【英语】安徽省皖西南联盟2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

【英语】安徽省皖西南联盟2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

安徽省皖西南联盟2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试 英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Famous Scientists Scientific discoveries over the centuries have helped shape the way we live today. Without pioneering scientists working towards cures for diseases, new inventions, and better ways to do things, life today would be different. Here are some of the most famous scientists, who have made important contributions to our everyday lives.‎ Hippocrates Nationality: Greek Known for: Father of Medicine He was credited with writing the Hippocratic Oath that today’s medical professionals still follow in their practice. He had the theory of the vapors, which stated that many diseases were the result of a bad diet.‎ Aristotle Nationality: Greek Known for: Theory of Three Psyches, Scientific Method He wrote about many scientific topics, including biology, physics and zoology. His ideas helped shape western scientific thoughts into the Renaissance until they were replaced with Newtonian physics.‎ Archimedes Nationality: Greek Known for: Archimedes Principle, Archimedes Screw He was an astronomer, a scientist, and a physicist with several inventions to his name. He created a formula (公式) to calculate the area of the underside of a parabola (抛物线). He also designed many ancient machines.‎ Galen Nationality: Roman Known for: Father of Medicine Galen was best known as Galen of Pergamon. He was a famous philosopher and surgeon among the Romans. His works contributed greatly to the knowledge of pharmacology (药物学), logic and philosophy.‎ ‎1. Which Greek scientist contributed much to medicine?‎ A. Galen. B. Aristotle.‎ C. Archimedes. D. Hippocrates.‎ ‎2. What was Aristotle’s achievement?‎ A. He influenced western scientific thoughts.‎ B. He designed lots of ancient machines.‎ C. He invented many chemicals.‎ D. He produced the theory of the vapors.‎ ‎3. What did these scientists have in common?‎ A. Having good luck in the field of science.‎ B. Making important contributions to science.‎ C. Writing many poems about science.‎ D. Experiencing many difficulties.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了对人类科学作出了重大贡献的4位著名的科学家。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据对科学家Hippocrates的介绍中“Nationality: Greek”和“Known for: Father of Medicine”可知，希腊科学家Hippocrates被称为医学之父。由此可知，他对医学的贡献非常大。故选D项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据对科学家Aristotle的介绍中“His ideas helped shape western scientific thoughts into the Renaissance until they were replaced with Newtonian physics.”可知，Aristotle的思想帮助西方科学思想进入了文艺复兴时期，直到它们被牛顿物理学所取代。此处shape ‎ 作动词，意为“影响，塑造”，与influence同义。选项A是对文章中这一句的同义解释。故选A项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are some of the most famous scientists, who have made important contributions to our everyday lives.”可知，这里有一些最著名的科学家，他们对我们的日常生活做出了重要的贡献。接下来文章介绍了四位科学家在不同领域的贡献，因此他们的共同点是：他们都对科学做出了重要贡献。故选B项。‎ B China will have the most 5G connections of any nation by 2025, according to a new study, while Europe will fall behind Korea, the United States and Japan in terms of 5G penetration (渗透) by that year.‎ ‎5G is the fifth generation of network technology. It is expected to bring unbelievable speeds to Internet users, with some operations running 10 times faster than on 4G networks. 5G is also expected to unlock the potential in a lot of new services, including artificial intelligence, science of robots, self-driving cars, and the Internet of things.‎ The GSMA said that China’s three major mobile operators — China Unicom, China Mobile, and China Telecom—are already moving ahead with 5G networks. While most nations will have 5G by updating existing foundations, the study noted that China plans to build part of its 5G networks.‎ A One of the major distinguishing factors between Chinese mobile operators and those in the rest of the world is the intention to erect the new and independent 5G networks. That is, China is determined to build a completely advanced 5G. The high cost underlines China’s seriousness about paying whatever it takes.