2020届二轮复习七选五阅读理解十种解题技巧例举

2020届二轮复习七选五阅读理解十种解题技巧例举

‎2020届二轮复习 七选五阅读理解十种解题技巧例举 技法针对练(一)——根据原词复现解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·福建质量检查)Some people put their bicycles away once they learn how to drive a car. For many people, bicycling is not just an easy way of getting around town but also an exciting sport. __1__．‎ One kind of race is the time trial. Each racer leaves the starting line at a different time and heads hard for the finish line. The cyclist who covers the distance in the shortest amount of time wins the race. __2__， because the bicycles are spread out and are not likely to run into each other.‎ Another kind of race is more difficult. A few city blocks are closed to traffic. Then all the racers line up in a tight pack and begin racing at the same time. __3__. The race requires more than speed. It also requires skilful handling of the bicycle as it runs at full speed around other bicycles. The racer who completes all the laps first is the winner.‎ ‎__4__. Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3，000 miles. The race course may be a straight stretch of road or a long series of roads across the country. The prize goes to the first person who crosses the finish line.‎ Between races cyclists stay in good condition by doing exercise that ‎ builds up their strength so that they can keep riding for long periods of time. __5__， they often join bicycling groups and become licensed racers. Then they can enter special races all over the country. If you're a cyclist, keep practicing. You could become a star.‎ A．As cyclists become more experienced B．A time trial is a very safe race for beginners C．Serious cyclists often arrange to take part in races D．Road races are usually the longest cycling contests E．Most people will seize possible chances to get around town F．They cover many laps (一圈), going around and around the city blocks G．When cyclists still need to build themselves up for those special races 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。本文详细介绍了几种骑自行车的比赛。‎ ‎1．选C　根据空处所在的位置可知，该句承上启下；由下文介绍的几种骑自行车比赛可知，C项“热衷骑自行车的人经常筹备参加骑自行车比赛”符合语境。‎ ‎2．选B　根据空后的“because the bicycles are spread out and are not likely to run into each other”可知，由于自行车是分散的，不太可能互相碰撞；故对于新手来说这种比赛是安全的，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．选F　根据空处上下文可知，空处承接上文，继续介绍这种难度较大的骑自行车比赛具体的比赛内容，故F项正确。且F项中的“the city blocks”是该段中的“A few city blocks”的复现。‎ ‎4．选D　根据空后一句“Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3，000 miles.”可知，参赛者必须骑35英里到近3 000英里的路程；又结合本段第三句的内容可知，D项“道路比赛通常是路程最长的骑自行车比赛”符合语境。‎ ‎5．选A　根据空后的“they often join bicycling groups and become licensed racers”可知，他们经常参加自行车团体，并成为有执照的参赛者；据此可推知，空处是说这些骑自行车者越来越有经验，故A项正确。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·安徽五校联盟第二次检测)‎ How to Grow Organic Potatoes in Containers A homegrown potato that has just been dug out of the soil is an amazing treat. Like tomatoes, the taste of fresh potatoes is different from that of those bought in the store. By growing your own, you also have the opportunity to plant unusual varieties. __1__．‎ Prepare potatoes for growing. Cut the potatoes before planting. If your potatoes are small, you can simply plant them. When you cut your potatoes, make sure you have at least two eyes on each piece. __2__. Most of us have no idea how heavy 50 grams is and there's no need to weigh it, just use your best guess.‎ Water your newly planted potatoes well. Check the container at least once a day. __3__. If it feels dry, it's time to water. If it's very hot or windy, you may have to water your potato container gardens more than once a day. Make sure to water deeply by waiting until water runs out the bottom.‎ Hill your potatoes as they grow. __4__， you need to hill them in case they will break. This is done by adding a couple of inches of soil around your potato plants. Be careful not to break the plants in the process. Repeat the hilling process a few more times as your plants grow. You can also stop once the soil reaches the top of your container.‎ ‎__5__. After the plants have flowered, you can dig out your potatoes to eat. You can pull out a few potatoes at a time. You can also wait until the plants turn yellow and then harvest all of the potatoes at once.‎ A．If your potato plants are too short B．Harvest your homegrown potatoes C．Water your potatoes whenever the soil is dry D．Stick your finger at least an inch into the soil E．Below are some tips for growing your own potatoes F．Once your potato plants have grown about six inches G．It's also recommended that each weighs at least 50 grams 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在家种马铃薯的方法，包括选种、浇水、培土和收获。‎ ‎1．选E　根据该空所在的位置可知，该空为承上启下的句子；由空处下文可知，下文介绍的是在家里种植马铃薯的方法，故E项符合语境。‎ ‎2．选G　根据设空后一句可知，我们大部分人都不知道50克有多重，也不需要去称重。据此可推知，空处应是关于每块马铃薯的重量，故G项符合语境。G项中的“50 grams”是该段中的“50 grams”的复现。‎ ‎3．选D　根据空后一句“If it feels dry, it's time to water.”可知，如果它摸起来干，就是该浇水的时候了。据此可推知，空处应是介绍感知土壤干湿的方法，故D项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选F　 根据该句中的“you need to hill them in case they will break”可知，培土是为了防止其断掉。据此可推知，空处应是介绍培土的时机，故F项符合语境，衔接下文。‎ ‎5．选B　根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；结合空处下文内容可知，该段主要介绍了收获马铃薯的时间，故B项符合语境。‎ 技法针对练(二)——根据解释关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·洛阳、许昌第一次检测)Filial piety (孝心) is China's most important morality and involves strong deference (顺从) to one's parents. Thus, filial piety is an important value when it comes to treating one's immediate family, elders and superiors in general.‎ Origins Filial piety was originally mentioned in the Western Zhou, __1__．‎ Meaning Filial piety is a general attitude of offering love, respect, support, and deference to one's parents and other elders in the family, such as grandparents or older siblings. __2__. Besides, it involves working hard in order to provide material comforts for parents.‎ The idea stems from the fact that parents give life to their children, and subsequently support them throughout their developing years in terms of providing food, education, and material needs. __3__．‎ Chinese character By looking at the Chinese character for filial piety, you will learn a lot about the term's definition.‎ ‎__4__. The character is a combination of the character lao, which means “old” and zi, which means son. The top half of the character lao forms the top half of the character xiao, whereas the character that represents son forms the bottom half of the character.