2018届北师大版必修3一轮复习：Unit7Thesea单元学案（29页）

2018届北师大版必修3一轮复习：Unit7Thesea单元学案（29页）

Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用 ‎1.核心词汇 ‎①________ vt.禁止 ‎②________ vt.辨认出 ‎③________ vt.对付 ‎④________ vt.讲演；演示 ‎⑤________ vt.评估，评价 ‎⑥________ n.符号；手势 ‎⑦________ adv.更远，较远 ‎⑧________ n.折扣，减价 ‎⑨________ vi.&vt.(长度、数量)为；测量 ‎⑩________ vi.逃脱，逃跑 ‎⑪________ n.辩论，争论 ‎⑫participate vi.参加________ n.参加 ‎⑬persuade vt.说服，劝服________ n.说服 ‎⑭apology n.道歉________ vi.道歉 ‎⑮pollute vt.使污染________ n.污染 ‎⑯intelligent adj.有灵性的；聪明的________ n.智力，理解力 ‎⑰energy n.精力；活力________ adj.有活力的 ‎⑱discover vt.发现________ n.发现 ‎⑲arrange vt.安排，准备________ n.安排 ‎⑳frighten vt.(使)惊恐________ adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的________ adj.害怕的；受惊的 educate vt.教育________ n.教育工作者________ n.教育，培养 attract vt.吸引________ n.吸引人的地方________ adj.吸引人的 terror n.恐怖，恐惧________ vt.令人感到恐惧________ adj.使人感到恐惧的________ adj.感到恐怖的 survive vi.幸存，生存下来________ n.幸存，生存________ n.幸存者，生还者 答案　①ban　②recognise　③handle　④present　⑤evaluate　⑥sign ‎⑦further　⑧discount　⑨measure ⑩escape　⑪debate　⑫participation　⑬persuasion　⑭apologise　⑮pollution　⑯intelligence　⑰energetic　⑱discovery　⑲arrangement　⑳frightening；frightened educator；education　attraction；attractive　terrify；terrifying；terrified　survival；survivor ‎2.常考词汇 ‎①voyage n.________‎ ‎②ancestor n.________‎ ‎③eventually adv.________‎ ‎④solution n.________‎ ‎⑤trick n.________‎ ‎⑥horrible adj.________‎ ‎⑦float vi.________‎ ‎⑧recover vi.________‎ ‎⑨scream vi.________‎ ‎⑩opposite n.________‎ 答案　①航海；航空　②祖先，祖宗 ③最终，终于　④解决办法；答案　⑤戏法，把戏　⑥可怕的；令人厌恶的　⑦漂，浮　⑧恢复正常；康复　⑨尖声大叫　⑩对立的人(物)；反义词,用所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎1.Although these________(measure) are not effective forever，they are vital for now.(2016·北京，阅读C)‎ ‎2.Please accept my sincere ________(apologise) from the bottom of my heart.(2016·全国Ⅲ，满分作文)‎ ‎3.Whatever she says will not make any difference to our ________(arrange).(2015·湖北，完成句子)‎ ‎4.I don’t feel ________(energy) enough to rush about，so I’ll sit down.‎ ‎5.In the light of recent ________ (discover)，it may be necessary to revise our previous theory.‎ ‎6.Only four people managed ________(escape) before the roof collapsed.‎ ‎7.He glanced at the envelope and ________ (recognise) his uncle’s handwriting.‎ ‎8.The journey along this route is very ________ (attract) because of its picturesque scenery.‎ ‎9.It didn’t take much ________ (persuade) to get her to tell us the truth.‎ ‎10.He was a boy of very high ________(intelligent).‎ ‎11.It was reported that the ________ (pollute)was very serious.‎ ‎12.Only two passengers ________ the air crash.When the two ________ were interviewed，they said their ________ was a wonder.(survive)‎ ‎13.On seeing the________ scene of the traffic accident，the child was ________.(fright)‎ ‎14.It was really a ________ scene，and many people are still ________ at the thought of taking a high－speed train.(terrify)‎ ‎15.We all ________ in the camp and agreed that this ________ was very valuable.(participate)‎ ‎16.The journey along this route is very ________ (attract) because of its picturesque scenery.‎ ‎17.He’ll go abroad for a ________ (far)study next year.‎ 答案　1.measures　2.apology　3.arrangements　4.energetic　5.discoveries　6.to escape　7.recognised　8.attractive　9.persuasion　10.intelligence　11.pollution　12.survived；survivors；survival　13.frightening；frightened　14.terrifying；terrified　15.participated；participation　16.attractive　17.further ‎【联想·积累】‎ ‎❶由discount想到的 ‎①promotion n.促销 ‎②retail n.零售 ‎③purchase n.购买 ‎④wholesale n.批发 ‎⑤on sale廉价出售 ‎⑥New Arrival新品上市 ‎❷“聪明”词汇一览 ‎①talent n.才能；天赋 ‎②wisdom n.智慧 ‎③brilliant adj.卓越的 ‎④clever adj.聪明的 ‎⑤gifted adj.有天赋的 ‎⑥intelligent adj.聪明的 ‎⑦smart adj.机敏的 ‎❸debate近义词全扫描 ‎①argue v.争论，争辩 ‎②discuss v.讨论，谈论 ‎③negotiate v.洽谈，协商 ‎④quarrel v.争吵，争论 ‎⑤speak about/of谈论 ‎⑥talk over(反复)讨论 ‎❹“(不)许可”词汇大观园 ‎①permit v.允许 ‎②allow v.允许 ‎③forbid v.禁止 ‎④ban v.&n.禁止 ‎⑤prohibit v.禁止 ‎❺描绘人“性格”的形容词一览 ‎①energetic有活力的 ‎②lively活泼的 ‎③optimistic乐观的 ‎④pessimistic悲观的 ‎⑤easy－going 随和的 ‎⑥gentle温和的 ‎⑦outgoing外向的 ‎⑧straightforward坦率的 ‎❻含count高频词集锦 ‎①count v.计算；认为；有价值 ‎ ‎②account n.账户；解释；账目 ‎③accountant n.会计师 ‎ ‎④counter n.柜台 ‎⑤discount n.& v.折扣；打折扣 ‎ ‎⑥country n.国家；乡下，农村 ‎ ‎⑦countryside n.农村，乡下 ‎ 开心词场→核心单词串记 According to an intelligent and energetic professor in our department，he has never participated in a further voyage on his own before.Although he isn’t an explorer，he often makes new discoveries.We know he likes collections of seashells.He can recognise the ages by measuring their widths and lengths altogether.