‎ Korea will lead the world in terms of 5G penetration in 2025, when 66 percent of the nation’s total connections will be 5G, according to GSMA. This compares to 50 percent in the US,49 percent in Japan, 36 percent in China, 30 percent in Europe, and a global average of 18 percent. Out of the five economies leading on 5G, Europe will have the lowest participation in 2025, as the area is moving more slowly in having its 5G networks.‎ ‎4. What will 5G bring?‎ A. A completely new pattern for daily life.‎ B. Excellent networks and national safety.‎ C. Amazing speeds for public transportation.‎ D. Realizing the potential in many new services.‎ ‎5. What is the future of 5G in China?‎ A. It will develop rapidly. ‎ B. It may be lack of government support.‎ C. It will move forward slowly. ‎ D. It may fall behind Europe.‎ ‎6. Which of the following best explains “erect” underlined in paragraph 4?‎ A. bring up. B. set up.‎ C. turn up. D. pick up.‎ ‎7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Some Chinese will use 5G in 2025.‎ B. Koreans cannot own 5G in 2025.‎ C. Only five countries will have 5G in 2025.‎ D. Europe will pay little attention to 5G in 2025.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇新闻报道。根据一项新的研究，到2025年，中国将拥有世界上最多的5G网络连接。 5G有望在许多新的服务领域中发挥潜力。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段“5G is also expected to unlock the potential in a lot of new services, including artificial intelligence, science of robots, self-driving cars, and the Internet of things.(5G也有望在许多新服务领域释放潜力，包括人工智能、机器人科学、自动驾驶汽车和物联网)”可知，5G将在很多新的服务领域实现了它的潜力。故选D项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第4段“The high cost underlines China’s seriousness about paying whatever it takes.”可知，高昂的成本凸显了中国不惜一切代价的严肃态度。再根据第五段中“36 percent in China”，到2025年中国5G渗透率将达到36%。由此推测，在未来中国5G的发展将会很迅速。故选A项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第4段中划线词erect后面的一句“That is, China is determined to build a completely advanced 5G.”可知，也就是说，中国决心建设一个完全先进的5G。that is意思为“也就是说”，该句是对前一句的解释，因此可以推测erect与该句中的build同义，意为“建立，建设。”故选B项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第5段中的数据“Korea will lead the world in terms of 5G penetration in 2025, when 66 percent of the nation’s total connections will be 5G,50 percent in the US, 49 percent in Japan, 36 percent in China, 30 percent in Europe, and a global average of 18 percent.”可知，到2025年韩国5G渗透率最高，为66%，欧洲5G渗透率为30%，全球平均渗透率为18%。因为到2025年中国5G的渗透率为36%，到时候有一些中国人可以使用5G网络。故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】阅读理解中词义猜测技巧之一：根据下定义、定语从句、同位语或破折号对所修饰的词的解释说明来猜测生词的词义。‎ 如：（1）Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar, and reindeer with surprising sauces .‎ 分析：通过whose引导的定语从句，可以推测The Pines是一家餐馆的名字。‎ ‎（2）This terrible tornado — a wind which went round and round as fast as 500 miles an hour and picked up everything in its path, such as large trees, cars and even houses.‎ 分析：破折号后面的内容是对tornado下定义，可以猜测出tornado意思是“龙卷风”。‎ ‎(3)We are on the night shift — from midnight to 8 am — this week.‎ 分析：根据两个破折号之间的内容from midnight to 8 am，可以猜测night shift意思是“夜班”。‎ 如本题第3小题，根据划线词erect后的一句“That is, China is determined to build a completely advanced 5G.”，that is意思为“也就是说”，该句是对前一句的解释，因此可以推测erect意为“建立，建设。”‎ C Parents can begin good organization (条理) habits with preschool-age kids. Experts recommend asking them to do small, simple actions on a regular basis with the help of parents. Maybe they open their bags and bring their lunch bag to the kitchen, or take their shoes off at the ‎ door and put them in a nearby closet. These won’t save parents much time, but they will help develop good habits.‎ When kids enter primary school, they should be ready for more responsibility. This is the time to teach them about daily routines, and help them take control over theirs. Parents and children might sit down together and make a list of everything that needs to be done to get out of the house in the morning, or get ready for bed at night. Together, parents should figure out how long each activity takes, and when is the best time to do them. Some of the kids might want to get their bags ready and pick out their clothes the night before.‎ It’s also wise to create a firm schedule for homework. When do kids do their homework? How long do they need? Where do they do it? Where will the homework go once it is done? Figure them out and stick to the schedule as much as possible.