‎ ‎__5__. The character xiao shows that the older person or generation is being supported by the son, or children in general.‎ A．let me tell you the definition of filial piety B．Filial piety is clarified by the Chinese character xiao C．Filial piety is one of the most important Chinese traditions D．This placement is symbolic and tells of what filial piety means E．which includes carrying on the family line and respecting the elders F．Acts of filial piety include obeying parents' wishes, taking care of them when they are old G．Extending beyond one's family, filial piety also applies to all elders like teachers, professional superiors, or anyone who is older in age 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要对中华传统美德孝心的起源和含义进行了简要的介绍和分析。‎ ‎1．选E　结合本段的标题Origins可推知，此处介绍了孝心的起源及其基本内容，与选项E呼应，所以选E项。‎ ‎2．选F　根据空后一句“此外，孝心也包括努力工作来为父母提供物质上的舒适条件”可推知，空处应是表述孝心的具体行为，故F项符合语境，衔接上下文。‎ ‎3．选G　空处上文主要阐述了孝心在家庭中的具体实践和体现，由此可推知空处应是表述孝心对除个人家庭外的长者也适用。故G项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选B　空处是本段的主题句。通读全段可知，本段主要是对“孝”字的字形进行分析，并联系本部分的标题Chinese character可知，选项B符合语境。‎ ‎5．选D　承接上段对“孝”字的字形分析，此处对孝进行了总结和意义分析，所以选D项。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·成都第三次诊断)Society tells us that you can't teach an old dog new tricks. But it doesn't have to be that way. A new study published in Human Development points out that using a proper approach to learning can help people of any age take on and rise to new challenges. __1__‎ Venture outside your comfort zone. As adults, we tend to use similar skills day in and day out: We take jobs in fields we're already good at, drive the same routes to the same places, and fall into routines we're comfortable with. __2__ Switching to something more challenging may have more cognitive benefits.‎ ‎__3__ A fear of making mistakes is another reason adults are so slow to learn new things; if we try and fail, we can face criticism, lose money, or get fired. That's why it's important to build up a support network of people — at work and at home — who allow you to make mistakes and learn from them.‎ Make a serious commitment and don't give up. __4__ If you can afford it, spending money on a new pursuit — for example, booking a trip to Rome to practice your Italian — might also make it harder to throw in the towel.‎ Learn more than one thing at once. We tend to zero in on one hobby or one skill. But dividing that time and energy into three or four areas will ‎ stretch your brain in all different directions. __5__ For example, maybe you started learning a new language in 2019, and this year you add singing lessons, and next year you try something else. You can add things gradually based on what you can handle.‎ A．Turn to your friends and family.‎ B．The following strategies will do the trick.‎ C．Surround yourself with encouraging people.‎ D．Telling friends about your new goal can help keep you motivated.‎ E．But all this familiarity limits the parts of the brain we're using regularly.‎ F．That doesn't mean you should start all the new challenges all at once, though.‎ G．So feeling comfortable can reduce stress and make you happier and more productive.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个迎接新的挑战的策略。1.选B　文章第二至第五段分别给出了迎接挑战的策略。由此可知，该空承上启下，故选B。‎ ‎2．选E　根据空前一句可知，我们倾向于日复一日地用相似的技能：从事我们擅长的领域的工作，开车走相同的路线，去相同的地方，做我们觉得舒服的事；结合空后的“Switching to something more challenging”‎ 可推知，这种熟悉限制了我们正在经常使用的大脑的部分。故选E。‎ ‎3．选C　空处为本段的主题句，通读本段可知，本段讲述的是寻找支持你的人的重要性，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选D　根据该空前一句可知，做出一个严肃的承诺并且不放弃；由此可推知，空处应是表明向谁承诺以及承诺做出后的作用。故D项符合语境。‎ ‎5．选F　根据本段首句可知，一次可以多学点东西；空后一句是说，比如，你可能在2019年开始学一门新的语言，今年你添加了歌唱课，下一年你尝试其他的东西；由此可知，F项“但是这并不意味着你应该一次性开始所有新的挑战”符合语境。‎ 技法针对练(三)——根据总述关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·甘肃第一次诊断)Let's be honest here: random acts of kindness make us feel good. They help benefit society in small ways, and those small benefits can turn into huge benefits. Being an everyday hero means willingly and joyfully choosing random acts of kindness to make the world a bit brighter. __1__ Start with these ideas.‎ ‎●Leave a space cleaner than you found it. If you eat out, keep your table clean, making it a little easier for your server. At home, keep your things organized. __2__‎ ‎●Be kind to strangers. It's well known that everyone is fighting separate but equally different battles. Although you might not be able to ‎ understand everyone's struggles, you can offer unconditional kindness and patience. __3__ Maybe the fastfood worker has two other jobs and children at home. Although you don't know their situations, kindness is always appreciated.‎ ‎●__4__ The easiest way to determine whether someone needs help is to ask, and respect their answer. When close friends and loved ones are struggling, your support can be a “I love you.”‎ ‎●__5__ Your local resale shop can provide you with more information on this. By donating the things that you don't need, want, or use, you allow another person to benefit from them.‎ A．Try to show mercy to someone.‎ B．Help someone who's struggling.‎ C．Choose to donate your used things.‎ D．Don't leave a mess for others to clean up.‎ E．When you've decided to be a hero, be one right now.‎ F．If you can, take five minutes and be an everyday hero.‎ G．Maybe the badtempered old man suffers from a disease.‎ 语篇解读：小小的善举却能带来巨大的改变。本文告诉读者如何通过小小的善举成为“每日英雄”，从而让我们的生活更加美好。‎ ‎1．选F　上文提到小小的善举可以带来巨大的改变，Being an everyday hero(成为每日英雄)可以让世界更加美好。而下文又提到了Being an everyday ‎ hero的一些方法，所以设空处应为承上启下的过渡句。故F项(如果你想成为‘每日英雄’，那么请每天花五分钟的时间来成为这样的英雄)符合语境。‎ ‎2．选D　本段主旨是要保持清洁，而设空处前一句提到“如果你在家里，要整理好自己的东西。”，因此，设空处应承接上文所表达的含义，故D项(不要弄得一团糟，让别人去清理)符合语境。‎ ‎3．选G　上文提到“尽管你可能没有办法了解每个人的挣扎，但你可以给他们无条件的善良和耐心”，后文提到“或许，快餐员还有两份其他的工作，又要照顾家里的孩子”。因此，G项(或许，这位脾气不好的老人正经受着病痛折磨)既能体现出人的挣扎，又与后面的Maybe ...构成排比句式，故G项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选B　设空处为本段的首句，应为本段的主旨句，而本段内容主要是我们要向有需要的人提供帮助，故B项(帮助那些正在奋斗的人)符合语境。B项中的“Help someone”与设空后的“whether someone needs help”相呼应。‎ ‎5．选C　设空处为本段的首句，应为本段的主旨句。本段内容主要是我们可以捐赠一些东西，这样的方式也可以为很多人带来益处，故C项(选择捐赠你用过的东西)符合语境。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·福建三校联考)Everyone complains. Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world, you still complain sometimes. Sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful. __1__ Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the ‎ negative thoughts.‎ ‎__2__‎ When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead. Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation.‎ Make a list of things you are grateful for.‎ You often complain about the things you don't have without noticing those things you already have. Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves. __3__‎ Learn to adapt to the changes.‎ There are many things you can't change. __4__ Always find the positive side of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is. With parents' and friends' support, you can survive any life changes.‎ Allow yourself to vent (发泄) your feelings every once in a while.‎ Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up. If you are really going through a rough time, don't be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist.‎ Find what makes you happy.‎ ‎__5__ Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career. Uncover what your biggest complaints are about ‎ and see if you can change the situation to make you happy. Choose happiness, focus on the positive, and be kind always!‎ A．Change the way you think.‎ B．Make friends with positive people.‎ C．The best and only thing you can do is to accept them.‎ D．Are you constantly complaining about your present job?‎ E．Sometimes this list can be easy, full of hobbies you enjoy.‎ F．So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?‎ G．Set down things you are thankful for and you'll see that you don't have any reason to complain.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了停止抱怨的方法和策略。‎ ‎1．选F　根据下文“Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts.”可推知，空处应是表述如何停止抱怨，所以选F项。‎ ‎2．选A　根据文章结构及空处所在位置可知，空处为本段的标题。根据下文“When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.”并结合对本段的整体理解可知，本段主要讲的是改变思考方式，所以选A项。‎ ‎3．选G　根据本段的标题Make a list of things you are grateful for，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，G项“把你所感激的事情写下来，然后你就会发现没有理由抱怨了”符合语境。‎ ‎4．选C　根据上文“There are many things you can't change.”，并结合下文“Always find the positive side of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is.”可推知，在不能改变的情况下，接受并适应改变才是上策，与本段标题Learn to adapt to the changes.呼应，所以选C项。‎ ‎5．选D　根据下文“Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.”并结合本文的关键词complain可推知，此处表示对自己的工作不满，所以选D项。‎ 技法针对练(四)——根据并列关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·昆明质量检测)Is there a best way to pack clothes? The following ideas are of great help to those who are always on the way.‎ Where to start?‎ ‎__1__ Once you see how much you lay in front of you, be brave and reduce about a third. Because the truth is like your wardrobe, you never seem to use as much as you take.‎ How to deal with clothing?‎ Start with your shoes. Put stockings or socks inside of them to hold the shape of your shoes. Thus, you can make use of every square inch of space. Once your shoes are firmly in place, fill small gaps with very soft items. __2__‎ Lay out the first clothes with one end inside the suitcase and the ‎ other end dropping over the edge. Put the next clothes on top of this, but place them the other way around. __3__ In this way, you'll get another flat layer soon. Finally, one by one, fold the clothes back in.‎ Where to put nonclothing?‎ ‎__4__ These awkward shaped items are difficult to pack. You'd better put them towards the middle to give maximum protection. Remember to double bag your toiletries (洗漱用品) kit to avoid spotting your clothes.‎ Top tips：‎ If you take belts, slip them along the inside of your case. __5__ That will take more space. Next, use the hard shape of the case to offer protection. Leave your toiletries kit in your suitcase, when you return home. It's ready for the next time you travel.‎ A．Don't roll belts up.‎ B．Be sure to put away socks.‎ C．This idea will create a flat first layer.‎ D．And then continue laying other clothes.‎ E．That will make the job a whole lot easier.‎ F．Lay everything you want to take with you on the bed.‎ G．Nonclothing items are things like books, toothbrushes and cameras.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何有效地打包衣物。‎ ‎1．选F　空后一句是说一旦你看到如此多的东西摆在你的面前，一定要勇敢地减去三分之一。故F项“把你想随身携带的所有东西都摆在床上”符合语境。‎ ‎2．选C　根据空前一句“Once your shoes are firmly in place, fill small gaps with very soft items.”可知，C项“这个点子会创建平平的第一层”符合语境，承接上文。C项中的“a flat first layer”与下一段中的“another flat layer”相呼应。 ‎ ‎3．选D　通读本段可知，本段讲的是如何把衣服一层层地摆放整齐，空前两句都是祈使句，D项与上文句式一致，与上文在语义上衔接紧密，故选D项。‎ ‎4．选G　根据该段小标题Where to put nonclothing？可知，本段讲的是如何放非衣服类的东西，并结合空后一句“These awkward shaped items are difficult to pack.”可知，G项“非衣服类的物品是书、牙刷和照相机之类的东西”符合语境，故选G项。‎ ‎5．选A　空前一句是说如果你带了腰带，把它们沿着行李箱的内侧塞好，空后一句是说那样会占更多的空间，故A项“不要把腰带卷着”符合语境，衔接上下文，故选A项。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·绵阳市第一次诊断)‎ How to Choose a Dog Dogs have always been considered as the most popular pet animals and loyal friends of humans. Owning a dog can be a really great ‎ experience for the owner as well as his family members. __1__ It is a very important decision, and it has to be made after thinking over and over. To choose the right dog, you have to consider various aspects of factors.‎ Size is one of the most important factors for dog selection. __2__ But they have to be handled very carefully as most of them are fragile. However, this may not be always true — some big dogs still can be kept in small space.‎ Though puppies (幼犬) are mostly preferred to adults, there are some people who go for grownup dogs. __3__ Puppies can be trained easily, while grownup dogs may take time and sometimes resist your efforts to get them trained!‎ Although some people like dogs with frightening appearances, cute dogs are very much in demand. __4__ They often ignore many other factors. Once they adopt the dog, they soon land themselves in trouble.‎ Families with small kids must avoid adopting dogs that lose hairs. Dog hair may cause allergic reactions in children. __5__ Then you should also try to get a dog that is friendly towards other animals.‎ A．You may also talk to experts for opinions.‎ B．This is another vital factor for you to focus on.‎ C．Both have their own advantages and disadvantages.‎ D．However, choosing the right one is confusing for many.‎ E．Unfortunately, there are many who only care about looks.‎ F．For those with space concerns, the small dog can be a good choice.‎ G．Besides, a pet dog should be gentle in nature and best suited for kids.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在养狗之前如何选择适合自己的狗。‎ ‎1．选D　根据空前一句“Owning a dog can be a really great experience for the owner as well as his family members.”可知，拥有一条狗对主人和其家人都是一个很好的经历；根据下文“To choose the right dog, you have to consider various aspects of factors.”