高考英语二轮复习考点题组训练专题13七选五1

高考英语二轮复习考点题组训练专题13七选五1

真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 1 - 专题 13 七选五 (2016·新课标Ⅰ) 主题：密码的设置 词数：192 Secret codes( 密 码 )keep messages private.Banks ， companies ， and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__1__ Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography.__2__ For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” __3__ You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.__4__ For example，“bridge” might stand 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 2 - for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me”．The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” __5__ However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently. A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。密码在银行、公司、政府等各个领域有着广泛的应 用。本文主要介绍了密码设置的三种方式。 1．D 根据空后“Code breaking never lags far behind code making.”可知，有密 码的设置就有破译密码的存在，故 D 项“As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.(只要有密码存在，人们就设法破解它)”可以承接上下文。 2．E 根据空前“There are three main types of cryptography.”及后面举的例子可 知，本空应介绍设置密码的第一种方式：要隐藏一条信息，可以用每个单词的首字母来组成 密码，故选 E 项。 3．G 根据空后“You might represent each letter with a number...”及后面的内 容可以判断，这是介绍密码设置的另一种方法，即将字母表中字母排列顺序转化为数字信息， 故 G 项符合语境。 4．F 根据空前“To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.” 可知，你需要借用解码书来找出密码所对应的意思，F 项“有了解码书，你就可以写下代表着 别的词语的密码”符合语境。 5．A 根据上文及下一句“However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.”可知，上一句与下一句是转折关系，故 A 项“没有解码书很难完成解密工作”符合语 境。 (2016·新课标Ⅱ) 主题：如何装饰花园 词数：204 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 3 - A garden that's just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you，where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts？__1__．But it doesn't happen by accident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. ·__2__ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)．__3__．However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years. ·Recall(回忆)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad，but that's not what's important.__4__—how being in those gardens made us feel.If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden，start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.__5__．Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grownup garden.Have fun. A．Know why you garden B．Find a good place for your own garden C．It's our experience of the garden that matters D．It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden，too G．For each of those gardens，write down the strongest memory you have 【语篇导读】 本文介绍了两条装饰花园的建议：1.弄清楚你为什么要搞园艺；2.回忆 你以前看到过的花园。 1．F 根据设空处前后句的句意“你是否参观过使你感觉非常好的花园？”和“但是， 这并不是偶然发生的。”可知，F 项“你也可以把你的花园装饰得如此怡人”使得上下文语意 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 4 - 连贯，衔接紧密。 2．A 此处缺少主题句。根据本段倒数第二句“However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.”可知，本段主要讲要弄清楚你为 什么要搞园艺。故选 A 项。 3．E 本段介绍人们对于园艺的观点：有些人认为花园只是指一些花花草草；有些人关 心少用水、少用肥料的园艺方法。设空处仍然在说明人们对园艺不同的看法。故 E 项“还有 其他一些人只是喜欢待在户外，接触植物”承接上文。 4．C 根据设空处前一句“……不重要”可知，强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要 的是什么。故 C 项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文语境。 5．G 根据本段内容及主题句“Recall your childhood memories”可知，如果自己装 饰一个花园，要回忆一下自己小时候所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后 制订计划并把自己以前的记忆变成美丽的花园。故 G 项符合语境。 【长难句分析】 It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. 它从听从你内心的想法开始，明白了对自然世界而言你是谁和你是如何完成园艺工作的过程。 who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process 为 and 连接的两个并列的宾语从句，作 understanding 的宾语。 (2016·新课标Ⅲ) 主题：如何挑鱼和烹饪 词数：183 Everyone knows that fish is good for health.__1__ But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying，storing， and cooking fish isn't difficult.__2__ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. __3__ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh.__4__ When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one. There are many common methods used to cook fish.__5__ First，clean it and season 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 5 - it with your choice of spices(调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then，it's ready to serve. A．Do not buy it. B．The easiest is to steam it. C．This is how you can do it. D．It just requires a little knowledge. E．The fish will go bad within hours. F．When buying fish，you should first smell it. G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 【语篇导读】 吃鱼对身体有好处，因为鱼的脂肪可以预防心脏方面的疾病。文章介绍 了如何挑选新鲜的鱼和鱼的烹饪方法。 1．G 前一句提到鱼对身体有好处，后一句说似乎许多人不在家做鱼。由此可知，所填 的句子是对身体有好处的内容，G 项符合语境。 2．D 根据前一句的“Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn't difficult.”可知， D 项“它只需要很少的知识”与语意相符。 3．F 根据下文的“Fresh fish should smell sweet”可知，此处谈的是买鱼时要首先 闻一下鱼，所以选 F 项。 4．A 这里谈论的是买鱼，鱼有了味道，证明鱼不新鲜了，所以不要买，故 A 项承接前 一句内容。 5．B 根据下文的“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it...”可知，谈论的 是蒸鱼的方法，所以选 B 项。 【长难句分析】 When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.当你买了鱼拿回家后，如果不立刻烹饪， 最好放在冰箱里，但是新鲜的鱼只能在冰箱里储存一两天。 本句结构比较复杂。when 引导的是时间状语从句，主句是 you'd better store...，该 句和 but fresh fish should be...是转折关系，if 引导的是条件状语从句。 (2016·四川) 主题：女性寿命更长的原因 词数：195 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 6 - Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.__1__ In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.One reason for this is biological. One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.__2__ Between the ages of about 12 and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力)．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. __3__ They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example: women，on average，get fewer colds than men. __4__ Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do.Some think that a woman's body cells have a tendency(倾向)to age more slowly than a man's.Others think that a man's body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.__5__ A．However，women，on average，live longer. B．The biological factor plays an important part. C．Women are also helped by their female genes. D．The female hormones also protect the body in another way. E．Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities. F．Therefore，women are more healthy than men and can live a better life. G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了女性比男性寿命更长的原因。 1．A 根据下句“In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.”可知，本空应说明“女性比男性寿命更长”，故 A 项符合语境。 2．G 根据上句 “One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.”可知，导致女性寿命更长的原 因之一是男女荷尔蒙的不同，而空后内容介绍了荷尔蒙对于女性的作用，故应选 G 项。 3 ． D 根 据 下 句 “ They help the body defend itself against some kinds of 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 7 - infections.”可知，本段讲女性荷尔蒙在保护女性健康方面的作用，故选 D 项。 4．C 根据下句中的“Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging...”可知，本段讲女性基因和寿命的关系，故选 C 项。 5．E 根据上两句“Some think that a woman's body cells have a tendency to age more slowly than a man's.Others think that a man's body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.”可知，人们对男女身体细胞和年龄的关系有两种猜测，E 项“最近的研究似 乎支持这两种可能性”符合语境，故选 E 项。 (2016·北京) 主题：冒险 词数：264 The Science of RiskSeeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth taking.__1__ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.Why？Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans.Risktakers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring.__2__ As the quality of risktaking was passed from one generation to the next，humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then？Well，even 200，000 years ago，too much risktaking could get one killed.A few daring survived，though，along with a few stayinthecave types.As a result，humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it.__3__ No matter where you are on the riskseeking range，scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.__4__ To help you do that，your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. __5__ For the riskseekers，a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active， while for the rest of us，a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of riskseeking，we'll continue to hit the mountains，the waves or the shallow end of the pool. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 8 - A．It all depends on your character. B．Those are the risks you should jump to take. C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D．Thus，these wellequipped people survived because they were the fittest. E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F．However，we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 【语篇导读】 这是一篇议论文，作者探讨为什么有人喜欢冒险，有的人害怕冒险，作 者从人类早期入手展开探讨，说明这一切都是由人的不同性格造成的。 1．F 本项的 weigh risks and rewards 与前文呼应，属关键词再现。 2．C 本项的 those things 指的就是空格前一句中提到的 hunting，fighting，or exploring；chance of survival 与上文的 early humans 呼应，因此选 C。 3．A 前文说人们有各种不同的性格，有人喜欢赛车，有人讨厌赛车，从语境的连贯看， 这里选 A 表示“你是否喜欢赛车，主要是你的性格决定的”。 4．E 本项的“走出家庭，进入更广阔的世界”与上文的 your teenage years 呼应。 5．G 结合空后的“...a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active， while...a part of the brain related to...”可知，这与 G 项的 brains work differently 和 a nervous situation 在内容方面一致。 (2015·新课标Ⅰ) 主题：重建信任 词数：243 Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.__1__ Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately，we've all been victims of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from， lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 9 - people simply can't trust anymore.__2__ It's understandable，but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there. ●__3__ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your wellbeing. ●__4__ If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”．At some point in all of our lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated. ●You didn't lose “everything”．Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.__5__ Instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A．Learn to really trust yourself. B．It is putting confidence in someone. C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D．Remember that you can expect the best in return. E．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again. F ． This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened. 【语篇导读】 本文主要讲述了当人们在遭受背叛和欺骗后如何重建信任。 1．B 第一句说“信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。”，本句是对 trust 的解 释。选项 B 中的 it 指代上文刚出现的 trust，并且继续解释 trust 的含义：putting confidence in someone(对某人寄托以信任)。选项 B 与第一句形成顺承关系。 2．E 选项 E 与上下文都能形成因果关系。选项 E“他们曾经受过严重伤害，不能容忍 这种事情再次发生”是上一句“Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.(有时候人 们不能再信任任何人。)”的原因，并且与下一句“It's understandable...”也能形成因果 关系。正因为他们曾经受过严重伤害，不能容忍这种事情再次发生，所以引出下一句“It's understandable...”。 3．A 空格位于段首，极有可能是祈使句。并且选项 A“Learn to really trust 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 10 - yourself.”与空格后的“Having confidence in yourself”形成同义复现。