‎ Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 ‎1.动词＋介词/副词 ‎①participate ________参加 ‎②fill ________填写 ‎③deal ________处理；对付 ‎④watch ________注意 ‎⑤pick ________取，接载；无意中学到 ‎⑥be covered ________覆盖 答案　①in　②out　③with　④out ⑤up　⑥with ‎2.介词＋冠词＋介词 ‎①in search ________寻找，寻求 ‎②in addition ________除……以外还有 答案　①of　②to ‎3.其他形式 ‎①________ one’s own独自地；独立地 ‎②set ________启航 ‎③according ________根据，依照 ‎④make ________有道理，有意义 ‎⑤get ________ trouble陷入麻烦，陷入困境 ‎⑥make it ________到达 ‎⑦make a ________谋生 ‎⑧all ________ once突然，忽然 答案　①on　②sail　③to　④sense ⑤into　⑥to　⑦living　⑧at 用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空 ‎1.The seamen decided to ____________ the next morning for Europe.‎ ‎2.Everyone in the class is expected to ____________ the discussion.‎ ‎3.We’ve ____________ several renewals this week.‎ ‎4.You must always ____________ for the traffic here.‎ ‎5.The boy ____________ some English while living in America with his parents.‎ ‎6.____________ this form and sign your name，then we’ll issue you a bankbook.‎ ‎7.It ____________ to buy a large house because your family is big.‎ ‎8.Even though he couldn’t swim，he managed to ____________ the river bank with his friends’ help.‎ 答案　1.set sail　2.participate in 3.dealt with　4.watch out　5.picked up　6.Fill out　7.makes sense 8.make it to ‎【联想·积累】‎ ‎❶归纳表示“除了……以外还有”的词汇 ‎①as well as ‎②besides ‎③in addition to ‎④apart/aside from ‎❷各种各样的“参加”‎ ‎①join ‎②join in ‎③take part in ‎④attend ‎ ‎⑤participate in ‎❸make的高频短语小结 ‎①make a difference 有影响；起作用 ‎②make a living 谋生 ‎③make a fortune 发财 ‎④make a mess 弄糟 ‎⑤make a comment 作出评论 Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用 原句背诵感悟 ‎1.It’s three times as big underwater.‎ ‎(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。‎ ‎2.You certainly won’t find a noisier fish.‎ 你肯定不会发现比这更吵的鱼了。‎ ‎3.One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.‎ 那一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。‎ ‎4.Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word “Whirlpool！”‎ 我们的船幸存下来，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时，哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁，大声说出那个令人胆战心惊的词“漩涡”。‎ 句型公式仿写 ‎1.“倍数＋as...as...”表达法 There were ________________ we expected during the meeting.‎ 会议期间汽车的数量是我们预料的三倍。‎ ‎2.形容词比较级和否定词连用表达最高级含义 What a wonderful novel！I ________________.‎ 多么好的一篇小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。‎ ‎3.独立主格结构 I heard that she got injured in the accident，________________.‎ 听说她在这起事故中受伤了，我内心充满了担忧。‎ ‎4.be doing...when...“正在做……这时……”‎ I ________ on the Internet ________ I found some information about iPhone 7.‎ 我正在上网，这时我发现了一些关于iPhone 7的信息。‎ 答案　1.three times as many cars as　2.have never read a more moving one ‎3.my heart full of worry　4.was surfing；when ‎【联想·积累】‎ 小议独立主格结构 ‎(1)独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，‎ 常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。‎ ‎(2)独立主格结构基本构成形式：名词(代词)＋现在分词(过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语)。‎ ‎[单 词 点 睛]‎ 高考必备词汇——精讲精练 ‎1.arrange v.安排，准备；整理；排列 ‎[教材原句]If not，then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours and choose a time that’s best for most people in the group.‎ 如果没完成，那么你们小组应该安排在课余时间见面，选择一个对你们小组大多数人都适合的时间。‎ ‎(1)arrange to do sth安排做某事 arrange for sb/sth to do sth 安排某人/物做某事 arrange with sb about sth与某人商定某事 ‎(2)make arrangements for为……做好安排 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①I have arranged ____________ the neighbours ________ taking care of the cat.‎ ‎②Her parents are busy ________(arrange) for her wedding ceremony.‎ ‎③We have made all the ________(arrange)for the conference that will be held next week.‎ ‎④He arranged that the meeting ____________ for a week.‎ ‎＝He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.‎ 他已安排好将会议延期一周。‎ 答案　①with；about　②arranging　③arrangements　④(should) be put off ‎【名师指津】　不能说arrange sb to do...，且arrange后跟that从句时，从句用虚拟语气“(should＋)do”。‎ ‎2.sign n.符号；标志；手势；征兆，迹象 vt.签署；示意；打手势 ‎[高考佳句]When driving，minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.(2015·江苏，阅读A)‎ 开车的时候，降低噪音，并观察禁止吸烟的标志。‎ ‎(1)sign of/that...……的迹象/征兆 traffic signs交通标志 ‎(2)sign (to sb) to do sth示意(某人)去做某事 sign in/out签到/退 sign up/on (sb)报名；注册；签约雇用(某人)‎ sign up (for sth)报名(参加课程)‎ 单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用 ‎①Our monitor signed us to stop talking before our headteacher came into the classroom.