2021届广东省广州市高三10月阶段训练英语试题（教师版含解析）

2021届广东省广州市高三10月阶段训练英语试题（教师版含解析）

广州市 2021 届高三年级阶段训练 英语 本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在 答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内 的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。 写在本试卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A BookWorm Cultural Homestay Program STAY IN THE ASIAN COUNTRY OF YOUR CHOICE FOR 3 MONTHS Our program gives you the chance to improve your Asian language skills (or start learning a new language) as well as discovering more about the country you are visiting. You will live with a local family specially chosen for you based on your shared interests. In return for teaching the family’s children English for around 2 hours each day, you will be given the chance to experience the local language and culture. You will also receive 400 dollars pocket money each month, as well as free plane tickets to and from the country you visit. ABOUT THE PROGRAM TO TAKE PART YOU MUST: Have a current passport Be a senior middle school or university student Be between 16 and 25 years old Have excellent English language skills Be open to other cultures Be interested in Asian culture BOOKWORM WILL GIVE YOU: Free return ticket to the country you choose Local language lessons (6 hours per week) Your own private bedroom with free Internet Pocket money ($400 a month) A local phone card Airport pickup, welcome dinner and 3-day city tour For a full list of participating countries and details about how to apply please visit our website at: www.bookwormasia.org 1. Why would a homestay family probably want to take part in this program? A. They are eager to share their interests. B. They are paid to do so by the company. C. They wish to travel to other countries later. D. They want their own children to learn English. 2. Who CANNOT take part in the program as a homestay visitor? A. Someone who already speaks an Asian language. B. A student that has taken part in the program before. C. A 24-year-old middle school English teacher from Britain. D. A student born in a non-English language speaking country. 3. What will each homestay visitor receive for free as part of the program? A. A mobile phone. B. A return airplane ticket. C. Three restaurant meals a day. D. Citywide bus and train travel. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一项活动，可以在所选择的亚洲国家生活三个月。并从价格、及各种注意事 项等方面介绍了这项活动的具体信息。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一部分中“In return for teaching the family’s children English for around 2 hours each day, you will be given the chance to experience the local language and culture.”作为每天为家人的孩子提供 2 个小时 左右的英语教学的回报，你将有机会体验当地的语言和文化。可知寄宿家庭可能想参加这个计划的原因是 他们希望自己的孩子学习英语。故选 D 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Be a senior middle school or university student”是高中或大学生。可知 C 项“A 24-year-old middle school English teacher from Britain.”一位来自英国的 24 岁中学英语老师不符合条件。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Free return ticket to the country you choose”免费回程机票到你选择的国家。可 知作为计划的一部分，每位寄宿家庭访客均可免费获得回程机票。故选 B 项。 【点睛】 B Most kids can walk into a library or bookstore and find hundreds of books to read. But it’s not that simple for kids who are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and other braille (盲文) transcribers take the printed words of a book and change them into a code of raised dots. Blind people can read these dots with their fingers. To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point. When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily. She took a class and practised hard for about six months before she passed the final exam: she had to convert 35 pages of a book into braille. Today, Lee works for a publisher. One of her jobs is to change children’s books into braille. To do this, Lee first types the story into a computer and then uses a computer program to translate it into the braille code. Next, she looks over the translation several times to make sure it’s mistake-free. After that, a copy of the braille story is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a proofreader work together to find and correct any mistakes. When a book is ready, many copies of it are printed. Afterwards, some are sold through websites and others are sent to libraries. Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break. Several of Jenny Lee’s co-workers, who are blind, use guide dogs. When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. To her, playing with dogs “is always a pick-me-up in the middle of the day”. “I love this mission,” Lee says. “Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.” 4. How does the writer explain what braille feels like? A. By explaining what braille words look like. B. By describing how blind people read books. C. By asking readers to experience it themselves. D. By giving examples of different braille words. 5. What was Lee’s first reaction to braille? A. She was excited to get a new skill. B. She was amazed at the clever idea. C. She realized she could teach it herself. D. She believed it would be difficult to learn. 6. What does the underlined word “pick-me-up” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. A discussion to release work stress. B. Something to improve one’s appetite. C. Something to help restore one’s spirit. D. A free ride accompanied with a guide dog. 7. What does Lee think of her job? A. Profitable and hopeful. B. Tiring but meaningful. C. Relaxing and helpful. D. Boring but challenging. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Jenny Lee 和其他盲文转录员成功使用电脑程序将故事文字转换为盲文的经历。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.”要了解盲文的感觉，请拿一支圆 珠笔并用力压在一张纸上。现在，将纸张翻转过来，然后触摸笔尖产生的凸起点。可知作者通过让读者亲 身感受的方式解释盲文是什么。故选 C 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily.”当 Lee 第一次看到盲文字母的点时，她想知道自己是否能够轻松阅读和书 写它们。可知意在表明 Lee 对盲文的第一反应是觉得很难学会。故选 D 项。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break.”有时，一次又一次地重复一个故事会很累。 Lee 会休息一下。以及“When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them.”当动物不工作时，Lee 喜欢和他们玩几分钟。可推知，对她来说， 和狗一起玩一直是中午时段能令人放松的时刻。C 项“Something to help restore one’s spirit.”意为 可以帮助恢复精力的东西。切合语境。故选 C 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. ”有时，一次又一次 地重复一个故事会很累。 以及最后一段中“Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.”通过我的脑力和手指，我将盲文的圆点送到了一些孩子的手中。意在表明作者认为她的工 作是累人但有意义的。故选 B 项。 【点睛】 C Transportation shapes the world: along with communications, it forms a global net that connects person to person, city to city, and country to country. Transportation routes as well as vehicles are vital to the functioning and spread of every civilization. A country’s economy depends on reliable transportation. Cities spread out along roads, rivers, and rails, so does information. Until the 20th century, these routes were confined to land or water. With the invention of powered flight, the air became an open road as well. The earliest way of traveling was undoubtedly by foot, and humans’ earliest means of transporting goods was carrying loads on their back or head. By 4000 B.C., people were using domesticated animals for transport, a method greatly improved in some parts of the world by the invention of the wheel, probably first developed around 3500 B.C.. Until the 19th century, animals were the engines of land transportation. But with the invention of the steam engine and the internal combustion engine, railroads and automobiles revolutionized travel and trade. More than 600 million cars and trucks travel the world today. Water has always been a fast and efficient mode of travel, and even today it remains a primary mover of heavy goods. The importance of waterways to human civilization can be seen on any map: almost all of the world’s major cities are located on coastlines or rivers. As early as 7000 B.C., people were building canoes; long-distance ships were common by 3000 B.C. Until the 1950s, ships were the chief means of overseas passenger travel. Although the Montgolfier brothers took flight in balloons in the 18th century, air travel was not practical until the invention of powered flight by the Wright brothers in 1903. Within ten years, the commercial air transportation business had begun. Since the 20th century, high-speed rail has become another convenient way of travel. Today, two-thirds of the world’s high-speed rail track is in China, which measures nearly 30,000 kms, and this is expected to reach 38,000 kms by 2025. 