2018-2019学年甘肃省静宁县第一中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年甘肃省静宁县第一中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

静宁一中2018-2019学年度第二学期高二级期末考试题（卷）‎ 英语试题 本试题卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。作答时，将答案涂在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。‎ 第I卷（选择题 共70分）‎ 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节：（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Have you ever been into a cave? If not, please follow us and explore some of the most beautiful caves from around the world!‎ Marble Caves Located in the center of Lake General Carrera, the Marble Caves in Chico, Chile, are only accessible by boat. The surrounding crystal clear waters allow visitors to see the rock formations beneath them while the rock ceilings above change color(depending on the writer levels and the season). The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the sun’s rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.‎ Reed Flute Cave Reed F1ute Cave known as “the Palace of Natural Arts” is located in the northwest of Guilin in southern China.The limestone cave offers a grand fairyland of stalactites(钟乳石), stone pillars, stone curtains, birds, plants and animals in fantastic shapes and colors.‎ Fingal’s Cave This incredible sea cave is located on the uninhabited island of Staffa in Scotland. The cave’s size, shape, and naturally—arched(拱形的) roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedral—like atmosphere.‎ The Blue Grotto The Blue Grotto is the symbol of Capri. It is a sea cave found on the coast of the island and is a well-known spot to all who visit the area. This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes ‎ from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance. When viewed from inside the cave, the entrance appears as a brilliant white light just above the waterline, while the underwater hole, which is the larger source of light, provides a blue light.‎ ‎1. Why is sunset the best time to visit Marble Caves?‎ A. Because it has enough light in it.‎ B. Because it has the most beautiful scenery.‎ C. Because it is surrounded by clear waters.‎ D. Because boats are only available at sunset.‎ ‎2. Which cave will you go to if you want to enjoy the strange sound?‎ A. Reed F1ute Cave. B. Marble Caves.‎ C. The Blue Grotto. D. Fingal’s Cave.‎ ‎3. What is special about the Blue Grotto?‎ A. C1ear waters. B. Various birds and animals.‎ C. Bright blue light. D. Strange shapes.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了世界上最美丽的几个洞穴。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Marble Caves中的“The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the sun’s rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.”可知，游览的最佳时间：日出和日落时，太阳的光线照亮洞穴的墙壁，使之成为一种值得记忆的体验。所以为什么日落是参观Marble Caves的最佳时间是因为那个时候，洞里面有足够的光。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Fingal’s Cave中的“The cave’s size, shape, and naturally—arched(拱形的)roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedral—like atmosphere.”可知，这个洞穴的大小、形状和自然的拱形屋顶与波浪相结合，创造出奇怪的声音，增加了如同大教堂般氛围的吸引力。所以如果你喜欢奇怪的声音，你可以去Fingal’s Cave。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由The Blue Grotto中的“This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes ‎ from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance.”可知，这个洞穴是独一无二的，因为它明亮的蓝光来自两个源头：洞穴的入口和入口下面的一个更大的洞。所以Blue Grotto的特别之处在于它的明亮的蓝色光。故C选项正确。‎ B Oxford and Cambridge have now decided to remove the words CAN'T and IMPOSSIBLE from their dictionary. Jessica Cox, 25, a girl born without arms, stands inside an aircraft. The girl from Tucson, Arizona got the Sport Pilot certificate lately and became the first pilot licensed to fly using only her feet. Jessica Cox of Tucson was born without arms, but that has only stopped her from doing one thing: using the word "can't".‎ Her latest flight into the seemingly impossible is becoming the first pilot licensed to fly using only her feet.‎ With one foot manning the controls and the other delicately guiding the steering column, Cox, 25, soared to achieve a Sport Pilot certificate. Her certificate qualifies her to fly a light-sport aircraft to altitudes of 10,000 feet.