‎ ‎②The company has signed ________ three top models for the fashion show.‎ ‎③Europeans see a piggy bank as ________________.‎ 欧洲人把储蓄罐看作是好运和财富的象征。‎ 答案　①signed后加to　②on/up　③a sign of good fortune and wealth ‎3.persuade vt.说服，劝服；使相信 ‎ [高考佳句]Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.(2015·安徽，完形)‎ 广告说服我们越新越好，而且我们会更乐于使用最新产品。‎ persuade 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①In a debate you need to persuade the listeners ________ the soundness of your argument.‎ ‎②I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.(2015·浙江，书面表达)‎ ‎＝I managed to persuade my classmates ____________________________.‎ 我已经说服我的学生接受我的观点。‎ ‎③I persuaded him out of going there with Tom.‎ ‎＝I persuaded him ____________ there with Tom.‎ 我说服了他不要与汤姆一起去那里。‎ ‎【辨析比较】　persuade sb to do/try to persuade sb to do/advise sb to do persuade sb to do 强调劝说并达到成效，即说服 ‎ try to persuade sb to do 试图说服某人做某事， 强调过程 advise sb to do 建议某人做某事，不涉及最后的结果 用以上结构完成下列小片段 ‎④At first，many friends ____________ see a doctor，but he refused.Later his wife ____________ him and also failed.Who else can ____________ do so?‎ 最初，很多朋友都建议他去看医生，但是他拒绝了。后来，他妻子试图说服他，也失败了。还有谁能说服他去看医生呢？‎ 答案　①of　②to accept my idea　③not to go　④advised him to；tried to persuade；persuade him to ‎4.present vt.演示，讲演；上演，演出；出现，出席；显示；介绍；赠予；交给；提出，提交；颁发 ‎[教材原句]How will you present your project?‎ 你怎样展示你的计划？‎ present sb to sb把某人介绍/引荐给某人 ‎（2）at the present time＝at present目前，现在 for the present就现在来说，暂时 ‎（3）be present at出席 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①The students presented flowers ________ their teachers on Teachers’ Day.‎ ‎＝The students presented their teachers ________ flowers on Teachers’ Day.‎ ‎②I don’t have any information about Jeremy Lin Shuhao ____________.‎ 目前我没有关于林书豪的任何消息。‎ 答案　①to；with　②at present/at the present time ‎【巧学助记】‎ Everyone present at the meeting presented their own views，and they were all presented with beautiful presents.‎ 出席会议的每个人都提出了他们自己的观点，并得到了精美礼物。‎ ‎5.attract vt.吸引，引起……的注意；使喜爱；引起……的好感(或爱慕)‎ ‎[高考佳句]China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.(2015·福建，34)‎ ‎《今日中国》杂志吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界各地越来越多的人想了解中国。‎ ‎(1)attract sb to...把某人吸引到……‎ attract one’s attention/interest吸引某人的注意/兴趣 ‎(2)attraction n.吸引人的事物，吸引力 ‎(3)attractive adj.有魅力的，吸引人的 be attractive to sb对某人有吸引力 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①Most tourist ________(attract) in China are littered，the worst of which is this lake.‎ ‎②No matter how ________ (attract)they look in the store，once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.(2015·全国Ⅰ，阅读B)‎ ‎③Recently，the TV program Running Man ________________.‎ 近来，电视节目《奔跑吧，兄弟》吸引了很多人的注意力。‎ 答案　①attractions　②attractive　③has attracted many people’s attention ‎6.measure vi.&vt.(长度、数量)为；测量；衡量 n.计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸 ‎[教材原句]Bigger dolphins can measure four metres in length but common dolphins are usually less than two metres long.‎ 大一些的海豚会有4米长，但是普通的海豚通常不足两米长。‎ ‎(1)measure...by...用……来衡量……‎ be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算 ‎(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth采取措施做某事 make sth to sb’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t ________(measure) only by examination results.‎ ‎②Some villagers reported a huge snake，________ (measure) over two metres long，was found dead in a nearby cave.‎ ‎③The number of them is less than 1，000，so I hope you can ________________ to protect them.(2013·重庆，写作)‎ 它们的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取有效措施来保护它们。‎ 答案　①be measured　②measuring　③take some effective measures 常考必会词汇——理解辨认 ‎1.ban vt.&n.禁止；取缔；禁令 ‎[高考佳句]Always observe district fire bans.‎ 一定要遵守火灾禁令。(2015·江苏，阅读A)‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He was banned ________ driving for three years because of the accident he caused.‎ ‎②They signed agreements banning ________(use)chemical weapons.‎ ‎③The government put a ban ________ eating wild animals.‎ 答案　①from　②using　③on ‎2.apologise vi.道歉，谢罪 ‎[高考佳句]She apologised for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor.(2014·广东，语法填空)‎ 她因她的错误道歉并给了我们一个在顶楼的空闲的VIP房间。‎ 单句语法填空 The teacher made a suggestion that she should make an apology to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.‎ ‎＝The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologise ________ her deskmate ________ her bad behaviour.