2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”单元学案（28页word版）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”单元学案（28页word版）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit 5　Canada—“The True North”单元学案 Period 1　文本研读课 学习目标 ‎1.Talk about Canada.‎ ‎2.Learn the geography, population, main cities, natural beauty and natural resources of Canada.‎ ‎3.Learn how to read a journal and use maps.‎ 思考导引 ‎1.Do you like to go sightseeing?‎ ‎2.Which country do you like to visit?‎ ‎3.What can you see in these countries?‎ 课堂探究 Ⅰ. Skimming ‎(1)What is the main idea of the text?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)What does “The True North” refer to?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)Where are they heading?‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅱ. Scanning(Try to find out what these numbers refer to in the text.)‎ Second: ‎ ‎5,500 kilometres: ‎ Thirty million: ‎ One third: ‎ Ⅲ. Intensive Reading Task 1 Fill in the blanks.‎ Para.1‎ Something about the trip Purpose ‎　　　　　　　　　 ‎ Ways of traveling first by　　　　,then by　　　　 ‎ Para.2:Discussion (Pair work)‎ Many people want to live in Vancouver. Find out all the reasons.‎ ‎ ‎ Para.3-Para.5:Answer the following questions.‎ ‎1....they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.(translation)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.A number of cowboys have a natural ability to ride wild horses and they can get a lot of money if they win the competition.(paraphrase)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.What does “empty” mean in Para.4?(compare its size and population)‎ ‎ ‎ Task 2 Detailed information—answer the following questions ‎1.Which continent are the cousins crossing?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Why are they not flying directly to the Atlantic coast?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.What happens at the Calgary Stampede?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.How are ocean ships able to reach the center of Canada?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.What are some of Canada’s greatest natural resources?‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅳ.Post-reading ‎1.According to the key words, retell the passage.‎ Basic facts about Canada ‎DistancefromcoasttocoastPopulationWheremostCanadiansliveLocationoflargefreshwatersupplyKeypointsaboutVancouverCalgaryThunderBay ‎2.Discussion ‎ ‎(1)Design a route for travelling.‎ ‎(2)Which cities would you like to visit in China?‎ ‎(3)What can you see in these cities?‎ Tips:‎ Beginning: If I have the chance to travel, I prefer to go to...,which impressed me most...is a... city. The reasons are as follows:‎ Body: Firstly,... Then,...Besides,...‎ Ending: So I’d like to choose...‎ 课后作业 My trip to...‎ ‎(Key words: all the way, go through, cross, go across, go eastward, settle down)‎ 参考答案 课堂探究 Ⅰ. Skimming ‎(1)Two girls, Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian, took the train to travel across ‎ Canada.‎ ‎(2)“The True North” refers to the cross-Canada train.‎ ‎(3) Eastward, across the continent.‎ Ⅱ. Scanning Second: The second largest country in the world.‎ ‎5,500:It is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.‎ Thirty million: The population of Canada is only slightly over thirty million.‎ One third: Canada has one third of the world’s total fresh water.‎ Ⅲ. Intensive reading Task 1 Para.1‎ to visit their cousins in Montreal; plane; train Para.2‎ ‎(1)It is Canada’s warmest place.‎ ‎(2)It is Canada’s most beautiful city.‎ ‎(3)People can ski in the mountains and sail in the harbor.‎ ‎(4)The coast north of it has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world.‎ Para.3-Para.5‎ ‎1.她们总算见到了野山羊,甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。‎ ‎2.Many of them have a gift for riding horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.‎ ‎3.Of large size but a small population.‎ Task 2‎ ‎1.They are crossing the American continent.‎ ‎2.Because they want to cross Canada by train from west to east and see the great scenery.‎ ‎3.Cowboys from all over the world come to compete in the Calgary Stampede for thousands of dollars in prizes.‎ ‎4.They can follow the St Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.‎ ‎5.Canada has fresh water from its lakes and rivers and wood from its forests.‎ Period 2　知识讲练课 ‎ ‎ 学习目标 ‎1.Master the usage of such important words and expressions as surround, measure, impress, rather than, settle down, manage to do, etc.‎ ‎2.Learn the method of constructing knowledge trees through self-study and cooperative exploration.‎ ‎3.Enjoy the fun of expressing yourselves in English and participate in class with strong passion.‎ 课堂探究 一、词汇精粹 学习建议:根据所列例句,理解并尝试总结下列词汇的用法。‎ ‎1.surround vt.包围,围绕(常用于被动结构)‎ ‎【教材原句】 People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by ‎ mountains and the Pacific Ocean.人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市,被大山和太平洋环抱。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The trees surround the harbor.树环绕着港湾。‎ ‎=The harbor is surrounded by/with trees.‎ 港湾被树环绕着。‎ ‎(2)He found himself lying in bed, surrounded with an atmosphere of kindness.‎ 他发现自己躺在床上,被友善的氛围所包围。‎ ‎(3)Once upon a time, a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings.‎ 从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王,他对邻邦十分友好。‎ ‎ surround vt.包围,围绕(常用于被动结构)‎ ‎(1)被……包围、环绕　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)adj.周围的　　　　　　　　 ‎ n.环境,周围的事物　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.measure v.测量;判定n.措施;计量单位 ‎【教材原句】 It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall,some measuring over 90 metres.‎ 那儿湿度很大,所以树都长的特别高,一些高达90多米。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The house measures 10 meters long.这房子长10米。‎ ‎(2)We can measure his ability by talking with him.‎ 我们能够通过与他谈话来判断他的能力。‎ ‎(3)Please let me make a suit to your measure.‎ 请让我为你量身定做一套衣服。‎ ‎(4)Measures must be taken to prevent the river from being polluted.‎ 必须采取一定的措施阻止河水被污染。‎ ‎ measure v.测量;判定　n.措施;计量单位 ‎(1)用……来衡量……　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)照某人的尺寸做某物　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)采取措施做某事　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.aboard adv.