，第二天要参加比赛，所以是参加比赛之前说的。故选B项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子，记住这些话。A. write写；B. have拥有；C. learn学习；D. remember记住。奶奶没有让作者写下或学习这些话，文中没有相关描述。故选D项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我们迟到了，错过了15/16年龄组的比赛。A. miss错过；B. win赢得；C. lose丢失；D. have拥有。前文提到“arrived at the swim meet late”可知，我们迟到了，所以错过比赛。故选A项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的教练坚持说我应当被允许参加大年龄组的比赛。A. grandma奶奶；B. fan粉丝；C. coach教练；D. friend朋友。按常理，应该是教练和比赛组织人员协商比赛事宜。故选C项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的教练坚持说我应当被允许参加大年龄组的比赛。A. older年龄更大的；B. younger更年轻的；C. quicker更快的；D. stronger更强壮的。后文提到“ I broke the national 17/18-year-old 400-freestyle record.‎ ‎ ”（我打破了17/18年龄组的自由泳记录）可知，所以作者参加的是大年龄组的比赛。故选A项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道她让我参赛了，这样我们就没有白跑一趟。A．call打电话；B. include包含；C. teach教授；D. forget忘记。由后文“I got on the board”可知，作者参加了比赛。故选B项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道她让我参赛了，这样我们就没有白跑一趟。A. waste浪费；B. consider考虑；C. drop掉落；D. see看到。作者最后参加了比赛，所以开了很长时间车来参加比赛这件事没有被浪费。故选A项。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站上台子，我发现那些女孩的唯一目的就是打败我。A. hate憎恨；B. love热爱；C. beat打败；D. praise表扬。按常理，比赛的目的就是为了打败别人，争输赢。故选C项。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，奶奶的话在我的脑海里响起：“放弃者者永不成功，成功者永不放弃，放弃者永不胜利，成功者永不放弃。” A. heard听见；B. sang唱；C. shouted喊；D. rang响起。这里指奶奶的话又回想在作者耳边。故选D项。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我比我以前游的更加努力。A. harder更努力；B. fast更快；C. long更长；D. late更晚。根据后文“I assumed we were battling for the eighth place”可知，此时，作者还不知道自己游的快，仍然认为自己在争夺第八名。所以不能选B。故选A项。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们在争夺第八名，我不想最后一个到达，所以最后两百米我增加了打水动作。A. first第一；B. last最后；C. most最多；D. over结束。由后文“I hit the wall”可知，是触壁之前的冲刺。故选B项。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我触壁了，然后左右看看那些打败我的人，但是没看到人。A. swim游泳；B. come来；C. jump跳；D. look看。后文“ no one was there”可知，作者抬头看向四周。故选D项。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一定已经出水了。A. breath呼吸；B. water水；C. time时间；D. race比赛。作者一直认为自己游的慢，当她没有看到人，自然会认为别的选手已经游完了。故选B项。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我抬头看向正在大声喊叫的教练。A. encourage鼓励；B. smile微笑；C. run跑步；D. scream尖叫。根据后文“The other swimmers had just reached the halfway”可知，我赢得了第一名，教练很激动，所以喊叫。故选D项。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛望向她手指的方向。A. see看；B. hold拿着；C. follow跟随；D. grasp抓住。根据文意，我的眼睛跟随教练手指的方向看去。故选C项。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他的选手刚刚游到了泳池的一半。A. pool游泳池；B. road道路；C. field田野；D. board甲板。在游泳池里比赛。故选A项。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一天，我用一个大金牌替代了那些安慰奖。A. help帮助；B. join加入；C. admire羡慕；D. replace替代。由前文“I had hung up my honorable mentions.”可知，作者之前把安慰奖都挂起来了，这次用金牌把安慰奖替换下来。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“瞻前顾后”的原则来查找信息。比如第二题，很容易选择swimmer。但根据前文提到的“ swimming competitively”说明作者是一位游泳竞技者。故选C项。‎ 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Hongyadong, ___61___(locate) on cliffs above a river, is a vast complex in mock-traditional style in Chongqing. Its bars, restaurants and golden neon lights have been a popular draw ____62____ it was built in 2006. Last year ___63___ number of visitors increased.