‎ 答案　to；for ‎3.escape vi.逃脱，逃跑；被忘掉，被忽视 n.逃走，逃脱 ‎[教材原句]Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape.我没有等下去，潜入海中试图逃生。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①No prisoner escaped ________ the prison without being seen.‎ ‎②He escaped ________(kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.‎ 答案　①from　②being killed ‎[短 语 点 拨]‎ ‎1.make it to到达(to为介词)‎ ‎[教材原句]Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.‎ 埃里克又开始航行，这次他率领25艘船，最终只有14艘抵达了格陵兰岛。‎ make it＋时间 约定为……(时间)‎ ‎ make it及时到达(尤其在困难情况下)；能够出席或到场；获得成功；幸免于难 get it懂得，理解 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①Let’s make ________ at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office.‎ ‎②Lucy failed in the computer test last time while I ____________.‎ 上次计算机考试露西没有通过，而我通过了。‎ ‎③I don’t ____________.Please explain.‎ 我不懂。请解释一下。‎ 答案　①it　②made it　③get it ‎2.pick up取，接载；营救，搭救；拾起，捡起；收听(节目)；无意中学到；廉价买到；恢复健康；情况好转 ‎[经典例句]She went over to the crying child and picked her up.她走到啼哭的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。‎ 写出下列句中pick up的含义 ‎①When is the weather going to pick up？It’s been bad for weeks.‎ ‎②Peter drove to Ann’s house to pick up his dog，and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.‎ ‎③He is beginning to pick up after the operation，which delights his family.‎ ‎④It’s surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.‎ ‎⑤My radio made in Shanghai can pick up BBC very clearly.‎ 答案　①情况好转　②接载　③恢复健康　④无意中学到　⑤收听(节目)‎ ‎【巧学助记】‎ ‎[句 式 透 析]‎ ‎1.It’s three times as big underwater.‎ ‎(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。‎ ‎(1)这是一个倍数表达法的常用句型，结构为：倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...。‎ 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①It’s said that the power plant is now ________________ what it was.‎ 据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。‎ ‎(2)常见的倍数表达法：‎ ‎(1)A＋谓语＋倍数＋the size (length，width，depth，height...) of＋B ‎(2)A＋谓语＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than＋B ‎(3)A＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋B ‎②After looking at the map，he finds this street is four times the ________(long)of that street.‎ 答案　①twice as large as　②length ‎【名师指津】　在倍数表达法中，一倍用once，两倍用twice，三倍及三倍以上用“数词＋times”来表示。‎ ‎2.[教材原句]You certainly won’t find a noisier fish.‎ 你绝不会找到比它们更吵闹的鱼。‎ not...a noisier fish此结构是：not...＋a＋比较级＋名词的单数。这种结构是以比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义。‎ 用形容词的比较级形式表示意义上的最高级：‎ ‎(1)比较级＋than＋ ‎(2)not (never，nothing等表示否定意义的词)＋a/an＋比较级＋n.单数 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ________ better voice.‎ ‎②Yi Jianlian is ________________ in our national basketball now.‎ 现在易建联比我们国家篮球队中的任何一名队员都高。‎ 答案　①a　②taller than any other player 课堂作业 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1.I am trying to persuade him ________(quit) the attempt.‎ ‎2.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some ________(measure) over 90 metres.‎ ‎3.The mayor presented him ________ a gold medal at an official city reception.‎ ‎4.The Great Wall is such a well－known tourist ________(attract) that millions of people pour in every year.‎ ‎5.Charles often attempts to escape ________(fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.‎ ‎6.This is the middle school ________ Mr.Smith taught English ten years ago.‎ ‎7.I was sleepy.I decided to make myself some strong coffee so I could work ‎ ________(well).‎ ‎8.Mr.Green tried to persuade Miss King ________(attend) the important conference，but she refused him.‎ ‎9.This article may shock some sensitive readers，________ whom I offer my apologies in advance.‎ ‎10.She ________(be) absent，the meeting had to be put off.‎ ‎11.I never thought Clare would make ________ as a successful actress.‎ ‎12.They were about to go back home ________ the accident happened.‎ 答案　1.to quit　2.measuring　3.with　4.attraction　5.being fined　6.where　7.better　8.to attend　9.to　10.being　11.it　12.when Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.Nothing else is precious than water in the desert.‎ ‎2.If buyers pay in advance，they can make large wholesale purchases at discount.‎ ‎3.Read this sentence and tell me if it makes a sense.‎ ‎4.I know only a little about the twins，Jane and Mary，but I think Jane is more beautiful of the two sisters.‎ ‎5.The work finishing，they left the office and went home.