8. What is the passage mainly about? A. Technological advancements in transport over time. B. The influence of economic activities on transportation. C. The relationship between transportation and information flows. D. Reasons why land and sea transportation routes were important. 9. Why does the writer mention the location of the world’s major cities? A. To encourage more people to move to big cities. B. To explain why boats and ships continue to be irreplaceable. C. To recommend water as a convenient and cheap form of transportation. D. To emphasize the contribution of water transport to human development. 10. What can we learn about air travel? A. Balloons used to be one popular way of air travel. B. The Montgolfier brothers invented powered flight. C. The invention of airplanes helped popularize air travel. D. Air travel became widespread soon after the balloon was invented. 11. What is the total length of high-speed rail track in the world today? A. About 57,000 kms. B. About 45,000 kms. C. About 38,000 kms. D. About 30,000 kms. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了交通随着技术的发展而进步，且列举了水路、火车、航空以及高铁这几 种交通方式随着时间推移而进步。 【8 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Transportation shapes the world: along with communications, it forms a global net that connects person to person, city to city, and country to country. Transportation routes as well as vehicles are vital to the functioning and spread of every civilization.”可知交通塑造了世界:与通讯一起，它形成了一个连接人与 人、城市与城市、国家与国家的全球网络。交通路线和交通工具对每一种文明的运作和传播都至关重要。 结合文章主要说明了交通随着技术的发展而进步，列举了水路、火车、航空以及高铁这几种交通方式随着 时间推移而进步。由此可知，这篇文章的主要内容是随着时间的推移，交通技术的进步。故选 A。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Water has always been a fast and efficient mode of travel, and even today it remains a primary mover of heavy goods. The importance of waterways to human civilization can be seen on any map: almost all of the world’s major cities are located on coastlines or rivers.”可知水一直是一种快捷高效的运输方 式，即使在今天，它仍然是重型货物的主要运输方式。水路对人类文明的重要性可以在任何地图上看到： 几乎所有的世界主要城市都位于海岸线或河流上。由此可推知，作者提到世界主要城市的位置，是为了强 调水运对人类发展的贡献。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Although the Montgolfier brothers took flight in balloons in the 18th century, air travel was not practical until the invention of powered flight by the Wright brothers in 1903. Within ten years, the commercial air transportation business had begun.”可知尽管 18 世纪的时候，蒙哥菲耶兄弟就用气球飞行了， 但是直到 1903 年莱特兄弟发明了动力飞机，航空旅行才变得实用起来。不到十年，商业航空运输业务开始 了。由此可知，飞机的发明促进了航空旅行的普及。故选 C。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Today, two-thirds of the world’s high-speed rail track is in China, which measures nearly 30,000 kms, and this is expected to reach 38,000 kms by 2025.”可知如今，世界上三分之二的高速铁路在 中国，总长近 3 万公里，预计到 2025 年，这一数字将达到 3.8 万公里。由此可知，当今世界高速铁路的总 长度约(3 除以 2/3)4.5 万公里。故选 B。 D It’s late in the evening, time to close the book and turn off the computer. You’re done for the day. What you may not realize, however, is that the learning process actually continues in your dreams. It might sound like science fiction, but researchers are increasingly focusing on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the often strange imaginings they generate at night. Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned improves performance in that activity (suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular idea that we’re “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it). What’s more, dreaming may be an essential part of understanding, organizing and retaining what we learn. While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural (神经的) virtual reality. A vivid example of such replay can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders. They taught a series of dance moves to patients suffering from sleepwalking and related conditions. They then videotaped the subjects as they slept. Lying in bed, eyes closed, one female patient on the tape performs the dance moves she learned earlier. This shows that while our bodies are at rest, our brains are drawing what’s important from the information and events we’ve recently encountered, then integrating that material into the vast store of what we already know. In a 2010 study, researchers reported that college students who dreamed about a computer maze (迷宫) task they had learned showed a 10-fold improvement in their ability to find their way through the maze compared with participants who did not dream about the task. That study’s chief researcher Herbert Smith suggested that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the probability of dreaming about the material. Think about that as you go to sleep tonight. 