【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解板块限时练学案(二)

【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解板块限时练学案(二)

‎2020届二轮复习 阅读理解板块限时练学案(二)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·河南省普通高中毕业班高考适应性测试)‎ Statement from Scholastic on Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them In the first printing of the newly updated Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them brought out by Scholastic, three sentences from the original section on Hippogriffs were accidentally left off. We regret this error and we want to promise our readers that those editions are no longer being shipped and a corrected edition is now in print and being shipped for all current orders.‎ We want the Harry Potter fans who eagerly secured their copies on the initial printing to be fully satisfied with their purchase. Therefore, any book with the missing sentences can be exchanged for the newer version by returning the book to Scholastic.‎ To exchange your copy for the corrected edition, please call the customer service department at 8772261064, Monday through Friday, 7 am through 6 pm Central Time to receive a prepaid mailing label (标签) to return your copy. We will send you the corrected edition upon receipt ‎ of the copy with the missing sentences.‎ We take pride in the entirety of the books we publish, and we have corrected this error as quickly as possible in a way that will address our readers' concerns most effectively. We ask for our customers' understanding and support as we improve the situation.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。学乐出版社就最新出版的《神奇动物在哪里》一书中的错误发表了声明。‎ ‎1．What does Scholastic do?‎ A．A writer. B．A publisher.‎ C．A magazine. D．A bookstore.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文中的关键词printing, book, publish等可以得知，Scholastic是一家出版社。故选B。‎ ‎2．What can be learnt about the exchange?‎ A．It can be an oldfornew service.‎ B．It is made at costumers' expense.‎ C．It is targeted at Harry Potter buyers.‎ D．The call for exchange can be made everyday.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“any book with the missing sentences ...by returning the book to Scholastic”及第三段中的“We will send you the corrected edition upon receipt ...sentences.”可知，顾客要想更换新版本图书，应把有错误的图书退给Scholastic，可以说这是一个以旧换新的服务。故选A。‎ ‎3．Why does Scholastic make this statement?‎ A．To advertise a newly released book.‎ B．To apologize for sending the wrong order.‎ C．To correct a mistake and beg for understanding.‎ D．To appreciate readers' feedback on the book.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要是Scholastic就《神奇动物在哪里》这本书中的错误发表的声明，该声明旨在提出补救措施，并希望得到读者的谅解。故选C。‎ B ‎(2019·湖南六校联考)Keeping fit often means sharing a busy pathway with cyclists, runners and walkers, but imagine facing the task of doing it all without being able to see or hear. It is a challenge many disabled athletes face, unless someone agrees to be their eyes and ears.‎ Newly formed group Achilles Brisbane pairs visionand hearingimpaired (视觉和听觉受损的) athletes with people who would like to guide them.‎ Jane Britt, president of Achilles Brisbane, who is visionand hearingimpaired, said, “When we go out, it's much less frightening to have someone beside us that has full hearing to listen for us and tell us what's there.”‎ Ms. Cullen and Ms. Britt meet up most Saturday mornings to take part in the free fivekilometer park run. Their partnership is built on trust,‎ ‎ but Ms. Britt said that it took time to develop.‎ Ms. Britt said it took an unexpected storm for her to trust Ms. Cullen completely. “There was violent rain, my glasses were broken and we were walking together. I suddenly had to tell her I couldn't see anything, and I was going to have to completely trust her. From that time I knew it was going to work because she was so good about dealing with the special situation we both found ourselves in，” she said.