‎ ‎"She's a good pilot. She's rock solid," said Parrish Traweek, 42, the flying instructor at San Manuel's Ray Blair Airport. Parrish Traweek runs PC Aircraft Maintenance and Flight Services and has trained many pilots, some of whom didn't come close to Cox's abilities.‎ ‎"When she came up here driving a car," Traweek recalled, "I knew she'd have no problem flying a plane."‎ Doctors never learned why she was born without arms, but she figured out early on that she didn't want to use prosthetic devices. So, the next time you are ready to tell yourself, "I can't possibly..." remember this amazing young woman and change your vocabulary.‎ ‎4. The word CAN'T will be removed from the two dictionaries because of ______.‎ A. the first woman pilot B. a very special flight service C. a great flight with a light-spot aircraft D. the flight in a seemingly impossible way ‎5. According to Parrish Traweek, Jessica Cox_____.‎ A. flies the plane by standing in it B. is good at driving a car with her legs C. has been her workmate for two years D. is one of the best pilots trained by her ‎6. What can be known from the text?‎ A. Jessica Cox has been armless for 25 years.‎ B. Jessica Cox was normal when she was young.‎ C. There are no suitable prosthetic devices for Jessica Cox.‎ D. The doctors have discovered how Jessica Cox lost her arms.‎ ‎7. The best title for the text may be "_______".‎ A. Flying with no hands B. Jessica Cox, a disabled pilot C. Living with a positive attitude D. Two words will disappear from dictionaries ‎【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述出生时就失去双臂的Cox获得了驾驶飞机的驾照，成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员，从而向人们证明残疾人和普通人一样，有能力实现自己的目标。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段“Jessica Cox of Tucson was born without arms, but that has only stopped her from doing one thing: using the word "can't ”以及第二段“Her latest flight into the seemingly impossible is becoming the first pilot licensed to fly using only her feet.”可知，Jessica Cox出生时没有双臂，但这只阻止了她做一件事：用“can’t”这个词。她最新的一次飞行似乎是不可能的，她成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员。所以这个词“can’t”将会从两个字典中被删除主要是由于，她成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员，她以一种看似不可能的方式告诉全世界的人，一切都没有“can’t ,impossible”。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段“She's a good pilot. She's rock solid,"…some of whom didn't come close to Cox's abilities.”可知，她是个好飞行员。她意志坚强，“……其中有些人还没有达到Cox的能力。所以据Parrish Traweek说，Jessica Cox是她培养的最好的飞行员之一。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段“Jessica Cox, 25, a girl born without arms,”可知，Jessica Cox，25岁，一个出生时没有双臂的女孩。所以判断出Jessica Cox已经失去手臂25年了。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了出生时就失去双臂的Cox获得了驾驶飞机的驾照，成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员，从而向人们证明残疾人和普通人一样，有能力实现自己的目标。所以短文都是围绕着标题“没有手的飞行”而展开的。故A选项“没有手的飞行”是短文最佳的标题。故A选项正确。‎ C ‎“An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is one of the most common sayings in the English languages. This is because apples were one of the first foods that medical professionals recognized as healthy—their benefits became obvious when quite simply, doctors found that people who ate apples were sick less often than those who did not. Today we have a more specific understanding of why apples are so beneficial to overall health.‎ Apples can help keep your levels of bad cholesterol (胆固醇) down. The pectin (果胶) in apples helps you to maintain cardiovascular health and reduce LDL cholesterol(which is the “bad” kind). Apples themselves do not add cholesterol to your diet and are full of water and fiber to help prevent the cholesterol in other foods you might digest. According to Health Diaries, people who eat two apples per day may lower their cholesterol by as much as 16 percent.‎ Apples are naturally low in calories and high in water content. Eating an apple can satisfy your hunger and keep you from reaching for high-sugar, high-calories snacks. By eating apples, you will be more able to maintain a healthy weight because they fill you up, potentially stopping you from eating food that encourages a waistline increase.‎ Apples contain respectable levels of boron (硼) which helps build healthy bones, and can also prevent diseases like arthritis. Apples are rich in vitamin C, which is known to help build immunity.