‎ ‎6.The service here is wonderful and I think we couldn’t have found better place.‎ ‎7.Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search of survivors in the earthquake.‎ ‎8.Sarah made that to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.‎ ‎9.Last weekend I went downtown and I had trouble find somewhere to park.‎ ‎10.Bill arranged this man to show us around the museum.‎ 答案　1.precious前加more　2.at后加a　3.去掉a 4.is后加the　5.finishing→finished　6.found后加a　7.第二个of→for　8.that→it　9.find→finding 10.arrange后加for Ⅲ.课文缩写语法填空 The Vikings，whose ancestors came from Scandinavia，were the first Europeans 1.________ (reach) America.They had lived in many places of Northern Europe.In 982 AD，a man 2.________ (call) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because of a murder，for which he got 3.________ trouble.Eric discovered Greenland and persuaded some people 4.________ (settle) in Greenland.Later a man 5.________ the name of Biarni set sail from Iceland to search for Eric’s party.6.________ he was blown off course and 7.________ (eventual) reached Greenland.In the year 1002，Leif，Eric the Red’s son，followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to 8.________ is believed to be the coast of present－day Canada.He also discovered Newfoundland.Actually，Eric the Red and Leif’s deeds are 9.________ first records we have of Europeans 10.________ (sail) to the Americas.‎ 答案　1.to reach　2.called　3.into　4.to settle　5.by 6.But　7.eventually　8.what　9.the　10.sailing Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记 一、根据提示翻译句子 ‎1.我的朋友杰克是一个探险家，他有很多惊险刺激的经历。(explorer)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.去年他说服了一些人参加他的海上探险。(persuade，participate)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.根据他的安排，他们在某一个周一启航去寻找鲸鱼。(arrangement，set sail，in ‎ search of)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.在路上他警告他的同伴注意鲨鱼，以免陷入麻烦之中。(watch out，get into trouble)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎5.经过一个月的航行，他们到达了目的地并找到了鲸鱼。(make it to)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ 答案　1.My friend Jack is an explorer.He has a lot of exciting and dangerous experiences.‎ ‎2.Last year he persuaded some people to participate in his adventure on the sea.‎ ‎3.According to his arrangement，they set sail on a Monday in search of whales.‎ ‎4.On the way，he warned his fellows to watch out for sharks in case they got into trouble.‎ ‎5.After a month’s sail，they made it to their destination and found the whales.‎ 二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ My friend Jack is an explorer，and he has a lot of experiences which are exciting and dangerous.Last year he persuaded some people to participate in his adventure on the sea.According to his arrangement，they set sail on a Monday in search of whales.On the way，he warned his fellows to watch out for sharks in case of getting into trouble.With their joint efforts，after a month’s sail，they made it to their ‎ destination and found the whales.‎ 课下作业 A卷　阅读提速练(限时20′)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Weather experts said this year could be one of the strongest El Nino events in recorded history.El Nino means severe weather conditions in parts of the world.In eastern Africa, for example, Kenya and Uganda are preparing for possible flooding.Yet South Africa and Malawi are already dealing with extremely dry weather.‎ El Nino is Spanish for “the child”.It usually begins in December, near the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ.In fact, the weather event was named in his honor.El Nino develops when winds off the west coast of South America weaken.This permits warm water in the western Pacific to expand toward the east and the Americas.At the same time, clouds and rain over the warm water move east, too.El Nino conditions normally appear only about twice every 10 years.Usually, El Nino conditions continue for about 12 to 18 months.They bring warm weather to some areas.These areas become wetter than normal, while others become drier.‎ The United Nations Children’s Fund warns that many people are at risk from hunger, disease and water shortages resulting from El Nino.In east and southern Africa up to 11 million children could be affected.East African countries usually experience heavy rainfall during the El Nino.Southern Africa usually has little rainfall, which may lead to wildfires or drought (干旱).