12. What happens when one enters a dream state? A. The body continues to act as if the sleeper were awake. B. The neural activity of the brain will become intensified. C. The brain once again experiences the learning activities of the day. D. The brain behaves as if it were playing a virtual reality video game. 13. What does the brain do while we are sleeping? A. It replaces old information with new material. B. It processes and absorbs newly acquired information. C. It regroups information and places it in different files. D. It systematizes all the information collected during the day. 14. How can learning be enhanced according to Herbert Smith? A. Staying up late before finally going to bed. B. Having a period of sleep right after studying. C. Having a dream about anything you are interested in. D. Thinking about the chances of dreaming about the material. 15. What is the research discussed in the passage mainly about? A. How study affects people’s dreams. B. Why people learn more after sleeping. C. What time students should study and sleep. D. How dreaming may lead to improved learning outcomes. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。“日有所思，夜有所梦”能让你学习更好。本文通过讲述一项研究阐述了做梦如何让 你的学习效果得到提高。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural ( 神 经 的 ) virtual reality.(研究表明，当我们睡觉的时候，大脑会回放它在清醒时间所经历的活动模式，让我们进入一位心理 学家所说的神经虚拟现实)”，句子中的“the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours(大脑会重复它在清醒时所经历的活动模式)”，与 D 选项“大脑再次经历白天的学习活动”为这句话 的同义转述，因此可知，当一个人进入梦境状态时，大脑再次经历白天的学习活动。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“This shows that while our bodies are at rest, our brains are drawing what’s important from the information and events we’ve recently encountered, then integrating that material into the vast store of what we already know.(这表明，当我们的身体处于静止状态时，我们的大脑正在从我们最近遇到的信 息和事件中提取重要的东西，并且把这些信息存入我们已有的记忆库中)”，B 选项中的 process 是 extract 的同义替换，absorb 是 integrate 的同义替换。因此当我们在睡觉时，大脑在处理并吸收新习得的数据信息。 故选 B。 【14 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 的 “Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned improves performance in that activity (suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular idea that we’re “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it). (科学家发现，如果梦到所学习的任务，那么在任务活动中的表现会更 好。表明这种流行的观点有一些道理，即一旦我们开始做梦梦到英语，我们就会学会一门外语)”以及最后 一段的“That study’s chief researcher Herbert Smith suggested that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the probability of dreaming about the material.(这项研究 的首席研究员赫伯特·史密斯建议，在睡觉前学习或在下午的研究会议后打个盹可能会增加梦到这种材料的 可能性)”可推断，Herbert Smiths 建议在学习之后有一段时间的睡眠，有助于加强学习效果。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 主 旨 大 意 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 的 “Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned improves performance in that activity (suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular idea that we’re “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it). What’s more, dreaming may be an essential part of understanding, organizing and retaining what we learn.(科学家发现，如果梦到所学习的任务，那么在任务活动中的表现会更 好。暗示着这种流行的观点有一些道理，即一旦我们开始做梦梦到英语，我们就会学会一门外语。更重要 的是，梦想可能是理解、组织和保留我们所学到的东西的重要组成部分)”以及下文对这个观点的解释说明 可推断，文章主要介绍了做梦如何导致学习结果的提高。故选 D。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Endangered species An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct. ______16______ Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don’t do anything to save them. There are many reasons why species become endangered. Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways. When humans move into a new area, the animals’ habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms. ______17______ Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals’ homes and food supplies. _________18_________ Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly-valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport. Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species. ________19________ We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties. The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals’ body parts. Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species. They can also provide funding for animal sanctuaries, to protect animals from extinction by breeding more endangered animals, which they later release into the wild. ______20______ A. Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B. Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C. Eventually, all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D. Recent changes, however, have helped to improve the situation. E. So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? F. Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G. If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. G 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了导致濒危物种的几点原因以及个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取哪 些措施。 【16 题详解】 分 析 第 一 段 内 容 ， 结 合 空 格 前 句 “An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct.(濒危物种是一种很快就会灭绝的动物)”可知，第一段主要讲述了到底什么是濒危物种。F 项 “Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more.”意为“当物种中的最 后一个消失了，再也没有这个物种了，灭绝就发生了。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了物种的灭绝是如何发 生的。故选 F 项。 【17 题详解】 根据段首句“Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways.”可知，本段主要介绍的是动物栖息地被破坏的两种原因。空格后句“Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals’ homes and food supplies.”意为“河流中的化学物质和农场中的毒物会 破坏动物的家园和食物供应”。A 项“Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution.”意为“动物栖 息地也因污染而遭到破坏。”能够引起下文，讲的是污染对动物栖息地的破坏。故选 A 项。 【18 题详解】 空格句为本段主旨句。分析段落内容可知，本段主要讲的是人类的过度捕杀是造成濒危物种的原因之一。B 项“Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing.”意为“濒危物种也是狩猎和捕鱼的结果。” 能够概括段落主旨。故选 B 项。 【19 题详解】 空格句为本段主旨句。空格后句子“We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties.”意为“我们应该注意不要污染自然区域，破 坏动物栖息地的农民或公司因该面临严厉的经济处罚。”这里介绍的是个人可以为保护濒危物种做的事情。 再根据本段关键句“Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species.”可知，政府也可以通过制定法律规定捕猎、捕鱼或交易濒危动物是违法行为来保护濒危物种。由 此可知，本段主要讲的是，作为个人和政府，我们可以做些什么来保护濒危物种。E 项“So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species?”意为“个人和和政府能做些什么来保护濒危物种呢？” 能够概括段落主旨。故选 E 项。 【20 题详解】 空格位于段落的最后一句，本段讲述的是个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取哪些措施。G 项“If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations.”意为“如果我们大家合作并 采取这些措施，我们将为后代保护这些动物。”选项内容符合段落主旨，表示如果我们采取这些措施，会 带来什么样的成果。故选 G 项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Diego is in front of a group of people. He’s blindfolded, but he can still show these people something___21___, which he calls “the art of___22___”. First, the audience randomly___23___ sixty numbers. After that, a helper reads the___24___ to Diego. Then, after hearing them just a single time, Diego___25___ the numbers in the correct order from memory. He does this first in the order he hears them, then again — backwards! The audience then cheer in disbelief. Diego has a very special kind of memory. He _____26_____, “It’s a kind of memory that is ____27____ to what I experience. It means that every idea I learn, everything I read, becomes a part of me. Normally, a person who doesn’t have this special ability and hasn’t trained their memory ____28____ to just forget things. Not me.” Diego says that with his special___29___, he can remember every ____30____ of every day of his life since he was less than one year old! If there is a memory gene (基因) Diego probably has it, but his genes are only part of the____31____. Since the age of 11, he’s been training his brain to remember more and more. He practices _____32_____, thinking about memory and working on it all the time. He has even ____33____ a whole series of 250 historical books! Diego’s practice and____34____ work shows that a great memory can be made, and not just____35____! 