【英语】2018届二轮复习冠词典题讲与练学案（7页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习冠词典题讲与练学案（7页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 冠词典题讲与练 一冠词真题再练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。‎ ‎1. (2015卷II·62) The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _____ most modern architects and engineers.‎ ‎2. (2014卷I·63) Now, years later, this river is one of _____ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. ‎ ‎3. (2014样卷·8) Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn’t me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of _____ fridge?‎ ‎1.由其后面的“most modern”可知，这里是最高级，其前面通常用the。 2.在形容词最高级(most outstanding)前，一般要用the。 3.指说话人和听话人心目中都知道的“那个”冰箱，故填the。 ‎ 思路点拨 ‎ 当纯空格在没有限定词的名词前，特别是单数可数名词前，通常是填冠词，根据语境及定冠词与不定冠词的基本用法选用恰当的冠词。(注：限定词主要是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，以及some, any, another等不定代词)。此外，这种情况下，也有可能要求考生填some, any, other, another等不定代词。‎ ‎1. Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned ____ farm which looked almost abandoned.‎ ‎2. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _____ top floor. ‎ ‎3. In the beginning, there was only _____very small amount of unfairness in the world…‎ ‎4. Mary will never forget the first time she saw him… He walked in … For some reason he sat beside Mary. … But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______ last row.‎ ‎5. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ____ amazing conversation.‎ ‎6. A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _____ water was sweet.‎ ‎7. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ______ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet. ‎ ‎8. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ___ small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.‎ ‎9. So bright was _____ moon that the flowers were bright as by day. ‎ ‎10. Argentina is _____ second biggest nation in Latin America.‎ ‎11. As we all know, it’s one of _____ nicest parks in the country. ‎ ‎12. This is ______ third time that I’ve read the book.‎ ‎13. _____ Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.‎ ‎14. Alexander Graham Bell invented ____ telephone in 1876. ‎ ‎15. Alice likes playing _____ violin while Henry is interested in listening to music.‎ ‎16. Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by _____ hour.‎ ‎17. The higher we go above the earth, _____ rarer the air is. ‎ ‎18. I’m sure that zero-emission vehicles may take _____ place of today’s cars in the near future.‎ ‎19. It’s no trouble at all; on _____ contrary, it will be a great pleasure to help you.‎ ‎20. She planned to go to France to study French, but that is out of ____ question now.‎ ‎21. When I was walking down the street _____ other day, I happened to find a small wallet lying there.‎ ‎22. All my life I have tried to be ____ honest man.‎ ‎23. The mobile phone is becoming ___ useful tool for us to communicate with others.‎ ‎24. The ticket agent asked me whether I wanted ____ one-way or round-trip ticket.‎ ‎25. As the old saying goes, “Rome was not built in ____ day.”‎ ‎26. Every morning he walks in the open air for ____ hour.‎ ‎27. The apartment rents at ＄2000 ___ month.