‎ Studies have shown that apples can decrease the risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. One theory is that the apple skins are responsible for this, so be sure not to peel your apple before you eat them, as you could remove some of the health benefits.‎ ‎8. By eating apples we can get many benefits EXCEPT________.‎ A. lowering the cholesterol B. keeping a healthy weight C. building immunity D. preventing heart disease ‎9. Which of the following can most probably replace the underlined word “respectable”?‎ A. Admirable. B. Considerable.‎ C. Reliable. D. Valuable.‎ ‎10. Which plays an important role in reducing the risk of breast cancer?‎ A. The pectin. B. The apple skins.‎ C. The flesh of apples. D. The fiber of apples.‎ ‎11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the effect of eating apples?‎ A. Positive. B. Negative.‎ C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了吃苹果的好处：降低胆固醇、保持健康的体重，以及增强免疫力等。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的Apples can help keep your levels of bad cholesterol (胆固醇) down.第三段的you will be more able to maintain a healthy weight because they fill you up,以及第四段的Apples are rich in vitamin C, which is known to help build immunity.可知，通过吃苹果，我们能够降低胆固醇、保持健康的体重，以及增强免疫力，而文章并未提及吃苹果可以预防心脏病，故选择D项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Apples contain respectable levels of boron (硼), which helps build healthy bones, and can also prevent diseases like arthritis.可知，苹果含有可观水平的硼，这有助于建立健康的骨骼，还可以预防疾病，如关节炎。故B项considerable意为“相当大的”和respectable语义相近，意为“相当数量的”，符合文意，故选择B项。A. Admirable.令人钦佩的；C. Reliable.可靠的；D. Valuable.有价值的，和题意不符。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段的…apples can decrease the risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. One theory is that the apple skins are responsible for this,…‎ 可知苹果皮可以降低患乳腺癌、结肠癌和肝癌的风险。故B项正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了吃苹果的益处，所以都是积极正向的，故选择A。B. Negative.消极的；C. Doubtful. 疑惑的；D. Uncertain.和作者态度不符。‎ D If you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could be simple --- eat the same food as they do. Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.‎ During experiments, discussions over wages and work conditions were much more successful if both sides chose to snack on the same treats. And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.‎ The reason is thought to be the so–called similarity attraction theory --- where people tend to like others who have similar tastes or habits to themselves. But this is believed to be one of the first studies highlighting the role of food in this relationship. Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine food’s role in earning trust.‎ In a test, participants were told to watch TV --- where someone pretending to be a member of the public praised a certain product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble, while the TV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked.‎ The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too. The researchers added, “Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether two people will get along, we find consumers treat this as such. They feel more trusting of those who consume as they do. It means people can immediately begin to feel friendship and develop a bond, leading to smoother transactions from the start.”‎ Harley Street psychologist Dr. Lucy Atcheson said it was already known that wearing similar clothes could instantly create trust. But this was the first report that food had the same effect. She said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have common ground and can trust the other person. That means negotiations are more likely to be successful.”‎ ‎12. According to the passage, customers are likely to buy a product from a dealer who ______.‎ A. advertises his products on TV B. has the same taste as them C. reduces the price of his products D. pays attention to the quality of his products ‎13. The experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago University show that ______.‎ A. food plays an important role in earning people’s trust B. bosses like employees that have the same taste as them C. people who have similar tastes to their boss’s earn more D. people have less interest in buying products advertised on TV ‎14. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. People who eat similar food are more likely to trust each other.‎ B. People will get along with each other if they like to eat similar things.‎ C. The effect of wearing similar clothes hasn’t been proved by researchers.‎ D. People are more likely to make friends with those wearing the same clothes as them.‎ ‎15. Which of the following sayings can be an example of the similarity attraction theory?‎ A. Honesty is the best policy. B. All good things come to an end.‎ C. Birds of a feather flock together. D. Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的内容是具研究表明，吃相似食物的人更容易互相信任。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.可知顾客很可能从和他们有相同品味的经销商那里购买产品，故选择B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段的Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine food’s role in earning trust.可知，芝加哥大学的研究人员进行的实验表明，食物在赢得人们的信任方面扮演着重要的角色，故A选项符合文意。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段的Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.和第三段的Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine food’s role in earning trust.‎ 可知，吃相似食物的人更容易互相信任。故选择A选项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的内容是研究表明，吃相似食物的人更容易互相信任，可知可以作为相似性吸引理论的例子是C选项（物以类聚，物人以群分）。A.诚实乃上策；B.天下无不散之筵席；D.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。三个选项不符合题意，故C项正确。‎ 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Choosing the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and don’t want. The idea can guide you to what fits your needs best. ___16___.‎ Think about what major you want to study in college. If you know that, just look atcolleges that have your major. ___17___. So think carefully about your majors and interests before choosing one.‎ Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isn’t important is lying. ___18___, stay away from schools in cold areas. If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be your best bet. If your parents want you to stay close to home, please don’t consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.‎ Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If sohow much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financial aid and scholarships exist, but don’t count on anything. Are you willing to get into debt at school?___19___, these are all things to consider for you.‎ Make sure you’re going to spend time with the right people. The cool thing about colleges that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the first thing in your life, you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with. ___20___ .And make sure that the people you’re with for four years are your kind of people.‎ A. If you don’t like cold weather B. Before you fall in love with a college C. College is about learning what you love D. You’d better choose a major that is popular E. Go to the college with some people you like F. Remember, above all, it’s people that make places G. These guidelines will help you figure out what college you want to go ‎【答案】16. G 17. C ‎ ‎18. A 19. B ‎ ‎20. F ‎【解析】‎ 文章列举了几项选大学必须考虑的因素，比如专业、学校位置、经济能力和交友等。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 本段讲选大学要知道自己想干什么和不想干什么，这些想法会指引你找到自己最需要的。G项：这些指引会帮助你判断你想去什么大学，与上句并列，故选G。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 上文提示“如果你知道这一点，那就看看你的专业所在的大学吧。”承接上文，C项 College is about learning what you love（大学就是关于学习你喜欢的东西。）切题。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据___3___, stay away from schools in cold areas.的句子结构，推测应在A/B中选择，构成一个复合句。结合下半句“远离寒冷地区的学校。”可知，A项 If you don’t like cold weather（如果你不喜欢寒冷的天气）切题。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据___4___, these are all things to consider for you. 的句子结构，推测应在A/B中选择，构成一个复合句。A项已被选出只有B项复合结构。再根据后半句“这些都是你需要考虑的事情。”可知，B项Before you fall in love with a college（在你爱上一所大学之前）切题。故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 上文提示“生命中第一件事，你要选择在哪里度过你的时间，和谁一起度过。”承接上文，F项Remember, above all, it’s people that make places（记住，最重要的是，是人创造了空间）切题。故选F。‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ I’ve been taking a bus to school for years. I found that most passengers keep to themselves and no one ever has a ___21___ with anyone else.