trust yourself 等于 have confidence in yourself。 4．C 空格位于段首，极有可能是祈使句。下文说“如果你被背叛了，那么你是一个受 害者。然而是受害者与以受害者的心态活着是有区别的”，选项 C“Stop regarding yourself as the victim.(不要把自己当作受害者。)”就起到总结本段的作用，并且选项 C 中的 victim 一词在下文反复出现多次，形成词汇复现。 5．G 选项 G“看到事情的积极方面并不意味着你对发生的事情视而不见。”与下一句 “Instead，it's a healthy way...”形成转折关系，并且选项中的 positive 与下文的 positive 形成原词复现。 【长难句分析】 But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.但是，做坏事的人将不负责修复错误，那么当由这样的行为所导致的关 系缺少信任时，你就不能成功。 这是一个主从复合句。when 引导的是时间状语从句；状语从句中含有一个 that 引导的 定语从句；定语从句中又含有一个 where 引导的定语从句。 (2015·新课标Ⅱ) 主题：为马拉松做准备 词数：182 Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady ， gradual increases in the length of the runs.__1__，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit.__2__.As always，you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.__3__，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.__4__.After two weeks，start timing yourself.__5__.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A．After six days 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 11 - B．For a good marathon runner C．Before you begin your training D．With each day，increase the distance by a half mile E．If they still feel good，you can begin running in them F．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。马拉松是需要耐力的，但是在跑马拉松之前你应该做一 些必要的准备工作。文章为我们介绍了跑马拉松前的准备工作。 1．C 根据下文“买双最适合你的跑鞋”可以推知，前半部分应该是“在开始你的培训 之前”。故选 C。 2．E 根据前面一句话，“当你已经找到看上去适合你的鞋子的时候，穿上几天后再次核 实一下是否合适”。可知，紧接着应该写如果依然感觉很好的话，你就可以穿着这双鞋跑步 了。 3．A 根据前一句“During the first week...”可知本句应该是表示在六天以后，休 息一天是明智的。故选 A。 4．D 上一句讲在接下来的一周，每天设定一个目标，每次跑步至少要 1.5 英里。由此 可以推断紧接着应该是讲每天再增加半英里的距离。 5．G 根据上文的距离和时间，可知下句应该把“时间与距离”结合起来，只有 G 符合 语境。 【长难句分析】 No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.没人能说出哪个品牌最适合你或者最适合你的脚，因此当你买鞋的时候，必须 依靠你的体验和对每双鞋的感觉。 本句为主从复合句。which 引导宾语从句，so 引导结果状语从句，as 引导时间状语从句。 其中，rely on 意为“依赖，依靠”。 (2015·北京) 主题：白日做梦 词数：243 This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 12 - being unaware of what's happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.__1__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.__2__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First，understand that some opportunities(机会)for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__3__ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming， try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple， like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings. It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__4__ Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.__5__ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A．Having interesting things to think about also helps. B．They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C．Without wandering minds，we wouldn't have relativity，Coke or Postit notes. D．At one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E．It involves slow，steady breathing for selfcontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive. F．Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand. G．Therefore，it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 13 - 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。本文介绍了白日做梦的利与弊，并指出在人类历史上有 许多伟大的想法或成就都是白日做梦促成的。同时文中也指出了如何避免白日做梦。 1．B 本句是对白日做梦的解释。根据上文的“They can seem...”和下文的“They annoy us...”可知，所填的句子应和上下文一致，B 项符合这一特征。 2．C 本句的关键词语是“some of the greatest ideas and achievements”，C 项中 的 relativity，Coke or Postit notes 正好与此相符。 3．A 上文的关键词是 help，选项 A 中的 also help 和上文的 help 相呼应。两句都介 绍有助于做白日梦的情况。 4．E 上文谈到，精力集中是一些人用来避免睡着的工具。由此可知，下面要谈到如何 才能集中精力，选项E 中的“steady breathing...”便是具体的做法；另 it 指代mindfulness； 选项中的 attentive 和前一句中的 being focused 同义。 5．G 根据上文的“你绝不会知道当你慢慢走神的时候，你会想到什么样的绝妙的主 意。”，因此，要准备好把你的想法记录下来。 (2014·新课标Ⅰ) 主题：培养孩子优秀的技能 词数：240 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.__1__ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1．Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious.__2__ Ask kids，“What ingredients(配 料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？” and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time? 2．Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.__3__ There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 3．Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.__4__ “Why do you think 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 14 - she's crying？” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？” “If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？” 4．Self Expression __5__ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music，acting，drawing， building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A．Encourage kids to cook with you. B．And we can't forget science education. C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist? E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了培养孩子技能的方法，其中包括好奇心、创 造性、交际能力和自我表达等。 1．D 根据空后的“By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them...”可知，这里承上启下，表达的是帮助他们发展一些技能。由此推断，上句应为“应 该怎样帮助孩子为未来的工作做准备”。 2．A 根据下面问孩子的问题可知，此处是鼓励孩子们和你一起做饭。 3．C 根据上文中的“create something new”等可知，要给孩子们思考的机会。且信 息词 materials 在选项和句后重现。 4．F 联系下面的几个问题可知 F 项正确。注意信息词“ask questions...”。 5．G 根据该段小标题及空格后“to express thoughts”可知，此处所填内容与交流有 关。 【长难句分析】 Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.能够解读人们的心理可以帮助孩子们避免误解某种情况 并突然得出错误的结论。 该句为简单句。句首 Being...是动名词短语作主语。另外，misread 意为“误解；误读”， jump to false conclusions 意为“得出错误结论”。 (2014·新课标Ⅱ) 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 15 - 主题：做饭小建议 词数：259 Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule From my experience，there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often： ability，money，and time.__1__Money is a topic I'll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on tight schedule： 1．Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？__2__ 2．Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？__3__It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal. 3．__4__This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule. Hopefully that gives you a good start.__5__And don't let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live! A．Try new things. B．Ability is easily improved. C．Make three or four instead. D．Understand your food better. E．Cooking is a burden for many people. F．Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden. G．A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了做饭的方法，其中包括提前计划、充分利用 时间、尝试新方法等。 1．B 上文提到 ability，money 和 time 三个方面，下面提到了 money 和 time，所以此 处应该是关于 ability 的话题。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 16 - 2．G 根据本段倒数第二句可知，本文主要讲如何充分利用时间，再结合该段小标题 “Think ahead”可知提前计划能省很多事。 3．C 本段主要讲发挥时间效益，结合上一句“你是做一条面包吗？”和下一句“It takes around the same amount of time...”可得出答案为 C 选项。 4．A 根据该段第三句中的“hit upon new ideas”和该段最后一句可知本段与尝试新 东西有关。 5．F 联系该空之后的句子意思可知，此处表示让做饭与简易生活作为一种快乐，而不 是负担。 【长难句分析】 The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nothing ready to eat.当我认为做饭是一种痛苦的时候是我已经感到 饥饿，并且没有现成的东西吃的时候。 该句为复合句。主句中第一个 when 引导定语从句，修饰 the moments；are 之后是 when 引导的两个简单句，由 and 连接，作表语。 (2014·辽宁) 主题：保护视力 词数：269 Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment， the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight，but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight： •Schedule yearly exams.__1__ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyeglasses. •Protect against UV rays(紫外线)．Longterm stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is，it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.__2__ •Give your eyes a break.Twothirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.__3__ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule：every 20 minutes，take a 20second break and look at something 20 feet away. • __4__ As part of a healthy diet ， eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素)C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 17 - •Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜)．Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.__5__ Otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes， or a more serious condition. A．Eat your greens. B．Eye care should begin early in life. C．They can properly protect your eyes. D．Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins. E．Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight. F．Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear. G．This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了保护视力的五条建议。 1．B 本段讲视力应该定期进行年检，空后第一句讲婴儿 6～12 个月时就要接受检查。 所以“视力保护从生命早期开始”，与文章一致。 2．C 本段讲预防紫外线，戴太阳镜可以有效保护视力。本段句首小标题中关键信息词 protect 与选择 C 中 protect 对应。 3．G 本段讲注意休息，所以长时间用眼会加重眼疲劳。上下文为顺承关系。 4．A 本段讲健康饮食有利于眼健康，所以要多吃绿色蔬菜。上下文为总分关系。 5．F 本段讲戴隐形眼镜的注意事项，因此听从医生建议与此一致。选项中的 wear 与本 段第一句中的 wear 相对应。 (2014·北京) 主题：判断健康信息来源 词数：241 Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.__1__ Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 18 - research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.__2__ Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.__3__ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.__4__Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)． __5__ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration， but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life. A．Make choices that are right for you. B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C．Be sure to work through the critical questions. D．And examine the findings of the original research. E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view. G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何判断健康信息的来源，知道从什么 地方以及如何获得健康信息，如何分析信息并判断信息的可靠性。 1．G 根据第二、三、四段的首句“Go to the original source.”“Watch for misleading language.”以及“Use your common sense.”可知，此处承上启下，应该是引出下文几种方 式的介绍，故 G 项符合。 2．D 根据本段的“Go to the original source...Find out for yourself what a study really reported...”可以推断，接下来应该是对原始的研究发现进行检查核对，选项中的 original research 和第一句的 original source 相符。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 19 - 3．F 根据前面的“Some studies will find that a behavior ‘contributes to’ or is ‘associated with’ an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.”可知，某些研究发现某个行为“引起”某个结果或与某个结果“有 关联”，但这并不是指某个过程必定会导致某个结果，由此推断有些信息是作者不恰当的表 述，所以要仔细辨别。 4 ． B 根 据 前 面 的 “ Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.”可知，接下来的内容应该仍与广告有关，故 B 项符合。 5．A 根据本段的内容可知，我们可以从朋友和家庭成员那里获取信息，但我们每个人 需要找到一个适合我们自己的、健康的生活方式，由此推断 A 项“做出适合自己的选择”与 下文相符。 【长难句分析】 Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.合理的判 断包括知道在何处以及如何寻找相关的信息，如何区别事实与观点，如何识别不合理的推断 以及如何分析信息及其来源的可靠性。 该句为简单句。主语为 Reasonable evaluation，谓语为 includes，后面的动名词短语 knowing...作宾语，后面并列的“疑问词＋动词不定式”复合结构作 knowing 的宾语。 (2013·新课标Ⅰ) 主题：经营生意 词数：142 Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is，they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.