‎ Weather changes caused by El Nino depend on the strength of the condition.In the early 1980s, strong El Nino was linked to dry weather in Australia and Asia, rain and flooding in South America and high temperatures in many parts of the U.S.Ten ‎ years later, smaller El Nino caused trouble in parts of the U.S.It caused severe floods in the Southeast and the Middle West.Tom Di Leberto is a meteorologist (气象学家) at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Washington, D.C.He said this year could be the third strongest El Nino on record.But we will not know for sure until all the weather records are examined.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，题材为科普环保类。气象专家表示今年可能经历有记录以来最为强烈的厄尔尼诺之一。‎ ‎1.The author writes the text to tell us________.‎ A.many countries are preparing for the coming floods B.Africa will probably suffer a lot from this year’s El Nino C.this year could be one of the strongest El Nino on record D.11 million children could be affected by this year’s El Nino 答案　C　[目的意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要向读者介绍气象专家表示今年可能经历有记录以来最为强烈的厄尔尼诺之一。]‎ ‎2.The second paragraph is mainly about________.‎ A.what El Nino actually means B.how El Nino comes into being C.when El Nino will occur next time D.why El Nino causes weather changes 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，本段主要向读者介绍厄尔尼诺现象是如何形成的。]‎ ‎3.Which of the following countries often suffers from flooding caused by El Nino?‎ A.Kenya. B.Malawi.‎ C.Australia. D.South Africa.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段In eastern Africa，for example，Kenya and Uganda are preparing for possible flooding及第三段East African countries usually experience heavy rainfall during the El Nino可知，东部非洲国家通常在厄尔尼诺期间遭受暴雨。肯尼亚和乌干达正在准备迎接可能到来的洪水。]‎ ‎4.The author mentioned the 1980s’ El Nino and the 1990s’ El Nino to________.‎ A.explain why so many countries were affected by El Nino B.prove weather changes caused by El Nino depend on its strength C.argue that El Nino conditions usually appear about twice every 10 years D.show scientists doubt whether this year will have the strongest El Nino 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，厄尔尼诺导致的气候变化取决于该现象的强度。之后又举例说明了这一点，故选B。]‎ B We often overlook and completely forget how dangerous the game of baseball can be for the players on the field, and even for the fans, who gather very closely as baseballs and bats fly around at the park at terrifying speeds.‎ Unfortunately, we were hit with a troubling reminder on Friday night at Fenway Park, Boston as one fan reportedly suffered life－threatening injuries after being struck in the face by the barrel (击球端) of a broken bat.The scary incident happened because a player hit the ball hard, causing his bat to break at the handle.The broken barrel flew into the stands to the left of home plate (the place that the player has to stand next to in order to hit the ball, and the last place they have to touch to score a point) where it reportedly struck the fan.According to Boston police, the fan was taken to Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, where she’s currently receiving treatment for her injuries.‎ A security guard who witnessed the accident said the woman, who was sitting with her husband and son at the time, suffered serious injuries.Her son sitting near her was terribly frightened.A number of fans witnessed the accident, including Alex Merlas of Brookline.“Brett__Lawrie hit the ball and the bat broke in half near the end of the bat，” Merlas said.“It hit the fan on the top of her forehead and there was a lot of bleeding.I don’t think I’ve ever seen that much blood.”‎ That game was delayed temporarily so the fan could be transported to an ambulance waiting at one of the gates inside the ballpark.Fans were left shocked and shaken as the stadium crew cleaned up the scene.Players could be seen discussing it as well, as all who witnessed it were obviously affected.Those who were watching the accident wished the woman fan and her family the very best.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。一名棒球运动员用力挥棒击球导致球棒断裂，飞出去的球棒击中了一位在看台上的女球迷的脸，使她受了重伤。‎ ‎5.The first paragraph of the text is used to________.‎ A.attract readers’ attention to the topic B.introduce the meaning of the topic C.make a comment about the topic D.provide background to the topic 答案　D　[写作目的题。第一段讲述人们经常忽视棒球运动的危险，而下文讲述的就是棒球运动场上的一场事故，故第一段是全文的背景。]‎ ‎6.What hit the woman fan?