& prep.在(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)上;上(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)‎ ‎【教材原句】 That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.‎ 那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The plane crashed, killing 180 people aboard.‎ 飞机坠毁,机上180人全部遇难。‎ ‎(2)As soon as we went on board/went aboard, our ship left the port.‎ 我们一上船,船就出港了。‎ ‎ aboard adv.& prep.在(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)上;上(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)‎ ‎(1)go aboard (the ship/plane/train)　　　 ‎ ‎(2)on board 　　　 ‎ ‎(3)go on board 　　　 ‎ ‎【联系拓展】‎ board v.　　　 ‎ n.　　　 ‎ abroad adv.　　　 ‎ broad adj.　　　 ‎ ‎4.terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓 ‎【句子展示】 The idea that there will be an earthquake terrifies many people.‎ 将会有地震的说法吓坏了很多人。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The idea terrified many people.这个想法吓坏了很多人。‎ ‎(2)He terrified her into handing over the money.他恐吓她把钱交出来。‎ ‎(3)The girl was terrified of being scolding.这个小女孩害怕挨骂。‎ ‎(4)The terrifying stories terribly terrified the girl, which made her mother terrified. The situation is terrible.‎ 这个令人恐怖的故事吓坏了这个女孩,这使妈妈非常害怕。形势很可怕。‎ ‎ (1)terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓 adj.恐惧的　　　 ‎ adj.令人恐惧的　　　 ‎ adj.可怕的;极坏的　　　 ‎ adv.极端地;非常地　　　 ‎ ‎(2)恐吓某人做某事　　　 ‎ ‎(3)对……感到惊恐　　　 ‎ ‎5.impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记 ‎【句子展示】 She impressed me as a woman of great kindness.‎ 在我印象中,她是一位非常仁慈的女性。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The girl impressed us with her humour.‎ ‎=We were impressed by/with the girl’s humour.‎ 这个小女孩的幽默给我们留下了深刻的印象。‎ ‎(2)Father impressed the importance of working hard on me.‎ 父亲使我意识到努力工作的重要性。‎ ‎(3)Her words made/left/gave an impression on me.‎ 她的话给我留下了深刻的印象。‎ ‎ impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记 impression n.印象;效果 impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的 ‎(1)给某人留下……印象　　　 ‎ ‎(2)对……印象深刻　　　 ‎ ‎(3)留下深刻印象　　　 ‎ 二、短语集锦 ‎1.rather than而不是,宁愿……而不愿……‎ ‎【教材原句】 Rather than take the airplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.‎ 她们不想一路乘飞机,而决定先飞到温哥华,再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)He would die rather than give in.‎ ‎= He would rather die than give in.‎ ‎= He preferred to die rather than give in.他宁死不屈。‎ ‎(2)You rather than I are going to go camping.是你而不是我想去野营。‎ ‎(3)She enjoys singing rather than dancing.她喜欢唱歌而不是跳舞。‎ ‎(4)I decided to write rather than (to)telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。‎ ‎(5)He ran rather than walked.他跑着而不是走着。‎ ‎【辨析】‎ other than而不是;不同于 or rather更确切地说 ‎ rather than 而不是;宁愿……而不愿……‎ ‎(1)宁愿……而不愿……‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)rather than 连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。‎ ‎(3)rather than 连接前后两个并列的成分形式时,必须保持一致。如果后接不定式,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to,但当rather than位于句首时,只能接不带to的不定式。‎ ‎2.settle down vt.定居;(使)平静/安定下来 ‎【教材原句】 That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.‎ 那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Her parents expected her to get married and settle down soon.‎ 她父母期望她结婚,尽快安定下来。‎ ‎(2)They finally settled down to a discussion of the main problem.‎ 他们最终开始专心于对主要问题的讨论。‎ ‎ (1)settle down vt.定居;(使)平静/安定下来 ‎(2)专心于……　　　 ‎ ‎3.manage to do sth.设法成功做成某事 ‎【教材原句】 Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.‎ 那天早些时候,当她们穿越落基山脉时,她们总算见到了野山羊,甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)We managed to get / succeeded in getting to the airport in time.‎ 我们最终成功地到达机场。‎ ‎(2)Why not try taking a plane this time?‎ 这次试乘飞机怎么样?‎ ‎(3)Try to follow me when I speak English in class.‎ 在课上,我说英语时,你要努力跟上我。‎ ‎ manage to do sth. ‎ ‎=　　　　　　　　设法成功做成某事 ‎ ‎【联系拓展】‎ 试图/设法/努力做某事　　　 ‎ 尝试着做某事　　　 ‎ ‎4.have a gift for ...对……有天赋 ‎【教材原句】 Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.他们中许多人都有骑野马的才能,他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)He has a gift for learning languages.‎ 他对学习语言很有天赋。‎ ‎(2)A born singer means a man who is gifted at/in singing.‎ 天生的歌唱家就是一个对歌唱很有天赋的人。‎ ‎(3)The gifted musician is a man of many gifts, who had a gift for music when he was a child, and now he is gifted at/in playing many musical instruments.‎ 这位有才华的音乐家是一个多才多艺的人。当他是个孩子时就有音乐天赋。他现在擅长弹奏很多乐器。‎ ‎ (1)gift n.礼物;天赋;天生的才能 ‎(2)gifted adj.有天分的;有天赋的 ‎(3)对……有天赋　　　 ‎ ‎(4)擅长做某事　　　 ‎ ‎5.catch sight of看见;瞥见 ‎【教材原句】 Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.那天早些时候,当她们穿越落基山脉时,她们总算见到了野山羊,甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ I caught sight of her talking with her friend in the street on my way to shopping.‎ 在我去购物的路上,我看见她正在和朋友交谈。‎ ‎ (1)看见;瞥见　　　 ‎ ‎(2)再也见不着;忽略　　　 ‎ ‎(3)乍一看;初次见到　　　 ‎ ‎(4)看不见;在视野之外　　　 ‎ ‎(5)视力好/差　　　 ‎ ‎(6)丧失视力　　　 ‎ 课堂练习 ‎1.The man with 　　　　(宽阔的)shoulders 　　　　(登上飞机)the plane to travel 　　　　(到国外)and he only took daily necessities 　　　　(在飞机上). ‎ ‎2.They finally settled down to discuss the main problem.(纠错)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3. 　　　　　　　　(就我而言),everything is going smoothly. ‎ ‎4.I decided to write rather than telephoning.(纠错)‎ ‎ ‎ 课后提升 挑战一　小试牛刀 ‎1.她的幽默给我们留下了深刻的印象。(一句多译)‎ She　　　　　　　　 her humour. ‎ ‎=We 　　　　　　　　 her humour. ‎ ‎=Her humour 　　　　　　　　on us. ‎ ‎2.The plains(平原) stretched for as far as the eye could see.(英译汉)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.六年之前他开始丧失视力。(汉译英)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.The naughty boy spends most of his time playing computer games 　　　　 his lessons. ‎ A. rather than study B. other than studying C. rather than studying D. other than to study ‎5.Though it was difficult, I 　　　　 him find a job, which made him very pleased. ‎ A. tried to help B. managed to help C. tried helping D. succeeded to help ‎6.—How far apart do they live?‎ ‎—　　　　 I know, they live in the same neighbourhood. ‎ A.As long as B.As far as C.As well as D.As often as ‎7.　　　　 by thick bamboos and high forests,the ancient city hadn’t been discovered until the 1990s. ‎ A. Surrounding B. Surround C. Surrounded D. Having surrounded 挑战二　走进生活 请用上节课所学知识,说一说你旅游过的某个地方。‎ 课后作业 ‎1.Master what we have learned today.‎ ‎2.Make sentences by using each word or phrase.‎ 参考答案 ‎ 课堂探究 一、词汇精粹 ‎1.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)be surrounded by/with...