可知，选择合适的狗得考虑很多因素。故D项“然而，选择合适的狗对很多人来说是困惑的”和空前一句形成转折关系并且和下文相呼应，故选D项。‎ ‎2．选F　根据空前一句“Size is one of the most important factors for dog selection.”可知，本段讲的是选择狗要考虑狗的大小。故F项“对于那些担心空间的人来说，小狗是个不错的选择”符合语境，故选F项。‎ ‎3．选C　根据空后一句“Puppies can be trained easily，while grownup dogs may take time and sometimes resist your efforts to get them trained.”可知，小狗容易训练，而成年的狗可能得花时间训练，有时可能抗拒训练，故C项“他们都有自己的优缺点”符合语境。‎ ‎4．选E　根据空前一句“Although some people like dogs with ‎ frightening appearances，cute dogs are very much in demand.”可知，本段讲的是狗的外表，故E项“不幸的是，很多人只在乎狗的外表”符合本段文意，且和空后一句“They often ignore many other factors.”相呼应，故选E项。‎ ‎5．选G　根据本段首句“Families with small kids must avoid adopting dogs that lose hairs.”可知，本段讲的是有小孩的家庭在选择狗时需要注意的事项。故G项“此外，宠物狗应该性格温顺并且最适合小孩”符合语境，故选G项。‎ 技法针对练(五)——根据因果关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·贵州适应性考试)The small habits really damage the wallet. So here's how you could be ＄500 richer or more every month!‎ ‎●Make your own coffee Think about how much you pay for that fancy latte (拿铁咖啡) with special milk each morning. __1__. “When you see these numbers showing the ‘latte effect’ over a lifetime, you may be more inspired to make your own，” says Vera Gibbons, a personal finance expert. You can save ＄100 to ＄150 every month.‎ ‎●Bring breakfast and lunch to work ‎__2__. Therefore, purchasing breakfast and lunch during the week seems like an easy option yet expensive one. Natasha Smith, a personal finance expert, says one certain way to save money is to prepare your ‎ meals. “Start by packing a lunch every day instead of eating out to save ＄30 to ＄50 a week.” You can save ＄120 to ＄200 per month.‎ ‎●__3__‎ ‎“Eating in weekly instead of going out can save ＄20 per person per meal, or more than ＄250 over a couple of months，” says Len Hayduchok, a financial planner. If you meet up with four friends twice a month, that's about ＄100 once right there, not including drinks. __4__．‎ ‎●Make your home more energyefficient Not only will using less gas and electricity save money on your bills, it's good for the environment, too, says Tracy. __5__. Removing devices when they're not in use and turning off lights are very useful. You can save ＄70 each month.‎ ‎●Grow your own vegetables Grow yourself your own little garden and save money, while also eating healthier. “The more you grow, the more you save，” says Hayduchok. He recommends planting a small piece of land in your yard or sunny spot in your home.‎ A．Eat more healthily and cheaply B．It starts your day more effectively C．We are all in a rush in the morning D．You can save about ＄200 each month E．Invite friends over instead of going out F．You can make your own for 20 cents per cup G．There are a few painless ways to cut your bill 语篇解读：在日常生活中，通过自己动手制作咖啡、自带食物上班、自己栽种蔬菜等方式，可以节省部分开支。‎ ‎1．选F　根据空前一句“Think about how much you pay for that fancy latte (拿铁咖啡) with special milk each morning.”可知，每日买一杯拿铁咖啡，可能要花一笔钱，但是我们可以自己制作拿铁咖啡，达到省钱的目的，故选F。‎ ‎2．选C　根据该段小标题Bring breakfast and lunch to work以及空后的“Therefore”及语境可知，之所以购买早餐与午餐，是因为早上时间比较紧，没法自己准备，故选C。‎ ‎3．选E　根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，空处为本段的小标题。根据该段的内容，尤其是“If you meet up with four friends twice a month”可知，该部分讲述的是可以邀请朋友在家里吃饭，而不是外出就餐。故选E。‎ ‎4．选D　根据该段内容可知，该段主要讲在家吃饭比外出吃饭要省钱；又根据空前一句中的“twice a month, that's about ＄100 once right there, not including drinks”可知，D项符合语境。‎ ‎5．选G　该空前一句讲的是节能的好处，空后讲的是具体在哪些方面可以节能省钱，故G项承上启下，符合语境。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·安徽百所重点中学三模)With time and experience, most adults know that not getting enough sleep can be harmful to us. Too bad, teens don't see that connection so clearly. It's up to parents to convey the importance of sleeping enough. __1__‎ Play up the positives. Sometimes it helps to point out the benefits that come with changing behavior. In this case, not only will quality sleep help teens focus better in school and feel happier overall, it can improve the appearance of their skin. __2__‎ Lay stress on consistency. A lot of teenagers, and even grownups, think they can spend less time on shuteye during the week if they make up for it on the weekend. Not true. An extra hour or two of sleep on Saturday and Sunday can do us more harm than good. __3__ As a result, it is hard to fall asleep at the appropriate time on Sunday evening.‎ Give the hard facts. __4__ That's why it's so important to explain what it feels like to be too tired to get behind the wheel. Promise your teen that he can always call you to pick him up no matter where he is or what time it is, if he's too sleepy to drive.‎ ‎__5__ Sleep isn't as fun as texting with friends and it seems less necessary than cramming for an exam. Help your teen view sleep as a priority (优先事项) by making it one in your own life as well. Set up a family, charging station for electronic devices outside of the bedrooms, so phones can be powered up overnight without tempting (引诱) anyone to ‎ check messages. Leave your own devices there when you go to bed. Rarely is anything so important that it can't wait until after a good night's sleep.‎ A．Lead by example.‎ B．Set aside quality family time.‎ C．These four tips will show you how.‎ D．It disturbs a person's internal body clock.‎ E．It is important for us to realize the importance of a good sleep.‎ F．It's reported that one out of five traffic accidents involves a sleepy driver.‎ G．It also keeps them from getting sick and helps them keep a healthy weight.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作为一名家长，如何让自己的孩子拥有足够的睡眠呢？对此，作者提出了一些有用的建议。‎ ‎1．选C　综合全文的内容和结构我们可以看出，本文主要提出了一些建议，关于如何让孩子拥有足够的睡眠。而C项“这四条建议将会告诉你如何做”是一个承上启下的句子，符合它在本文中的位置。‎ ‎2．选G　综合第二段的内容我们可以看出，这一段主要讲述足够的睡眠给孩子们带来的好处。而G项“它还让他们远离疾病，并帮助他们保持健康的体重”在内容上符合本段的大意。‎ ‎3．选D　根据本空前面的内容我们可以看出，本段讲述星期一到星期五不按时睡觉而在周末补觉所带来的恶果。选项D的意思在逻辑上与前后的内容一致。故选D。‎ ‎4．选F　根据本空后面一句的内容我们可以确定，本空所选的句子应与开车有关。而F项讲述的是睡眠不足带来交通事故的危险。故选F。‎ ‎5．选A　本空位于段首。根据短文的结构我们可以看出，本空是本段的主题句，应是祈使句。再结合本段的大意我们可以确定，本段讲述的是家长要以身作则。而A项符合相关的要求。‎ 技法针对练(六)——根据例证关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·银川质量检测)‎ New Lives for Old Phones ‎ When a new mobile phone starts to be sold in stores, many people rush out to buy one. We all want the newest, latest thing. __1__‎ Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a mobile phone recycling company.“Don't throw your old phone away. __2__ If you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground and it becomes a big problem，” he says.