‎ ‎28. ____ triangle has three sides.‎ ‎29. I bought these books at ___ discount and had two hundred dollars saved.‎ ‎30. I had to go without breakfast this morning as I was in ____ hurry.‎ ‎31. Every summer ____ great many students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure.‎ ‎32. As ____ result of her mother’s teaching, she never wasted any food.‎ ‎33. One day, Tom decided to play ___ trick on some people in his town.‎ ‎34. The Internet is playing ____ more and more important part in our daily life. ‎ ‎35. A little knowledge can make ____ difference at a time of life or death. ‎ ‎36. Wealth is important, but as ____ matter of fact, I think, it is health that counts.‎ ‎37. He has gone through many ____ severe test during his lifetime.‎ ‎38. I don’t drink wine as _____ rule, but I don’t mind a glass once in a while.‎ ‎39. All of ____ sudden we heard a loud explosion that shook the building.‎ ‎40. The sun rises in ____ east and sets in the west.‎ ‎41.They both are trying their best to realize _______same dream―entering the key university.‎ ‎42.Reciting more texts is ___useful way to broaden your vocabulary.‎ ‎【答案见末页】‎ 定冠词的主要用法 ‎1.表示特指，相当于this，these，that，those ‎2.谈话双方都知道的人或事 ‎3.序数词或最高级前: the first time第一次 ‎4.世界上独一无二的事物名词前:the earth地球 ‎5.西洋乐器名称前：play the piano弹钢琴但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。play erhu 6.由普通名词构成的专有名词前：the West Lake西湖 ‎7.用于姓氏复数名词前：the Smiths史密斯夫妇 ‎8.表示“几十年代”：in the thirties在30年代 ‎9.用于某些形容词前表示一类人：the rich富人 ‎10.在“打、抓、拍”的部位名词前：hit him in the face ‎11.用于度量单位前：He is paid by the hour (按小时). ‎ ‎12.用于某些固定词组或短语中：by the way 不定冠词的主要用法 ‎1.表示泛指的“一个/本/支/座/……”‎ ‎2.表示“任一”：A desk has four legs.桌子有四条腿。‎ ‎3.表示数量“一”：He has been here for a year. ‎ ‎4. 表示“每一”： twice a week一周两次 ‎5. 表示“又/再一”：He’ll have to do it a second time.‎ ‎6. 表示“同一”：Tom and Kate are of an age. ‎ ‎7. 表示“某一”“有一”： a Mr. Brown 有一位叫布朗的先生 ‎8. 用于动作名词前：have a wash洗一洗 ‎9. 使抽象名词具体化：a success一位成功的人 ‎10. 表示“一杯”(tea, coffee前)：a coffee一杯咖啡 ‎11. 在most前表示“非常”：a most interesting film ‎12. 用于某些固定词组或短语中：as a result结果in a moment立刻,马上 once upon a time从前in a word一句话,总而言之 once in a while偶尔地have a good time过得很愉快 have a word with与……说句话have/take a look (at)看一看 have/take a rest休息一下take an active part in积极参加 (比较:take part in参加,不能说take a part in)do sb.a favour帮某人的忙 put an end to结束at a mouthful一大口地 all of a sudden突然地 零冠词用法 ①　表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前，不用冠词。 　　Now people are living a happy life. Trees are planted everywhere. ②　不含普通名词的专有名词，表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前，不用冠词。 　　We are studying English. He is leaving for America this year. It is pleasant to walk in soft snow. Love is always stronger than hatred. ‎ ‎③　名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰，不用冠词。 　　I like this picture better. Is that your book? Take their chairs away! I do not have any money on me. As time went on, Einstein’s theory proved to be correct. ④　季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。 　　She likes spring while I like summer. We have no classes on Saturday. The Long March started in October 1934. ⑤　表示只有一人担任的职务、头衔的名词前，不用冠词。 　　We have elected him our monitor. ⑥　三餐饭的名词前，一般不用冠词。 ‎ ‎　　When do you have lunch? After supper we usually take a walk. ⑦　节假日等名词前，不用冠词。 　　Children all wear their best clothes on National Day. People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day. 注意：在eve后有of短语则要加定冠词： on the eve of National Day on the eve of New Year’s Day ⑧　球类和棋类运动的名词前，不用冠词。 　　play basketball play chess ⑨　作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级前，不用冠词。 　　Your help was most timely. This method is most effective. 　　注意：如果有比较范围，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词： 　　Of all methods, this is the most effective. ⑩　在某些固定词组里，名词前不用冠词。 　　on foot　by train/ boat / plane…　in fact　as a matter of fact in class　in church　in danger　in hospital　in town in bed　at home　at school　at daybreak　at sunrise at dusk　at sunset　at night　at noon　go to school go to class　go to bed　from morning till night　from victory to victory from door to door V 注意事项 ①　当man作人类讲时，用零冠词。 Man will conquer nature.　 ②　某些抽象名词具体化时是可数名词，其前可加a。surprise, fire, joy, 　　He is a success as a teacher. Long Jing is a famous tea in China. ③　a用于姓氏前表示某个只知道名字而不不熟悉的人。 　　A Mr Liu is waiting to see you outside. ④　在某些句型中可加a It is a pity that you have missed the chance. It is a shame / a pleasure / a honour for sb. to do sth. ⑤　word 作消息讲时，用零冠词。 Word came that he would go abroad.‎ 答案及解析：‎ 1. a，指拥有“一个”农场 2. 特指“在顶楼” (on the top floor)。‎ 3. 因a small amount of (很少量的)是固定词组，故填a。另外，a large amount of意为“大量的”，其后通常都是接不可数名词。‎ 1. the, 特指最后的那一排，用定冠词。‎ 2. 因为have a conversation 相当于have a talk，是固定短语，意为“谈话”。amazing以元音音素开头，故其前用an。‎ 3. 特指前面提到的clear water，相当于“这”种清泉, 故填The。‎ 4. 句中experience意为“经历”，是可数名词;由冒号之后的内容可知，一年的这个时候去购物并不是一次愉快的经历，表示“一次”用不定冠词，故填a。‎ 5. 指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的“一个小镇”去修, 表示“一个”用不定冠词，small以辅音音素开头，故填a。‎ 6. 因moon是世界上独一无二的事物，其前用the。‎ 7. 在表示顺序的序数词前，要用the。‎ 8. 最高级前要用the。‎ ‎12.序数词前用定冠词the。‎ ‎13.由普通名词构成的专有名词前一般要加the。又如：the Children’s Palace(少年宫)。14.表示整个类属，要用定冠词the。又如，The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.老虎面临绝种的危险。‎ ‎15.表示演奏西洋乐器, 乐器名称前习惯上用the。‎ ‎16.在计量单位名词前用the，表示“按……付/租/卖”，这里是“按小时付款”。 ‎ ‎17.表示“越……就越……”用the+比较级…the+比较级。 ‎ ‎18.因take the place of (代替)是固定词组。‎ ‎19.因on the contrary (恰恰相反，与此相反)是固定词组。‎ ‎20.因out of the question(不可能的)是固定词组。比较：out of question (毫无疑问，没问题)。记忆方法：没有the就没有问题。‎ ‎21.因the other day (不久前的某一天)是固定词组。‎ ‎22.泛指“一个”诚实的人，用不定冠词；又因honest以元音音素开头，故填an。‎ ‎23.因tool是单数可数名词，故前面应填冠词，表示“一种”有用的工具，填不定冠词；又因useful虽以元音字母开头，但其读音却以辅音音素开头，故填a。‎ ‎24.因ticket是可数名词单数，表示“一张”单程票或往返票，前面应填不定冠词；又因one虽以元音字母o开头，但其读音却以辅音音素开头，故填a。‎ ‎25.表示数量“一”，用不定冠词。‎ ‎26.表示数量“一”，用不定冠词；又因hour以元音音素开头，故填an。‎ ‎27. 表示“每一”用不定冠词。‎ ‎28. 表示“任一”要用不定冠词，故填a。‎ ‎29. 因为at a discount (打折扣), at a discount of… (按……的折扣)是固定短语。‎ ‎30. 因in a hurry (匆忙；急于)是固定短语。‎ ‎31.因a great many(许多)是固定词组。‎ ‎32.因as a result of (由于…的结果)是固定词组。‎ ‎33.因play a trick on (戏弄)是固定词组。‎ ‎34.因play a part in (在……中起作用/扮演一个角色)是固定词组。‎ ‎35.因make a difference (有影响；起重要作用)是固定词组。‎ ‎36.因as a matter of fact(=in fact, 事实上)是固定词组。‎ ‎37.因test (考验)是可数名词单数，应填冠词；其中“many a +单数可数名词”是习语，意为“许多”。‎ ‎38.因as a rule (=usually, 通常)是固定短语。另外，once in a while (偶尔)也是含不定冠词的固定短语，须牢记。‎ ‎39.因all of a sudden (=suddenly，突然)是固定词组。‎ ‎40.表示方位的名词前用the，包括on the left /right(在左边/右边)。‎ ‎41.the42.a