‎ ‎(2)surrounding; surroundings ‎2.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)measure sth.by sth.‎ ‎(2)make sth.to sb.’s measure ‎(3)take measures/steps/action to do sth.‎ ‎3.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)上(船、飞机或火车)‎ ‎(2)在(船、车、飞机)上 ‎(3)上(船、飞机、车等)‎ ‎【联系拓展】‎ 上船(飞机等);寄宿 木板;董事会;膳食(费用)‎ 在国外;到国外 宽阔的 ‎4.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)terrified terrifying terrible terribly ‎(2)terrify sb. into doing sth.‎ ‎(3)be terrified of sth.‎ ‎5.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)impress sb. with sth.= impress sth.on sb.‎ ‎(2)be impressed by/with sth.‎ ‎(3)give/leave/make an impression on ‎ 二、短语集锦 ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎1.(1)would do sth. rather than do sth.‎ ‎= would rather do sth. than do sth.‎ ‎=prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.‎ ‎2.【归纳总结】(2)settle down to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎3.【归纳总结】 succeed in doing sth.‎ ‎【联系拓展】‎ ‎ try to do sth.‎ ‎ try doing sth.‎ ‎4.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(3)have a gift for ...‎ ‎(4)be gifted at/in ‎5.【归纳拓展】‎ ‎(1)catch sight of ‎(2)lose sight of ‎(3)at first sight ‎(4)out of sight ‎(5)have a good /poor sight ‎(6)lose one’s sight 课堂练习 ‎1.broad;boarded;abroad;aboard ‎2.discuss→discussing ‎3.As far as I’m concerned ‎4.telephoning→(to)telephone 课后提升 挑战一 ‎1.impressed us with; were impressed by/with ‎ left/made/gave an impression ‎ ‎2.平原一直延伸到眼睛能看到的地方。‎ ‎3.He began to lose his sight six years ago.‎ ‎4.C　5.B　6.B　7.C Period 3　语言运用课 学习目标 ‎1.Introduce the beautiful scenery about Canada to feel the different cultures in Canada and improve reading ability.‎ ‎2.Learn to express your ideas about Canada freely through self-directed study and cooperation.‎ ‎3.Be interested in traveling by expressing yourself in English.‎ 学习过程 Ⅰ.Pre-reading activity(读前)‎ 浏览文章内容,把握阅读速度;结合插图,猜测文章话题。‎ Task 1 Skimming—Skim the text and find out the main idea of the text and the detailed information.‎ ‎1. What is the main idea of this part?‎ A. The whole travel in Canada of the cousins.‎ B. What they have done and seen during the trip in Toronto and Montreal.‎ C. The cousins’ feelings about Canada.‎ D. The delicious food and beautiful sights in Toronto and Montreal.‎ ‎2. What can sometimes be seen from the CN Tower in Toronto?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3. Why is there good Cantonese food in Toronto?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4. Which direction is the train going from Toronto?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. Which three things show that Montreal is a French city?‎ ‎ ‎ Task 2 Careful reading ‎1....there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.‎ ‎(1)画线部分是动词-ing在句中作　　　　(成分)。 ‎ ‎(2)翻译本句　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.Over dinner at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei,who had moved to Canada many years earlier.‎ ‎(1)画线部分是过去分词在句中作　　　　(成分)。 who引导的是　　　　从句,修饰　　　　。 ‎ ‎(2)翻译本句　。 ‎ ‎3.The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.‎ 注意:and连接的是前后两个并列的宾语从句,第一个宾语从句的引导词that 　　　　‎ ‎(可/不可)省略;第二个宾语从句的引导词that 　　　　(可/不可)省略。 ‎ Ⅱ.Writing ‎ 学习建议:请根据写作指导完成写作任务。‎ The topic is “the report about Canada”. The writing must be about 120 words.‎ ‎1.Recall some impressive things about Canada according to the cousins’ trip.‎ ‎2.Imagine two of you are the cousins. The other student asks questions about the trip. Describe two or three things that impressed you most and your feelings. And then switch roles.‎ ‎3.Please finish the composition according to the discussion. Your passage must include two or three most impressive things during the trip across Canada. Be sure that your report has:‎ ‎(1)A title.‎ ‎(2)A short paragraph to introduce your passage’s topic.‎ ‎(3)A paragraph for each impressive thing(be sure to include its location and how it made you feel).‎ ‎(4)A short conclusion.‎ ‎4.After finishing your writing, swap your composition with your partner and correct the mistakes.‎ ‎5.Hand in your composition.‎ 好词好句 ‎1.the most important and interesting things 最重要而且最有趣的事情 ‎2.Canada is...,which is...非限制性定语从句的使用 ‎3.all the way to一直到……‎ ‎4.We visited the covered stadium, which is the home of the famous basketball team.非限制性定语从句的使用 写作要求:短文连贯,词数120左右,限时15分钟完成。‎ 写作正文 ‎ ‎ 课后作业 Polish your composition and hand it in.‎ 参考答案 ‎ 学习过程 Ⅰ.Pre-reading activity Task 1‎ ‎1.B ‎2.Sometimes the misty cloud that rises from the great Niagara Falls can be seen from the CN Tower.‎ ‎3.There is good Cantonese food in Toronto because most of the Chinese people there come from South China, especially Hong Kong.‎ ‎4.The train is going east (northeast)from Toronto.‎ ‎5.Good coffee, good bread and good music show that Montreal is a French city.Also the signs and ads are in French.‎ Task 2‎ ‎1.(1)状语　(2)……地面上覆盖了一层薄霜,表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。‎ ‎2.(1)定语;定语;Lin Fei　(2)在一个名叫“海珠酒楼”的餐馆里用餐时,表姐妹和许多年前就移居加拿大的林菲闲聊了起来。‎ ‎3.可;不可 Ⅱ.Writing 参考范文:‎ What we saw in Canada My cousin and I traveled across Canada by train from west to east. We saw many things from the train on the way across, and in the cities of Toronto and Montreal. Some of the most important and interesting things that we saw are included in this report.‎ We passed through the Rocky Mountains on the train, and saw wild scenery, a grizzly bear and some mountain goats. Canada is very empty in the center, which is a wheat-growing area. The city of Thunder Bay is a port in the center of Canada. Ocean ships can come all the way to the top of the Great Lakes.‎ In Toronto, we went up the CN Tower and saw the mist from Niagara Falls. We visited the covered stadium, which is the home of the famous basketball team. We saw Chinatown and had dinner at the Pink Pearl Restaurant.‎ When we arrived in Montreal the next day, we saw many signs and ads in French. Then we went to the Old Montreal and sat in a typical cafe beside the St. Lawrence River. We spent the afternoon in shops and visiting artists in their workplaces.‎ There is so much to see and do in Canada on one trip. We saw only a few things, but we think we would like to go back for another visit.‎ Period 4　语法专题课 ‎ ‎ 学习目标 ‎1.Grasp the grammatical rules of noun clauses as the appositive in this unit; learn to put them into practice freely.