21. A. funny B. creative C. amazing D. reasonable 22. A. life B. memory C. magic D. language 23. A. choose B. say C. hide D. record 24. A. rules B. marks C. numbers D. names 25. A. recognizes B. calculates C. collects D. repeats 26. A. adds B. explains C. inquires D. announces 27. A. connected B. introduced C. familiar D. opposite 28. A. happens B. attempts C. tends D. hates 29. A. dream B. gift C. chance D. plan 30. A. word B. feature C. principle D. detail 31. A. story B. game C. idea D. plot 32. A. cooperatively B. mechanically C. occasionally D. continuously 33. A. written B. memorized C. copied D. translated 34. A. hard B. ordinary C. academic D. original 35. A. imagined B. discovered C. born D. trained 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位在记忆方面天赋异禀的人 Diego，他拥有超常的记忆能力。但他的记忆力除 了有一部分是天赋，更重要的是他的刻苦训练。通过这个故事，作者告诉我们好的记忆是通过训练的来的， 而不是天生的。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他被蒙住了眼睛，但他仍然能够向这些人展示一些令人震惊的东西，他称之 为“记忆的艺术”。A. funny 滑稽的；B. creative 有创造性的；C. amazing 令人震惊的；D. reasonable 合理 的。根据下文的“First, the audience randomly___3___ sixty numbers”和“Then, after hearing them just a single time, Diego___5___ the numbers in the correct order from memory.”可知，Diego 能在短时间内记住随机的 60 个数字，这是令人震惊的事情，故选 C。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被蒙住了眼睛，但他仍然能够向这些人展示一些令人震惊的东西，他称之为 “记忆的艺术”。A. life 生活；B. memory 记忆；C. magic 魔法；D. language 语言。根据下文的“Diego___5___ the numbers in the correct order from memory.”可知，Diego 展示给人们看的是与记忆力有关的东西，memory 是原词复现，故选 B。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，观众们随机选择 60 个数字。A. choose 选择；B. say 说；C. hide 隐藏；D. record 记录。结合常识和本句中的“randomly”可知，此处是指观众随机选择数字，故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，一个助手把这些数字读给 Diego 听。A. rules 规则；B. marks 分数；C. numbers 数字；D. names 名字。根据下文的“Diego___5___ the numbers in the correct order from memory.”可 知，助手给 Diego 读的是数字，number 是原词复现，故选 C。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只听了它们一次，Diego 就可以凭记忆用正确的顺序重复这些数字。A. recognizes 认出；B. calculates 计算；C. collects 收集；D. repeats 重复。根据上文的“a helper reads the___4___ to Diego” 可知，一个助手读了这些数字，现在 Diego 再读就是重复，故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说：“这是一种与我经历有关的记忆。” A. adds 增加，补充；B. explains 解释，说；C. inquires 询问；D. announces 宣布。根据“It’s a kind of memory that is 7 to what I experience”可知，Diego 在解释自己记忆力超强的原因，故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他解释说：“这是一种与我经历有关的记忆。” A. connected 有关联的；B. introduced 引进的；C. familiar 熟悉的；D. opposite 相反的。根据下文的“It means that every idea I learn, everything I read, becomes a part of me.”可知，Diego 的超强记忆力和他的日常生活有很大联系，故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般情况下，没有这种特殊能力以及没有训练过他们记忆力的人倾向于忘记东 西。A. happens(to)碰巧做某事；B. attempts(to)企图做某事；C. tends(to)倾向于做某事；D. hates(to)讨厌做 某事。结合常识可知，没有特殊记忆力和未经记忆力训练的人倾向于忘记事情，故选 C。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Diego 说因为这个特殊的天赋，自不到一岁起他就能够记住生活中每一天的细节。 A. dream 梦想；B. gift 天赋；C. chance 机会；D. plan 计划。根据上文的“Diego has a very special kind of memory.”可知，Diego 的记忆力超强，这是他的一个天赋，故选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Diego 说因为这个特殊的天赋，自不到一岁起他就能够记住生活中每一天的细节。 A. word 单词；B. feature 特点；C. principle 原则；D. detail 细节。根据上文的“It means that every idea I learn, everything I read, becomes a part of me.”可知，Diego 经历过的事情都变成了他的一部分，由此推知他能够记 住日常生活的细节，故选 D。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果真有一种 Diego 可能拥有的记忆基因，但这种基因只是故事的一部分。A. story 故事；B. game 游戏；C. idea 主意；D. plot 情节。结合上下文语境可知，此处用“故事”代指发生在 Diego 身上的神奇事情，故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不断地训练，思考记忆，并一直致力于记忆。A. cooperatively 合作地；B. mechanically 机械地；C. occasionally 偶尔；D. continuously 不断地。根据上文的“he’s been training his brain to remember more and more.”和下文的“working on it all the time”可推知，Diego 不断地在训练自己的记忆 能力，故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至记住了整整 250 本历史书。 A. written 写；B. memorized 记忆；C. copied 照抄；D. translated 翻译。本文主要讲述 Diego 记忆力超强的故事，故此处用“记住”符合语境，故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Diego 的训练和努力表明好的记忆是可以创造的，并不是天生就有的。A. hard 努力的；B. ordinary 普通的；C. academic 学术的；D. original 原始的。根据上文的“He practices ____12____, thinking about memory and working on it all the time.”可知，Diego 非常努力，故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Diego 的训练和努力表明好的记忆是可以创造的，并不是天生就有的。A. imagined 想象；B. discovered 发现；C. born 生(孩子)；D. trained 训练。根据上文的“If there is a memory gene (基 因) Diego probably has it, but his genes are only part of the___11___.”可知，作者想告诉我们好的记忆是通过 训练的来的，而不是天生的。故选 C。 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。 