2019届二轮复习短文改错十大解题技巧汇总课件(17张)

2019届二轮复习短文改错十大解题技巧汇总课件(17张)

2019 届二轮复习短文改错十大解题技巧汇总 2018 11 高考英语短文改错题，是命题者将中学生常犯的各种典型错误更集中、更系统地整理出来，放入一篇内容较为浅显、题材较为轻松的文章中设计而成的，它主要考查考生判断、发现、纠正语篇中语言错误的能力以及在语篇中综合、准确地运用英语能力，考生在该题的得分率较低。 综观近十年的高考短文改错题，不难看出常见的改错出题角度和思路，由此得出解题思路和技巧。 短文改错一般解题步骤 1. 通读全文，一般能找到一至二个简单错误并改正； 2. 仔细阅读全文，在原大意基础上尽量找出所有错误并改正； 3. 找到十个错误，最后确定答案。 短文改错歌 短文改错要做好， 常见类型要记牢。 名词爱考数与格， 冠词在前错多少。 连代形副错一样， 多是故意来混淆。 动词时态和语态， 非谓一致莫忘少。 介词常常考搭配， 多漏误用想周到。 句法涉及到一致， 从句多考关系词。 语法句法均未错， 逻辑推理去寻找。 语法句法加逻辑， 仔细回读敲定稿。 一、 名词爱考数与格 汉语中的名词没有单复数形式。英语则不同，如果英语的名词是可数名词，它有单复数形式。一般来讲，不可数名词没有复数式。例如： 1 、 (01 春季 )I used to love science class——biology, chemistry, geography and physics. 2 、 (NMET02) They don’t want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. 3 、 There are around one hundred woman workers in this factory. 4 、（ NMET08)I’d like to stay there for half a month,visiting place of interest or … 5 、 Do you know he is a friend of John? class--classes subject--subjects woman--women place--places John—John’s 二、冠词在前 错 多 少 冠词是英语中特有的词，由于汉语中没有与之相对应的词，大家对它的用法感到难以掌握，高考英语短文改错题对冠词的考查几乎每年都有，但多数是考查其基本用法，如不定冠词 a ， an 与定冠词 the 的 错 误使用；不可数名词泛指时前面 多 冠词；单数可数名词前 少 冠词；固定搭配中冠词的误用等等。例如： 1 、 (01 春季 )For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery. 2 、 (NMET01) We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do not seem to get much time to talk together. 3 、 (NMET02)As everyone knows, it is famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. 4 、 (NMET03) My teacher advised me to keep my diary. 去 the a same—the same famous 前加 a keep my diary—keep a diary 三、 连 代 形 副 错一样， 多是故意来混淆 根据词在句中的位置与其它词的修饰与被修饰关系，判断词的正确使用形式，根据词在句子中不同的句法功能，使用与之相适应的词性。例如： 1 、 (02 春季 )He never helped other. 2 、 (02 春季 )But he is difference now. 3 、 (08 全国 II) I have already studied English for eight years,I can’t use it very good. 4.(08 浙江） I headed for the company,feeling sure I would easy finish 300 envelops…. 5 .(08 浙江） Getting out of the classroom is indeed necessary for we all. 6 、 (01 春季 )I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand how the world works. other—others 或 other— other people difference--different I 前加 but good- well it--they easy— easily we— us 四、动词 时态 和 语态 ， 非谓 一致 莫忘 少 ： 1. 动词的时态要与时间状语或上下文的时态保持一致， 2. 谓语动词和主语要构成正确的主动关系或被动关系； 3. 谓语动词的单、复数形式要与句子的主语在人称和数上保持一致； 4. 有时还需注意从句或主句缺少谓语动词。例如： 1 、 (NMET 2001)They didn’t want me to do any work at home. They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subjects. 2 、 (2002 春季 )He said he is busy. 3 、 (01 春季 )But then there is always more mysteries to look into. 4 、 I hope all your dreams will be come true 5 、 (08 浙江） The pay were 10 cents per envelope. 6 、 ( 一中月考 )She took it out and phoned the police,telling them what the man like and … didn’t—don’t is--was is--are 去掉 be were- was 加 was 或 liked 四、动词时态和语态，非谓一致莫忘少 ( 非谓语动词形式 ） 主要考查不定式符号 to 的多余或遗漏， to 是介词还是不定式符号，现在分词与过去分词、动名词的区别，等等。例如： 1 、 (01 年春季 )But then there are always more mysteries look into. 2 、 (01 年春季 )After learn the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practical to me . 3 、 (NMET01)My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. 4 、 (02 春季 )He didn’ t want share things with other people. 5 、 (02 春季 )That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. 6 、 (NMET03)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. look 前加 to learn--learning make 前加 to want 后加 to making--made talk--talking 五、介词常常考搭配，多漏误用想周到： 这主要考查介词与动词，名词、形容词的固定搭配，副词与动词的固定搭配，及物动词后面介词或副词的多余以及不及物动词后面缺少介词，英语中的一些固定结构及习惯搭配等。例如： 1 、 (NMET02) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 2 、 (02 春季 ) For instance, on one night he played strong and loud music till four o’ clock in the morning. 3 、 The great discovery is great importance in science. 