‎ About a year ago, an elderly man entered and said ___22___ to the driver, “Good morning!” Most people looked up, confused and ___23___, and the bus driver took it for granted and ___24___responded with a grunt (哼声). The next day the man ___25___ and again he said in a loud voice, “Good morning!” to the driver. Another grunt. By the fifth day, the driver finally agreed to accept the elderly man and ___26___ him with a little cheerful “Good morning!” Then the man ___27___, “My name is Benny.” The driver told the man he was Ralph.‎ That was the first ___28___ any of us heard the driver’s name and soon people began to talk to each other and say ___29___ to Ralph and Benny. Soon Benny ___30___ his cheerful “Good morning!” to the whole bus. Within a few days, his “Good morning!” was ___31___ by a whole bunch of “Good mornings” and the entire bus seemed to be more ___32___. People got to know each other.‎ ‎“If a ___33___ is someone who makes something happen, Benny was the one who took a lead in showing friendship ___34___ us,” I thought.‎ A month ago, something ___35___ happened and Benny didn’t ___36___ in the bus. Everyone began to ___37___ about Benny and lots of people said he may have passed away. No one knew what to do and the bus got ___38___ again. So last week, I started to act like Benny and say, “Good morning!” to everyone and the whole bus cheered up again. I guessed I was the leader now. ___39___ Benny could come back to see what he had started really ___40___ a lot.‎ ‎21. A. competition B. cooperation C. discussion D. conversation ‎22. A. loudly B. directly C. secretly D. suddenly ‎23. A. encouraged B. annoyed C. worried D. calmed ‎24. A. slowly B. simply C. finally D. clearly ‎25. A. sat down B. got on C. stood up D. looked ‎ around ‎26. A. greeted B. shared C. provided D. celebrated ‎27. A. shouted B. explained C. announced D. wondered ‎28. A. method B. time C. idea D. experience ‎29. A. sorry B. yes C. hello D. bye ‎30. A. wished B. introduced C. challenged D. spread ‎31. A. returned B. covered C. hidden D. driven ‎32. A. energetic B. friendly C. noisy D. crowded ‎33. A. foreigner B. passenger C. driver D. leader ‎34. A. between B. among C. behind D. including ‎35. A. unexpected B. uncontrolled C. unaccepted D. unchanged ‎36. A. get up B. look up C. turn up D. cheer up ‎37. A. complain B. ask C. argue D. discuss ‎38. A. broken B. open C. quiet D. slow ‎39. A. Obviously B. Hopefully C. Importantly D. Fortunately ‎40. A. needed B. wasted C. covered D. mattered ‎【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。文章描述了一位老人坐上了一辆公交车，这班车上的人从没相互交流到相互认识，友好地打招呼。但当他不出现时又恢复了以前的安静。于是作者充当了这位老人的角色，力图让人们再次友好快乐的坐车氛围。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析 competition比赛，竞赛； cooperation合作； discussion讨论；conversation会谈，会话。根据上一句I found that most passengers keep to themselves 中的keep to oneself 为固定搭配，意为“不与人来往，不与他人交往”可知，大多数乘客都不与人交往。此处指没有人和其它人说话（conversation），故选D 项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。loudly大声地；directly直接地；secretly秘密地；suddenly突然地。根据后面的_5___ and again he said in a loud voice可知，这位老人的声音很大，故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。大多数人抬起头来，感到困惑和恼火。encouraged鼓励的； annoyed生气的，恼火的； worried担忧的，担心的；calmed冷静的，镇静的。根据后一句___4___responded with a grunt (哼声).反应是一句“哼”，可知，annoyed不耐烦，故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。slowly 慢慢地；simply简单地； finally最后； clearly清晰地。司机只是”哼”了一声，可谓简单了，故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。sat down坐下，got on上车，stood up站起来；looked around四处瞧，环顾四周。根据语境可知，第二天这位老人上车（got on）又大声地说了声”早上好”。故选B项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。greeted 打招呼，问候；shared分享；provided提供；celebrated庆祝。到了第五天，司机终于接受了这位老人的这种行为，并有一点点高兴地与他打招呼（greeted）：“早上好！”，故选A项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。shouted大声喊；explained解释；宣布，宣告；wondered想知道。那个男人说：“我叫本尼。”司机告诉那个人他是拉尔夫。分析语境，可知，是announce符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。method方法；time 时间；idea想法，观点； experience经验，体验。根据第一段可知，在这位老人坐这班车以前，车上没有人交流过，所以这是第一次听见司机的名字。故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查语境。sorry对不起；yes是的； hello你好，表示问候，打招呼； bye再见。根据后面的Soon Benny ___10___ his cheerful “Good morning!” to the whole bus.可知，大家开始打招呼了。故选C ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。wished希望； introduced介绍；challenged挑战；spread传播。