The Song Dynasty was an exciting period in Chinese history. At the height of___36___ (it) power, the country’s population doubled. A fast growing economy and strong support___37___ Chinese rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge. During this period, a huge number of technological innovations emerged. Many of them had significant practical___38___ (apply). One particular invention from this period made a mark on the world: moveable type (活字印刷术) — that is, individual blocks that could print a single letter and then ___39___(use) again. This technology finally ended up in Europe several centuries later. The Chinese language uses a huge number of characters,___40___ most European languages use individual letters that combine into words. Printing texts made up of individual letters___41___ (require) fewer blocks. This invention produced an enormous change in ____42____ (write) communication in Europe and made it easier for a___43___ (grow) number of people to learn to read. The Chinese were also the first to invent the compass,___44___ changed how sailors navigated the seas. Together with star charts — another Chinese invention — and maps, the compass made sea travel much____45____ (safe). 【答案】36. its 37. from 38. applications 39. be used 40. while/but 41. requires 42. written 43. growing 44. which 45. safer 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。介绍了宋朝的两项发明—— 活字印刷术和指南针。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在国力鼎盛时期，国家的人口增加了一倍。power 为名词，需用形容词性物 主代词 its 修饰。故填 its。 【37 题详解】 考查介词。句意：快速增长的经济和来自中国统治者的大力支持有助于技术的发展和知识的扩展。根据句 意可知，空处填介词 from，表示“来自”。故填 from。 【38 题详解】 考查名词。句意：其中许多具有重要的实际应用价值。had 后接名词作宾语, 表示具体的应用时，application 是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指。 故填 applications。 【39 题详解】 考查被动语态。and 并列连接 could print 和空处所填词，且主语 blocks 与谓语 use 为被动关系，且置于 could 之后，故填 be used。 【40 题详解】 考查连词。句意：汉语使用大量的字符，但/然而大多数欧洲语言使用单个字母组合成单词。分析句意可知， 前后句句意表示转折或者对比关系。故填 while/but。 【41 题详解】 考查主谓一致和时态。本句为一般现在时，在陈述事实。主语 Printing texts 与谓语 require 为主动关系，故 填 requires。 【42 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这项发明使欧洲的书面交流发生了巨大的变化，使越来越多的人更容易学会阅读。本 句为形容词修饰名词 communication ，written“书面的”。故填 written。 【43 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这项发明使欧洲的书面交流发生了巨大的变化，使越来越多的人更容易学会阅读。此 处用形容词修饰名词 number ，表示“增加的”。故填 growing。 【44 题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。本句为非限制性定语从句，关系代词代指前面整个主句内容，在从句中作主语， 所以用关系代词 which。故填 which。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：指南针使海上航行更加安全。根据句意以及 much 可知，空处填形容词比较级。 故填 safer。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是高三学生李华。你感到新作文题型——读后续写(extended writing)很具挑战性。请给外教 Mike 写一封信，咨询他的建议。 内容包括： 1. 写信原因； 2. 题型简介； 3. 你的困难。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 【答案】Dear Mike, I’d like your advice on my English study. Our new writing task, called “extended writing”, requires us to write a reasonable ending to an incomplete story we’re given. Obviously, this is a very open-ended task with multiple possibilities. While I enjoy the creativity of this task, I find it challenging to identify the plot points of interest and to give my version the best possible ending. I also have trouble expressing my ideas accurately due to my limited vocabulary. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇提纲类作文。要求考生用英语给外教写一封信，咨询他对于作文题型——读后续写的建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：提纲类作文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 要求：包含写信原因；题型简介；你的困难。 第二步:列提纲 (重点词组) advice；require；reasonable；incomplete；multiple；creativity；plot；accurately 第三步：连词成句 1. I’d like your advice on my English study. 2. Our new writing task, called “extended writing”, requires us to write a reasonable ending to an incomplete story we’re given. 3. Obviously, this is a very open-ended task with multiple possibilities. 4.While I enjoy the creativity of this task, I find it challenging to identify the plot points of interest and to give my version the best possible ending. 5. I also have trouble expressing my ideas accurately due to my limited vocabulary. 6. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. 7. Looking forward to your reply. 