‎ Parents should print up these task lists and help kids finish them step by step. Kids might even check them off each morning or evening. Also, make sure there are clocks in the rooms in which these tasks will take place. Time management is an important part of learning organization, but it can’t be done if kids don’t know what time it is.‎ Organization gives kids the chance to make it possible to focus on a task and complete it. Kids tend to be more motivated to learn organization skills if they see organization as a challenge to overcome, rather than a fault to repair.‎ ‎8. Why are kids advised to do small and simple actions?‎ A. To save parents’ time.‎ B. To join a school organization.‎ C. To form a good relationship with others.‎ D. To help kids form good habits.‎ ‎9. What should parents do to help kids develop organization skills?‎ A. Offer some suggestions only.‎ B. Finish the daily tasks for kids.‎ C Assist kids in finishing the daily tasks.‎ D. Let the kid finish the daily tasks alone.‎ ‎10. What does the author think of organization for kids?‎ A. It is a fault to repair. B. It is nothing special.‎ C. It is easy to achieve. D. It is a helpful skill.‎ ‎11. What is the main idea of the text?‎ A. Assisting parents with a good parent-child relationship.‎ B. Parents should spend more time with kids.‎ C. Giving advice on developing kids’ good organization habits.‎ D. Parents should make kids more independent.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是议论文。文章关于如何培养孩子的做事有条理的习惯，给家长提出了一些建议。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段“These won’t save parents much time, but they will help develop good habits.”可知，这些不会节省父母很多时间，但会帮助他们养成好习惯。由此可知，专家建议学龄前的孩子在家长的帮助下，做一些小的、简单的事情， 因为这样有助于孩子养成良好的习惯。故选D 项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第3段“ to create a firm schedule for homework”和第4段“Parents should print up these task lists and help kids finish them step by step.”可知，当孩子进入小学时，父母为孩子制订一个严格的时间表，并将任务表打印出来，帮助孩子一步一步地完成。由此可知，父母帮助孩子完成日常任务，帮助孩子发展组织能力。故选C项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第5段“Organization gives kids the chance to make it possible to focus on a task and complete it.”可知，做事有条理给孩子们机会使他们能够专注于一项任务并将其完成。由此可知，作者认为做事有条理对孩子来说，是一项有用的技能。故选D项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第1段建议学龄前儿童从小的、简单的事情做起；第2段建议家长教育孩子关于日常事务的安排；第3、4段是在孩子们上小学后，父母可以制定一个严格的家庭作业时间表，建议家长将任务表打印出，并逐步帮助孩子完成任务。由此可知，文章主要关于如何培养孩子的做事有条理的习惯，并给家长提出了一些建议。故选C项。‎ D Global warming is the increase of the earth’s average surface temperature due to the effect of ‎ greenhouse gases, for example, carbon dioxide, which trap heat that would otherwise escape from the earth. After the trees are cut down and more greenhouse gases are released, the “blanket” around the earth called the ozone layer (臭氧层), will get thicker. This catches more heat and makes the earth hotter. Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it’s never too late or too early for children to take action.‎ The children should learn what a carbon footprint is. A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon and greenhouse gases people make as they lead the daily life and go about the normal activities. In other words, the carbon footprint is a measure of the environmental impact (冲击) the life has. To live an environmentally friendly life that doesn’t contribute to global warming, people want to have the smallest carbon footprint possible.‎ Almost everything people do contributes to global warming and is related to fossil fuel consumption. These can be direct uses of fossil fuels, like riding in a gasoline-powered car, or indicrect contributions to greenhouse gases, such as eating fruits or vegetables that had to be shipped from far way to reach their tables.‎ If a child wants to make a contribution to reducing global warming, he should ride a bicycle to the near park, school, his friend’s house, or anywhere else instead of taking the car. Or he may try to walk or jog, which is also helpful. In addition, although trains and buses often run on fossil fuels, on average, each person uses less energy and produces less pollution to run. Next time if children with their parents have to get around town or it’s too far to walk or bike, take the bus or other public transportation instead of asking for a ride.