【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之十（17页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之十（17页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之十 ‎[一]‎ ‎3D printing is becoming more and more popular. We are now able to create things we need very quickly and easily using 3D printers. But can you imagine printing food?‎ Some scientists are trying to change the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.‎ Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: you simply have to select a recipe(食谱)and put the raw food ‘inks’ into the printer. You can also modify (修改) the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.‎ Using 3D printers to create your meals would also be saving the environment. There would be less need for traditional growing, transporting and packaging processes as food production would be a lot more efficient. For example, alternative ingredients such as proteins from algae, beetroot leaves and insects could be converted into tasty products.‎ Printing food could also help people who suffer from dysphasia (a swallowing disorder). They could program the printer to print softer versions of their favorite foods so that they would not have trouble in swallowing them.‎ However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food. Imagine a world where there was no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes could be printed from a raw “food ink”. Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business. Also, there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food: is it really possible to be get the nutrients we need from food–based inks and gels(凝胶)?‎ What’s more，cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.‎ ‎32. Which of the following best describes 3D food printing?‎ ‎ A. Quick and popular. B. Easy and efficient.‎ ‎ C. Nutritious and tasty. D. Soft and convenient.‎ ‎33. Why do some think that 3D food printing would be a disaster?‎ ‎ A. Traditional food would disappear. B. We could all eat the same food.‎ ‎ C. It would affect the people’s health. D. Many people could lose their jobs.‎ ‎34. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. 3D food printing will replace traditional cooking. ‎ ‎ B. The future of 3D food printing is uncertain.‎ ‎ C. 3D food printing would be a failure. ‎ ‎ D. It would hurt our tradition of food culture. ‎ ‎35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A. Can 3D printing create everything? ‎ ‎ B. 3D food “printing”: coming to the kitchen ‎ C. 3D—printing food will be in fashion! ‎ ‎ D. The disadvantage of 3D food printing 参考答案：32~35: BDDB ‎[二]‎ The Internet has opened up a whole new on-line world for us to meet, chat and go where we've never been before.‎ But just as in face-to-face communication, there are some basic rules of behavior that should be followed when online. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. Imagine how you'd feel if you were in the other person's shoes.‎ For anything you're about to send: ask yourself, "Would I say this to the person's face?" If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you'd feel comfortable saying the words to the person's face.‎ ‎　　If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation ‎ by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.‎ ‎　　Everyone was new to the network once. Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate．When someone makes a mistake whether it's a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it's a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn't give you license to correct everyone else.‎ If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely. At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.‎ It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex, and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don't ask such questions.‎ 24. When you send short messages to a person, you must ________‎ A. make sure that they mean no harm. B read them again and again.‎ B. say something good to hear. D. repeat them later to the person's face.‎ 25. If you are hurt in the chat room by others, you should ________‎ A. fight back in the same way. B. ignore them. ‎ C.take them seriously. D. be angry with them. ‎ 26. If a newcomer who communicates on line makes any mistakes, you ________.‎ A. should point them out sharply. B. shouldn't give any advice unless required by them.‎ C.should say something about them. D. should take your responsibility to correct them.‎ ‎27. This passage mainly tells us ________.‎ A. some rules of Internet communication. B ways of sending messages.‎ C.rules of the chat room. ‎ D. ways of making friends on the Internet.‎ 参考答案：24---27 ABBA ‎[三]‎ Brochure Design Service Professional Brochure Designs Brochures have proven to be one of the most cost-effective marketing methods for product and service companies worldwide. Creating a brochure is a delicate and important design process for any business, and must be left in the hand of professional brochure designers. It requires graphic(图解的)design skills, specific techniques, and a deep understanding of marketing and printing technology.