【英语】2018届人教版必修7一轮复习：Unit3Underthesea核心词汇学案（7页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修7一轮复习：Unit3Underthesea核心词汇学案（7页）

Unit 3 Under the sea核心词汇学案 核心单词 ‎1. witness vt. 当场见到；目击 vi. 作证 n. 目击者；证人；证据 We all came to witness history and watch the historic flight of teacher Christa McAuliffe.‎ 我们聚集在一起见证历史，观看教师克里斯塔·麦考利夫历史性的飞行。 ‎ He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building. ‎ 他作证看到那个男人进入这栋建筑物。‎ Life without a friend is death without a witness. ‎ 在世无朋友,死后无证人。‎ 常用结构：‎ give witness on behalf of sb. 替某人作证 be a witness to ... 是……的目击者 witness to sth./doing sth. 为某事作证 bear/give witness to sth. 作证;证明某事 高手过招 单项填空 Many people the car accident, so it was not difficult to investigate. ‎ Witnessed B. Harnessed C. Swallowed D. Drugged ‎ 解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为：许多人目击了那场车祸，因此不难调查。witness 目击；harness控制；利用； swallow吞掉；drug下药；使服药。‎ ‎2. drag ‎ vt. 拖；拉；扯 n. 令人厌烦的人/事；累赘 常用结构：‎ drag behind 落在后面 ‎ drag in 扯进来 ‎ drag sb. down 使某人沮丧 drag on 拖延 Her skirt dragged on the floor. 她的裙子拖在地上。 ‎ 易混辨析 drag/draw/pull drag 表示费力，缓慢而艰难地“拉、拖”较重的物体。 ‎ draw 表示从容地“拉、拖”。‎ pull 表示突然、急速地“拉”，方式不限。 ‎ We dragged the fallen tree from the road. ‎ 我们把倒在路上的树拖到一边。‎ Draw your chair up to the table.‎ 把你的椅子拉到桌子旁边来。‎ Five monkeys pull the elephant.‎ 五只猴子在拉大象。 ‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①那个国家卷入了战争之中。‎ ‎②她把她的孩子强拉到牙科诊所。‎ 答案： ①The country was dragged into the war.‎ ‎②She dragged her child to the dentist’s.‎ ‎3. urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策 常用结构：‎ urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth. ‎ ‎ 力劝某人某事；催促某人某事 ‎ urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事 urge that ... 主张……（用虚拟语气）‎ He waved his hand as if urge us on.‎ 他挥挥手似乎在鼓励我们前进。‎ They urged me to eat the strange food.‎ 他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。‎ She urged that I (should) apologize to him.‎ 她主张我应该向他道歉。‎ 联想拓展 urgency n.紧急，迫切，急迫 ‎ urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的;执拗的 In case of urgency, call the police.‎ 一旦发生紧急情况，打电话给警察。‎ They were urgent in their demands.‎ 他们坚持他们所提出的要求。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 The captain urged his team make greater effort. ‎ With B. on C. of D. To ‎ 解析：选D。句意为： 船长鼓励他的团队要加把劲。urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事。‎ ‎4. abandon vt. 遗弃；抛弃；放弃 常用结构：‎ abandon oneself to sth. 陷入某事 联想拓展 abandonment n. [U]遗弃；离弃；抛弃；放弃 abandoner n. 放弃者；遗弃者；投保者 abandonee n. 承保人；被遗弃者 abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；无拘束的 易混辨析 abandon/desert/give up ‎ abandon强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。‎ ‎ desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。‎ ‎ give up普通用语，侧重指没有希望，或因为外界压力而放弃。‎ The match was abandoned because of bad weather. ‎ 比赛因恶劣的天气而取消。‎ Never desert your friends.永不遗弃朋友。‎ He persuaded me to give up my plan.‎ 在他的劝说下，我放弃了那个计划。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 As time goes on, fewer and fewer old men are in the countryside. （2010·01·山东青岛模块检测）‎ A. Abandon B. to abandon C. Abandoning D. being abandoned ‎ 解析：选D。此处老人和遗弃为被动关系，故选D。‎ ‎5. aware adj. 意识到的；知道的 常用结构：‎ be／become aware of sth. 意识到某事 be aware that-clause 知道……；意识到……‎ make sb.aware that-clause 提醒某人注意……‎ make sb.aware of ... 让某人注意到……‎ He wasn’t aware of the danger.他没有意识到危险。‎ Is she aware that I’m coming? 她知道我要来吗? ‎ 联想拓展 unaware adj.不察觉的；不知道的 awareness n. 知道；意识 温馨提示 aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。 ‎ 高手过招 用适当的介词或aware的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎①When you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself continuously aware situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.‎ ‎②The principal didn’t seem to be aware there should have been so much dispute about the decision.‎ ‎③Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise about AIDS. ‎ ‎④Mike seems of the trouble he’s causing, otherwise he would stop it.‎ ‎ 答案：① of ② that ③awareness ④unaware ‎6. hang v.悬挂;吊;施以绞刑;垂下 The boy hung his head in shame. 那个男孩羞愧地低下了头。