__1__Commonly called nonprofits ， these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.__2__ Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning， direction ， and control of the operations of a business.__3__One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production，sales，the purchase of equipment，materials and supplies，and accounting.__4__ The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 20 - primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.__5__ A．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work. B．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management. C．Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals. D．However，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs. E．The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments. F．In the theory of business management，organization has two main aspects. G．Planning in business management has three main aspects. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。生意是给顾客提供商品和服务的有效手段，其目的有两 种：一个是营利，另一个是非营利。文章介绍了 business management 的含义。 1．D 上文谈到有利润的生意，下文则是谈无利润的生意。 2 ． C 根 据 上 文 中 的 “Commonly called nonprofits ， these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.”可知，此处是给出的有关 nonprofits 的 具体例子，故 C 项是正确答案。 3．G 根据下文中提到的三个方面的介绍可知，此处是总述，下文是分述，故选 G。 4．E 上文提到第一个方面，下文提到第三个方面，很显然此处是第二个方面。 5．A 该段中上文提到 planning 和 direction，所以最后作者开始解释 control。 【长难句分析】 Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning，direction，and control of the operations of a business.经营生意是一 种说法，该说法被用来描绘计划、指导和管理生意操作的技能。 该句为简单句。其中 business management is a term 是主干部分，之后的 used to... 是过去分词短语，用作定语；to describe...是动词不定式短语，用作目的状语。 (2013·新课标Ⅱ) 主题：演讲培训 词数：208 Public Speaking Training •Get a coach 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 21 - __1__，so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses，here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you. •Focus on positives Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well.Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well.__2__，so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do. •__3__ If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts，walk away！Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.__4__.As far as we're concerned，there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Your audience can be your friends. •You are a special person not a clone Most importantly，good public speaking training should treat you as a special one，with your own personal habits.__5__.Your training course should help you bring out your personality，not try to turn you into someone you're not. A．You aren't like anybody else B．You already do lots of things well C．Turn your back on too many rules D．Check the rules about dos and don'ts E．Whatever the presentation，public speaking is tough F．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep G．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。训练演讲能力的方式很多，其中包括积极主动、放弃规 则和坚持自我等。 1．E 本文介绍训练演讲能力的方法，所以此处是文章主题句；再联系下文中的 so get help 可知，E 项填入此空最合适。 2．B 下文中提到应该发展自己的优势，说明你在许多方面做得不错。且“do lots of things well”与小标题中的 positive 同义。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 22 - 3．C 选项“turn your back on too many rules”与文中“...lots of dos and don'ts， walk away”同义。下文中提到要放弃束缚自己的规则，也没有捷径可走，这样 C 项作为该段 的小标题是最佳选项。 4．G 该段的主旨是放弃规则，所以此处是谈到墨守规则的害处，这个语境也和上文的 意思一致。 5．A 根据上文中的“...treat you as a special one，with your own personal habits.” 可以推知，你和其他任何人都不同。 【长难句分析】 Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses，here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you. 既然有大约十亿外面的公司都准备为你提供公共演讲培训和课程，当你决定适合你的培 训时，这里有些要寻找的东西。 该句为复合句。其中 since 引导原因状语从句，从句中 all ready to offer...是形容 词短语用作定语；主句是全部倒装结构，由副词 here 引导；when deciding...是时间状语。 另外，a billion companies...是夸张的用法，表达培训公司多之意。 (2013·北京) 主题：城市化进程 词数：274 Urbanization Until relatively recently，the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago.__1__In fact ， nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural( 乡 村 的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. Britain was only the beginning.__2__The process of urbanization — the migration( 迁 徙 )of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization，which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990，fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today，over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms.__3__ Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 23 - advanced agricultural societies，it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities.__4__ Until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精 英 )and the servants， laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city. Over the past two centuries，the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.__5__ Today，instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people，one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers. A．That kept cities very small. B．The rest live in small towns. C．The effects of urban living on people should be considered. D．Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies. E．But even 200 years ago，only a few people could live in cities. F．Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive. G．Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。全球城市化的历史十分短暂，直到 20 世纪，英国成为世 界上第一个城市化社会，在那里大多数人居住在城市。美国也是这样，现在只有百分之二的 人口居住在农村。 1．E 上文提到五千五百年之前出现了第一座城市，可是根据下文中的“In fact，nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural villages.”可知，经历了五千多年之后，还 是几乎所有的人都居住在农村，上下文明显存在转折关系。 2．D 前文讲到英国是最早开始城居的，后文又有“The process of urbanization...” 可知，既然出现了城市化的进程，说明不久许多工业国家变成城市社会。上下文为顺承关系。 3．B 联系上两句中的“...over 82%...”和“Only about 2% live on farms.”可知， 剩下的住在小镇里。 4．A 根据下文中的“Until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite and the servants，laborers and professionals who served them.”，说明 小镇一直保持很小的规模。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 24 - 5．F 上文是因：工业化打破了城乡的平衡；选项是果：现代化使农民进城；且下文提 到现在城市人口的情况，故此处指两百年前的情况，具有对比意义，以说明今天的变化。 【长难句分析】 Today，instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people，one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.今天， 不是需要百分之九十五的农民养活百分之五的城市人，而是一个美国农民就能够养活一百多 非农业人员。 该句为简单句。one American farmer 是主语；is able to feed 是谓语；more than a hundred nonfarmers 是宾语。另外，instead of 意为“不是……，而是……”，在句中作状 语。 (2013·辽宁) 主题：原谅的方式 词数：250 Forgiveness To forgive is a virtue，but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply hurt you，it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.However，forgiveness is possible，and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness， according to a recent research. __1__Try the following steps： Calm yourself.__2__You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，or someone you love. Don't wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.__3__Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you. Take the control away from your offender (冒犯者)．Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings，learn to look for the love，beauty and kindness around you. __4__If you understand your offender，you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness，fear，and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 25 - Don't forget to forgive yourself.__5__But it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you don't do it. A．Why should you forgive? B．How should you start to forgive? C．Recognize the benefits of forgiveness. D．Try to see things from your offender's angle. E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stressmanagement technique. G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。原谅是一种美德，但是说起来容易做起来难。本文介绍 了若干学会原谅别人的方法，首先是保持镇静，还有及时道歉、发现优点等。 1．B 细节过渡题。根据下文的“Try the following steps”可知，此处提出“应该如 何开始原谅？”，选项承上启下。 2．F 细节过渡题。前面的“Calm yourself.”是该段的主题句，此处应该是：让自己 消气，并尝试控制压力的方法。这是一般做法，空白处后又是具体建议。 3．G 细节过渡题。根据上文中的“They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.”等语境可知，让他们道歉的可能性不大，所以如果你等 他们道歉可能会很长时间。 4．D 主旨大意题。根据下文中的“If you understand your offender，you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness，fear，and even love.”可知，要学会 从对方的角度看问题。 5．E 细节过渡题。根据下文中的“But it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you don't do it.”可以推知，对有些人来说，原谅自己是一件很难的事情。且选项中 forgiving themselves 与其前 forgiving yourself 都是讲自我原谅。 【长难句分析】 Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.记住，原谅并不一定意味着和伤害你的人 再次成为朋友。 该句为复合句。主干部分是祈使句结构，that 引导宾语从句，从句中 becoming friends again with the person 是动名词短语用作宾语，后面的 who upset you 是定语从句，修饰 the person。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 26 - (2012·新课标) 主题：克服压力的步骤 词数：248 Kids' health：Four steps for fighting stress Everybody gets stressed from time to time.__1__Some ways of dealing with stress —like screaming or hitting someone—don't solve(解决)much.But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed： (1)Get support.When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives.__2__They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test，or the death of a beloved pet. (2)Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh，dear，that's not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself.__3__ (3)Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends，it's time to get down to business.__4__ Even if you can't solve it all， you can solve a piece of it. (4)Be positive.Most stress is temporary(暂时的)．Remember stress does go away， especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it. These steps aren't magic，but they do work.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.__5__ A．Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation. B．Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them. C．Different people feel stress in different ways. D．Ah，it feels so good when the stress is gone. E．You need to figure out what the problem is. F．And don't forget about your friends. G．Then，find a way to calm down. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了克服压力的四个步骤：获取支持、避免自责、 解决问题和保持积极情绪。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 27 - 1．C 句首的“Everybody gets stressed from time to time.”是本段主题句，由此 可知，此处的语境应该和主题有关，再联系下文中的“Some ways...”和“But other ways...”，可知 C 项承上启下，表示不同的人对压力的体验不同。 2．F 本段主旨是“求助”，联系上文中的“parent or other relatives”可知，此处 用 friends 与父母，亲戚并列。 3．A 根据小标题：Don't take it out on yourself(拿自己生气)及其后的“Remember that there are always people to help you.”可以推知，你需要寻求帮助以渡过难关。 4．E 联系该段的主题句“Try to solve the problem.”可以推知，你需要弄清楚你的 问题所在。 5．D 任何压力都是暂时的，所以保持乐观情绪，没有压力当然感觉很好。 【长难句分析】 And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.如果在度过困难时期你能保持积极 的心态，那么你就会更快地让自己感到快乐。 该句为复合句。其中 if 引导条件状语从句，从句是复合句结构，含有 as 引导的时间状 语从句；you'll help yourself feel better even faster 是句子的主干，其中 feel better 是宾语补足语。 (2012·辽宁) 主题：交友的方式 词数：295 How to Make Friends Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.Good friendship has many benefits.It offers companionship，improves self worth and promotes good health.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town，or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leaves us without a friend.__1__ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends. 1．Associate with others. The first step to making friends is associating with other people.You can go to public places to meet new people.Besides，you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places. 2．Start a conversation. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 28 - Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.__2__You can always start the conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people. 3．__3__ Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience. 4．Let it grow. It is a good thing to stay in touch.However，try not to press your new friend with calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.__4__ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. 5．Enjoy your friendship. The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.__5__Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you. A．Be cheerful. B．Do things together. C．Do not wait to be spoken to. D．Try not to find fault with your friends. E．Making new friends comes easy for some people. F．For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. G．So you will need to give your friend time to react to you. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。友谊是每一个人都需要的重要的人际关系，它能提供陪 伴、改善自我、有利健康。那么到底怎么样才能交到优秀的朋友呢？本文给出了答案。 1．E 根据下文 But 所表示的转折意义可知，虽然对有些人来说交朋友容易，但是对有 些人来说却需要勇气。 2．C 联系上文段落主题句，再联系下文“You can always start the conversation.” 可以推知，谈话中要主动，不能被动。 3．B 此处是添加小标题，根据下文中的“...these interests would always bring you and your friend together.”可知，本段指一起做事情。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 29 - 4．G 由上文“However，try not to press your new friend with calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.” 可知，选项是对前文的进一步递进：要给你朋友时间对你的想法作出回应。 5．D 根据下文中的“Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.”可知，此处表示与下文的并列意义，这样也和段落主旨一致。 【长难句分析】 However，try not to press your new friend with calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 然而，尽量不要通过电话、短信或拜访给你的新朋友造成压力，因为这会让他或她感到厌烦， 你最终可能会失去这个朋友。 该句为复合句。句子结构为“祈使句＋and＋简单句”；祈使句中 as 引导原因状语从句。 (2012·北京) 主题：同情心 词数：267 Empathy Last year，researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy， the ability to understand other people，among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years.__1__Today，people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs. Jennifer Freed，a codirector of a teen program，has another explanation.Turn on the TV，and you're showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting， competing，and generally treating one another with no respect.__2__ There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples.Humans are socially related by nature.__3__Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high selfrespect.Besides，empathy can be a cure for loneliness， sadness，anxiety，and fear. Empathy is also an indication of a good leader.In fact，Freed says，many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers.__4__“Academics are important.But if you don't have emotional(情感 的)intelligence，you won't be as successful in work or in your love life，” she says. What's the best way to up your EQ(情商)？For starters，let down your guard and really listen to others.__5__ 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 30 - To really develop empathy，you'd better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital， join a club or a team that has a diverse membership，have a “sharing circle” with your family，or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter. A．Everyone is different，and levels of empathy differ from person to person. B．That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time， the researchers said. C．“One doesn't develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking，” Freed says. D．Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic. E．Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel. F．Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life. G．Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human —and having empathy is decisive to those relationships. 【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。最新的研究表明，富有同情心的人越来越少，可是同情 心是一个人的重要素质。学术水平固然重要，但是，情商却决定职场的成败。 1．B 上文先是提出结果，也就是富有同情心的学生数量下降，此处说明原因 “...replaced face time with screen time...”下文有重要信息：...spend more time...。 2．D 现实社会中充满了打斗、竞争和互不尊重，所以人们就会学习这些东西，而不是 学习富有同情心。 3．G 根据下文中的关键信息词“also”可知，富有同情心对建立人际关系具有决定性 作用。 4 ． F 根 据 下 文 关 键 信 息 词 “have emotional intelligence ， you won't be as successful...”表明此处应是说情商对成功的重要性。 5．C 根据上文中的“For starters，let down your guard and really listen to others.”可知，此处表达同样的语境，意见太多或者说得太多不利于建立同情心。 【长难句分析】 To really develop empathy，you'd better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital，join a club or a team that has a diverse membership，have a “sharing 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 31 - circle” with your family，or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.为 了真正地培养同情心，你最好到疗养院或医院去做志愿者工作、参加俱乐部或者加入有不同 成员的团队、和家人有共同的社交圈或者花时间在动物收容所照顾宠物。 该句为复合句。句首的 to really develop...是动词不定式短语，用作目的状语；主干 句中含有四部分并列的谓语，其中第二部分谓语之后的宾语 a team 之后跟有 that 引导的定 语从句。 七选五的试题结构是给出一篇 250 词左右的短文，其中缺少五个句子，在文后给出的七 个句子中选五个句子填到原文中的相应位置，使得文章结构完整，逻辑关系衔接，过渡自然， 上下文的意思通顺。很明显，该题型主要考查考生对文章的整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑 意义的理解和把控。下面通过高考真题，分析和归纳突破七选五题型的有效途径。 一、段首挖空类 该题型通常可以分为三种情况：1.通常是段落主题句。阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性 原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2.与后文是并列、转折、因果等关系。 阅读后文第一、二句，锁定线索信号词，在选项中查找相关信息词。通常正确答案与空白后 的第一句之间是紧密衔接的，要注意它们之间的衔接手段，如时间年代的前后对应等。3.段 落间的过渡句。要联系上下文找关系，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾 有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。 (2015·新课标Ⅰ)●__39__ If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”．At some point in all of our lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated. A．Learn to really trust yourself. B．It is putting confidence in someone. C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D．Remember that you can expect the best in return. E．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again. F ． This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 32 - 【解析】 选 C。该题空格位于段首，极有可能是祈使句。下文说“如果你被背叛了， 那么你是一个受害者。然而是受害者与以受害者的心态活着是有区别的”，选项 C“Stop regarding yourself as the victim.(不要把自己当作受害者。)”就起到总结本段的作用， 并且选项 C 中的 victim 一词在下文反复出现多次，形成词汇复现。 二、段中挖空类 该题型是指在文章或段落的中间挖空，所挖掉的句子通常在语境和逻辑两方面和上下文 有密切的关系，所以确定正确选项的方法是所选择的选项应该在语境方面和原文中的相关空 白能够无缝衔接。在逻辑关系方面，要特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折、递进、顺承、 让步等逻辑关系的关联词，这些都是解决这类题型的重要信息。 (2014· 新 课 标 Ⅰ)Creativity ： True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.__38__There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. A．Encourage kids to cook with you. B．And we can't forget science education. C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist? E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 【解析】 选 C。从试题类型看，该题属于段中挖空。解题时需要根据题型特点，从上 下文寻找解题的信息。原文中的开头介绍了创造性的概念和含义，所以要给孩子们机会用新 的思维方式去思考。 三、段尾挖空类 该题型通常有五种情况：1.通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结 论等的信号词，或前文的同义词句。2.与前文是转折或对比关系。注意在选项中查找表示此 类关系的关联词，并对比前文，在内容和主题上是否存在这类关系。3.与前文是并列或排比 关系。正确答案中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同 义词等。4.所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果选项中找不出与前文的关联，可考虑与下一 段开头是否有紧密连接。5.如果第一段的段尾是空白，要确认是否是主题句。通常文章第一 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 33 - 段会点明文章的主题句，如果是在段尾，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来。 (2015·北京)It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__ A．Having interesting things to think about also helps. B．They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C．Without wandering minds，we wouldn't have relativity，Coke or Postit notes. D．At one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E．It involves slow，steady breathing for selfcontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive. F．Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand. G．Therefore，it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone. 【解析】 选 E。上文谈到，精力集中是一些人用来避免睡着的工具。由此可知，下面 要谈到如何才能集中精力，选项 E 中的“steady breathing...”便是具体的做法；另外 it 指代 mindfulness；选项中的 attentive 和前一句中的 being focused 同义。 (2016·河北衡水中学二调考试) 主题：挑战自己 词数：258 If something that you're doing doesn't challenge you，then it doesn't chang you. We all need some normal stress in our lives，after all.__1__ So challenge the following limits： Figure out what you're scared of and do it continuously. If you're a salesman，and you're scared of talking to people personally or over the phone，now，instead of being scared and thinking you'll fail，spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call.__2__ But don't stop on the first try! Eventually，you can look at fear in the eyes and say，“Go on，I'm not scared！” 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 34 - __3__ Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career；you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this.Some examples might be cooking，sewing，painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself，taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. __4__ A simple 9minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight，but also make you feel better about yourself. Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people. Don't just limit yourself to your fellow travelers—try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they're going to be.Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class.__5__ A．You should do it continuously. B．Someone may hang up on you. C．You don't need to go to the gym. D．Running in the gym may be a better choice. E．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself. F．Take a class for a hobby you've been wanting to develop. G．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone. 1．G 上文说到：如果没有挑战，就不会改变。所以作者接着说：如果你坚持你的舒适 区，你永远不能看到任何改进。 2．B 上下文都是谈论打电话推销，上文鼓励你拿起电话，下文是劝告你不要一试就停， 因此，选项 B“别人可能会挂断你的电话”，是一种预知的可能会发生的情况，符合语境。 3．F 小标题是对本段的概括。段中 cooking，sewing，painting 等都是 hobby 的范畴， 且 hobby 一词在下文多次出现，是很好的提示。 4．C 由下一句的“A simple 9minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.”可知 C 项“没必要去体育馆”符合语境。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 35 - 5．E 选项 E“ Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.”与上一句 在意思上是递进的，在句式上是一致的，符合语境。 (2016·湖北武汉武昌区元月调研) 主题：如何使精神放松 词数：379 How to relax your mind Nowadays，people everywhere seem to find less and less time available to them， and more and more things to achieve.It's quite common to find people running around like headless chickens meeting deadlines that they create.One doesn't have to live this way，in stress and struggle.__1__ Breathing—I can't stress enough the importance of learning how to breathe properly，and not only when you're stressed，but at all times that you can.Learning how to breathe properly at all times is essential.You should try to deepen and lengthen your breath to lower the stress level and promote relaxation.__2__ Relaxing—We often think that just going to the gym and working out is the right way to go to relax ourselves.__3__ A good hard workout is good from time to time， but you are still running at full steam ahead and not giving yourself time to relax.So lighting some fragrant candles，taking a slow hot bath or a shower，or meditating for even 10 minutes will do wonders to help you relax your mind and get out of the stress zone. Let it all out—__4__ So calling or meeting up with a person who can listen and empathize with us，is often a great way to relax.It's important that we don't go into victim mode and get too negative.When we let out our frustrations，it should be done in a positive manner，and with lightheartedness，even joking about the stress we're under. __5__—Probably one of the most difficult skills at first to master，but in the end one of the most rewarding to learn in our fastpaced society is the attitude of gratitude.We can do some gratitude list making right on the spot to get out of our heads and away from all that we wished we had but don't，and to be thankful for all that we do have.I swear learning how to do this will relax you in a way that will change your life for the better. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 36 - Hopefully this article helped you to find an answer to your question about how to relax your mind from stress.Try these techniques and let us know，what works best for you. A．Be thankful to your friends B．Be grateful for what you have C．But this pace doesn't do much for our mind or stress levels. D．You can either lie down on the floor or sit comfortably to relax yourself. E．In this article we will present a few tips on how to relax your mind from stress. F．In addition，deeper breathes help to get rid of harmful substances in your lungs. G．Sometimes we need to just let out our frustrations and worries to a close friend. 【语篇导读】 本文主要告诉我们如何在精神上放松。 1．E 选项 E 承上启下，引出后文。 2．F 结合小标题“Breathing”，并且前一句是讲深呼吸的好处，所以本句进一步讲它 另外的好处。 3．C 与前一句形成转折，用 but 连接，并且 C 项有“this”指代前文内容。 4．G 这里与小标题构成顺承关系，进一步讲述释放内在的负面的东西 “just let out our frustrations” 对应标题。 5．B B 项对应本段的 gratitude 及本段倒数第二句中“...to be thankful for all that we do have.”。A 项略有迷惑性；但 A 项是片面的，只对朋友感恩。 【长难句分析】 We can do some gratitude list making right on the spot to get out of our heads and away from all that we wished we had but don't，and to be thankful for all that we do have.我们可以当场将我们应感恩的事情列一个清单，不去想那些我们 想要得到而没有得到的；并感谢我们确实拥有的。 We can do some gratitude list making 是主句部分，其后的 on the spot 是一个地点 状语，意为“在当场”；其后又跟了一个不定式短语 to get out of our heads and away from all that we wished we had but don't，作目的状语；其中 get out of one's head 是一 个固定短语，意为“暂时把某事忘掉；不去想(某事)”；get...away from 意同 get out of one's head；all 后又跟了一个定语从句；and 后又跟了一个并列句。 (2016·湖北黄冈元月调研) 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 37 - 主题：全国汤姆日 词数：229 The National Tom Sawyer Days festival started in 1956 and is celebrated every year.The festival gathers many local Tom fans or some other fans from all over the world. This year，the festival takes place from June 30th to July 4th in Mark Twain's boyhood home of Hannibal，Missouri.__1__.The fence painting contest will obviously bring back memories of Tom Sawyer's famous whitewashing incident.Boys from place to place aged 10－13 will dress up as Tom，because the costume is one of the 3 standards for evaluation.__2__. The frog jumping contest was created with Mark Twain's short story，The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras Count. The Tom and Becky Relay and Tomboy Sawyer Contest are also fun ways to get into the spirit of Mark Twain's characters. __3__.The Samuel L．Clemens Arts & Crafts festival is a favorite among many who enjoy shopping for handmade products.The Car CruiseIn is a chance for carlovers， as well as bicyclelovers to see some wonderfully decorated vehicles.The Tricycle Tournament，Mighty “Miss” Raft Race and Back Seat Driver Contest appeal to all ages and are creative ways to have some fun on wheels of all kinds. __4__，you and your kids will always find something interesting to do.A carnival as well as musical entertainment will also run throughout the weekend.__5__. A．For a complete list of activities scheduled，visit National Tom Sawyer Days online B．The other two decisive factors are the speed and the quality of painting the fence C．There is another interesting and competitive event Tom and Becky contest， which is open only to high school students in Hannibal D．Although The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is fictional，it is in real life to bring a lot of fun E．In addition，there are plenty of other activities that the whole family can enjoy F．This funfilled festival includes many activities that were inspired by Twain's 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 38 - books G．With these and many other fun activities at the National Tom Sawyer Days festival 【语篇导读】 本文介绍了美国密苏里州汉尼拔市的全国汤姆日。 1．F 通过上下文可知，美国密苏里州的全国汤姆日有很多深受马克·吐温作品鼓舞的 活动。下文以粉刷这一活动为例讲孩子们怎么开展纪念活动。 2．B 前面写到了三个标准中的一个，接下来应该是另外两个。 3．E 除了前文介绍的活动外，还有其他的大量的整个家庭都可以参加的活动。 4．G 由下文的“你和孩子们将会发现很多有趣的事可以做”可知，G 项“有了这些以 及其他有趣的活动……”符合文意。 5．A 最后，作者邀请大家上网查找更多全国汤姆日的活动，A 项符合语境。 (2015·北京东城区高中联考) 主题：放下包袱 词数：272 __1__She described all the things she had to do—one was to make her bed from the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work.I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks.She was shocked，probably thinking I'd been raised by wolves in a forest.__2__ Two weeks later she went into my office beaming.She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 years—and nothing bad had happened.“And you know what？”she said.“I don't dry my dishes anymore，either.” __3__One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before.The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect.This story shows an important principle(原理)about managing time: No one can do it all.Each of us has to make choices and accept tradeoffs.The problem is，many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last.They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves.__4__ So what is the solution？There's an easy way.Decide what you want in your life， and put that first.On a daily basis，that should include regular meals，enough sleep and time with your family.Exercise，leisure，friendships and hobbies should also be regular aspects of life.__5__The choice is yours: whatever makes you feel good about 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 39 - yourself and your life.Take a nap.Take a walk.Take time to play the piano.Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office.Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers.Fill more of your time with wanttodos instead of havetodos. A．This woman had made two major breakthroughs(突破)． B．Above all，you needn't do anything for yourself regularly. C．They put everyone else's needs ahead of their own. D．However，she went along with my idea. E．Most people do not take time to relax themselves. F．The point is to do something for yourself every day. G．A patient came to see me about the stress in her life. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。生活中的许多琐事是可以放弃的，包括对自己完美 的要求和试图把别人的事情看得更重要，问题的重点是如何让自己生活得轻松。 1．G 该段先交代了段落主旨：一位病人就生活中的压力就诊，然后叙述所发生的事情。 2．D 根据下文中的“She had left her bed unmade...”可知，她采纳了作者的建议。 3．A 根据下文中的“one...the other...”可以推知，此处为总分结构。 4．C 根据上文中的“...many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last.”可知，他们把别人的需要放在自己的需要的前面。上下文为顺承关系。 5．F 上下文均是具体的事情，选项才是本段的主题句：重点在于你每天要做好自己的 事情。 【长难句分析】 She described all the things she had to do—one was to make her bed from the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work.她叙述了 不得不做的所有事情——其中一件是收拾床铺——从早晨醒来那个时刻一直干到她飞速走出 家门去上班。 该句为简单句。破折号前的句子是复合句，其中 she had to do 是定语从句，修饰 all the things；破折号后的句子是一个解释性的分句，具体说明需要做的其中一件事情，是复合句 结构，介词 from...until...说明收拾床铺的时间，其中 she woke up 是定语从句，until 引 导时间状语从句。 (2015·吉林省实验中学高三第二次考试) 主题：人的欲望 词数：292 __1__When a starving man gets a meal，he begins to think about an overcoat； 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 40 - when an executive gets a new sports car，visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view. The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.__2__ The first and most basic level of wants involves food.Once this want is satisfied， a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter.By the end of World War Ⅱ these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans.__3__It included such items as automobiles and new houses. By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied.Then，in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the “lifeenriching” level.While the other levels involve physical satisfaction － the feeding ， comfort ， safety ， and transportation of the human body—this level stresses mental needs for recognition， achievement and happiness.It includes a variety of goods and services，many of which could be called “luxury” items.Among them are vacation trips，the best medical care， and entertainment.__4__ On this level，a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services，while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases，or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level? A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action.Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease，ignorance，crime and prejudice.__5__In this way，we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels. A．Then a third level appeared. B．Different people have different wants on each level. C．There are several levels of wants in one's life. D．When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants，another level appears. E．At this stage，we now may seek to ensure the health，safety，and leisure. F．Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing. G．Human wants seem endless. 【语篇导读】 人的欲望是无穷的。本文介绍了人追求的若干层次，首先是温饱，然后 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 41 - 是穿暖，之后是更好的条件，最后才是安全等。 1．G 根据下文中的“When a starving man gets a meal，he begins to think about an overcoat...”可知，人们的欲望是无止境的。 2．D 根据上文中的“The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.”可知，人们达到一个层次，又想更高的层次出现。 3．A 上文提到两个层次，故此处指第三个层次。