‎ A Professional Brochure Design Service Brochure Design Service is a team of professional brochure designers that create company brochures and product catalogs for businesses. At Brochure Design Service you will find the design solutions for your organization brochures - from the outline of design drafts. concepts and messages, to the final brochure printing.‎ As experts in design, we make the highest quality brochures you will ever come across, quickly and affordably. You only need to answer e-mails and provide feedback on our designs.‎ Creating Professional Brochures for your Company Affordable and highest-quality end products. Brochures that will certainly beat your competitors and give you the edge in marketing your business.‎ Brochure design samples ready in 2 business days or less. Do you have a trade show next week? Call us! We can meet tight deadlines.‎ We have been serving thousands of clients all around the world for more than 15 years.‎ Access to royalty－free（版权费） images included in our design fees.‎ Lightweight digital brochure in PDF format included.‎ Save time by avoiding endless meetings and appointments. Our service is faster, more reliable and coat-effective than a traditional design agency.‎ Unparalleled service: unlimited revisions till your final approval, plus 100﹪ money back guarantee. Contact us right now! Tel: (814)755-3560 E-mail： smith@brochure. ca.‎ ‎21. What is needed in creating a brochure？‎ A .Handwriting techniques. B. Photographing skills.‎ C. Communicating strategies. D. Graphic design ability.‎ ‎22. Brochure Design Service can offer customers___________.‎ A. a true show B. PDF versions of brochures C. a printing machine D. Internet images ‎23. The main purpose of the text is to_______.‎ A. entertain B. suggest C. advertise D. warn 参考答案： 21-23 DBC ‎ ‎[四]‎ Flat Holm is picturesque landmass located in Britain’s Bristol Channel. The area’s low energy needs have therefore been fulfilled using old-fashioned solar panels（板）and a diesel generator（柴油发电机）. The beautiful island is now, however, becoming increasingly popular with tourists wishing to explore the rural landscape and view the island’s seabird colonies.‎ Though this is welcome news, meeting the island’s growing energy needs without damaging its environment has a challenge. Flat Holm team ‎ leader Natalie Taylor says, “It’s really important that we have a really high functioning system. From an environmental point of view, we want to reduce the use of diesel generators so that we can have as small an ecological footprint as possible.”‎ Fortunately, UK-based startup Renovagen had the perfect solution. The company’s Rapid Roll Solar PV system consists of flexible solar panels that can be unrolled like a carpet from a trailer（拖车）and instantly put to work. According to the company, a small panel can provide 11kw of power within two minutes.‎ The technology is the brainchild of Renovagen’s Managing Director John Hingley, who came up with the idea after seeing something used as a backup battery for mobile devices about five years ago. In addition to being easy to unfold, the rollable panels are also more cost-effective to transport. Hingley says, “Compared with traditional rigid panels, we can fit up to 10 times the power in this size container.”‎ The solar panel “carpets,” laid on the island in early October, are being used to provide electricity to its pub and lighthouse. In addition to providing power to remote islands like Flat Holm, Hingley hopes the Rapid Roll technology will be useful in areas affected by natural disasters. A good example is Puerto Rico, where most people have been without electricity since Hurricane Maria destroyed the power lines.‎ ‎28. What leads to Flat Holm’s increasing energy needs?‎ A. Its growing number of tourists. ‎ B. Its remote location.‎ C. The damage to its environment. ‎ D. The power system failure.‎ ‎29. Where does the difficulty lie to increase energy supply to Flat Holm?‎ A. Reusing diesel generators. ‎ B. Protecting its environment.‎ C. Abandoning old solar panels. ‎ D. Reducing transport cost.‎ ‎30. How do the new solar panels differ from the old ones?‎ A. They cost less. ‎ B. They are smaller.‎ C. They are portable. ‎ D. They are hard to operate.‎ ‎31. What gave Hingley inspiration of the Rapid Roll technology?‎ A. A natural disaster. ‎ B. A similar invention.‎ C. His life on the island. ‎ D. Traditional rigid panels.‎ 参考答案：28-31 ABCB ‎ ‎[五]‎ It is a familiar scene these days: employees taking newly laid-off(下岗) co-workers out for a drink for comfort. But which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless or the still employed? On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it’s the latter.