‎ ‎2.Learn to construct the grammatical trees and use the noun clauses in real situations through self-study and cooperative exploration.‎ ‎3.Be absorbed in English study and enjoy the beauty of English.‎ 学习过程 一、语法聚焦(同位语从句)‎ 学习建议:根据所列例句,理解并尝试总结同位语从句的用法。‎ ‎(一)同位语从句的基本概念 ‎1.Tom,our monitor,is a handsome boy.‎ 汤姆,我们的班长,是一个帅气的男孩。‎ ‎2.I myself will do the experiment.‎ 我要自己做这一实验。‎ ‎3.She is the oldest among them six.‎ 她是她们六人当中年龄最大的。‎ ‎4.Yesterday I met Tom,a friend of my brother’s.‎ 昨天,我遇到了汤姆,我哥哥的一个朋友。‎ ‎5.He told me the news that the plane had exploded.‎ 他告诉我那架飞机爆炸的消息。‎ 以上句子的画线部分在句子中充当的成分是①　　　　。它是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,补充说明它们的②　　　　,它可以由③　　　　、代词、数词、名词性短语或从句等充当。 ‎ ‎6.The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. ‎ 要横贯整个大陆的想法是令人兴奋的。‎ ‎7.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.‎ 海轮可以开到五大湖,让女孩们感到吃惊。‎ 同位语从句在句中作某一名词尤其是④　　　　名词的同位语,一般位于该名词⑤　　　　,解释说明该名词的⑥　　　　。这些抽象名词通常有fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等。 ‎ ‎(二)同位语从句的连接词 仔细观察下列句子,注意连接词的用法。‎ ‎1.The news that Mr Li will be our new English teacher is true.‎ 李先生将会是我们的新英语老师的消息是准确的。‎ ‎2.He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.他还没有决定他是否会去那儿。‎ ‎3.The question who should do the job is being discussed at the meeting.‎ 谁该做这份工作正在会议上讨论。‎ ‎4.I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now.‎ 我不知道那个男孩在邻屋里做什么。‎ ‎5.We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation this year.我们还没有定下来今年到哪里过暑假。‎ ‎6.I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.我不知道如何去火车站。‎ ‎7.I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。‎ ‎ (1)that引导同位语从句时　　　　　　　,如句1; ‎ ‎(2)whether引导同位语从句时　　　　　　　,如句2; ‎ ‎(3)连接代词who, what等引导同位语从句时　　　　　　　,如句3,4; ‎ ‎(4)连接副词where, how, when等在从句中　　　　　　　,如句5,6,7。 ‎ ‎(三)同位语从句的注意事项 ‎1.The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.‎ 传说威廉•特尔用箭杀死了国王。‎ Word came that their team had won.他们队获胜的消息传来。‎ 小结:‎ 分隔式同位语从句:当含有同位语从句的句子谓语部分过短时,可以把谓语动词提前,使同位语从句与名词隔开,以避免头重脚轻的现象。‎ ‎2.(1)Our teacher gave us some advice that we use the computer.‎ 我们的老师给我们建议应该使用电脑。‎ ‎(2)The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule should be adopted.‎ 应该采用新规定的建议是主席提出来的。‎ ‎(3)The teacher gave the order that all the homework be finished in three weeks.‎ 老师命令我们所有的作业应该在三周内完成。‎ 先行词为名词advice, suggestion, order, demand, command, request, desire, proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用　　　　 +　　　　的形式。 ‎ ‎3.名词doubt后的同位语从句用　　　　引导;no doubt后的同位语从句用　　　引导。 ‎ ‎(1)I have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.‎ 我怀疑他们是否能按时完成这项任务。‎ ‎(2)There is no doubt that Lily will keep her promise.毫无疑问莉莉会信守诺言。‎ ‎(四)同位语从句与定语从句的区别 ‎1.I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.‎ 我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。(定语从句)‎ ‎2.Do you have any idea when he will be back?‎ 你知道他什么时候回来吗?(同位语从句)‎ ‎3.This is the house where I lived two years ago.‎ 这是我两年前住过的房子。(定语从句)‎ ‎4.Then arose the question where we were to get the machines needed.‎ 那时就产生了这样一个问题,我们到哪儿寻找所需要的机器。(同位语从句)‎ 小结:‎ 当when, where等引导定语从句时,其意思与先行词的意思基本相同,没有　　　　意义;但它们引导同位语从句时,与先行词毫无关系,其意义　　　　,即when表示“什么时候”,where表示“哪儿”。它们引导这两种从句时,都在从句中作　　　　。 ‎ 课堂练习 Rewrite the following sentences with noun clauses as the appositive.‎ ‎1.He suggested that we should take the train from west to east across Canada. It sounds very exciting.‎ His suggestion ‎ ‎2.They decided to clone the first human being. The idea surprised many people at the meeting.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.No one is allowed to smoke on campus. But he broke the rule.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.He hoped that he would come and visit China again. He expressed his wish in the letter.‎ ‎ ‎ 课后提升 挑战一　小试牛刀 Ⅰ.将下面的句子改写为含有同位语从句的句子。‎ ‎1.Yao Ming collected forty points for the Houston Rockets in the game. When the Chinese basketball fans heard the news, they went wild with joy.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.He is the right person for this job. No one has any doubt about it.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.The captain gave the order. All the soldiers had to reach the village before dawn.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅱ.用适当的连接词填空,使下列句子意思完整。‎ ‎1.They expressed the hope 　　　　 they would come over to China soon. ‎ ‎2.The fact 　　　　 he didn’t see Tom this morning is true. ‎ ‎3.Word has come 　　　　 some American guests will come to our college for a visit next week. ‎ ‎4.He can’t answer the question 　　　　 he got the money from his home yesterday. ‎ ‎5.Do you have any idea 　　　　 is actually going on in the classroom? ‎ ‎6.The problem 　　　　 we should have the meeting in the hall must be decided at once. ‎ Ⅲ.下列各句中均有一处错误,请改正。‎ ‎1.Our team has won the game, that made us very happy.‎ ‎2.I’ve come with a message from Mr. Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.‎ ‎3.He must answer the question if he agrees with what she said or not.‎ ‎4.I’ve read the book where you gave me the day before yesterday.‎ ‎5.One of the men held the opinion when what the book said was right.‎ 挑战二　典题在线 ‎1.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?‎ ‎—Yeah, but I have no idea 　　　　 he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities. ‎ A. when B. why ‎ C. that D. how ‎2.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief 　　　　 you are better than anyone else on the sports field. ‎ A. how B. that ‎ C. which D. whether ‎3.The notice came around two in the afternoon 　　　　 the meeting would be postponed. ‎ A. when B. that ‎ C. whether D. how ‎4.A story goes 　　　　 Elizabeth Ⅰ of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen. ‎ A. when B. which ‎ C. what D. that ‎5.There’s a feeling in me 　　　　 we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever. ‎ A. that B. which ‎ C. of which D. what ‎6.There is still some doubt 　　　　 the system will work even though all the factors have been considered. ‎ A. that B. which ‎ C. why D. whether ‎7.We have offered him the position, but I don’t have the slightest idea 　　　　 he will accept it. ‎ A. how B. if ‎ C. whether D. that ‎8.People all over the world have a dream 　　　　 they will always live a peaceful life. ‎ A. that B. what ‎ C. which D. where 课后作业 ‎1.Master what we have learned today.