‎ A.The handle. B.The baseball.‎ C.The whole bat. D.The broken barrel.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的being struck in the face by the barrel of a broken bat及The broken barrel...struck the fan可知答案。]‎ ‎7.The underlined part “Brett Lawrie” in Paragraph 3 is the name of________.‎ A.an eye witness B.a security guard C.a sports reporter D.a baseball player 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据本句语境及第二段中的a player hit the ball hard, causing his bat to break at the handle可知，一名棒球运动员用力挥棒击球导致球棒断裂，故Brett Lawrie是名棒球运动员的名字。]‎ ‎8.The game stopped for a short time in order to________.‎ A.make sure the players were not affected B.take the woman to the ambulance C.calm audiences down D.look into the accident 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的That game was delayed temporarily so the fan could be transported to an ambulance可知答案。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Two days before Christmas, I was shopping in a local grocery store.I bought a lot of vegetables and some food for my two children.My cart was full as I entered the checkout lane (付款通道).__1__‎ It was beginning to snow and I found that the lady looked worried.__2__I turned back and insisted she go before me.She was surprised and then she thanked me sincerely.‎ ‎__3__We took advantage of this little time and had a nice chat about kindness.I told her that she seemed close to my mother’s age and I hoped that someone would do ‎ the same for her.‎ After her goods were tallied (清点), she was handed a receipt.Her receipt had a message that she would receive a special gift for a child at customer services.__4__‎ As I stood there, I felt that there may have been a child that would benefit from that gift in her own family or circle of friends and realized that one act of kindness could have a chain reaction.Had I denied myself that opportunity to practice this random act, I would have received the “free gift” receipt.__5__Furthermore, by allowing myself the opportunity to show generosity, I also received a gift—the satisfaction of helping others.‎ A.Seeing this, she was delighted.‎ B.She thought I was just telling a joke.‎ C.But I knew in my heart that she needed it more.‎ D.It occurred to me that I should do something for her.‎ E.There were still several people waiting in line before us.‎ F.A little elderly lady was behind me with a full cart as well.‎ G.I was a little worried because I would have to wait for at least ten minutes.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者在商店排队结账时让一位老妇人优先结账，作者因此感受到了帮助别人的快乐。‎ ‎1.F　[根据下一段中的I turned back and insisted she go before me可推测，老妇人本来是“排在作者之后的”。]‎ ‎2.D　[根据本段内容可知，作者“想到要为这位老妇人做些什么事”，因此他让老妇人排到自己前面，优先结账。]‎ ‎3.E　[根据本空后一句We took advantage of this little time and had a nice chat about kindness可推测，作者和老妇人的前面“仍然有一些人在排队”‎ ‎，所以他们利用等待的时间聊天。]‎ ‎4.A　[根据本段内容可知，老妇人幸运地获得了礼品券，因此她应该很“高兴”。]‎ ‎5.C　[如果作者不跟老妇人换位置的话，那么获得礼品券的人应该是作者，但是看到老妇人那么高兴，作者“从心里知道她更需要这个礼品券”。]‎ B卷　语言知识运用提能练(限时30′)‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 The greatest pleasure in life is putting my pen to paper and setting free all of my ideas and dreams.From them, I’m able to create completely different worlds, filled with unusual__1__.Within these unique fields, I can become __2__ in the excitement that only I can create.For me, creative__3__is my main form of emotional release (情绪释放).It is my way of speaking without ever having to open my__4__.‎ It started at the age of five.My__5__picked up a copy of The Velveteen Rabbit, which remains one of my__6__books of all time.I lay in my bed patiently，__7__with attentive ears as my mother read the story of a toy rabbit that magically became__8__through the unconditional love of a young boy.The story became stuck inside my__9__.It amazed me so much that it__10__me to write my own fictional story.‎ During my time in kindergarten, we kids were given a(n)__11__to write stories and draw our own illustrations (插图), and__12__one little copy for our personal use.I__13__the chance, and then, my story was born.It was about a lonely toy dinosaur, whose only __14__ was to be bought and loved by someone.I remember being so__15__ my creation, and feeling that I had true talent.I__16__called upon my teacher to help me print out the story and publish it.