第四步：连句成篇 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：while, meanwhile, However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】文章结构合理，思路清晰，使用了恰当的连接词及词组使行文连贯，如“While，and”，也运用了一 些高级词汇和表达，如“advice；require；reasonable；incomplete；multiple；creativity；plot；accurately”以及 状语从句“While I enjoy the creativity of this task, I find it challenging to identify the plot points of interest and to give my version the best possible ending.”等，增加了文章的亮点，体现了学生较高的英语学科素养。 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Ada! Milk!” Mama called. Milk. It was Ada’s turn to get it. Ada sighed and shut her first-aid book. Her head hurt from reading in the dim morning light, but how else was she going to learn? Ada tied the cow close to a tree. Somewhere down the mountain, some volunteer doctors were teaching medical skills to village nurses. Ada heard Betty drive off hours ago. “She should have taken me with her. She thinks I’m too young, but she’s wrong. I am already 16!” Ada thought. Ada carried the milk back to Mama, then wandered up the road. Roy, a village boy, had gotten a donkey, and some kids had gathered around to see it. Roy was always doing something to get attention. Like now: he was trying to stand on the animal’s bare back. “No wonder they don’t trust kids with anything important”, Ada thought, sighing. She had just turned away when she heard a thud and a few screams. Roy lay on the ground nearby moaning in pain. The donkey stood several meters away. “Roy!” The kids nearby ran towards him. “Get Betty,” one said. Ada shook her head. “Betty’s gone to the city.” The other kids seemed frozen in place. Ada ran to where Roy was lying. She dropped to her knees on the dusty road. “Roy! Can you hear me?” Roy moaned in agony. Ada saw that one of his legs was crooked, bent a little sideways between the knee and the ankle. A broken leg! She remembered what the first-aid book had said about broken legs: if there is no ambulance, straighten the bone before moving the victim. There certainly wouldn’t be any ambulance here. Ada looked back up the road. The other kids were still standing there, watching. “Victor!” Ada called to one of the boys. “Go get Roy’s mama, and find someone with a truck.” She turned to the others. “Give me your shirts. We need something to tie his leg with.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ada then found a strong stick, which she would use to keep his leg straight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Betty came to Ada’s home. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Ada then found a strong stick, which she would use to keep his leg straight. She gently explained what she was going to do then carefully wrapped the shirts around Roy’s leg and the stick. Roy cried out in pain. “I know it hurts,” Ada said softly. “But this will hold it still until you get to the hospital.” When Ada was done, she looked up and saw Roy’s mama watching from a few meters away. Behind her was a neighbor in a pickup truck. When Ada stepped away, Roy’s mama ran over and held Roy’s face in her hands. “Thank you, Ada,” she said. Ada helped them lift Roy into the truck, then they drove down the hillside towards the hospital. The next day, Betty came to Ada’s home. “I heard what you did,” Betty said. “You kept your head in an emergency. That’s an important skill.” Ada’s face turned red. “I was afraid ...” Betty shook her head. “It’s OK for a nurse to be afraid, as long as she has a clear head. The volunteer doctors are coming tomorrow with vaccines. We need some more hands. Can you help?” “I’d love to.” Ada replied at once. “Come early, then. There is a lot to learn.” Ada smiled. “I’ll bring my first-aid book.” 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲述了 Amy 运用自己在急救书上学的知识 头脑冷静地救助了一个从马背上摔下来的小男孩的故事，从这个故事中“我们”可以学到：书本上的知识是可 以被运用到现实生活中去的。 【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：然后，Ada 找到了一根坚固的棍棒，她将用它来保持他的腿 伸直……，所以应该写 Ada 对 Roy 进行急救的过程，Roy 的妈妈对 Ada 表示感谢，最后上车前往医院等。 第二段开头是：第二天，Betty 来到 Ada 的家。本段应该写 Betty 对 Ada 的认可，在志愿者医生来注射疫苗 时希望得到 Ada 的帮助，Ada 答应提供帮助等。文章最后指出一个道理——书本上的知识可以被运用到现 实生活中。 【点睛】文章结构合理，思路清晰，使用了恰当的连接词及词组使行文连贯，如“which，until，when”，也 运用了一些高级词汇和表达，如“gently；towards；emergency；afraid；reply；step”以及状语从句“But this will hold it still until you get to the hospital.”“When Ada stepped away, Roy’s mama ran over and held Roy’s face in her hands.”等，增加了文章的亮点，体现了学生较高的英语学科素养。