根据语境可知，是这位老人的快乐的问候在全车中传播开来，故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。returned 返回，恢复，还，归还； covered覆盖；hidden 躲藏；driven驾驶，驱使。根据语境，可知几天之内，他的“早上好！”换来了整整一车人的“早上好”。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。人们互相认识了。energetic精力旺盛的； friendly友好的；noisy有噪音的，嘈杂的；crowded拥挤的。根据后面的人们互相认识了，可知整个公交车上人们的关系似乎更友好（friendly）了。故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。foreigner外国人；passenger乘客；driver 司机； leader领导人，领头人。根据后面Benny was the one who took a lead in showing friendship和最后一段中的倒数第二句“I guessed I was the leader now”可知，本处应填leader。故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。between（两者之中）在…之间；among（多个人的）处在…中，处在…中；behind在…的后面；including 包含。如果一个领头人是一个让事情发生的人，那么本尼就是我们中间的一个带头的人。故本句中指的是在….中间。本尼是许多乘客中的一个，所以选B项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。unexpected料不到的，意外的； uncontrolled不受控制的，不加克制的；unaccepted未被接纳的，被拒绝的；unchanged未改变的，无变化的。一个月前，发生了意想不到（unexpected）的事情。故选A项。根据下文可知，本尼没有出现，所以这一点大家没有想到。故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。get up起床；look up查阅，向上看，尊敬；turn up 出现；cheer up 振作。根据后面人们猜测说他去世了，可知是他没有出现。故选C项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。complain抱怨； ask请求；argue争论； discuss讨论。根据句意：每个人都开始问起本尼，很多人说他可能已经过世了。ask about…意为“询问，寻求”，故选B项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查 形容词辨析。broken破碎的，打碎的；open开着的；quiet安静的； slow缓慢的。根据前文可知，由于本尼的到来让车上的人相互熟悉起来，互相打招呼。现在他没有出现，所以又变得和以前一样安静（quiet），故选C项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。 Obviously 显然地；Hopefully希望地；Importantly 重要地；Fortunately幸运地。根据语境可知作者和车上人希望本尼能回来。故选B项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。needed需要；wasted浪费；covered覆盖； mattered 有重大影响，有重要性。希望本尼能回来看看他开始做的事情真的有多重要。分析选项可知D项符合题意。‎ 第II卷（非选择题 共50分）‎ 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1-3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Communicating with the old can be challenging, especially when considering the fact _____41_____ their abilities are failing.‎ First of all, you are ____42____ (suppose) to respect the old’s thoughts, backgrounds and life experience. Do not correct their opinions even when you can’t reach any ____43____(agree). And when old people are talking, listen ____44____(careful). Let them finish because letting them express their thoughts and emotions ____45____(be) important.‎ When you’re together with them, try to know if they would like ____46____(chat) or be quiet. And when you feel they want to be quiet, just be there, because____47____(spend) time with them is as important as talking to them or cheering them up.‎ As communication with old people can be difficult, it is ____48____(importance) to be always patient. When you are explaining something _____49_____ them, you should remain patient when they ask you to repeat yourself. Try using gestures while you talk with them, or write down what ‎ you want to say when _____50_____is necessary.‎ ‎【答案】41. that ‎ ‎42. supposed ‎ ‎43. agreement ‎ ‎44. carefully ‎ ‎45. is 46. to chat ‎ ‎47. Spending ‎ ‎48. important ‎ ‎49. to 50. it ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了和老年人交流的方法，要有策略、有耐心。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查同位语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，空处是连词引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的内容，且在从句中不做成分，故填that。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：首先，你应该尊重老人的思想、背景和生活经历。结合句意可知，be supposed to do是固定搭配，意为“应该……”，故填supposed。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查词形变化。分析句子结构可知，空处做reach的宾语，要用名词，故填agreement。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰listen，故填carefully。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语，且句子动名词短语letting them express their thoughts and emotions做主语，故谓语动词用单数，故填is。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：试着知道他们是想聊天还是想保持安静。结合句意可知，would like to do是固定搭配，意为“想要做……”，故填to chat。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，____7____(spend) time with them是动名词短语做句子的主语，故填spending。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查词形变化。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，做表语，故填important。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：当你向他们解释某事时，当他们要求你重复时，你应该保持耐心。结合句意可知，explain sth. to sb.是固定搭配，意为“向某人解释某事”，故填to。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处填代词，做从句的主语，且指代上文，故填it。