‎ Isabella Allen and her seeing eye dog Tatum are two new additions to the Achilles Brisbane. Ms. Allen kept active by rowing, running and cycling but found it difficult to keep going as her vision became worse. After nearly giving up completely, she worked up the courage to ask Achilles Brisbane to find someone to share a boat with her.‎ Ms. Allen said the fear of not finding anyone to row with almost stopped her from reaching out to Achilles Brisbane. “But, they found people and matched me to them，” she said. “It's the best thing I've ever done.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。残疾人参加体育锻炼与正常人是不同的，他们常常面临各种挑战，为此专门成立了一个锻炼帮扶组织。文章讲述了该组织帮扶的两个具体事例。‎ ‎4．What does paragraph 1 try to show?‎ A．The danger of walking on a busy road.‎ B．The difficulty the disabled athletes face.‎ C．The exercise people do to keep fit.‎ D．The necessity of building roads for the blind.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“but imagine facing the task of doing it all without being able to see or hear. It is a challenge many disabled athletes face, unless someone agrees to be their eyes and ears”可知，对于视觉和听觉受损的运动员来说，参加锻炼是一项挑战，除非有人做他们的耳朵和眼睛；由此可推知，第一段旨在说明残疾人运动员所面临的困难，故B项正确。‎ ‎5．How does Jane Britt feel about going out alone?‎ A．Relaxed. B．Excited.‎ C．Worried. D．Bored.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When we go out, it's much less frightening to have someone beside us that has full hearing to listen for us and tell us what's there.”可知，Jane Britt认为，我们出去的时候，如果我们身旁有听力正常的人为我们去听并告诉我们那里有什么，那就没有那么可怕了。由此可推知，Jane Britt对独自外出感到担忧。故C项正确。‎ ‎6．What happened in the heavy rain according to Ms. Britt?‎ A．She developed a strong sense of teamwork.‎ B．She led Ms. Cullen forward on the road.‎ C．She began to rely on Ms. Cullen as her guide.‎ D．She fell down on the ground.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“I suddenly had to tell her I couldn't see anything, and I was going to have to completely trust her.”可知，Britt的眼镜在大雨中碎了，她看不到东西，完全依靠Cullen女士帮她指路。故C项正确。‎ ‎7．What was the best thing Ms. Allen has done?‎ A．Asking Achilles Brisbane for help.‎ B．Working in Achilles Brisbane.‎ C．Exercising nonstop.‎ D．Meeting Tatum.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“‘But, they found people and matched me to them，’ she said. ‘It's the best thing I've ever done.’”可知，Allen女士认为她做得最好的事情是向Achilles Brisbane求助，故A项正确。‎ C ‎(2019·银川质量检测)Endless queues and long waits at the ticket inspection desks at China's major train stations were the signature of the Spring Festival travel rush before 2018. Every year, as the country's biggest national holiday unfolded, a huge flow of travelers would leave staff at the checkin desks facing a dilemma.‎ But with the installment (安装) of artificial intelligence (AI) in dozens of train stations in 2018, including a facial recognition system which is able to process passenger identification within five seconds and ‎ therefore speed up the waiting process, busy scenes started to become something of the past.‎ When a passenger approaches the camera inside the facial recognition system at the station, it scans his face and then quickly compares it with the photograph shown on his identification card in real time. If the information matches, the barrier gates will open and allow the passenger to go through.‎ Such use of facial recognition technology is in line with discussions heard at the recent two sessions meeting, a key annual political event, which focused on the widespread application of a security network named Tianwang (“Sky Net” in English) currently being used by China's public security department.‎ The network, according to reports by the People's Daily, has the potential to recognize the facial features of anyone in the world and match them on the spot with photographs on a database of criminal suspects. In fact, it can analyze photographic identity so quickly that it can scan every single Chinese face on the planet in just one second, and it would only take two seconds to scan every face in the world, with an accuracy rate of up to 99.8 percent.