‎ ‎12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A. A brief description of carbon footprint B. The serious water pollution.‎ C. The protection of ozone layer.‎ D. The causes of global warming ‎13. Which of the following can describe the carbon footprint?‎ A. Useless. B. Expensive.‎ C. Helpful. D. Attractive.‎ ‎14. What can kids do if they want to help reduce global warming?‎ A. Go to the near park by bus.‎ B. Walk or cycle as much as possible.‎ C. Keep staying at home or school.‎ D. Go around the town with parents by car.‎ ‎15. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. What Can People Do to Use Less Energy?‎ B. How Can Kids Help Reduce Global Warming?‎ C. How Does Carbon Footprints Measure Pollution?‎ D. Why Global Warming Affects Humans’ Life?‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是议论文。文章提出，全球在变暖， 每个人都可以做很多事情来帮助减少全球变暖的影响，孩子也可以做到。要减少全球变暖，就要尽可能地减少碳足迹，通过不吃从很远的地方运来的水果蔬菜、骑车、步行或乘坐公共交通，孩子也能为减少全球变暖做出贡献。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第1段“Global warming is the increase of the earth’s average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases”可知，作者一开始提出：全球变暖是由于温室气体的影响而导致地球平均表面温度的升高；接下来举例说明，如果树木被砍伐，地球臭氧层会变厚，地球温度会升高。因此该段是说明全球变暖的原因。故选D项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段“In other words, the carbon footprint is a measure of the environmental impact (冲击) the life has. To live an environmentally friendly life that doesn’t contribute to global warming, people want to have the smallest carbon footprint possible.”可知，换句话说，碳足迹是衡量生活对环境影响的一个指标。为了过一种不造成全球变暖的环保生活，人们希望尽可能减少碳足迹。由此可知，碳足迹可以帮助衡量我们的生活方式是否环保。故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段“If a child wants to make a contribution to reducing global warming, he should ride a bicycle to the near park, school, his friend’s house, or anywhere else instead of taking the car.”‎ 可知，如果一个孩子想为减少全球变暖做出贡献，他应该骑自行车去附近的公园、学校、朋友家或其他任何地方，而不是坐车。由此可知，如果孩子们想帮助减少全球变暖，他们会尽可能多走路或骑自行车。故选B项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章在第一段最后一句“Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it’s never too late or too early for children to take action.”可知，幸运的是，地球上的每个公民都可以做很多事情来帮助减少全球变暖的影响，孩子们采取行动永远都不会太迟或太早。以及下文主要围绕孩子可以做哪些事情来减少全球变暖的影响。由此可知，How Can Kids Help Reduce Global Warming?(孩子们如何帮助减少全球变暖？)适合做本文标题。故选B项。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Do basic first Aid Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies. ____16____.‎ Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. ____17____. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.‎ ‎____18____. You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face pointing upwards to open up their airways.‎ Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. ____19____. And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.‎ Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothing, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm. ____20____‎ A. Instead, try to cool him B. Remember to stay calm C. Perform first aid immediately D. Here are some tips for first aid E. It is important to take the correct chest compressions F. In the center of the chest, put your two hands together first G. If a person is in a state similar to sleep, he may need checking for breath ‎【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍“如何进行基本的急救”。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据空格前的内容“基本急救是指对因窒息、心脏病、药物或其他医疗紧急情况而受伤或生病的人提供的临时帮助。”再根据下文所讲述的是都是急救的方法。承接上句和下文，由此推知，D项Here are some tips for first aid（这里有一些急救的小窍门）切题。故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“照顾刚遭受严重伤害的人，包括身体治疗和精神支持。”再根据空格下句“让那个人知道帮助就在路上，一切都会好起来的。”承接上下文，B项Remember to stay calm（记住要保持冷静）切题。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据下文提示“你最好听听空气进出的声音，并用脸的一侧去感受空气。”承接下文，G项 If a person is in a state similar to sleep, he may need checking for breath（如果一个人处于类似睡眠的状态，他可能需要检查呼吸）切题。故选G。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空格下句“然后以每分钟100次的速度按压胸部约2英寸。”承接下文，F项In the center of the chest, put your two hands together first（在胸部中间，先把双手放在一起）切题。下文中的then将上下句联系在一起。