‎ 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏子符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； ‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ My senior high school life started as military training (军训). It was included two parts: the theory exam and the physical training, that lasted about two weeks. The latter was much hard than the former. Dressing in green uniforms and exposed to the sun, we had to follow the soldiers’ daily routine and go through hard training. Each morning, we had to get up and fold quilts rapid. We must finish our meals in limited times, too. Then I think it unbearable. Besides, now looking back, I find it necessary. It is the military training teaches me how to bear hardship and lead a better life.‎ ‎【答案】1.as→with/from ‎2.去掉included前的was ‎ ‎3.that→which ‎4.hard→harder ‎ ‎5.Dressing→Dressed ‎ ‎6.rapid→rapidly ‎7.times→time ‎ ‎8. think--- thought ‎ ‎9.Besides→However/Nevertheless ‎ ‎10.training后面加上that ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。“我”回想起高中刚开始时的军训生活，之前觉得难以忍受，但现如今觉得很有必要。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查介词。句意：我的高中生活始于军训。结合句意可知，start with/from是固定搭配，意为“从……开始”，而as做介词时，意为“作为”和句意不符，故将as改为with/from。‎ 第二处：考查被动语态。句意：它包括两部分。结合句意可知，此处include和主语It之间是主动关系，无须用被动语态，故去掉included前的was。‎ 第三处：考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，又因为连词在此处作主语，故将that改为which。‎ 第四处：考查比较级。句意：后者比前者困难得多。结合句意，以及句中much和than是形容词比较级出现的标志，故将hard改为harder。‎ 第五处：考查固定用法。句意：穿着绿色制服，暴露在阳光下，……。结合句意可知，be dressed in是固定用法，意为“穿着……”，在此句中用dressed在句中做伴随状语，故将Dressing改为Dressed。‎ 第六处：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，rapid是形容词，意为“迅速的”，不能修饰动词，故将rapid改为rapidly。‎ 第七处：句意：我们必须在限定时间内吃完饭。根据句意可知，time做可数名词时，意为“次数”，做不可数名词时，意为“时间”，故将times改为time。‎ 第八处：考查时态。根据语境可知，此处时态应该是一般过去时，故将think改为thought。‎ 第九处：考查副词。句意：然后我觉得难以忍受。然而现在回想起来，我发现这是必要的。根据句意，和unbearable和necessary前后的对比关系可知，此处应该表示转折关系，故将Besides改为However/Nevertheless。‎ 第十处：考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，it is…that/who…是强调句句型，如果去掉句中的It is或that/who不影响句子的结构和语义，又因为强调的部分是the military training句子的主语，故将training后面加上that。‎ ‎【点睛】英语强调句型的基本结构是“It+be+被强调成分+that (who)…”。在该结构中，It was…that (who)… 为强调句的结构词，原则上说，若将其去掉，句子意思依然清楚、结构依然完整。若去掉It was…that (who)…结构词，句子意思则不通、结构则不完整，那么就可能不是强调句。‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Ben 来信询问中国学生做家务情况，并征求你对做家务的看法。请你根据所给要点，用英文给他回一封信。‎ 提到目前，中国部分中学生不做家务，其原因有：‎ ‎1. 有些父母认为学生首要任务是学习，而且学习负担重，所以不让学生做家务；‎ ‎2. 有些中学生认为做家务是大人的事，不该由自己做，他们也不知道怎样做家务； 并谈谈自己对此现象的看法。‎ 注意：1. 词数：120 左右；‎ ‎2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使文连贯。‎ Dear Ben,‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Ben,‎ I’m glad to receive your letter.It’s my pleasure to talk about Chinese students doing housework.Nowadays, some students don’t help their parents do housework at home in China.The ‎ reasons are as follows:‎ Some parents love their children so much that they don’t let them do housework at home. On the one hand, they think that their children are too busy with their studies and they only expect them to do well in their lessons . On the other hand, Some students think it is not they but their parents that should do the housework . In addition,they don’t know how to do it.‎ However, I think students should help their parents do housework at home，which can help them develop their ability to live on their own at the same time promote emotional communication among family.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求写一片关于中国学生做家务的议论文。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求写一片关于中国学生做家务的议论文，时态应为一般现在时。关键要点如下：①中国部分中学生不做家务；②有些父母认为学生首要任务是学习，而且学习负担重，所以不让学生做家务；③有些中学生认为做家务是大人的事，不该由自己做，他们也不知道怎样做家务；④自己的看法。‎ 第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：doing housework（做家务），be busy with their studies（忙于学习），emotional communication（情感交流）等。‎ 第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。‎ 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合议论文的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。‎ 强调句的使用On the other hand, Some students think it is not they but their parents that should do the housework .‎ 非限制性定语从句的使用However, I think students should help their parents do housework at home，which can help them develop their ability to live on their own at the same time promote emotional communication among family.‎