‎ ‎2.Tidy the mistakes in the paper.‎ 参考答案 ‎ 学习过程 ‎(一)‎ ‎①同位语　②具体内容　③名词　④抽象　⑤后面　⑥具体内容 ‎(二)‎ ‎【归纳总结】(1)只起连接作用,既无含义也不充当任何成分 ‎(2)不充当任何成分,意为“是否”‎ ‎(3)充当从句主语或宾语,意为“谁”“什么”‎ ‎(4)充当从句状语,意为“哪里”“怎么样”“什么时候”‎ ‎(三)‎ ‎2.(should);do　3.whether;that ‎(四)‎ 小结:疑问;完全与疑问词相同;状语 课堂练习 ‎1.that we should take the train from west to east across Canada sounds very exciting.‎ ‎2.The idea that they decided to clone the first human being surprised many people at the meeting.‎ ‎3.He broke the rule that no one is allowed to smoke on campus.‎ ‎4.In the letter he expressed his wish that he would come and visit China again.‎ 课后提升 挑战一 Ⅰ.1.The Chinese basketball fans went wild with joy when they heard the news that Yao Ming had collected forty points for the Houston Rockets in the game.‎ ‎2.There is no doubt that he is the right person for this job.‎ ‎3.The captain gave the order that all the soldiers had to reach the village before dawn.‎ Ⅱ.1.that　2.that　3.that　4.how　5.what　6.whether Ⅲ.1.that→which　‎ ‎2.how→that　‎ ‎3.if→whether　‎ ‎4.where→that/which或去掉where　‎ ‎5.when→that 挑战二 ‎1.B　2.B　3.B　4.D　5.A　6.D　7.C　8.A 高考试题链接 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Our travel experts are eager to assist you with your cheap flight tickets and package deal bookings.Call us for cheap air ticket deals on flights from all UK airports.‎ Cheap Flights to New York The inspiring skyline of Manhattan is an unforgettable sight when first glimpsed，and New York is a city that knows how to attract the visitors.Visit the Statue of Liberty，take a horsedrawn carriage round Central Park，take a photo at Times Square，see a show on Broadway，or explore Chinatown.‎ Book your cheap flight to New York from ￡459 only.‎ Cheap Flights to San Francisco San Francisco is a big city with a smalltown charm delighting its visitors.This “City by the Bay” has a gorgeous ocean setting，wonderful architecture，and the Golden Gate Bridge that dominates the landscape.There’s so much to see and do.You can enjoy a ride in a cable car，visit fashionable Nob Hill and Union Square.There’s no shortage of amazing nightlife with restaurants，night clubs，and bars of every description.‎ Book your cheap flight to San Francisco from ￡564 only.‎ Cheap Flights to Sydney Surf，sand and sun sum up this vibrant city like no other.Famous for its golden beaches and truly worldclass surf，Sydney offers the best outdoor activities.A lively centre for business as well as arts，the city is a wonder with cafe culture，charming nightlife，and an exciting restaurant scene.You can learn to surf at Manly，swim at Icebergs pool，and take a dip in the ocean at Bondi Beach.You can also dip into the Opera House for a concert，explore the Botanical Gardens，and take an earlydinner sunset cruise on the lovely Sydney Harbor to watch the city light up.‎ Book your cheap flight to Sydney from ￡796 only.‎ Did you know that booking flight ticket and hotel together could save you up to 40% on your total travel cost? Ask our expert travel agent to quote you on a package deal to New York，San Francisco，Sydney and save big.‎ Hurry! Call us now to get this cheap flight deal.Call Southall Travel 24/7 to book cheap flights.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇旅游广告。文章介绍了前往纽约、旧金山、悉尼的廉价机票以及当地的特色旅游景色。‎ ‎21．If you like to enjoy wonderful nights with friends，you’ll probably book the ticket to .‎ A．New York or San Francisco B．New York or Sydney C．Chinatown or Bondi Beach D．Sydney or San Francisco 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章Cheap Flights to San Francisco部分第一段最后一句“There’s no shortage of amazing nightlife with restaurants，night clubs，and bars of every description.”和Cheap Flights to Sydney部分第三句“A lively centre for business as well as arts，the city is a wonder with cafe culture，charming nightlife，and an exciting restaurant scene.”可知，在Sydney和San Francisco都可以享受精彩的夜生活。故选D。‎ ‎22．According to the author，Sydney is best known for .‎ A．its beaches and surfing B．its business as well as arts C．the Opera House D．the Botanical Gardens 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Cheap Flights to Sydney部分第二句“Famous for its golden beaches and truly worldclass surf，Sydney offers the best outdoor activities.”可知，Sydney 以海滩和冲浪而闻名。故选A。‎ ‎23．What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A．To introduce three famous cities.‎ B．To attract tourists to book flights.‎ C．To introduce some travel experts.‎ D．To recommend tourist activities.‎ 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇旅游广告，目的是吸引旅游者预订机票，前去观光。故选B。‎ B Brian Greene，a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University，has created an online science education platform.He tries to “build a bridge” with things you know about，and then “bring you across that bridge to the strange place of modern physics”．‎ Recently I had a chance to ask Greene about wormholes (a hole which some scientists think might exist，connecting parts of space and time that are not usually connected)，time travel and other mysteries of the universe.I asked him a milliondollar question：What if I went through a wormhole and prevented my parents from meeting? “Most of us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said.“Although there are several interesting theories about time travel，” he added，“the laws of physics would probably prevent something so illogical(不合逻辑的) from taking place.The good news is that the time paradox(悖论) is open for future physicists to solve.”‎ When asked how physics could become more exciting for kids，Greene said that books by Stephen Weinberg，Leonard Susskind，and other physicists，“make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren’t yet ready，perhaps，to learn math.”‎ When I pointed out that some students still might find physics boring，Greene said that the key is to teach them about things that are strange.“The basic stuff is important，” Greene said.“But I think it’s really important to also describe the more modern ideas，things like black holes and the Big Bang.If kids have those ideas ‎ in mind，then at least some of them will be excited to learn all the details.”‎ Greene has followed Albert Einstein’s lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe.Now he wants kids to do the same.As Greene said，physics is “not just a matter of solving problems in an exam”. It’s about experimenting，showing an interest in strange phenomena(现象)—and having fun!‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子将会对现代物理学感兴趣。‎ ‎24．A milliondollar question in Paragraph 2 is probably very .‎ A．direct B．difficult　C．personal D．long 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知，作者提出的这个问题非常难。‎ ‎25．The books by Weinberg and Susskind .‎ A．are boring to read B．are mainly about math C．are popular science books D．are only popular among kids 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“...books by...‘make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren’t yet ready，perhaps，to learn math.’”可知，Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂，适合普通大众阅读，故这些书属于流行的科普读物。‎ ‎26．According to Paragraph 4，which of the following does Greene agree with?‎ A．Modern physics is a boring subject.‎ B．Interest plays an important role in studying.‎ C．It is not necessary to learn all about physics.‎ D．It is easy to describe black holes and the Big Bang.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时，Greene说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事，并描述一些诸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸的现代物理现象，如果孩子们知道了这些，他们就愿意了解更多详细的内容。因此他认为兴趣在学习过程中起着非常重要的作用。‎ ‎27．In the last paragraph，Greene hopes that .‎ A．kids can love science and physics B．kids can do well in physics exams C．kids can have fun with experiments D．kids can find more strange things in life 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Greene has followed Albert Einstein’s lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe.Now he wants kids to do the same.”可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。‎ C ‎(2018•山西太原一模)‎ Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina.We were there，as mental health professionals，to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.As we walked in the gate to the shelter，we were greeted with a burst of gratitude(感激) from the first person we met.I felt appreciated，but also guilty，because I hadn’t really done anything yet.‎ I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend’s mother passed away unexpectedly.I received a call saying she had just passed away.I wanted to rush down there immediately，but didn’t want to intrude(打扰) on this very personal period of sadness.I was torn about what to do.Another friend with me then said，“Just go.Just be there.” I did，and I will never regret it.‎ Since then，I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others.Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDSrelated dying.He was not awake，and obviously unaware of others’ presence.However，the atmosphere was by no means solemn.His family，playing guitars and singing，allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.‎ In my life，I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.In it，none of us are truly alone.It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的重要意义。‎ ‎28．Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?‎ A．He built shelters for them.‎ B．He gave immediate first aid to them.‎ C．He came to stay with them.‎ D．He brought mental health professionals.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起，所以他们感激“我”，故C项正确。‎ ‎29．What did the author do when his friend’s mother passed away?‎ A．He hesitated over whether to go.‎ B．He went to his friend’s at once.‎ C．He knew what to do instantly.‎ D．He decided not to disturb his friend.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately ...I was torn about what to do.”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打扰朋友，据此可知，当朋友的母亲去世时，“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。故A项正确。‎ ‎30．What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Heavy but warm.‎ B．A little sad but cosy.‎ C．Relaxing and delightful.‎ D．Very serious and unhappy.‎ 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。上文说这个年轻人意识不清晰了，濒临死亡，下文又讲到他的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌，仿佛他还很健康一样。由此可判断，在家人的陪伴下，气氛并不悲伤和严肃。故可猜测，画线词意为“严肃的”，故D项正确。‎ ‎31．What has the author learned from his experiences?‎ A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ B．Being present can make a big difference.‎ C．The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.‎ D．Being a volunteer can make one’s life more significant.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句并结合第二段第一句可知，从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义，故B项正确。‎ D Working well in a team requires full cooperation.It’s an important skill for almost every employee to have.Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done，and others depend on you to get their work done.‎ Communicate well.Lack of communication is one of the biggest reasons of a team’s failure.Seek input from team members so they feel like a valuable part of the team.Communication establishes trust among team members.In addition，communicating well can help prevent and resolve conflict.Meet regularly to keep members involved and aware of your work progress.Post decisions where everyone in the team can see them.‎ Be flexible.In teamwork，priorities and responsibility can change instantly.Stay ready to shift focus.Training team members to be able to do parts of other team members’ jobs can be a valuable part of teamwork；being flexible helps to build appreciation for all the parts of the team.‎ Meet deadlines.Work hard to ensure you meet established deadlines when you work in a team environment.Others are depending on your work.Negotiate timelines with your teammates at the start of a project.Doing so allows you to have a say in how work gets accomplished.‎ Establish accountability.All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project.Although not every team needs a leader，teams require a formal way to ensure everyone does his part.Try using meetings to report on progress.‎ Celebrate accomplishments and encourage the team.Senior executives may not always recognize the importance of some team members’ work.Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work is invaluable in helping you get your work done.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了提高团队工作效率的方法和策略。‎ ‎32．What can you conclude from the first paragraph?‎ A．Working in a team means your work is separate.