此处与上文构成递进关系。 4．F 上文提到人们的需求，当然他们也需要美味的食物和时尚的衣服。此处与上文是 递进关系。 5．E 根据上文中的“...action against disease，ignorance，crime and prejudice.” 可知，我们现在需要确保健康、安全和休闲。信息词 health 与上文“...against disease” 对应。 【长难句分析】 Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases，or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level？当消费者的收入增加的时候，他们是把需求的视野提高到第五个层次， 还是会继续需要奢侈品并停留在第四个层次的个人服务上呢？ 该句为并列复合句。该句为疑问句句式，句子由连词 or 连接并列成分，as 引导时间状 语从句，修饰整个句子。 (2015·山东枣庄三中高三第二次考试) 主题：建立自信 词数：260 Five Ways to Build Selfconfidence Walk Faster. One of the easiest ways to tell how a person feels about herself is to examine her walk.People with confidence walk quickly.They have places to go，people to see， or important work to do.Even if you aren't in a hurry，you can increase your self confidence by putting some energy in your step.__1__ __2__ One of the best ways to build confidence is listening to an inspiring speech.Unluckily，chances to listen to a great speaker are few.You can fill this need by creating a personal speech.Write a 30～60second speech that focuses on your strengths and goals then recite it aloud whenever you need a confidence push. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 42 - Sit in the Front Row. In schools，offices and some other public places people always sit at the back of the room.__3__This is for lack of selfconfidence.By deciding to sit in the front row，you can get over this meaningless fear and build your selfconfidence. Speak up. During group discussions many people never express their opinions because they're afraid that people will judge them for their saying something stupid.__4__By making an effort to express your opinions at least once in every group discussion，you'll become a better public speaker，more confident in your own thoughts. Work out. Along the same lines as personal appearance，physical fitness has huge effect on selfconfidence.__5__By making your body fit and strong，you improve your physical appearance，refresh yourself，and learn something positive. A．Most people prefer that because they're afraid of being noticed. B．Walking 25% faster will make you look and feel more important. C．In fact most people feel good after a walk. D．If you're out of shape，you'll feel unattractive and less energetic. E．Listen to an Inspiring Speech. F．Create a Personal Speech. G．In fact most people are dealing with the same fear. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建立自信的若干方法，其中包括快速行 走、个人演讲、坐在前排、主动参与讲话、保持健康的外表等。 1．B 根据上句“Even if you aren't in a hurry，you can increase your self confidence by putting some energy in your step.”可知，下句继续谈到快速行走的好处。 2．F 根据该段中的“You can fill this need by creating a personal speech.”可 知，该段主要讲个人演讲能够帮助建立自信心。 3．A 根据上文中的“In schools，offices and some other public places people always sit at the back of the room.”可知，大多数人不愿意被注意，所以会坐在后面。 4．G 上文提到人们害怕在公共场合发表自己的看法，其实大多数人都需要应对同样的 担心。上下文为顺承关系。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 43 - 5．D 该段谈到健康的外表很重要，所以身体状况不佳会让人失去吸引力。上下文为转 折关系。 【长难句分析】 During group discussions many people never express their opinions because they're afraid that people will judge them for their saying something stupid. 在小组讨论中，许多人从来不表达他们的看法，因为他们害怕说出愚蠢的语言而受到人们的 评判。 该句为复合句。句中 because 引导原因状语从句，该从句是复合句结构，that 引导宾语 从句；介词 for 引出短语说明原因。 随着高考改革的不断深化，英语试题中越来越突出语用能力的考查。近年来，更多的省 份增加了七选五的试题类型。该题型的阅读材料为一篇长度为 150～320 词的短文，文中有五 处空白，分别在各个段落的段首、段中或段尾。文后有七句话(均为完整句子)，要求我们根 据文章结构、内容从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项。由于给出 的选项中，有的选项区分度不大，试题的难度比常规阅读试题有所增加，而且会出现由于一 处误选导致多处错答的后果。 七选五阅读填空不仅要求我们对所读短文的主旨要义、具体信息有所了解，更要能够把 握全篇文脉和作者的谋篇思路。故此，所选材料通常是我们所熟悉的大众化话题，一般多为 说明文，偶现议论文和记叙文。短文不会少于三个自然段，不会在同一个自然段设两个以上 的空白。文章的第一句不会设空(有小标题的题除外)。所留空白处一般是段落主题句、段落 总结句、过渡句、关键论点支撑句或全篇概括归纳句等。所给的七个选项中有两个选项与正 确选项干扰性较大。 分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是七选五解题的关键。分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一 种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇 层次。语段与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式， 段落是在某些语体(如记叙文、议论文)中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一 个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一 是靠句与句意义的结合，二是靠句与句的关联词、逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时， 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 44 - 可以借助句与句的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句与句的意义关系，把握 作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手， 才能真正理解文章。 七选五阅读理解的题目常常出现以下几种情况：一是描述性结构，主要介绍事物、问题 或倾向的特点，因此时间、地点常是出题重点(记叙文)；二是释义性结构，解释某一理论、 学科、事物，主要用比喻、类比阐述(说明文)；三是比较性结构，把两个人或事物的功能、 特点、优缺点进行对比(议论文)；四是原因性结构，主要分析事物的成因，有客观的、主观 的，也有直接的、间接的分析(说明文)；五是驳斥性结构，主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对 其评论或驳斥，再分析其优缺点、危害性，最后阐明自己的观点(议论文)。具体答题步骤如 下： 步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常 有四个位置：标题，段首，段中，段尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有时有的答案表述 上就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中清除，以降低难度。请从下面几个备选答案中判断句子 的位置(选项选自 2011·辽宁) A．Focus on the future.( ) B．This can be especially harmful to the aged.( ) C．It should be something like learning gardening.( ) D．So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.( ) E ． But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life changing events.( ) F．Luckily，research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.( ) G．In other words，when you take care of your body，you take care of your brain.( ) 步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。 不同的文章有不同的结构形式，确定文章体裁有利于我们确定各段之间的关系。一般说 来，记叙文的语言是按时间发展顺序或因果关系排列的，常用的连接词有：then，later，after that，soon，after a while，in the end，so，as a result，because of that 等。说明文 常采用总—分—总的结构形式，第一段说明要说明的主题，下面几段多是从不同的角度来说 明问题，最后总结，所以各段之间多是平行关系，经常出现举例说明的现象。议论文先抛出 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 45 - 议题，然后从正、反两个方面进行讨论，最后得出结论。新闻体裁的应用文首句为主题句， 下面展开细节性的报道。确定文章体裁有利于预测文章各段主要内容和结构形式，形成重要 的选择依据。 步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。 分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，说明文和议 论文这样体裁的文章，每段的第一句多是主题句。找到主题句有助于帮助确定选择的范围， 即所选句子必须和该段主题一致。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。 要真正体会句与句的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次。 步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。 文章的行文需要通过一定的衔接手段来实现。文章的衔接手段有：重复使用某一词语或 子范畴的词语，使用同义词表达，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词避 免重复等。上述方法有助于段落的思路在句子之间平稳过渡。连贯使文章的每个段落、每个 句子甚至每个短语融为一体。段落一致与句子衔接是文章连贯的两个必要因素。 步骤五：区分相似项 七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别 细致地比对相似选项，方法和解答阅读理解时区分相似项一样。 步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。 将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题， 语篇结构是否通顺连贯、合乎逻辑、具有一致性，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是 否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 46 - 主题：成年人如何交友 词数：215 When you ask people how to make friends as an adult，they usually give you suggestions like，“get out there” “join a dance class” or “try spend dating”．__1__ After all，making friends does require us to get out into the world and take a few emotional risks. Most of the time，however，we are not lacking for ideas on where to meet people.__2__ For this reason，most people find that reconnecting with themselves is a first step towards reconnecting with others. If you feel tired，out of shape，or sad，most of the time，making friends is going to be extremely difficult.__3__ Start small.Use the 1 minute technique to gradually increase your commitment to exercise.Get out into nature.Set a timer to remind yourself to get up every hour to stretch.Try gentle yoga. While you build up your body，don't forget to nourish(滋养)your mind.Write down one thing every day that you are grateful for.__4__ Learn to become your own best friend. __5__ Instead of relying on our social circumstances to bring people into our lives，we need to change ourselves first and then invite people into our lives. A．On the surface，these are fine suggestions. B．Spend a few minutes every day in reflection. C．It will be even more difficult when you are an adult. D．We only need to know how to start a conversation with strangers. E．We are missing the motivation and selfconfidence to get started. F．Making friends as an adult is possible，but it requires a new approach. G．Fortunately，there are plenty of simple things that you can do to increase your physical and emotional resources. 【语篇导读】 本文主要讲成年人如何交朋友，不能只是简单靠走出去参与各种活动， 更需要从自身做起，提升自己的身心健康，让自己变得更有吸引力。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 47 - 1．A 空前句中有“give you suggestions like...”，空后句对这些建议表示肯定， 故 A 项中的“these are fine suggestions”在此起衔接作用。 2．E 根据空前句“we are not lacking...”可以看出 E 项“we are missing...”与 之句式相似，在意义上也对应：我们不缺少……而缺少……。再根据空后句的“For this reason...”的因果关系，可以确定 E 正确。 3．G 空处衔接本段主题句和下文，起着承上启下的作用，G 项符合语境。 4．B 根据空前后句都是祈使句，且跟本段首句是总分关系可以推断出答案 B。 reflection“沉思，思考，回忆”。 5．F 此空为本段主题句，也是对全文的总结。根据空后句的“Instead of...we need to...”可以看出，作者让读者改变原来的方式，采取新方式。故选择 F。 主题：逃生游戏 词数：304 Reallife Room Escape Games Reallife room escape games are a type of physical adventure game in which people are locked in a room with other participants and have to use the things in the room to settle a series of puzzles，find clues(线索)，and escape the room within a set time limit. The games are based off Escape the Room video games，such as Crimson Room and QPShot，created by TAKAGISM Inc.by Toshimitsu Takagi in 2005，in which the player is locked inside a room and must explore his or her surroundings in order to escape.__1__ Other inspirations include adventure board games and movies.Reallife room escape games are becoming popular in the United States，Japan，and China.__2__For example，some games require you escape prison cells while others require you escape space stations. __3__ Soon，they were exported to North America，Asia and Australia.Examples include the two pioneer companies Hint Hunt and Adventure Rooms. The games were so successful that new locations began opening up across China， in cities big and small，according to Want China Times.In the southern city of Shenzhen， for example，the first escape game location opened last August.__4__ “These real life escape games can help those who stay at home on their computers and iPads all 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 48 - day to experience real social circles，” Tian Xiaochuan，who owns two room escape game stores in Jinan，told Want China Times. Earlier this year，The South China Morning Post said the reallife escape games are a hit among “highly stressed students and overworked young professionals.” __5__Some players get so involved that they tear down equipment or decorations inside their “prisons”，as Zhu Yumeng，chief operating officer of Beijing room escape game store Taoquan told China Daily. A．Each game adds local themes to settings. B．And seven new game locations quickly followed. C．