‎ Those are just two examples that highlight the development of Chinese visual AI technology, which industry insiders predict could contribute to powerful growth in the global technology sector this year.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了可视AI技术在中国的重要应用。‎ ‎8．What's the author's purpose in writing the first paragraph?‎ A．To introduce the following topic of the passage.‎ B．To describe the Spring Festival.‎ C．To inform readers of the development of China.‎ D．To explain the dilemma of the staff.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段及对全文的整体理解可推知，作者写第一段是为了导入本文主题，即AI技术在现实生活中的应用。‎ ‎9．What's the solution to the Spring Festival travel rush?‎ A．Using artificial intelligence.‎ B．Opening more barrier gates.‎ C．Limiting the number of passengers.‎ D．Increasing more staff at the checkin desks.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据对第二段的整体理解可知，AI技术的应用使中国春节车站人流拥堵的场景开始成为过去，也即得以解决。‎ ‎10．What can we know about facial recognition technology?‎ A．Its application leads to a heated discussion.‎ B．Its application is useless to policemen.‎ C．Its operating speed is not yet high enough.‎ D．Its accuracy rate is very high.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“with an accuracy rate of up to 99.8 percent”可知，人脸识别技术的准确率很高，高达99.8%。‎ ‎11．What's the author's attitude towards Chinese visual AI technology?‎ A．Depressed. B．Positive.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent.‎ 解析：选B　观点态度题。根据最后一段和对全文的整体理解可知，中国可视AI技术的应用解决了中国春节车站人流拥堵问题，同时也被应用于公安系统，由此可推知，作者对中国可视AI技术持积极的态度。‎ D ‎(2019·兰州高三诊断考试)For those of us who attempt to keep up with the fashion world to ensure our cupboards stay fresh, the real skeletons in our cupboards are those pieces we bought and only wore once or twice —mostly from following each season's new trends.‎ With fast fashion brands like Forever 21, H&M and Zara's constant output of new trendy clothing at low prices, it's easy to fall into the trap of buying clothes regardless of whether you really need them. But unnecessary purchasing, and the mass production of clothing, aren't just hard on our wallets —they are hard on the environment.‎ One of the first steps in getting unwanted clothes out of your cupboard is to sell or consign (寄送) them. But because popular resale shops like Buffalo Exchange and Crossroads don't accept fast fashion brands because they don't profit enough from them, people often turn to throwing their old clothing in the dustbins.‎ Many consumers don't realize that clothing and textiles (纺织品) are recyclable or how to recycle them. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the United States generated 16.22 million tons of waste textiles in 2017 and recycled only 2.62 million tons. Ten and a half million tons of textiles were finally buried under the ground that year.‎ Vetements, a Parisian fashion brand worn by celebrities like Kanye West and Rihanna, aimed to bring awareness to the problem of fast fashion brands and clothing waste with a recent window display at Saks Fifth Avenue in New York. The window contained a giant pile of clothes. The pile, which grew daily, was made up of old clothes donated by Saks employees and outofseason items from the store.‎ On Aug. 10, the clothing from the display was donated to RewearAble, a Long Island recycling program that collects old clothes and textiles, and prepares them for resale or repurposes the textiles.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了快时尚品牌加剧了衣物的废旧，而大量的废旧衣物对环境造成了很大影响，然而一些废旧衣物可以重新被利用或出售。‎ ‎12．What keeps customers coming back to fast fashion brands like Forever 21, H&M and Zara?‎ A．Good shopping environment.‎ B．Discounts and promotional activities.‎ C．Warm and thoughtful service of the salesmen.‎ D．Low prices and a continuous supply of new looks.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“With fast fashion brands like Forever 21, H&M and Zara's constant output of new trendy clothing at low prices”可知，这些品牌持续吸引顾客的是不断翻新的花样，以及低廉的价格。故选D。‎ ‎13．Where can you find the data that best supports “fast fashion is hard on the environment”？‎ A．