‎ B．Working in a team means your work is effective.‎ C．Being a member of a team means your work is independent.‎ D．Being a member of a team means your work is interdependent.‎ 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，作为团队一员意味着分工合作、相互依赖。故选D。‎ ‎33．Which of the following deeds does NOT contribute to effective teamwork?‎ A．Keeping silent in a team discussion.‎ B．Being able to do parts of others’ job.‎ C．Acknowledging others’ work publicly.‎ D．Holding meetings to report on progress.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章中并没有提到在团队讨论中保持沉默有利于团队工作。故选A。‎ ‎34．What does the underlined word “accountability” refer to in the fifth paragraph?‎ A．Success. B．Responsibility.‎ C．Insurance. D．Community.‎ 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的后一句“All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project.”可知，团队工作中所有成员都要对项目的成功和失败负责，故可推知，此处应选B。‎ ‎35．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．How to Succeed in Communicating with Others B．How to Work Effectively in a Team Environment C．Ways to Work Well in Completing Projects D．Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Employees 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据本文的关键词“teamwork”并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是提高团队工作效率的方法和策略。故选B。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎(2018•广东珠海模拟)‎ You know the drill when it comes to losing weight: take in fewer calories and burn more calories. 36 If you’re trying to drop a few pounds fast，these interesting tips will make it easy.‎ Eat in front of mirrors and you’ll lose weight.‎ One study finds that eating in front of mirrors reduces the amount people eat by nearly onethird.Having to look yourself in the eye reflects back some of your own inner standards and goals. 37 ‎ Sniff a banana or an apple when you feel hungry.‎ ‎ 38 Researchers find that the more frequently people sniff，the less hungry they are and the more weight they lose—an average of 30 pounds each.One theory is that sniffing the food tricks the brain into thinking you’re actually eating it.‎ ‎ 39 ‎ Whether that’s a floor，a couple of windows，or your car，a 150pound person will burn about four calories for every minute spent cleaning.Scrub for 30 minutes and you ‎ could work off approximately 120 calories，the same number in a halfcup of frozen yogurt.‎ Stare at the color blue.‎ There’s a good reason you won’t see many fastfood restaurants decorated in blue: it helps to control an appetite.So serve up dinner on blue plates，dress in blue while you eat，and cover your table with a blue tablecloth. 40 Studies find they encourage eating.‎ A．You might feel silly，but it works.‎ B．Therefore，adjust your eating habits.‎ C．Wash something thoroughly once a week.‎ D．That’s all it takes to lose as many pounds as possible.‎ E．On the contrary，avoid red，yellow，and orange in your dining areas.‎ F．In other words，it reminds you of why you’re trying to lose weight in the first place.‎ G．But you also know that most diets and quick weightloss plans don’t work as promised.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要介绍了几个快速有效减肥的方法。‎ ‎36．答案　G 解析　根据上文中的“You know”及下文中的“If you’re trying to drop a few pounds fast，these interesting tips will make it easy for you to lose weight quickly.”可推知，G项“但是，你也知道大部分的节食和快速减肥计划并不像承诺的那样有效”符合语境，所以选G项。‎ ‎37．答案　F 解析　根据上文中的“Having to look yourself in the eye reflects back some of your own inner standards and goals.”可推知，F项中的“why you’re trying to lose weight”与上文的“goals”相对应，所以选F项。‎ ‎38．答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“Researchers find that the more frequently people sniff...an average of 30 pounds each.”并结合本段小标题“Sniff a banana or an apple when you feel hungry”可推知，A项“你可能觉得(这种行为)可笑，但是它却有效”符合语境，所以选A项。‎ ‎39．答案　C 解析　空处为本段的小标题，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了清洗一些东西可以消耗大量的卡路里，从而有助于减肥，所以选C项作本段的小标题。‎ ‎40．答案　E 解析　根据空后一句“Studies find they encourage eating.”并结合本段的小标题“Stare at the color blue”可推知，此处表示与蓝色相比，其他的颜色对食欲的影响，所以选E项。‎ 第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Beyonce Giselle Knowles was born in Texas in 1981.She 41 singing and dancing and quickly developed the 42 that would make her an international superstar.Her talents were 43 by her dance teacher 44 she was a church ‎ choir soloist.She took Beyonce to local talent competitions， 45 she won no fewer than 30 of them.‎ Beyonce decided to form a singing 46 .She asked her best friend LaTavia Roberson to 47 her.She also invited along a cousin and a friend and together they 48 a quartet(四重唱组) called “Destiny’s Child”．Beyonce’s father saw their potential and 49 his wellpaid job to become the group’s manager.They shot to fame as the most 50 female group of all time.‎ ‎ 51 was touch and go(草率行事) at the beginning 52 or not her father’s financial risk would 53 .In 1997，they signed with Columbia Records and 54 debut(首次) single，Killing Time，was the soundtrack 55 the film The Men in Black.They recorded 56 and won dozens of awards.Beyonce went solo in 2000 and her 57 continued to take off.‎ Knowles won five awards at the 2004 Grammy Awards and a BRIT Award for International Female Solo 58 .She has recorded with the biggest names in 59 .Her career also went off in different 60 .She became the first singer ever to model for Sports Illustrated magazine and appeared in many movies.In April 2008，she married her longtime sweetheart，rapper JayZ.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了歌星Beyonce Giselle Knowles成长和成功的经历。‎ ‎41．A.grew up B cheered up C．gave up D．got up 答案　A 解析　根据前句中的“was born ...”和后句中的“make her an international superstar”可知，她在成长过程中唱歌、跳舞，所以grow up “成长”，符合语境。‎ ‎42．A.questions B．quantities C．qualities D．quotes 答案　C 解析　根据上文的“singing and dancing”和下文的“talents”可知，她发展了成为国际超级明星的特质，所以quality “品质，特性”符合句意。‎ ‎43．A discouraged B．discovered C．created D．concealed 答案　B 解析　根据下文“She took Beyonce to local talent competitions...”可知，她的舞蹈老师发现了她的天赋，所以discover “发现”符合句意。‎ ‎44．A.because B．though C．before D．while 答案　D 解析　根据句意可知，当她是教堂唱诗班的一名独唱者时，她的舞蹈老师发现了她的天赋。while“在……期间；当……的时候”符合句意。‎ ‎45．A.where B．which C．when D．wherever 答案　A 解析　根据句意可知该连词引导定语从句，修饰competitions，且在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。‎ ‎46．A.group B．school C．concert D．