‎ The main reason, it seemed, was Hongyadong’s sudden ___64___(popular) on a social-media app, Douyin, which is used for sharing photographs and 15-second videos.‎ ‎___65___(upload) a picture or video from a photogenic spot to sites such as Douyin ‎ and Kuaishou is known in China ___66___ daka, meaning “punching the card”. The aim is not to produce a well-crafted video or beautiful photograph, but simply ___67___(show) that you have also been to the places that are popular.‎ A subculture ___68___(develop) among young people who embrace daka as a lifestyle till now. So-called daka zu can be found roaming Chongqing and other ___69___(city), checking in at as many hot locations as possible within a single day.‎ The daka craze may have practical origins. China’s young urban professionals have little vacation time. So workers need to make the ____70____(much) of their limited leisure time. Douyin captures the mood with its slogan: “Make every second count.”‎ ‎【答案】61. located ‎ ‎62. since 63. the ‎ ‎64. popularity ‎ ‎65. Uploading /To upload ‎ ‎66. as 67. to show ‎ ‎68. has developed/ has been developing ‎ ‎69. cities 70. most ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。由洪崖洞游客大涨的原因，引出抖音和快手在年轻人生活中逐渐流行起来。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词语态。句意：洪崖洞，位于一条河上面的悬崖上，是重庆市仿古风格的建筑群。is是谓语动词，locate就要选择非谓语动词形式。locate和hongyadong之间是被动关系，因此需要用过去分词形式表示被动。故填located。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：自从2006年建成以后，它的酒吧、饭店、金色霓虹灯都成为了一个受欢迎的景点。本句有两个谓语动词，所以要填连词，表示“自从”。故填since。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：去年，游客的数量增长了。the number of表示“……的数量”，故填the。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：洪崖洞游客数量激增的主要原因似乎是它在一种社交软件抖音上的突然流行。抖音是用来分享照片和15秒的视频的软件。Hongyadong’s表所属，后接名词性成分，sudden是形容词，后面也需要有名词性成分。综合考虑，需要填popular的名词形式。故填popularity。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：从照相地点拍照片或视频上传至类似抖音和快手的网站，在中国被称为daka，就是打卡的意思。本句is是谓语动词，因此，用upload的非谓语形式作主语。用非谓语动词的动名词形式或不定式作主语。故填Uploading /To upload。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：从照相地点拍照片或视频上传至类似抖音和快手的网站，在中国被称为daka，就是打卡的意思。be known as作为……而为人所知，固定搭配。故填as。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查并列结构。句意：目的不是为了制作精良的视频或优美的图片，而仅仅是为了展示你已经去过很火的地方。notbut不是……而是……，引导并列结构的短语。not后面跟不定式to produce，but后面也要跟不定式。故填to show。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，一种亚文化将打卡作为一种生活方式的年轻人中发展起来。主句中只有一个动词，所以要填谓语动词，要改时态。till now 是现在完成时的标志词。因为打卡行为现在仍在持续，所以也可以选择现在完成进行时。故填has developed/ has been developing。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：所谓的打卡族在重庆和其他城市随处可见。other是形容词，后需接名词。除了重庆以外，我国还有很多城市，所以需要用复数。故填cities。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：所以雇员需要最大化利用好他们有限的空余时间。make the most of固定搭配，意为“最大化利用……”。much是形容词，前面有the，形容词副词最高级前面需要加the。故填most。‎ ‎【点睛】语法填空要多观察句子结构和题眼。例如第十题：语法填空的形容词副词考点，一般只有三个：变比较级和最高级，变反义词，变副词。最后一题，即便不知道make the most of是固定搭配，也可根据前后结构推出所填正确单词。‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I’m writing to invite you join us in playing in one of William Shakespeare’s well-known play, Romeo and Juliet. The play, that will be put on three weeks from now, is looking for a young man to play a role of Romeo. I think you are the right person. You are familiar to the story because you have just finished a paper on it. Besides, I had experience in performing when you are in England. What you need it to do is to memorize a few lines and do some practice. It is no doubt that your participation will make the play a greatly success.‎ I’m looking forward to your reply.‎ ‎【答案】join前面加上to play→plays that→which a→the to→with I→you are→were It→There greatly→great ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，是一篇书信。作者想邀请朋友参与莎士比亚戏剧，并出演罗密欧一角。‎ ‎【详解】1. 考查固定短语。invite sb to do是固定搭配。故将join前面加上to。‎ ‎2. 考查名词的数。前面有one of，play是可数名词，要用复数形式。故将play改为plays。‎ ‎3. 考查关系代词。“that will be put on three weeks from now”作非限定性定语从句，修饰play。先行词在从句中作主语，非限定性定语从句不能使用关系代词that。故将that改为which。‎ ‎4. 考查冠词。罗密欧一角特指莎士比亚戏剧里的角色，the表特指。故将a改为the。‎ ‎5. 考查固定短语。be familiar to意为“为……所熟悉”，主语一般是物；be familiar with意为“熟悉……”，主语一般是人。故将to改为with。‎ ‎6. 考查代词。句意：当你在英国的时候，你有表演的经历。作者邀请朋友出演角色，说的都是朋友的经历。故将I改为you。‎ ‎7. 考查时态。在英国是之前发生的事情，而且主句的时态是过去完成时。故将are改为were。‎ ‎8. 考查主语从句。句意：你所需要做的是记住一些台词并做一些练习。What you need to do是主语从句，what作从句的宾语，句子里面不缺任何成分，所以不需要加it。故将it去掉。‎ ‎9. 考查固定搭配。There is no doubt that是固定搭配，意为“毫无疑问……”，故将It改为There。‎ ‎10. 考查形容词。success是名词，用形容词修饰名词。故将greatly改为great。‎ ‎【点睛】短文改错单词较为简单，但是还是有很多同学改不出来。短文改错考察的是考生平时经常性的错误，包括名词单复数，时态，语态，代词指代，冠词等。所以做题的时候要一个意群一个意群去看，把每个单词想一下。看见名词就想单复数对不对，看见代词就找前文指代的人或物。看见动词就要考虑时态语态非谓语动词的各种形式用的对不对。‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎72.假如你是李华，你的朋友Jack要来你的家乡参观，请你根据下列要点写一篇电子邮件回复，介绍你的家乡。‎ ‎1. 自然环境(绿水青山，环境优美)；‎ ‎2. 人文环境(交通便利，生活和谐)；‎ ‎3. 表示欢迎。‎ 注意: 1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 包括所有要点，但不得逐字翻译。‎ Dear Jack,‎ I’m very glad to hear that you are going to pay a visit to my home town.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Jack,‎ I’m very glad to hear that you are going to pay a visit to my home town. Now, I’d like to tell you something about my hometown—Yibin.‎ Yibin is located in the south of Sichuan Province, in the intersection of Jinsha River, Min River and Yangtze River. It is a beautiful city with green water and green hills all around it.‎ Yibin is an important transportation hub of Sichuan Province. High-speed rail, expressways, waterways and airlines are conveniently available to the city. The new airport, about 10km from the city’s downtown area, operates flights to major cities. People who are happily living here are kind and hardworking. They enjoy the convenience brought by modernization.‎ Hope to see you soon in Yibin.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，向朋友介绍自己的家乡并邀请朋友来参观。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 结构：总分法 ‎   总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1.表明写信的目的 ‎ 2.介绍家乡的情况 ‎ 1）自然环境 ‎ 2）人文环境 ‎ 3. 期待朋友的到来 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ pay a visit to， is located in ， transportation hub，are available to 第三步：连词成句 ‎1.I’m very glad to hear that you are going to pay a visit to my home town. ‎ ‎2. Yibin is located in the south of Sichuan Province.‎ ‎3. Yibin is an important transportation hub of Sichuan Province. ‎ ‎4. airlines are conveniently available to the city. ‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：People who are happily living here are kind and hardworking.。全文思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