‎ 联想拓展 hang back 踌躇不前；退缩 hang down 下垂；低下头 hang on to 紧紧握住；坚持下去 hang on 抓紧；取决于；不挂断电话 hang about=hang around 徘徊；荡来荡去 hang by/on/upon a thread/hair千钧一发 hang it doubt 疑惑不决 hang up 悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 I was so angry that I on him. ‎ A. hung down B. hung up C. hanged on D. hang back ‎ 解析：选B。句意为：我太生气了，以至于我挂掉了他的电话。hang down下垂；低下头 ; hang on紧紧握住；坚持下去；（打电话不挂断）; hang back犹豫；畏缩; hang up悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话。‎ 重点短语 ‎7. sort out 整理；挑出; 处理(问题／困难)‎ I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away.‎ 我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。‎ We’ve got a few problems to sort out.‎ 我们有几个问题要解决。‎ 联想拓展 sort through 翻查;归整 put away 把……存放好 He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk。‎ 他在整理桌上的一堆文件。‎ Put away your books, please.‎ 请将书本收起来。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎ ‎①他从相片中挑出自己的，并把它们放到相册中。‎ ‎②放学了，把书本收好。‎ 答案： ①He sorted his own photos out from others and kept them in an album.‎ ‎②After school, put away your books. ‎ ‎8. help(...) out ‎ 帮助（某人）摆脱困难或危难 Can you help me out with the maths problem? ‎ 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?‎ 联想拓展 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 with the help of 在……的帮助下；借助 help oneself to 请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)‎ can’t help doing sth. 禁不住，忍不住 can’t help but do sth. 只能；不得不 Please help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。‎ She can’t help laughing. 她忍不住大笑起来。‎ I can’t help but wait. 我只能等。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱玩电子游戏的习惯。‎ ‎②地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子埋在废墟中。‎ 答案：①With the help of the teacher and his classmates, Xiaoming managed to help himself out of his problem with computer games.‎ ‎②In the earthquake, many parents couldn’t help but leave their children in the ruins.‎ ‎9. throw oneself out of ‎ 跃出 The man suddenly threw himself out of the water and said:“I’m here”.‎ 那个人突然跃出水面说:“我在这儿”。‎ 联想拓展 throw oneself at 冲向 throw oneself into 投身于；积极从事 throw away 扔掉 throw up 呕吐 throw sb. into prison 把某人投入监狱 throw at 对准向……扔去(希望击中)‎ throw to 向……(方向)扔去 ‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎ ‎①休息了一会后，他重新投入了救援工作。‎ ‎②你可以帮他把书递给他，但向别人投掷书本是不对的。‎ 答案：①After a short rest, he threw himself into rescuing again.‎ ‎②You can help him to give this book to him but it’s wrong to throw books at others.‎ ‎10. upside down ‎ 上下翻转 The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down.‎ 这淘气的孩子总是把房间的东西搞得乱七八糟。 ‎ 联想拓展 inside out 里面朝外，翻面的 He wore the sweatshirt inside out.‎ 他把运动衫反过来穿。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①你把那幅画挂颠倒了！‎ ‎②春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福”字倒过来挂。‎ 答案：①You’ve hung that picture upside down!‎ ‎②In the Spring Festival, Chinese people would like to hang the character “fu” upside down.‎ ‎11. bring in 带来; 获利，赚；求援；求助；引进 Bring those suspects in. 把嫌疑犯们带进来。‎ These boys bring in ￡60 a week. ‎ 这些男孩子每周赚六十英镑。‎ How much did the sideline bring the farmer family in last year?‎ 去年副业使这家农户增加了多少收入?‎ The sale brought us in over $1000. ‎ 这笔买卖使我们赚了一千多美元。‎ They began to use English, but they also brought in some words from their own languages.‎ 他们开始使用英语，但他们同时也从自己的语言中吸收一些词汇。‎ 联想拓展 bring about changes 引起变化 bring along 把……带来 ‎ bring back 归还 ‎ bring down 使倒下;降低;减少 ‎ bring on 使前进 bring out 使显现;出版 ‎ bring up 教育;抚养;呕吐 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 Summertime out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat pulled low over her ‎ sunglasses. ‎ Took B. brought C. carried D. turned ‎ ‎ 解析：选B。bring out意为¡°拿出，穿出¡±。句意为：夏天她穿着干净、扎腰带的棉布裙，低戴着帽子遮着太阳镜。根据句意，选B。‎ 重点句型 ‎12. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. ‎ 那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。‎ It was/is a time when ... 曾经一度（那时）‎ It was a time when motorcars were rare. ‎ 那时汽车是很罕见的。‎ It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.‎ 她曾经一度无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎ ‎①曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。‎ ‎②现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。‎ 答案： ①It was a time when no one could understand my plan and ambition.‎ ‎②It is a time when people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously. ‎