‎ Brendan Burchell, a Cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe. The data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. Although a newly jobless person’s mental health may “bottom out” after about six months, and then even begin to improve, the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse”, Burchell says.‎ Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stress during times of insecurity because they sense an ‎ immediate but invisible threat. Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety, for example, while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from—even if the result is cancer. It’s better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight” response, which leads to damaging stress.‎ But not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view, Burchell says. In general, women get on better. While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned, women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12, even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing. As Burchell explains, “For women, most studies show that any job—it doesn’t matter whether it is secure or insecure—gives psychological improvement over unemployment.” He supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressure not only to be employed, but also to be the primary breadwinner，and that more of a man’s self-worth depends on his job.‎ ‎32. Why do researchers think the still employed deserve sympathy more?‎ A. They have to do more work since then.‎ B. They have no chance to find better jobs.‎ C. They have to work with inexperienced workers.‎ D. They frequently worry about losing their jobs.‎ ‎33. What is most likely to cause a “fight or flight” response?‎ A. Not having a paid job. B. Fierce competition for jobs.‎ C. Not knowing what will happen. D. Pressure to work longer hours.‎ ‎34. What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph?‎ A. Advice on preparing a job interview.‎舒中高二统考英语 第6页 (共8页)‎ B. Advice to those in insecure industries.‎ C. Some knowledge of psychology.‎ D. Difference in men and women.‎ ‎35. What could be the best title for the text?‎ A. Is it less stressful to get laid off than stay on?‎ B. Should greater sympathy be given to the jobless?‎ C. Do employees bear more stress than ever before?‎ D. Do men or women show higher levels of anxiety?‎ 参考答案：32-35 DCBA ‎[六]‎ One of India’s top engineering schools has restricted Internet access in its boarding houses, saying addiction to surfing, gaming and blogging was affecting students’ performance, making them lonely and even suicidal.‎ Authorities at the best Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Mumbai said students had stopped socializing and many were late for morning classes or slept through them. “Now, a student doesn’t even know who lives two doors away from him because he is so busy on the Internet,” said Prakash Gopalan, dean of Student Affairs. “The old dormitory culture of companionship and socializing among students is gone. This is not healthy in our opinion.”‎ IIT-Mumbai, with about 5,000 students, is one of the seven IITs across India which are considered to be among the finest engineering schools in the world. They are also a talent pool for global technology giants. But their hard courses, tough competition and lonely campus lifestyle have taken an effect on students. Depressive and dysfunctional lifestyles are known to be common among IIT students, and at least nine have committed suicide in the past five years. Students have unlimited free Internet access in their boarding houses to help them in their studies, but many ‎ also use it to surf, chat, download movies and music, blog and for gaming.‎ ‎“Starting Monday, Internet access will be banned between 11 p.m. and 12:30 p.m. at IIT-Mumbai’s 13 boarding buildings to encourage students to sleep early and to try and force them out of their shells.” Gopalan said. But the move has not gone down well with students who say they hate their lives being regulated. “Now they will say we need to listen to a lullaby (摇篮曲) to go to sleep.” said Rajiv, an electronics student.‎ ‎28. According to the text, the students addicted to the Internet in IIT-Mumbai are likely to ______.‎ A. perform well in studies ‎ B. participate in social activities C. know their classmates better ‎ D. feel lonely and even suicidal ‎29. The underlined word “dysfunctional” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “______”.‎ A. unpopular B. meaningful C. abnormal D. exciting ‎30. What measures have been taken in IIT-Mumbai?‎ A. Students must go to bed before 11 p.m.‎ B. Students are forbidden to surf the Internet on campus.‎ C. Students have unlimited free Internet access in their dormitories.‎ D. Internet access is unavailable in deep night in boarding buildings.‎ ‎31. We may infer from the last paragraph that ______.‎ A. all electronics students hate the banning order B. some students complain about the banning order C. there is no Internet access on the IIT campus ever since D. more students prefer listening to music to surfing the Internet 参考答案：28-31．DCDB ‎ ‎[七]‎ Pigeons may only have a brain the size of a thimble (顶针), but it ‎ appears that pigeons can categorize and name objects in the same way human children learn new words.‎ A new study from the University of Iowa has shown that the birds are capable of learning to categorize 128 different photographs into 16 basic categories.‎ Scientists taught three pigeons to sort out different kinds of dogs or types of shoes, for example by using a particular symbol in exchange for a reward. When they were shown black and white pictures of previously unseen dogs or shoes, the birds were able to correctly match these with the corresponding symbols.‎ The scientists behind the project say this is a similar approach taken by young children when they are first learning words for objects. However, the researchers said it took their birds around 40 days to perfect the task of learning just 16 categories.‎ Professor Edward Wasserman, who led the work, said: “Our birds’ rate of learning appears to have been quite slow. Would children learn faster than pigeons? Almost certainly. However, our pigeons came to the experiment with no background knowledge at all. Thus, the more relevant comparison group may be newborn babies, who indeed take 6–9 months to learn their first words.”‎ Writing in the journal Cognition, the researchers said their experiment was a very simple mirror of the way children are taught words — by their parents pointing to pictures and asking them to name the object.‎ Pigeons are known to be smarter than many birds. Professor Bob McMurray, who also took part in the study, said the results showed that human learning is not as unique as was previously believed.‎ He said: “Children are facing a huge task of learning thousands of words without a lot of background knowledge to go on. For a long time,‎ ‎ people thought that such learning is special to humans. What this research shows is that the ways in which children solve this huge problem may be shared with many species.‎ ‎32. What’s the main idea of this passage?‎ A. Pigeons and young children take a similar approach to learn words.‎ B. Pigeons are known to be smarter than newborn babies.‎ C. Pigeons recognize objects in the same way children learn words.‎ D. Pigeons are unique as they can learn like humans.‎ ‎33. Why does the writer think newborn babies are the more relevant comparison group?‎ A. They don’t have any background knowledge.‎ B. They learn relatively slow.‎ C. Pigeons and newborn babies learn at a similar speed.‎ D. Young children are smarter.‎ ‎34. From the passage, we can learn that .‎ A. learning without background knowledge is unique to humans B. many species may be able to learn without background knowledge C. pigeons are able to solve many huge problems D. pigeons are known to be the smartest birds ‎35．The passage is intended to .‎ A. introduce pigeons B. prove a fact ‎ C. support an opinion D. report a study 参考答案：32-35 CABD ‎[八]‎ Around this time a few years ago, it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them. Known as the “ice bucket challenge”, it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. But now, there’s a new challenge and this time,‎ ‎ no water is involved.‎ What is it? Well, think of a fruit that you’d never normally sink your teeth into. Perhaps you’ve got it: a lemon. While we enjoy using lemons to add flavor to dishes, very few of us would actually eat one as we’d eat an apple or an orange.‎ But the horrible taste is the precise reason why the “lemon face challenge” is taking off. Participants bite into a lemon, taking a selfie as they do it before posting the photo online. The fun is all about expression people make as all that citric acid (柠檬酸) hits their taste buds (味蕾). Every expression seems to say, “This is worse than freezing water.”‎ The serious side to this trend is the good cause it’s all in aid of. The challenge aims to raise awareness of a rare brain cancer that affects young children. It was started by Aubregh Nicholas, an 11-year-old US kid. She was diagnosed with this rare brain cancer herself in September 2017, but has since raised almost $50000 to cover her medical expenses thanks to the challenge. ‎ If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and original. That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it.‎ ‎21. Why is the icy bucket challenge mentioned m the article.‎ A. to show how charity gained its popularity online.‎ B. to introduce a similar challenge that raises money for charity.‎ C. to attract people’s attention to a rare disease.‎ D. to prove its popularity around the world.‎ ‎22. Compared with the pre-Internet charity, what is the advantage of online charity?‎ A. It raises more money than ever before.