4 、 The artist is known for everyone in the town. 5 、 He failed but he wanted to try the second time. 去 at is 后加 of for--to the second time—a second time 去 on 六、句法涉及到一致，从句多考关系词： 一致关系包括主谓一致、时态一致。英语中句与句连接一般使用并列连词或从属连词，要判断句与句之间是并列、转折、选择、递进关系，还是让步关系，从而选择恰当的连词，若为复合句，首先应判断内含何种从句，然后根据主、从句之间的关系判断连接词的使用是否正确，是否有遗漏或多余现象，要注意句子结构的完整性。例如： 1 、 He said everything are ready. 3 、 (NMET2003) She liked it very much and reads it to the class. 4 、 Could you tell me something what you know in the school? 5 、 (01 春季 )I think I like those classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works. 6 、 (01 春季 )In one class, I learned it rained 7 、 (NMET 02) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. reads--read are- was What - that 或去掉 what--how it 前加 why we 前加 when 七、语法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找： 注意各种逻辑结构，如： 1. 平行结构（指两个或更多的具有相似或相同的句法功能的词、词组或从句并列在一起的结构，表达相互平行的概念时），如： and, but, or 或连词词组 not only…but also…,not.. but, either…or…,neither…nor…,as well as 等； 2. 承接关系； 3. 因果关系； 4. 对比关系，等等；同时注意语义逻辑一致性。例如： 1 、 (NMET2002)As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 2 、 (NMET2003) I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 3 、 (NMET95) I’ll return to …,Uncle Ben will also go back for Christmas. 2 、 (NMET01) What things are in other homes, I wonder. visiting--visited 去掉 Should go--come What--How 七、 语法句法加逻辑 , 仔细回读敲定稿。 语法 是指时态，语态，主谓一致等； 句法 是指有关从句连接词，从句语序等等； 逻辑 是指语义混乱（主要是语义反了）。 短文改错歌 短文改错要做好， 常见类型要记牢。 名词爱考数与格， 冠词在前错多少。 连代形副错一样， 多是故意来混淆。 动词时态和语态， 非谓一致莫忘少。 介词常常考搭配， 多漏误用想周到。 句法涉及到一致， 从句多考关系词。 语法句法均未错， 逻辑推理去寻找。 语法句法加逻辑， 仔细回读敲定稿。 短文改错例 I ： Have you ever heard Angel Falls? 　 1 、 　　　 It is a highest waterfall in the world, deep in the jungles 2 、 　　　 of Venezuela. Few has ever seen Angel Falls.3 、 　　　 That is very hard to get there. If you went 　 4 、 　　　 in land, you would have to travel for weeks through 　　　　 5 、 　　　 thick jungles. If you went by plane, it would take about 　　 6 、 　　　 four hours. No one knew about this high waterfall since 1930. 7 、 　　　 In that year, James Angel, American pilot, flew over the area. 8 、 　　　 Suddenly he saw a waterfall, that seemed 　 9 、 　　　 to drop straight out of from the clouds. 　　 10 、 　　　 heard –heard of a--the has--have That--It in land--by land 正确 since--until an American that-- which 去掉 from 短文改错例 II . Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit 1, to a American family. They live in a small town. 2, It was very kind for them to meet me at the 3, railway station and drove me to their home. 4, The Smiths did his best to make me feel 5, at home. They offered me coffee and other drinks. 6, We have a good time talking and laughing 7, together. They eager to know everything about 8, China and asked me lots of question. In fact, 9, they are planning to visit China in the next year. 10, 去掉 time a--an for--of drove--drive his--their 正确 have--had eager 前加 were question 加 s 去掉 in 短文改错例 III . The journey was long and tired. We left London at five o’clock 1, in the evening and spent eight hours on the train. 2, We had been traveling for three hours after someone appeared selling 3, food or drinks. It was darkness all the time we were 4, crossing Wales so we could see nothing across the windows. When 5, we finally arrive nearly everyone was sleeping. 6, As soon as a train stopped everyone came to life, grabbing( 抓 )7, suitcases and rushing onto the platform. 8, While we were getting off the train it was an announcement 9, that the boat had not arrived already from Ireland and there 10, had been a delay, when the boat finally came we had been waiting for over two hours. tired--tiring on--in after--before darkness--dark across--through arrive--arrived 正确 it--there a--the already--yet