‎ Mobile phones contain some poisonous materials. If your phone goes to a landfill, these poisonous materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. That's the water we need to drink or water going into rivers or the ocean. __3__ That's a lot of landfill and a lot of ‎ poisonous materials.‎ ‎“At Total Recall, we separate the old phones into pieces. Most of the materials in the mobile phones can be recycled and used again. __4__ For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries，” explains Mike.‎ ‎“__5__ You can usually just take it into a mobile phone shop and they will send it to us，” says Mike.‎ So before you throw that old mobile phone away, use it the last time: search for recyclers near you and give them a call.‎ A．Recycling your old phone is easy.‎ B．Send it to us and we'll recycle it.‎ C．How much is your old mobile phone worth?‎ D．But what should we do with our old mobile phones?‎ E．Millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year.‎ F．Recycling materials helps keep the environment greener and cleaner.‎ G．We take apart the old phones and the components are used to make new products.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了对旧手机进行回收利用的相关情况。‎ ‎1．选D　承接上文“We all want the newest, latest thing.”‎ ‎，并结合文章的标题New Lives for Old Phones和下文介绍的有关对旧手机进行回收利用的内容可推知，此处是一个过渡句，引出文章的主题，选项D的内容与之呼应，故选D项。‎ ‎2．选B　承接上文“Don't throw your old phone away.”，并与上文中的“a mobile phone recycling company”呼应可推知，Mike Townsend建议人们把旧手机给他的公司回收利用，而不是将其扔掉，故选B项。‎ ‎3．选E　根据下文“That's a lot of landfill and a lot of poisonous materials.”可知，E项“每年有数百万个手机被扔掉”与之衔接，故选E项。‎ ‎4．选G　承接上文“Most of the materials in the mobile phones can be recycled and used again.”并结合下文举的旧手机的电池被再利用的例子可知，G项“我们拆开旧手机，然后将它们的部件用来制造新的产品”符合语境。‎ ‎5．选A　根据下文“You can usually just take it into a mobile phone shop and they will send it to us”可推知，回收利用旧手机并不难，故选A项。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·深圳第一次调研)‎ How to Tell a Great Story In this information age, business leaders won't be heard unless they're telling stories. Facts and figures don't stick in our minds at all. But ‎ stories create lasting memories by attaching emotions to things that happen. __1__. Here is how to use story telling to your benefit.‎ Start with a message Every story telling exercise should begin by asking “Who is my audience？” and “What is the message I want to share with them？” __2__. For instance, if you are trying to convince senior leaders to take a risk by supporting your project, you can tell them that most companies are built on taking smart chances.‎ ‎__3__‎ The best story tellers look to their own life details and memories for ways to draw attention to their messages. There may be a tendency not to want to share personal events at work, but experiences that indicate how they overcome their struggles are what make leaders appear authentic.‎ Keep it simple Some of the most successful and memorable stories are relatively simple and straightforward. Don't tell your audience what shoes you were wearing if it doesn't better the story. __4__， such as your feelings and the humble beginnings of a nowgreat company. They can attract your listeners and get your main message across.‎ Don't make yourself the hero You can be a central figure in a story, but the final focus should be on people you know, lessons you've learned, or events you've witnessed.‎ ‎ When you talk about how great you are, the audience shuts down. __5__．‎ A．Show good humor B．Provide vital details C．Use personal experiences D．Each decision about your story should flow from those questions E．Leaders always tell stories to persuade others to support a project or to face challenges F．The more you make yourself a star, the less likely your audience will buy your message G．That means leaders who can create and share good stories gain a great advantage over others 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了讲好故事对一个企业领导人的重要性，并从四个方面给出了建议，以帮助领导人知晓如何通过讲故事给自己带来益处。‎ ‎1．选G　由上文提到的“business leaders won't be heard unless they're telling stories”可知，企业领导人如果想为人所知，就需要会讲故事。下文又开始陈述如何讲好故事并给出建议，所以选项G最符合语境，既总结了上文，又为下文提出建议作铺垫。‎ ‎2．选D　根据设空处前一句可知，本句与问题有关，比较选项，只有D项提及questions。再结合后面的举例可推知，D项(有关你故事的每个决定都应该来源于那些问题)最符合语境。‎ ‎3．选C　设空处为该段小标题，由该段的内容可知，最好的故事讲述者会把他们自己的生活细节和回忆当成使人们关注自己所讲要点的方法。因此，一个优秀的故事讲述者懂得运用个人经历，故C项(运用个人经历)最能概括本段内容。‎ ‎4．选B　根据设空处的前一句“Don't tell your audience what shoes you were wearing if it doesn't better the story.”和本段最后一句“They can attract your listeners and get your main message across.”可知，讲故事要注意细节的取舍，故B项(提供重要细节)承上启下，符合语境。‎ ‎5．选F　根据设空处所在段的小标题Don't make yourself the hero以及设空处前一句“When you talk about how great you are, the audience shuts down.”可知，本段主要围绕“不要让自己成为英雄”这个建议而写。当你谈论自己有多伟大时，观众就会避而不听。故F项(你越是让自己成为明星，你的听众越不可能相信你所讲的要点)是对上文内容的总结，符合语境。‎ 技法针对练(七)——根据顺承关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·重庆第二次调研)After a tiring day, your bedroom, a comfortable and inviting space, should be one place where you can finally relax. If the space seems too limited, you can try out these tips to make it look larger. ‎ Avoid dark colors and increase natural light.‎ In a small room, walls and decorations that are dark can make the ‎ area seem even smaller.‎ Choose light colors like cream and peach for your walls. __1__ Try to allow as much natural light as possible to fill the room, through the window or the balcony door. __2__ ‎ Look for furniture that uses wall space.‎ Choosing furniture that fits into a corner or which can be placed against a wall will greatly increase ground space in your room. __3__ — try hanging some on one wall and see the difference it makes. ‎ ‎ Find creative ways to store your stuff. ‎ Make full use of the builtin shelves and storing capacities in the kitchen and bathroom. __4__ You can also look for multifunction furniture：a coffee table with drawers, or a footstool with interior storage. ‎ ‎__5__‎ When doing weekly cleanups, throw out your old and unused objects and keep only the essential items in view. You can also cut back on the unnecessary appliances. Move the table fan out into the living room during winter. If your bedroom is already small, don't bring in a TV. If you already have one, try moving it out and see if it gains you extra space. ‎ ‎ A．Mirrors also create an impression of space. ‎ ‎ B．Remove untidy and unnecessary appliances. ‎ ‎ C．Store rarely used items in a box under your bed.‎ D．Purchase the possible less furniture for your room.‎ ‎ E．Bright sunlight can kill some bacteria in your bedroom.‎ ‎ F．Sunlight will brighten the room and make it seem more cheerful. ‎ ‎ G．