club 答案　A 解析　根据下文的“a quartet(四重唱组) called ‘Destiny’s Child’”和“the group’s manager”可知答案为A。group “组合”符合句意。‎ ‎47．A.teach B．join C．help D．invite 答案　B 解析　根据下文的“She also invited along a cousin and a friend and together they...”可知，碧昂丝请求她最好的朋友和她一起组成音乐组合，所以join “加入；同(某人)一起”符合句意。‎ ‎48．A.copied B．dismissed C．visited D．formed 答案　D 解析　根据上文“Beyonce decided to form a singing...”可知，她们组成了一个四重唱组，所以form “组成，形成”符合句意。‎ ‎49．A.got B．created C．quit D．continued 答案　C 解析　根据“to become the group’s manager”可知，碧昂丝的父亲辞去收入颇丰的工作，做这个演唱组合的经纪人，所以quit “辞去”符合句意。‎ ‎50．A.successful B．beautiful C．intelligent D．powerful 答案　A 解析　根据上文“shot to fame”可知，她们这个组合是非常成功的，successful “成功的”符合句意。‎ ‎51．A.This B．It　C．That D．One 答案　B 解析　从句式结构可知这里缺少形式主语it，真正的主语是后面的主语从句。‎ ‎52．A.if B．where C．whether D．when 答案　C 解析　whether引导名词性从句时，常和or not搭配使用。‎ ‎53．A.pay off B．put off C．set off D．take off 答案　A 解析　根据句意和上文“...his wellpaid job to become the group’s manager”可知，在开始时她父亲的这种金融冒险会不会成功，还不确定。pay off “取得成功”符合句意，主语往往是付出、投资；而take off 的主语往往是事业、生意。‎ ‎54．A.its B．his　C．her D．their 答案　D 解析　根据上下文可知，此处说的是她们这个组合的第一首单曲，所以与之相对应的形容词性物主代词应为their。‎ ‎55．A.with B．to　C．from D．by 答案　B 解析　the soundtrack to the film“电影的配乐”，符合句意。‎ ‎56．A.little by little B．day by day　C．hit after hit D．all in all 答案　C 解析　根据下文“won dozens of awards”可知，她们录制了一首接一首的风行一时的歌曲，所以hit after hit “一首又一省的风行一时的(歌曲等)”符合题意。‎ ‎57．A.career B．care　C．concern D．pioneer 答案　A 解析　根据上文可知，碧昂丝在2000年表演独唱，她的事业继续腾飞。career “职业；生涯”符合句意。‎ ‎58．A.Painter B．Artist　C．Director D．Athlete 答案　B 解析　根据上文提到碧昂丝是个著名的歌星，所以她赢得了全英音乐国际女声独唱艺术家奖。artist“艺术家”符合句意。‎ ‎59．A.science B．painting　C．music D．poetry 答案　C 解析　文中多次出现与音乐(music)相关的词汇。‎ ‎60．A.speeds B．styles　C．ways D．directions 答案　D 解析　根据下文可知，碧昂丝成为第一个《体育画报》的歌手模特，同时在许多电影中扮演角色，所以她尝试不同的工作。direction “方向”符合句意。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎(2018•湖南张家界三模)‎ With seasonal temperatures breaking records almost every year，tree species 61 (expect) to adapt to the changes by slowly shifting their population centers northward.But 62 recent survey shows the trend toward westward movement is even 63 (strong) than expected—in some cases，species have shifted their ranges to west by as much as 73 percent.‎ The survey shows that roughly threequarters of the 86 tree species 64 (survey) have shifted their population centers westward 65 1980.‎ Obviously，trees aren’t uprooting 66 (them) and moving elsewhere.The survey provides insight into general population trends as young trees continue to take root in westward land，while some of the older 67 (plant) of the species in the eastern areas are slowly dying out.In this way，the center of a species range can gradually shift over time.‎ Though scientists aren’t sure 68 is causing this change，the publishers of the study think that it’s connected to rainfall.Rainfall totals across the United States have changed， 69 (cause) areas such as the Southeast to experience significantly less rain annually，while the Great Plains is getting far more than its historical average.For this reason，most trees are moving toward the 70 (increasing) watery plains.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了由于季节性气温的变化，树种也在向北、向西转移来适应这些变化。尽管科学家们不确定是什么导致了这一变化，但已出版的研究认为这与降雨有关。‎ ‎61．答案　are expected 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。通读全文可知，整篇文章用了一般现在时，tree species为复数名词，且其与expect之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎62．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。由句中的shows可知，主语为单数，又是泛指故填a。‎ ‎63．答案　stronger 解析　考查形容词的比较级。由语境可知，本空是作系动词is 的表语。根据than可知，要用比较级，故本空要填形容词的比较级stronger。‎ ‎64．答案　surveyed 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句中的tree species是被调查，所以要用过去分词 surveyed作后置定语。‎ ‎65．答案　since 解析　考查介词。本句中用了现在完成时，又由句意可知此处应用since(自从)＋过去的时间状语，句子用现在完成时。故填since。‎ ‎66．答案　themselves 解析　考查代词。句意为：树木本身不会把它们自己拔出来移动到别的地方。由句意知此处填themselves。‎ ‎67．答案　plants 解析　考查名词复数。句意为：……而东部地区的一些古老植物物种正在慢慢灭绝。根据some of the older...可知此处应该是植物的复数plants。故填plants。‎ ‎68．答案　what 解析　考查名词性从句。分析句子可知，本句中sure后面的从句中缺少主语。故用 what。‎ ‎69．答案　causing 解析　考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果。故填causing。‎ ‎70．答案　increasingly ‎ 解析　考查副词。修饰形容词watery用副词。‎ 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(2018•豫南九校期末)‎ Dear Dad and Mum，‎ ‎ I have been very happy in the school.I work hardly in the school every day.After class，I play with my classmates.I spend a lot time doing my homework.After lunch，I play the pingpong with my friends.Then，I spend some time read my English ‎ note.At six o’clock，I have my evening class.After which，I had some spare time.At eight o’clock，I go to bed.This is a day in the school.Mum，you always tell us “Happiness is important of our life.” so I want to be happy every day.If you are not happy，calling me please.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案 Dear Dad and Mum，‎ I have been very happy in the school.I work hardlyhard in the school every day.After class，I play with my classmates.I spend a lot ∧of time doing my homework.After lunch，I play the pingpong with my friends.Then，I spend some time readreading my English notenotes.At six o’clock，I have my evening class.After whichthat，I hadhave some spare time.At eight o’clock，I go to bed.This is a day in the school.Mum，you always tell usme “Happiness is important ofin/for our life.” So I want to be happy every day.If you are not happy，callingcall me please.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎ 假定你是新华中学高二(2)班的班长李华，你们班的外教John不久前返回了美国，请你代表你们班给他写一封英文邮件。邮件的内容包括：1.询问他的近况；2.回顾在外教课上的收获；3.表达对他的感谢和祝福。‎ 注意：‎ ‎ 1．词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear John，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ 参考范文 ‎ Dear John，‎ How have you been? You must be enjoying your life back at home.All of my classmates miss you very much and will never forget the days we spent together.‎ In the last term，we all benefited a lot from your lessons.With your help，our oral English improved so greatly that we became more confident to express ourselves.Besides，it was your teaching methods to memorize English words that made a big difference in our English study.Also，we learned so much about Western culture and tradition，which enlarged our knowledge.‎ So I would like to thank you for teaching us English so well on behalf of my class.We sincerely hope you will live and work happily.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua