2018届二轮复习七选五阅读从高考试题看命题特点及备考指导课件（34张）

2018届二轮复习七选五阅读从高考试题看命题特点及备考指导课件（34张）

2018 届二轮复习阅读理解专题 从高考试题看命题特点及备考指导 真题再练 命题特点 备考指南 A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again. F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened. 1. 2015 年全国新课标卷 I Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 1 Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. B 前句“信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得行为”是对 trust 的解释。选项 B 中的 it 指代上文出现的 trust, 并进一步解释其含义“对某人寄托信任”，故选 B ，与前句为顺承关系。 Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal ( 背叛 ). Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust any more. 2 It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. E 选项 E“ 他们曾经受过严重伤害 , 不能容忍这种事情再次发生”是上句“有时候人们就是不能再一次信任”的原因，也与下一句“这是可以理解的”有顺承关系。 3 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well being. A 选项 A“ 学会真正信任你自己”与空格后的 Having confidence in yourself 是同义复现，上下句的语义衔接紧密。 4 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated. C 空格后三次出现 victim 一词 , 与选项 C 中的 victim 形成原词复现。选项 C“ 不要把自己当作受害者”起到总起本段的作用。 You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 5 Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. G 选项 G“ 看到事情的积极方面并不意味着你对发生的事情视而不见”与下一句“相反 , 这是一个健康的方式”形成转折关系。选项中的 positive 与下文的 positive 是原词复现。 A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time 2. 2015 年全国新课标卷 II Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 1 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. C 由空格后“购买你能找到的最合适、最好的跑鞋”可知 , 这是为了跑马拉松而进行的准备 , 这应该是在进行马拉松训练之前做的事情 , 故选 C 。 When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 2 . As always, you should stretch ( 伸展 ) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. E 由空格前“当你找到似乎合适的鞋子时 , 穿着走几天 , 再次确认是否合适”可知 , 选项 E 中 they 指的就是前面提到的 shoes, 指代一致，使前后衔接紧密。 3 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 4 . 3. A 空格前的“在第一周的时候 , 不要想着跑了多远 , 只要每天多跑 5 分钟”与空格后“休息一天是明智的”，可知就是 6 天，故选 A 。 4. D 空格前“但是在接下来的一周 , 制定每次至少跑 1.5 英里的目标”与 D 项的“每天增加半英里”意义衔接紧密。 After two weeks, start timing yourself. 5 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. G 空格前的“两周后 , 开始给自己计时 (timing)” 与 G 项中的 improving distance and time 意义衔接。 3. 2014 年全国新课标卷 I A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we can’t forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 1 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1. Curiosity D 根据空格前“未来的工作尚未到来”和空格后表示方式的介词 By doing“ 通过帮助他们发展将来适用的基本技能”可知，此空应该是一个以 how 开头的疑问句 , 故选 D ( 那么我们该如何帮助孩子们为将来的工作做好准备呢 ) 。 Your children need to be deeply curious. 2 Ask kids, “What ingredients ( 配料 ) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? A 根据该空格后的 What ingredients ( 配料 ) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ( 下次我们可以添加什么配料来让这些薄煎饼更好吃呢 ) 可知与 cook 有关 , 故选 A( 鼓励孩子跟你一起烹饪 ) 。 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 3 There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. C 由空格前 take something existing and create something new( 用已经存在的东西创造出新的东西来 ), 可知与之匹配的只有选项 C ( 给孩子们用新的方式来思考的机会 ) 。 3. Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 4 “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” F 由空格后的连续三个问题可知，与 F 项的 ask questions 相关，故选 F( 我们可以在实际生活中这样做，或者就故事中的人物提问 ) 。 4. Self Expression 5 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. G 与小标题 Self Expression( 自我表达 ) 和空格后的 express thoughts and ideas 相关的只有 G 项“能用有意义的方式交流思想是一项宝贵的技能”。 curiosity n. 好奇心 classic adj. 第一流的 misread v. 读错 ; 看错 photography n. 摄影 , 摄影术 gardening n. 园艺 meaningful adj. 意味深长的 experiment with 用 …… 做实验 be a challenge for 对 …… 来说是一个挑战 jump to false conclusions 得出错误的结论 express thoughts and ideas 表达想法和观点 助读强化 4. 2014 年全国新课标卷 II A. Try new things. B. Ability is easily improved. C. Make three or four instead. D. Understand your food better. E. Cooking is a burden for many people. F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden. G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on. Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money, and time. 1 Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: B 空前提到 ability, money, time 三个原因，空后提到了 money 与 time, 所以这里应是谈 ability, 故选 B 。 1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already? 2 G 由本段的主题句 Think ahead ( 提前规划 ) 和段落中出现的 think ahead of the coming week, 可知选 G (…planning ahead…) 。 2. Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? 3 It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal. C 由空前的 Are you making one…? 与空后的 It takes around the same amount of time to make more… 可知，选 C (Make three or four…) 。 3. 4 This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule. A 此题要求填一个主题句 , 概括全段的内容。由其后的 surprise, new ideas, the more you try 等，可知选 A ( 尝试新东西 ) 。 Hopefully that gives you a good start. 5 And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live! F 由空前的 a good start 和空后的 don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes 可知 , 选 F“ 让做饭和简单生活成为一种享受 , 而不是一种负担”。 tight adj. 紧的 , 严厉的 worth adj. 值得的 loaf n. 条形面包 effort n. 努力 ; 成就 recipe n. 食谱 ; 处方 ; 烹饪法 appetite n. 爱好 , 食欲 make the most of 充分利用 take control of 控制 discourage…from 使某人丧失信心 ; 使某人泄气 be a burden for 对 …… 来说是一个负担 助读强化 命题特点 1. 短文 的体裁 都是说明文。 2. 其内容 都是教人如何学习、如何做事、如何生活。 3. 短文长度 在 300 词左右。 4. 常含有 how, tips, steps, suggestions, ways, methods 等词。 5. 大多有 大标题、小标题、主题句，或有表示列举或顺序的词 ( 如 first, second, next, then, finally 等 ) ，结构清晰，层次分明，条理清楚，便于理解。 6. 空格设置 有可能在文首，包括要求选标题或主题句 ( 体现主旨 ) ，以及文中和文尾。标题一般为名词短语或祈使句。 7. 七个选项通常 按由短到长的顺序排列，有时也由长到短排列，如 2012 年和 2013 年卷 Ⅰ 。 备考指南 备考策略还是靠阅读攻阅读，也就是说，只有多阅读才能攻克阅读。同时，在平时的阅读练习中，做到以下几点： 1. 按高考规定的时间 (7~8 分钟 ) 完成一篇阅读，养成限时阅读的习惯。 2. 在阅读过程中，要培养和加强语法意识和语篇意识。 3. 将自己还没有掌握好的考纲词汇 ( 单词和短语 ) 抄在自己的“生词簿”上，抄后在当天或近日要复习七八次，以后抽时间常翻开看看。始终牢记：没有英语词汇，也就没有英语。在阅读中强化词汇，在词汇量增加的前提下，提高阅读能力！ 4. 最好花十来分钟，透彻理解，将短文大声朗读两三遍。 5. 虽说大量阅读，对中下成绩的同学来说，并不在于数量多，而是贵在坚持，每天一两篇足矣。重要的是按以上四条方法去做，凡是在阅读中遇到的“生词”都必须设法牢记。 这类题的解题方法是：用略读法了解文章大意，理清结构层次；重点读懂空格的前后句，选项要与前后句语义衔接，符合逻辑；与前后句中有重复词语（包括有同根词、同义或近义词等）的选项，要重点考虑。 Thank you !