Pillows, curtains, the covers, and decorative items should also be light in color.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何让卧室看起来更大的方法。‎ ‎1．选G　该部分的主题是：避免使用深颜色，增加自然光。上文也提到了深颜色的墙面和装饰会使房间看起来更小。设空前一句提到要将墙面装饰成浅颜色(light colors)，如淡黄色或桃红色，那么枕头、窗帘、床单以及其他的一些装饰品也应该使用浅色。故选G。‎ ‎2．选F　设空前一句提到要尽可能让更多的自然光进入房间，因为阳光会让房间看起来更加明亮宜人。故选F。‎ ‎3．选A　本部分讲述的是要多用一些使用墙面空间的家具，以让地面空间更大一些，而镜子可以挂在墙上，让人有空间增大的感觉。故选A。‎ ‎4．选C　 本部分讲述的是要寻找创造性的储存东西的方法；设空前一句提到要充分利用厨房和洗手间的内置搁板和存储空间，而我们也可以将很少使用的物品装进盒子，然后放到床下。故选C。‎ ‎5．选B　本部分第一、二句提到在每周的清理中，将旧的和不用的东西扔掉，只将必不可少的物品放到眼前，‎ ‎ 接下来提到也可以减少不需要的家用电器。由此可知， 本部分的主题是移除不整齐、不需要的家用电器。故选B。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎ (2019·兰州实战模拟)Every family goes through its ups and downs. Most often, the root cause of this situation is the lack of communication. __1__．‎ Lack of patience can be one of the biggest factors. If people are not patient with their parents or children or other members, the levels of closeness will be weakened. And it can be quite difficult for a badtempered child, or even a badtempered parent to deal with the problems. ‎ Lack of time for family members is always a reason leading to the problems. __2__ . In order to survive, everyone must focus all their attention on the work, so they do not have enough time to have a good talk with others. ‎ ‎ Lack of discipline is the worst problem in terms of children. __3__ . It is known that most parents want to control the children, even their children get older, which can lead to a constantly disharmonious atmosphere within the family.‎ ‎ If the solutions to the problems are OK, all these problems can be easily solved. If lack of patience is one of the problems, obviously the solution is to develop the virtue of patience. You'd better hear out what ‎ the children have to say on a certain matter, or even consult them about their significant ideas. __4__．‎ ‎ It would be natural to see childish behavior of the younger members of a family but it is up to the elders to control the atmosphere and keep it calm. __5__．‎ The above are some of the most common problems that most families face. It is important to maintain the best relations with your family, because family is the strongest support system for you.‎ A. Everyone has a say in each family meeting B．By doing this, you can avoid a coming quarrel C．A badly behaved child can ruin the peace of a family D．The elders should talk things out instead of keeping silent E．Don't discuss the family problems when you're still feeling upset F．With the development of society, all people face fierce challenge and competition G．There are some common factors that lead to communication problems in the family 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。家庭关系的不和谐主要是由于家庭成员之间缺乏交流造成的。本文介绍了几个导致交流问题的因素及一些解决方法。‎ ‎1．选G　根据空处所在的位置可知，空处承上启下；由上文“Every family goes through its ups and downs. Most often, the root cause of this ‎ situation is the lack of communication.”可知，每个家庭都会经历起起落落；大多数情况下，这种情况的根本原因是缺乏沟通。 结合下文介绍的导致家庭成员之间缺乏交流的因素可知，G项正确。 ‎ ‎2．选F　根据空后一句“In order to survive, everyone must focus all their attention on the work, so they do not have enough time to have a good talk with others.”可知，为了生存，每个人都必须把所有的注意力集中在工作上，所以他们没有足够的时间和别人好好谈谈。 据此可推知，F项“随着社会的发展，所有人都面临着激烈的挑战和竞争”符合语境。 ‎ ‎3．选C　根据空前一句“Lack of discipline is the worst problem in terms of children.”可知，缺乏纪律对孩子来说是最糟糕的问题。据此可推知，空处应是介绍缺乏纪律的孩子给家庭带来的不良后果，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．选B　根据空前一句“You'd better hear out what the children have to say on a certain matter, or even consult them about their significant ideas.”可知，该处建议听听孩子们对某件事的看法，甚至向他们请教一些想法。据此可推知，空处应是介绍该建议的效果：避免和孩子争执，故B项正确。‎ ‎5．选D　根据空前一句“It would be natural to see childish behavior of the younger members of a family but it is up to the elders to control the atmosphere and keep it calm.”‎ 可知，看到家庭中年轻成员幼稚的行为是很自然的，但是要靠长辈来控制气氛；据此可知，遇到家庭成员中的晚辈有幼稚行为的发生，长辈们应该把事情说出来，而不是保持沉默，故D项正确。‎ 技法针对练(八)——根据递进关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎ 　　(2019·西安五校联考)After a long day at work, coming home is a breath of fresh air.Home is a comfortable place to sit back and relax. __1__ Below are a number of things we can do to create a healthy home environment that will help to ease the workday stress and promote our physical and mental health.‎ ‎ Cleaning the house regularly is the first thing we should do. It may seem like a tiring thing to clean but there is a reason for doing so.We can remove dust by cleaning the house.Leaving layers of dust everywhere means that there is a buildup of dust. And where do these layers of dust go? __2__‎ ‎ Making sure the rooms are full of sunlight is also important. We may not realize it but sunlight is an important part of our growth.We all know that sunlight promotes better working conditions. __3__ Think about using a Parans system where sunlight does not reach.This technology gathers the sunlight by using solar panels (板)．It can send out sunlight wherever we are. ‎ ‎__4__ Going green will help to remove toxins (毒素) in the air. They also give off oxygen, which can lower stress and improve our ‎ moods.‎ Along the lines of being green, it can also be vital to think about what things we are bringing into the house. Try to avoid specific plastics that are harmful to health. __5__ They may contain poisonous chemicals that can be breathed in, or simply absorbed through the skin.‎ A．Into our lungs.‎ B．However, is it as healthy as it can be?‎ C．Is our home as comfortable as it used to be?‎ D．The same thing applies to certain carpets and paint.‎ E．It is also a good idea to add more plants in our house.‎ F．Besides, it can reduce both stress and high blood pressure.‎ G．It is acknowledged that a greener lifestyle is linked to better health.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者就如何营造一个“健康之家”提出了几条建议。‎ ‎1．选B　此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，引出“健康之家”的概念，也引出下文提到的如何营造“健康之家”。故选B项。‎ ‎2．选A　空前是一个问句，A项“进入了我们的肺”能恰当地回答前面的问句“这层层的灰尘去了哪儿？”，前呼后应，故选A项。‎ ‎3．选F　空前主要在讲阳光的好处，F项“此外，它(阳光)还能减轻压力和缓解高血压”与此相关。‎ ‎4．选E　此处需要一个段落主旨句。“Going green”‎ 是一个关键的信息词，且空后提到消除空气中的毒素，释放氧气，故可判断本段主要讲室内的绿化问题，且E项中的 plants 正是此段最后一句中 They 的指代对象。故选E项。 ‎ ‎5．选D　空处前一句讲到“有害塑料”问题，又D项讲到某些地毯和油漆，根据常识可知地毯和油漆可能会含有有害健康的化学物质，与语境符合，故选D项。