‎ I anxiously returned home soon after, and I__17__gave the story to my mother to read.After carefully reading the story, she__18__and gave me a big hug, telling me it ‎ was a__19__story.Since then, I’ve written other short stories, and I still __20__to write when I have time.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文，题材为日常生活类。小时候妈妈给作者读的一篇童话故事开启了她的写作之旅。‎ ‎1.A.characters B.experiments ‎ C.gifts D.authors 答案　A　[由上句的putting my pen to paper和create completely different worlds可知，作者认为她所创造的这个文学世界中充满了各种奇特的人物(characters)。]‎ ‎2.A.hidden B.lost ‎ C.frightened D.tired 答案　B　[由本空后的excitement可知，在这个奇特的文学世界，作者沉浸在(lost)只有自己能创造出的快乐中。]‎ ‎3.A.performing B.designing ‎ C.thinking D.writing 答案　D　[由文章开头的putting my pen to paper可知，创造性写作(writing)是作者释放情绪的一种主要方式。]‎ ‎4.A.eyes B.arms C.mouth D.heart 答案　C　[由本空前的speaking可知，作者认为写作是一种不用张口(mouth)就能表达自己的方式。]‎ ‎5.A.teacher B.father ‎ C.classmate D.mother 答案　D　[第7空后的my mother read the story of a toy ‎ rabbit有提示。作者的母亲(mother)拿起了一本书。]‎ ‎6.A.chemical B.scientific ‎ C.favorite D.popular 答案　C　[由本空前后的remains和all time可知，那本书直到现在仍然是作者最喜欢的(favorite)书之一。]‎ ‎7.A.reading B.remembering ‎ C.waiting D.listening 答案　D　[根据本空后的ears和my mother read可知，作者躺在床上，认真听(listening)妈妈读《绒布小兔子》。]‎ ‎8.A.real B.ill C.worried D.broken 答案　A　[由本空前的a toy rabbit that magically became...可知，这只玩具兔子在一个小男孩的关爱下魔幻般地变成了真(real)兔子。]‎ ‎9.A.book B.mind C.sight D.house 答案　B　[那个故事从那时起就一直留在作者的脑海里(mind)。]‎ ‎10.A.encouraged B.forbade ‎ C.begged D.permitted 答案　A　[由本空前 amazed可知，这个故事让作者感到非常惊奇，以至于激励(encouraged)她写出自己的故事。]‎ ‎11.A.desire B.chance C.order D.reason 答案　B　[第13空后的chance有提示。在上幼儿园时，老师给了小朋友一个写作的机会(chance)。]‎ ‎12.A.publish B.send C.buy D.collect 答案　A　[由第16空后的print out the story and publish it可知，老师让小朋友写出故事并配上插画，然后会打印出(publish)一份。]‎ ‎13.A.ran out of B.gave way to ‎ C.took advantage of D.looked forward to 答案　C　[由本空后的my story was born可知，作者利用了(took advantage of)这个机会，写出了她的第一篇故事。]‎ ‎14.A.excuse B.rule ‎ C.challenge D.dream 答案　D　[由本空前后的lonely和bought and loved可知，它是一只孤独的玩具恐龙，它唯一的梦想(dream)就是被人买走并得到关爱。]‎ ‎15.A.sorry for B.proud of ‎ C.bad at D.honest about 答案　B　[由本空后true talent得出，作者对自己写出的故事特别自豪(proud of)，并感觉她有写作天赋。]‎ ‎16.A.excitedly B.hopelessly ‎ C.calmly D.angrily 答案　A　[根据上句作者的心情可知，她写出了自己满意的故事，所以兴奋地(excitedly)把老师叫了过来。]‎ ‎17.A.sadly B.impatiently ‎ C.immediately D.suddenly 答案　C　[由本空前的anxiously returned判断，作者心急火燎地回到家，迫不及待地(immediately)让妈妈读她的故事。]‎ ‎18.A.apologized B.smiled ‎ C.objected D.yawned 答案　B　[由本空后的big hug可知，妈妈笑了(smiled)，给了作者一个大大的拥抱，并且告诉作者她写了一个精彩的(wonderful)故事。]‎ ‎19.A.true B.terrible ‎ C.false D.wonderful 答案　D　[参考上题解析。]‎ ‎20.A.pretend B.forget ‎ C.continue D.hesitate 答案　C　[由第5空前的at the age of five和本空前的Since then，I’ve written other short stories可知，从那时起，作者开始写短篇故事，直到现在，当她有时间时，她仍然继续(continue)写作。]‎ Ⅳ.语法填空 Once, in a lovely garden, lived the most beautiful butterfly in the world.She was so pretty, and had won so many beauty contests __1__she became very proud.One day, a cockroach (蟑螂) got fed up with her showing off, and decided __2__(teach) her a lesson.‎ She went to see the butterfly, and in front of everyone she __3__(say) that the butterfly unfairly won those __4__(compete) and that in fact the cockroach was more beautiful.‎ The butterfly was angry and said to the cockroach, “I __5__(beat) you in a beauty contest, with whichever judge you choose.”‎ ‎“OK, I accept.See you on Saturday，” answered the cockroach, and left __6__waiting for a reply.‎ That Saturday everyone went to the beauty contest.The butterfly arrived ‎ __7__(complete) confident of victory until she saw __8__the judges were: cockroaches, worms, beetles.All of them preferred the ugliness and bad smell of the cockroach.‎ The butterfly was left __9__(cry) and disappointed, wanting never to enter another beauty contest in her life.Fortunately, the cockroach forgave the butterfly for her pride and __10__became friends.‎ 答案　1.that　[考查连词。so...that意为“如此……以至于”。]‎ ‎2.to teach　[考查不定式作宾语的用法。decide to do sth意为“决定做某事”。]‎ ‎3.said　[考查一般过去时。由上下文可知say所表示的动作发生在过去，故填said。]‎ ‎4.competitions　[考查名词。those后需跟可数名词的复数形式，且设空处意为“竞赛”，故填competitions。]‎ ‎5.will beat　[考查一般将来时。由下句中的on Saturday可知，beat是将来发生的动作，故填will beat。]‎ ‎6.without　[考查介词。此处表示蟑螂没有等待答复就离开了，故填without。]‎ ‎7.completely　[考查副词。设空处修饰形容词confident，故填副词completely。]‎ ‎8.who　[考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句且从句意为“评委们都是谁”，故填who。]‎ ‎9.crying　[考查动词－ing形式作主语补足语的用法。The butterfly和cry之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且由and disappointed可知设空处作主语补足语，故填crying。]‎ ‎10.they　[考查代词。设空处指代the cockroach and the butterfly，故填they。]‎