They should also be brave enough to face their fears. D．Sometimes the excitement becomes a bit much，though. E．Weekend or day event escape games have been held in some stores. F．Permanent real life escape games in a fixed location were first opened in Europe. G．Players must be observant and use their critical thinking skills to escape the room. 【语篇导读】 本文介绍了一种新的游戏：生活版的室内逃生。 1．G 上文说到参与游戏的人被锁在一个房间，必须探索他或她的环境从而逃脱。因此 选项 G“参与游戏者必须善于观察和使用他们的批判性思维技能来逃离房间”谈到的是游戏 对参与者的要求，符合语境。 2．A 上文说到房间逃脱游戏在美国、日本和中国越来越流行。因此，承接上文，作者 说到：每个游戏增加了本地主题设置。即：美国、日本和中国都增加了自己的各地的特色。 3．F 这里是追述游戏的历史，且下文 soon 一词与 F 选项中的 first opened in...相 承接。 4．B 本段开始说到：游戏是如此成功，它很快就在中国流行开来，先是深圳……故选 项 B“其他七个新游戏地点随后很快跟上”起到了语义上的承接。 5．D 由下文可知有些参与者太过投入，他们拆除自己家里的设备或装修来玩这种游戏。 选项 D 中的 a bit much 符合语境。 主题：记者的要素 词数：303 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 49 - Did you ever tell somebody about something that had happened at work or school that day？If so，you were reporting that event.You may think being a reporter means simply getting one's facts straight and telling a story that's of broad，general interest.__1__ To be a good reporter，you need to be able to read，write，speak and listen effectively.__2__ So making your communication skills the best they can be is quite important if you want to be a good reporter.Keep a notebook or a journal，and remember to practice noting down what happens，whenever and wherever it happens. In addition，you should obey the following rules. __3__ When an issue is debatable，do your best to cover both sides.Don't assume things，and never make up details；reporters are supposed to seek and report the facts.Lying，making up stories or quotes，or misquoting someone will damage your credibility(信誉)． __4__ As a reporter your job is to report the facts so that others can form their own opinions.Make sure you present all the important details without twisting them to your own viewpoint. Generally，a story starts with who，what，where，when，why and how.Build details from there，beginning with the most important information and ending with the least important.By including the most important information first，you allow your editor to cut the back of the story if it runs too long.__5__ You can report on current events， or you can do feature stories，which are usually of a more general interest. Carry a camera and a tape recorder so that you have them on hand whenever you need them.Be prepared to turn over your notes.Your news publisher may want to check your information before publishing it. A．Strive for accuracy. B．Reporters should practice noting down whatever happens. C．You also need to be able to ask good questions. D．Seek out stories you find interesting. E．End with some important information F．Avoid expressing personal opinions. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 50 - G．But actually it's not so easy. 【语篇导读】 你可能认为成为一个记者意味着报道一个事实，采访某一个人，但实际 上并不是那么容易，本文主要介绍成为一个记者要遵守的规则。 1．G 上文作者假设一般人的看法，接着作者给出了自己的结论：但实际上并不是那么 容易。这句话其实是为展开下文埋下了伏笔。因此，是文章的过渡句，承上启下。 2．C 上句讲到作为一个好记者，要能够有效地读、写、说、听；下句又说到：沟通技 巧对一个好记者而言是相当重要的。因此，选项 C“你也要善于提问。”也是在讲一个好的记 者所应具备的。选项中 also 也表明上下文是递进关系。 3．A 下文作者主要是告诫我们：当问题还有争议时记者应采访当事人双方，不要想当 然；应该寻求并报告事实。因此“力求准确”能概括本段的大意。 4．F 选项 F“Avoid expressing personal opinions.”与下文的“report the facts” 相对应，符合行文逻辑。 5．D 本段作者主要是告诉我们作为记者应该从什么地方开始，写什么东西。选项 D 与 上下文构成顺承关系。 主题：环境保护 词数：234 A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment.The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference.__1__ Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.__2__After a while ， it collects in the sea.And plastic never goes away.Plastic is not biodegradable—destroyed by bacteria or natural processes.Instead，it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time.The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants.__3__That means harmful material may get into our food supply. __4__Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it.They can use fewer single use product containers and throw plastics away correctly.Plastic recycling programs also works—where old bottles and other plastics are collected， broken down and used to make new products.We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish to，rather than end it after the first use.We could，when we 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 51 - get rid of that plastic，recycle it and reuse it，which replaces the need for raw materials. The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics.__5__And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.By putting a new value on plastic，industry has a special reason to clean up the environment. But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem. A．Then，fish may eat the plastics. B．It asks for them to better measure and direct plastic use. C．The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters. D．The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation. E．Plastics should be gathered together and reused. F．But people can make a big difference. G．It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了塑料对生态环境的危害及治理措施。 1．D 上文的一份新报告中提到塑料对海洋环境的污染，据此可知，该报告谈到塑料对 海洋生物的危害及治理措施。选项与上文构成递进关系。 2．C 上文中的“Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.”是段落主题句，紧接上一句说明塑料被扔掉而进入河流等后的漂流情况。上下 文构成顺承关系，注意上下文的关键信息词顺序依次为：rivers→waterways→coastal areas→ocean waters→sea。 3．A 上文提到海洋中含有化学污染物，那么鱼就会把它们当作食物吃掉。 4．F 根据下文中的“Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it.”可知，人们可以尽力改变这种情况。选项与上文构成转折关系。 5．B 根据上文中的“The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics.”可知 B 项正确。选项中 them 指上文中的 companies。 【长难句分析】 We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish to，rather than end it after the first use.如果我们愿意，可以重复多次使用家里的瓶 子，而不是在第一次使用后就扔掉。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 52 - 该句为复合句。句中 if 引导条件状语从句；rather than 是连词词组，连接了主句中的 两个并列谓语。 主题：挑战自己 词数：265 If something that you're doing doesn't challenge you，then it doesn't change you.We all need some normal stress in our lives，after all.__1__So challenge the following limits： 1．Figure out what you're scared of and do it continuously. If you're a salesman，and you're scared of talking to people personally or over the phone，now，instead of being scared and thinking you'll fail，spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call.__2__But don't stop on the first try！Eventually，you can look at fear in the eyes and say，“Go on.I'm not scared！” 2．__3__ Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career；you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this.Some examples might be cooking，sewing，painting and so on.Apart from helping you challenge yourself，taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income. 3．Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. __4__A simple 9 minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight，but also make you feel better about yourself. 4．Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people. Don't just limit yourself to your fellow travelers—try to connect with the service staff.You never know what kind of people they're going to be.Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class.__5__ A．You should do it continuously. B．Someone may hang up on you. C．You don't need to go to the gym. D．Running in the gym may be a better choice. E．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 53 - F．Take a class for a hobby you've been wanting to develop. G．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了挑战自己，丰富生活的方法，其中包括 主动和人交谈、培养自己的爱好、加强体育锻炼及旅行等。 1．G 上文提到生活需要适度的挑战，所以如果你处于舒适的境地就不会有任何进步， 所以就需要挑战下面的极限了。上下文构成因果关系。 2．B 上文中的“Figure out what you're scared of and do it continuously.”是 段落主旨，并从下文“对方挂掉电话也要坚持”，可以推知：对方会对你打电话时做出的反 应。 3．F 根据下文中的“Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career...”可 以推知，注意学习和培养自己的爱好。 4．C 根据上文中的段落主旨，再联系下文中的“A simple 9minute run around your neighborhood...”可知，你不必去体育场。 5．E 上文中的“Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.”是 段落主题句，据此可以推知，作者建议去旅行并学会挑战自己。 【长难句分析】 If you're a salesman，and you're scared of talking to people personally or over the phone，now，instead of being scared and thinking you'll fail， spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call.如果你是一 名销售人员，害怕亲自或在电话上和人交谈，现在请不要担心或者想到自己会失败，每天至 少花费五分钟拿起电话打电话。 该句为并列复合句。句首的 if 引导条件状语从句，该从句是并列句结构，两个分句由连 词 and 连接。主句是祈使句结构，“instead of...”引出的部分作状语，其中 thinking 之后 跟宾语从句。 主题：健康睡眠 词数：314 Everyone sleeps.However，taking the time to develop a sleep habit is probably the last thing on your mind and some sleep advice simply can't be forgotten.__1__ Watching TV until you fall asleep It has nothing to do with what you watch—TV news isn't a better presleep choice than TV series.__2__The bright light keeps you awake all the night.So even if you 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 54 - nod off(in front of the TV，for example)，you probably won't stay asleep for long. Sleeping with pets __3__They get comfortable，and then they move.This goes on all night，and whether you admit it or not，it interrupts your ability to get the level of sleep needed to feel rested. Eating fatty，heavy foods too close to bedtime Heartburn(烧心，胃痛)strikes anyone of any age，but it's the most common GI disorder(胃肠失调)in older adults.If you've ever tried to go to sleep after eating a fatty meal，you've probably found the discomfort of stomach preventing you from falling asleep or staying asleep. __4__ Remember how poorly you sleep when you have a fever—turning over and over again， never really feeling rested？Well，heavy exercise too close to bedtime has the same effect—it raises your body temperature so that your sleep is disturbed until your body temperature drops to normal，which may take several hours. Accepting snoring(打呼噜)as normal sleep behavior Snoring may seem as common as breathing，but it's considered the biggest sleep killer，and it's linked to several causes: sleeping on your back，being overweight， having a cold，drinking，or taking drugs.__5__For the snorer，it disturbs sleep by awakening him/her every so often in order to breathe normally.For the partner，the noise can be unbearable. A．Exercising heavily too close to bedtime B．Here are some suggestions you'll need to follow. C．Reducing your body temperature before bedtime D．Rather it's the TV's bright light that is the criminal. E．Here are some bad habits you need to get rid of. F．Most seriously，it's caused by a dangerous illness. G．Pets sleep most of the day，and they move a lot when sleeping. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。养成良好的睡眠习惯对健康十分重要，但是到底哪 些是不利于健康的睡眠习惯呢？ 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 55 - 1．E 根据下文内容可知，此句为总结性语言，引出下文中需改掉的坏习惯，起承上启 下的作用。 2．