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·山西八校第一次联考)Behind every great product is a great team.Teamwork in the workplace offers the staff the opportunity to become more familiar with each other and learn how to work together. __1__. There are several ways in which teamwork is important to the success of the company and to the development of each employee. ‎ ‎ Efficiency (效率)‎ ‎ Work teams develop systems that allow them to complete tasks efficiently.__2__， the team's work pace makes sure that the task is completed quickly and accurately. This allows the company to take on more work and also lets the company increase more income without having to add more staff. This becomes helpful when efficient teams from different departments work together.‎ Support ‎__3__. And a strong team environment can act as a support system for staff members. Work group members can help each other improve ‎ performance and work together toward improving professional development. Team members come to rely on each other and trust each other. __4__， these bonds can be important.‎ Ideas Teams in the workplace often meet to discuss how to deal with company problems. When a team works well together, it allows staff members to feel more comfortable in offering suggestions. Team members become accustomed to processing brainstorming information.__5__．‎ A．There are challenges each day in any workplace B．When the team faces a particularly hard challenge C．We all know teamwork helps companies earn more money D．When a task is handed to a welltrained and efficient team E．It is also the fuel that allows employees and companies to have success F．The company surely benefits from various suggestions given by efficient teams G．One of the main benefits of a strong team environment is to share ideas with each other ‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要从三个方面介绍了团队合作的好处：提高效率，相互支持，提出建议。‎ ‎1．‎ 选E　前面提到团队合作对员工的作用，后面提到团队合作在哪些方面对公司和员工起作用，故本空应该跟团队合作对公司和员工的作用有关，E项“它也有助于让员工和公司获得成功”符合语境。‎ ‎2．选D　本空后面半句谈到了“这个团队的工作节奏能够确保迅速无误地完成该工作”，再结合本段小标题Efficiency (效率)可知，本空应与高效率有关，故D项“当把一份工作交给一个训练有素且有效率的团队时”符合语境。‎ ‎3．选A　本段小标题是Support，后面一句谈到一个强大的团队环境可以为员工提供支持，因此A项“在任何一个工作场所，每天都会有挑战”能很好地与下文衔接。‎ ‎4．选B　本段的小标题是Support，谈的是团队成员的相互支持。本空前面谈到了团队成员相互帮助改善在公司的表现和共同努力改善专业发展，同时，团队成员也会逐渐相互依靠和信任。所以B项“当这个团队遇到很困难的挑战时”与后半句“这种相互关系(支持与信任)就会尤其重要”衔接。‎ ‎5．选F　本空前面谈到团队成员能更自如地提出建议，以及变得习惯于加工头脑风暴信息，为公司出谋划策，故F项“公司一定能够从高效的团队提供的建议中受益”符合上下文逻辑。同时，F项中的 suggestions 与小标题 Ideas 和最后一段中的 suggestions 有关联，也暗示了答案。‎ 技法针对练(九)——根据过渡关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·河北九校第一次联考)When the cold weather hits, swimming ‎ is probably an activity that's far from your mind. __1__. Here are some reasons why swimming in winter is great!‎ Work your muscles Every time you swim, it is like doing a miniresistance workout. Each kick and pull works your muscles more than you might imagine, especially your arms, shoulders and gluteus — the muscles that are inactive all day when you're sitting at your desk. Swimming also works your abs (腹肌) and will reduce your waistline. __2__．‎ Lift your spirits Exercise gives off chemicals in your body called endorphins (内啡肽)．These cause a positive feeling into your body which makes you happy. __3__. The repetition, movement and breathing can help you to relax and that's why swimming is also regarded as a relaxing exercise.‎ ‎__4__‎ Swimming is one of the best activities you can do all year round which benefits your body and your mind. Swimming has been found to increase blood flow to the brain, which leads to more oxygen. That means you'll experience improved alertness, better memory and cognitive (认知的) function.‎ Meet new people ‎__5__．You can meet people from all walks of life when swimming. Have a chat in the lap pool, join a swimming club, or get involved i n social water sports to get to know people in your community. Besides, the great thing about swimming is that you can do it — rain or shine. Although your backyard pool，the river, or beach cools down over winter, most inside swimming pools run heated pools yearround, so you've got no excuse to stop swimming!‎ A．Good for your brain B．Greatly beneficial to your body C．These chemicals can control your thought and action D．Swimming has been shown to reduce stress and tension E．While swimming is an individual sport, it's also very social F．So, along with building fitness, it is a wonderful fullbody exercise G．But swimming is one of the best activities everyone can undertake in winter 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，作者在文中介绍了冬泳的几点优势。‎ ‎1．选G　该空的前一句表明冬季的时候人们往往不再考虑游泳，空后一句“Here are some reasons why swimming in winter is great！”说明下文将介绍冬季游泳的益处，G项中的But表明转折关系，G项在此处起着承上启下的作用。‎ ‎2．选F　第二段的主题是“锻炼你的肌肉”‎ ‎，该空上文说明游泳能锻炼身体各部分的肌肉，比如胳膊、肩膀的肌肉，臀肌和腹肌，故F项中的“fullbody exercise”起到总结的作用。‎ ‎3．选D　本段主题是“让你开心起来”，上文的“makes you happy”和下文的“help you to relax”“relaxing”暗示D项“已证明游泳可以减少压力和紧张”符合段意。‎ ‎4．选A　本空是第四段的主题句，依据第四段的“increase blood flow to the brain ...experience improved alertness, better memory and cognitive (认知的) function”可知，本段主要讲述了冬泳对大脑的益处，故选A项。‎ ‎5．选E　依据下文的“You can meet people from all walks of life when swimming.”可知，游泳也可以是一种社交活动，这与E项中的“it's also very social”相符。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·太原一模)The first Thursday in May is World Password Day, but don't buy a cake or send cards. Computer chip maker Intel created the event as an annual reminder. __1__．‎ ‎ The purpose of a password is to limit access to information. Having a very common or simple one like “abcdef” or even normal words like “password”， is barely any security at all. __2__. Hackers' password cracking tools take advantage of this lack of creativity and get in our accounts easily. More experienced users would choose a less common password. However, they might still fall victim to cracking software. ‎ ‎__3__？ A secure password is all that stands between us and a ‎ cybercriminal. It should be unique and complex, which a hacker can't easily guess or crack. The best passwords are supposed to be at least 15 characters long and full of random numbers and letters. However, a long password means a complicated process to log into a website. __4__. You may want to write it down, but it is not suggested due to risk. ‎ ‎ Then what should we do? __5__. You can choose a phrase such as “I want to go to England.” Next, convert it to an abbreviation (缩略语) by using the first letters of each word and changing the word “to” to “2”. Then you get following password phrase: iw2g2e. You can make it even more complex by adding punctuation, spaces or symbols: % iw_2g2e! @. It is much easier to remember and safer. ‎ Can't wait to try? Let's say goodbye to “666666” and change your password right now.