In paragraph 2. B．In paragraph 3.‎ C．In paragraph 4. D．In paragraph 5.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“the United States generated 16.22 million tons of waste textiles in 2017 and recycled only 2.62 million tons”可知，该段用数据证明了废旧的衣物给环境造成的影响，而正是快时尚品牌加剧了衣物的废旧，故选C。‎ ‎14．What can be learned about the window display created by Vetements?‎ A．It can help the environment.‎ B．It does good to people's health.‎ C．It can help change people's lives.‎ D．It will take the lead in the latest fashion.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“the clothing from the display was donated to RewearAble, a Long Island recycling program that collects old clothes and textiles”可知，Vetements将展示的旧衣物捐赠了出去，从而可以让衣物重新出售，或者将纺织品重新利用。由此可推知，这样做可以保护环境。故选A。‎ ‎15．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．How to Stop Buying Unnecessary Clothes B．Fast Fashion Brands Spread Around the World C．The Advantages and Disadvantages of Fast Fashion D．Fast Fashion Can Kill Your Wallet and the Environment 解析：选D　标题归纳题。文章第一至四段讲述了追随潮流而购买的衣物，变成旧衣物之后，不但浪费钱，而且还会给环境带来危害；文章第五、六段列举了Vetements的例子，表明旧衣物可以重新被利用起来，从而减少对环境的危害。由此可推知，D项符合题意。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·河南省豫南九校第一次联考)In today's fastpaced and sometimes uncaring society, it can be challenging to find anything to lift your spirits when you feel sad. In spite of how bad things may appear, there are some things you can do to get happy and enjoy your day. __16__‎ Get yourself an attitude of gratitude. For centuries, people over the world have recognized how powerful gratitude is when it comes to lifting one's spirits. Frequently we are so caught up in what we lack that we fail to recognize all that we possess. Often, we are only reminded of the blessings present in our world when we meet someone worse off than we are or when those blessings are no longer a reality. __17__Keep a list of things for which you are grateful — in case you need to jog your memory.‎ Brighten someone's day. It may be you who are feeling the blues, but when you brighten someone else's day, yours automatically becomes brighter. Smiles spread easily. __18__‎ Get some fresh air. Fresh air refreshes the senses and makes you more likely to get up and do something rather than sit there in an unpleasant mood. __19__ Even just walking in your flower or vegetable garden will do the trick.‎ ‎__20__ Because the heart rate and breathing rate increase during exercise, a greater amount of oxygen is delivered to the body tissue. In addition to relieving stress, heightened physical activity will decrease the level of the stress hormone (荷尔蒙). As such, your mood can quickly change from a state of stress to one of joyfulness.‎ A．Get some exercise.‎ B．Be thankful for what you have.‎ C．Here are some great ways to lift your spirits.‎ D．Go for a walk with a friend or take a bike ride.‎ E．Do what you can to start an outbreak of happy faces.‎ F．This promotes the production of the body's natural pain relievers.‎ G．Organize cupboards, garages and other areas that have become untidy.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了可以振奋精神，并让人保持开心的几种方法，如保持感恩的态度、让别人开心、呼吸新鲜空气、做运动。‎ ‎16．选C　根据第一段中的“In spite of how bad things may appear, there are some things you can do to get happy and enjoy your day.”可知，此处是说尽管事情看上去很糟糕，也可以做一些事使自己开心，并享受美好的一天。再根据下文各段的内容可知，下文详细介绍了可以使自己开心并享受美好的一天的方法，由此可知，设空处应为承上启下的过渡句；C项(这有一些好方法，能够让你振奋精神。)符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎17．选B　根据本段的主旨句“Get yourself an attitude of gratitude.”可知，本段提出的建议是“保持感恩的态度”，B项(感激你所拥有的。)中的“Be thankful”与本段中的gratitude和设空处后的grateful相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。‎ ‎18．选E　根据设空处前的内容可知，本段主要建议要给别人带来快乐；E项中的“happy faces”与上文中的Smiles相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。‎ ‎19．选D　根据设空处后的“Even just walking in your flower or vegetable garden will do the trick.”可知，设空处介绍呼吸新鲜空气的具体方式；D项(去和朋友散散步或是骑行。)符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎20．选A　设空处位于句首，为本段的主题句；根据设空处后的内容可知，本段主要讲述了运动在调节情绪方面的作用，A项(做一些运动。)符合语境。故选A项。‎