‎ B. It is started by the people who suffer rare diseases.‎ C. It brings people together easily and quickly.‎ D. It causes little doubt among people.‎ ‎23. What does the underlined phrase “take off’ in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. go away suddenly B. become successful and popular C. remove your clothes D. take a break ‎24. What is the author’s attitude towards online charity?‎ A. positive B. indifferent C. negative D. ambiguous 参考答案：21-24：BCBA ‎ ‎[九]‎ As technology develops, school students who are off class may have no fear of too much absence from class. A small robot may help those children recovering from a long-term illnesses in the hospital or at home. These children may feel isolated from their friends and classmates. The robot takes their place at school. Through the robot, the children can hear their teachers and friends. They also can take part in class from wherever they are recovering.‎ Anyone who has had a long term illness knows that recovering at home can be lonely. This can be especially true of children. They may feel left out. Now these children may have a high-tech friend to feel less alone. And that friend is a robot. The robot is called AV1. AV1 goes to school for a child who is at home while recovering from a long-term illness. And the child’s school friends must help. They carry the robot between ‎ classes and place the robot on the child’s desk.‎ A Norwegian company called No isolation created the robot. The co-founders of No Isolation are Karen Dolva and Marius Aabel. Dolva explains how the robot AV1 works. She says, from home, the child uses a tablet or phone to start the robot. Then they use the same device（设备）to control the robot’s movements. At school, the robot becomes the eyes, ears and voice of the child. The child can take part in classroom activities from wherever she/he is recovering-whether at home or from a hospital bed. The robot is equipped with speakers, microphones and cameras make communicating easy.‎ ‎29. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “isolated”?‎ A. to be difficult to deal with B. to be away from C. to be unhappy or feel sorrow D. to be hopeful ‎30. What can we know about AV1?‎ A. It can go to school on its own.‎ B. It is small and looks like a kid.‎ C. It can replace children to attend classes.‎ D. It was created by Dolva and Aabel.‎ ‎31. How are the movements of AV1 controlled?‎ A. By using a tablet or phone.‎ B. By joining in classroom activities.‎ C. Through a small speaker.‎ D. Through a small camera.‎ 参考答案：29-31：CBA ‎ ‎[十]‎ The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from coming into reality in the real world.‎ ‎ Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their cars in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology may change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is managed.‎ While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers should be talking more about how self-driving cars can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient and affordable choices to move around. The arrival of driverless cars is a chance to make sure that those cars are environmentally friendly and more shared.‎ Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own their self-driving cars. They accept long, slow journeys to and from work on crowded highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride. They take their driverless car to a date and set the empty car to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(网约车)services. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless cars doesn't worsen the transportation system we have today. The coming technological development presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed ‎ to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it. ‎ ‎32.What can we learn from the first paragraph?‎ A. Self-driving cars are not allowed in the real world. ‎ B. Driverless taxies will be seen everywhere on the road in a short term.‎ C. California is not alone in testing driverless cars.‎ D. Self-driving technology will definitely benefit transportation system.‎ ‎33.According to the author, policymakers should pay more attention to __________.‎ A. how driverless cars can help deal with transportation-related problems B. how driverless cars can travel safely ‎ C. how driverless cars can travel faster ‎ D. how driverless cars can move more people ‎ ‎34.What is a possible side effect of self-driving cars?‎ A. Journeys to and from work become longer. ‎ B. More and more people abandon public transportation. ‎ C. There is no place to park them.‎ D. They may result in traffic jams. ‎ ‎35.What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Preparing Cities for Robot Cars B. Future Technology Underway C. Transportation System in the Future D. Robot Cars on the Road ‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎32-35 CABA ‎