‎ A．What do network security experts do B．Try using shortened phrases for passwords C．How can we ensure the safety of a password D．Changing password regularly is an effective way E．That is like closing a door but not actually locking it F．It is used to say farewell to popular passwords like “123456”‎ G．And it is also difficult for us to remember a long irregular password 语篇解读：‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在我们生活中，为了使个人信息更安全，我们应该怎样设置密码。‎ ‎1．选F　此空承接上文，空前一句说世界密码日的设立是为了每年一次地提醒人们，F项“它用来向流行的密码，如‘123456’说再见”，符合语境，承接上文，故选F。‎ ‎2．选E　空前一句是说使用一个很普通或很简单的密码一点都不安全，E项“这就像关上门而实际上没有锁上一样”符合语境，故选E。‎ ‎3．选C　空处为该段的主题句，通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是如何设置一个安全的密码，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选G　根据空前一句“However, a long password means a complicated process to log into a website.”可知，一个长的密码意味着登录网站的复杂的过程，而且对于我们来说记住那些又长又不规则的密码是很难的，故选G。‎ ‎5．选B　空前一句是说我们应该做什么，下文介绍了如何用短语做密码，故B项“试着用缩写的短语做密码”符合语境，故选B，起着承上启下的作用。‎ 技法针对练(十)——根据转折关系解题 Passage 1‎ ‎(2019·安徽皖江名校联盟联考)The holiday season means friends, family, parties — and lots of unhealthy food. __1__‎ Save your pocket money.‎ If you're going to relax a few times over the season, concentrate on ‎ foods that are special or unique to this time of year — not the ones you can get all year round to avoid holiday weight gain, says Gary Foster, PhD, chief scientific officer for Weight Watchers. That means letting yourself enjoy a piece of pumpkin pie on Thanksgiving, __2__ The seasonal focus means when the holidays are past, the temptations will go with them and you can return to healthy eating.‎ Wait to enjoy.‎ ‎“We recommend you delay your drink until you have food in your stomach，” says Elizabeth Politti, RD, nutrition director for the Duke Diet and Fitness Center. She explains that food can help delay the absorption of alcohol. “Set some limits for yourself about alcohol such as that you won't have more than one or two drinks.” __3__ If one glass of wine makes you completely lose your eating inhibitions (抑制), maybe it's better to hold in the face of food temptation.‎ ‎__4__‎ If you're a regular gym rat, great. But if not, you can still avoid holiday weight gain by taking every opportunity to stay physically active. That means taking the stairs instead of the elevator, or getting off the bus a few stops early — __5__ And add bits of intensity, short bursts of more activity, whenever you can. These are the best workouts for people who hate exercise.‎ A．Stay active.‎ B．And know yourself.‎ C．When you're tired, your defenses go down.‎ D．all the little tricks for adding activity to your day you've read before.‎ E．Thanksgiving and New Year's aren't really 12 weeks of nonstop eating.‎ F．but not a stack of chocolate chip cookies at the office Christmas party.‎ G．These expert tips will help you avoid holiday weight gain without compromising the fun.‎ 语篇解读：假期除了可以和朋友或家人团聚之外，还会摄入大量的垃圾食品，对此，专家给出了一些既能避免体重增加又不减少快乐的假期建议。‎ ‎1．选G　该空起到承上启下的作用。设空前一句提到“假期意味着朋友、家人、聚会以及大量的垃圾食品”，设空处后为对假期的建议。G项句意为：这些来自专家的建议能帮助你在不减少快乐的前提下避免假期增重。G项中的“These expert tips”对应后文介绍的各种建议，“avoid holiday weight gain”对应第一段中的“lots of unhealthy food”，“the fun”对应第一段中的“friends, family, parties”，故G项符合语境。‎ ‎2．选F　根据“Save your pocket money.”部分中的“concentrate on foods that are special or unique to this time of year — not the ones you ‎ can get all year round”可知，在假期期间要吃这段时间特有的食物，而不是常年都能吃到的食物。所以要吃感恩节特有的南瓜派，而不是在圣诞聚会时吃一堆巧克力曲奇。巧克力曲奇常年都能吃到，而非圣诞节所特有的，故F项符合语境。F项内容和前半句构成转折关系。‎ ‎3．选B　设空前一句提到“Set some limits for yourself ... one or two drinks.”(要限制自己喝酒，比如不要超过一两杯)，而空后一句提到“如果喝一杯就控制不住想吃东西，那就在美食诱惑面前把持住自己”，所以本空应为“要了解你自己”，故B项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选A　本空是小标题，应概括本段内容。根据后文中的“If you're a regular gym rat, great. But if not, you can still avoid holiday weight gain by taking every opportunity to stay physically active.”可知，本段的主要内容应和积极锻炼相关，故选A项。‎ ‎5．选D　根据语境可知，要抓住每一个机会锻炼身体。故此处应表示走楼梯而不是坐电梯、提前几站下公交车等都是以前读过的增加活动量的小窍门。故选D项。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎(2019·合肥第一次质量检测)‎ Apologizing the Right Way to a Friend Why are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be the most difficult thing you do. But we all make mistakes, so you'll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize. Perhaps you had blown up at someone and realized later you reacted poorly. __1__. Whatever the ‎ reason, apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation.‎ ‎__2__. First, you acknowledge that you did something wrong. With an apology, you take responsibility for your actions, which allows your friend to forgive you. Second, an apology gives your sincerity as a friend. __3__， but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize.‎ Now, what are elements of a proper apology? __4__， depending on what the offense was, where it was done, and who you are apologizing to. In general, a good apology should include the following: a request for their attention, an acknowledgment of what happened, sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words “I'm sorry” or “I apologize”. Here are things never to say when apologizing. Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility. Never apologize as a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don't think you did. __5__， you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across. You'll really need to selfreflect so you can see things from your friend's point of view.‎ A．When you make your apology in person B．If you really believe you did nothing wrong C．Apologies benefit friendships in a variety of ways D．The way you apologize is going to be slightly different E．Or maybe you just didn't show support when you needed to F．Apologizing the right way, however, may take a little practice G．Sometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了向朋友道歉的正确方法。‎ ‎1．选E　根据空后的“Whatever the reason”可知，空处与空前一句讲的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以选项E与语境相符，且选项E中的“maybe”与空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼应，故选E。‎ ‎2．选C　空处位于段落句首主题句的位置；通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是道歉对友谊的好处，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎3．选G　根据空后的“but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize”可知，G项“有时我们的朋友轻易地就原谅了我们犯的小错误”符合语境，且和后半句构成转折关系。‎ ‎4．选D　根据空后的“depending on ... who you are apologizing to”可知，D项“你道歉的方法要稍微不同”与之衔接自然，故选D项。‎ ‎5．选B　根据空后的“you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across”可知，B项“如果你确实认为你没做错什么”与之联系紧密，故选B项。‎