D 上文提到，和电视剧相比，在睡觉前看电视新闻不是一个更好的选择，下文紧接 着出现了“The bright light”所以，该句应该为“其实影响睡眠的罪魁祸首是电视的强 光”。其中 Rather 表转折关系。 3．G 根据下文中的“They get comfortable，and then they move.”可知，睡眠的时 候，宠物老是动弹。选项 pet 与本段小标题中的 pet 对应。 4．A 根据下文中的“heavy exercise too close to bedtime has the same effect” 可知，睡前高强度的锻炼也是不好的习惯。 5．F 本段谈到打呼噜对健康的危害，比较严重的情况是，它可能是由严重的疾病引起 的。上下文构成递进关系。 【长难句分析】 Snoring may seem as common as breathing，but it's considered the biggest sleep killer，and it's linked to several causes: sleeping on your back， being overweight，having a cold，drinking，or taking drugs.打呼噜似乎和呼吸一样普 通，但是它却被看成是睡眠的最大杀手，还有它和各种原因有关联：仰卧睡眠、超重、感冒、 饮酒或者吸毒。 该句为并列句。句子由 and 连接并列成分，其中前一分句是并列句，句中 but 表示转折 意义。后一分句是简单句，句中冒号之后说明了 causes 的具体内容。 主题：家庭关系 词数：204 Many of us would like to become closer with our moms and dads.__1__This may take some time，especially if your relationship isn't the best but with a little patience and some of the following tips，you can become friends with your parents. Work through past scars and negativity. If you have childhood issues caused by your parents，you'll need to work through them.__2__Forgiveness is an important element here，because without it the past will arise in the present day as anger and hurt.It's hard to be friends with someone when you can't get over the way things used to be. __3__ Sometimes parents and children naturally become friends as the children get 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 56 - older.But other times，however，parents and children haven't had a chance to bond as adults.__4__Or they just never approached their relationship from the standpoint of friendship.It's an adjustment that takes some time，but can happen. Have a positive friendship with your parents. Becoming friends with your parents should be a positive experience overall.If you're unsure how to begin，start by expressing your interest in a friendship with them.Hearing you say that you desire this change in your relationship will probably make them feel good.__5__ A．It is rather difficult to live with parents. B．Perhaps they don't share the same interests. C．Develop shared interests with your parents. D．Children prefer to rely on themselves instead of parents. E．As a result they'll be more willing to work toward friendship. F．You should put the past behind so you can forgive your parents. G．A friendship with your parents can make you appreciate them more. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。和父母建立良好的关系有很大的益处，那么到底如 何和父母建立朋友般的关系呢？本文给出了若干建议，其中包括忘记过去的不快等。 1．G 根据上句“Many of us would like to become closer with our moms and dads.” 可知，此处谈到和父母建立友谊的重要性。与父母的友谊可以让你更加欣赏他们，该句与前 文构成递进关系。 2．F 根据该段前面的主题句“Work through past scars and negativity.”可知，你 应该忘记过去，原谅你的父母。选项中关键信息词 past 和 forgiveness 在上下文中出现。 3．C 根据段落中描述可知，要和父母分享相同的爱好，这样才能有相同的立场。 4．B 根据下文连词 or 引出的“Or they just never approached their relationship from the standpoint of friendship.”可知，或许父母和孩子的兴趣不同。 5．E 根据段落主题句“Have a positive friendship with your parents”可知，最 终他们会致力于和你建立良好的关系。选项与上文构成因果关系。 【长难句分析】 This may take some time，especially if your relationship isn't the best but with a little patience and some of the following tips，you can become friends with your parents.这可能要花些时间，特别是如果你们的关系不是特别好，但是 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 57 - 有点耐心，并按照下面的一些方法去做，你就能够和父母成为朋友。 该句为并列复合句。句子由 but 连接，其中前一分句是复合句，含有 if 引导的条件状语 从句。后一分句是简单句，其中 with 引导的短语作状语。 主题：摄影技术 词数：209 Every day is a good day to catch those special moments.__1__To help make sure you are ready in a “flash”，below are several important tips to taking great family photos. Center your subject.Try to take your photo when everyone is as close to the center as possible.__2__It also prevents you from accidentally cutting anyone out of the photo by having them too close to the edge of the picture. __3__Many of the best photos are those that get close to the detail and make the image seem to come to life.You can create this type of feeling by getting as close to the subject as possible.For reasons of safety and location，however，this isn't always possible.Therefore，using your camera's feature will help bring the subject to you. Reduce the red eye.__4__If you are taking a family photo，look for your camera's red eye reduction feature and make sure everyone that their eyes will not outshine their presence. Get creative.Positioning yourself above or below the subject will create a more dramatic feel to the pictures.You can also snag some great snapshots by catching your subjects offguard.__5__When your subjects aren't expecting the camera，you will be able to capture those true life moments. A．Try to get closer to the subject. B．Cameras usually have many practical feathers. C．This provides for a more visually pleasing image. D．Finding the centre is rather difficult in taking pictures. E．The most realistic images are those that are unexpected. F．It's good to be prepared for that perfect photo opportunity. G．People avoid the camera to prevent their eyes turning red in photos. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 58 - 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了拍照的技巧，其中包括确定主题、靠近 主题、减少红眼和富有创造性等。 1．F 根据上句“Every day is a good day to catch those special moments.”可知， 做好拍照的准备是不错的。上下文构成递进关系。选项中 prepared 与下文 ready 是互为同义 的重要信息词。 2．C 根据该段的主题句“Center your subject.”可知，这样可以提供令人愉悦的形 象。上下文为因果关系。 3．A 联系下文中的“Many of the best photos are those that get close to the detail and make the image seem to come to life.”可知本段主要讲了拍照的时候要靠近主题。 4．G 前句是段落主题句，据此可知，拍照的时候要避免红眼。注意前后文的关键信息 词“red eye”。 5．E 根据上句“You can also snag some great snapshots by catching your subjects offguard.”和下文“When your subjects aren't expecting...”可知，出乎意料的照片 通常会富有创造性。 【长难句分析】 To help make sure you are ready in a “flash”，below are several important tips to taking great family photos.为了确保你在瞬间做好准备，下面是几个 重要的方法，它们能够帮助你拍出很棒的家庭照。 该句为复合句。句首的动词不定式短语 to help...是目的状语，其中 make sure 之后是 宾语从句。主句部分是倒装结构。 主题：交际艺术 词数：229 How to Improve Your Social Life In this world，developing social skills is one of the most important parts of growing up.However ， not everybody is able to fully develop their own potential.__1__However，there are some ways to overcome their situation. __2__ One of the first things you have to deal with is body language.By studying body language，you will be able to correct yourself and put on a friendlier image.A simple smile and a simple gesture of the hands go a long way when it comes to developing social skills. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 59 - Widen your circle. It's hard to continue developing social skills when you don't have a lot of friends.Don't be afraid to go out there and meet new people.__3__You can also try joining community organizations.Joining the gardening club or the cooking class a few blocks down is a great way to meet people with common interests. Follow your role model. __4__On the contrary，having a role model actually helps you in developing social skills.Having someone encourage you to take leaps of faith and gives you proper direction.Of course，it would be best if your role model actually has admirable social skills in the first place. Developing social skills is very important.__5__As long as they are determined to work on improving these skills every chance they get，there is a bright future waiting ahead. A．Use the right body language. B．Try to get along well with others. C．You can start by meeting friends of friends. D．As a result，these people tend to miss out a lot in life. E．Many people tend to ignore the importance of role models. F．Even the shyest people in the world can overcome their inability. G．As a matter of fact，it is very difficult for people to grasp the social skills. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。如何改善自己的社会生活，本文作者给出若干建议： 使用恰当的身体语言、扩大交际圈、树立自己的榜样等。 1．D 上文是因：并不是每个人都能充分发挥自己的潜力，选项是果：所以生活中他们 容易失去很多。上下文互为因果关系。 2．A 根据下文中的“One of the first things you have to deal with is body language.”可知，本段主要讲使用适当的身体语言。 3．C 选项句式与上文句式一致：You can...；且上下文为递进关系。扩大交际圈，其 中包括会见朋友的朋友，这样可以认识更多的朋友。 4．E 选项与下文“On the contrary...”是对比关系即许多人容易忽视榜样的重要性。 5．F 下句是条件，选项是结果，即使是最害羞的人也能够克服自己的缺陷。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 60 - 【长难句分析】 As long as they are determined to work on improving these skills every chance they get，there is a bright future waiting ahead.只要他们决心致力于 抓住任何机会提高这些技能，前面就会有一个光明的未来等待着他们。 该句为复合句。句子中 as long as 引导条件状语从句，该从句是复合句结构，every chance 引导时间状语从句。主句含有 there be 句型。 主题：学习效率 词数：216 How to Study Effectively Most people are having a hard time to study effectively.__1__The following are tips on how to study effectively. Consider place and time. When you wish to study effectively，consider the place and the time.__2__You devote yourself to studying only with one common place you are most comfortable with.This will actually help you focus and concentrate as you can associate the time and place every time you study.You can actually make it a habit at the usual place and time. __3__ Most of the time，people always believe that coffee is the best drink to take while you are studying.They always want to drink this because they think coffee can actually keep them awake.It is true that coffee helps in keeping you awake，but coffee also gives negative effects.This can actually slow down your memory and decreases your attention span.__4__Water is always best recommended while studying. Take breaks. It is best recommended that you take breaks between your studying periods.It is very important that you take a break before you feel tired and begin to lose your concentration completely.Regular breaks can actually help you sustain and maintain your concentration.You do not feel tired that easily.__5__If you think you need longer breaks，then it is best that you do it. A．Water helps a lot. B．Arrive at school in time. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 - 61 - C．It also increases your anxiety. D．You are allowed to drink water in class. E．The breaks may depend on the person's capacity in focusing. F．It is always thought to be best to study at the same time and place. G．No matter how hard you try there are just some things that can distract you. 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。要有好的学习效率，就要做到注意力集中。在作者 看来，固定的时间和地点、及时补充水分、注意劳逸结合等都对有效学习有好的效果。 1．G 根据前句“Most people are having a hard time to study effectively.”可 知，我们总会遇到让人分心的事情。 2．F 根据“Consider place and time.”可知，在同一时间和地点学习有好的效果。 3．A 作者在本段中建议在学习时尽量不要喝咖啡，最好是喝水。 4．C 上文提到喝咖啡的副作用，该空继续谈它的副作用：也会增加你的焦虑程度。 5．E 本段主要是谈休息的重要性，故 E 项符合文意。 【长难句分析】 It is very important that you take a break before you feel tired and begin to lose your concentration completely.你要在感到疲劳并开始完全失去注意 力之前休息，这样做很重要。 该句为复合句。句子含有句型“It＋be＋adj.＋thatclause”句型，该句型的意思是 “……很重要”，其中 it 是形式主语，that 引导的从句是真正主语，该从句是复合句结构， 含有 before 引导的时间状语从句。