故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“但是，如果这个人中暑了，不要盖住他或让他保持温暖。”承接上文，A项 Instead, try to cool him（相反，试着让他冷静下来）切题。该项中的Instead表示转折关系，故选A。‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ That day, John’s family decided to move to their new home. The Jeep was packed and the family was ready for a(n) ____21____ day. All piled into the car, ____22____ their father and six-year-old John. John’s father, Alvin, ____23____ the engine, and the family ____24____ toward their new home. Alvin drove for miles before they needed more supplies. Then they ____25____ at the nearest supermarket Walmart.‎ Upon driving into the parking lot, they began to ____26____ for a parking space. The lot was unusually ____27____, with many cars, shopping carts (购物车), flashing lights and busy people. John felt surrounded by ____28____. Eventually, after ____29____ the parking lot many times, Alvin found a(n) _____30_____ parking space for their car, and still large enough.‎ Alvin was about to pull in when a strange car _____31_____ pulled into the empty spot. To the family’s _____32_____, the driver who had been driving got out of his car and rushed towards Walmart. Alvin _____33_____ jumped out of his car and ran after him, calling, “Hey, hey! Wait!” When Alvin caught the man, he asked, “Don’t you think that we can both _____34_____ it?” The man was surprised and said, “Um, yes, I suppose we could.” They returned to the parking space and _____35_____ their cars slightly so that they could both park there.‎ That _____36_____ John very much. He’d thought that his father would be angry, or even beat the stranger up. However, the whole incident ended _____37_____ and they went into the supermarket and bought what they needed.‎ Alvin’s reaction was pleasantly unexpected. John was moved by his _____38_____ father, realizing that the correct thing to do wasn’t what he had _____39_____ to happen. It made a strong impression on him. _____40_____ is more important than self-righteousness (自以为是的正义).‎ ‎21. A. obvious B. anxious C. tiring D. working ‎22. A. following B. helping C. calling D. including ‎23. A. witnessed B. repaired C. started D. changed ‎24. A. put back B. broke off C. set off D. set up ‎25. A. stopped B. lived C. played D. sailed ‎26. A. apply B. hunt C. pay D. stand ‎27. A. abnormal B. crowded C. quiet D. clean ‎28. A. advertisements B. warmth C. music D. noise ‎29. A. appreciating B. describing C. visiting D. circling ‎30. A. empty B. small C. dark D. cheap ‎31. A. pleasantly B. suddenly C. easily D. eventually ‎32. A. comfort B. excitement C. satisfaction D. anger ‎33. A. optimistically B. happily C. swiftly D. carefully ‎34. A. quit B. buy C. share D. leave ‎35. A. moved B. approached C. examined D. sold ‎36. A. requested B. impressed C. informed D. congratulated ‎37. A. sadly B. naturally C. peacefully D. violently ‎38. A. generous B. awkward C. energetic D. aggressive ‎39. A. allowed B. expected C. forbidden D. encouraged ‎40. A. Kindness B. Curiosity C. Justice D. Judgment ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. A ‎【分析】‎ 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了John的父亲在停车场，好不容易找到一个空车位，一个陌生人却抢先把车停了进去。John以为父亲会很生气，甚至会动手打那个人，但是父亲只是和那个人商量能否一起共用那个车位。最终事情得到了解决。从父亲处理这件事的方式上，John懂得了应该与人为善。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吉普车上都挤满了人，全家人都准备好了开始劳累的一天。A. obvious明显的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. tiring劳累的；D. working工作的。根据move to their new home可知，他们要搬家，应该会是很累人的。故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有人都挤进了车里，包括他们的父亲和六岁的John。A.‎ ‎ following跟随；B. helping帮助；C. calling打电话；D. including包括。既然是“家里所有人”，应该包括他们的父亲和John在内。故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：John的父亲Alvin启动了引擎，一家人朝他们的新家出发了。A. witnessed亲眼目睹；B. repaired修理；C. started开始，启动；D. changed改变。Alvin把车开动了。故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：John的父亲Alvin启动了引擎，一家人朝他们的新家出发了。A. put back放回原处；B. broke off突然停止，暂停；C. set off出发；D. set up建立。他们搬家，应该是向新家出发。故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们停在最近的一家沃尔玛超市。A. stopped停下来；B. lived生活；C. played玩；D. sailed航行。他们需要到超市买东西，于是将车停下来。故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 一进停车场，他们就开始寻找停车位。A. apply (for)申请；B. hunt (for)寻找；C. pay (for)付款；D. stand (for)代表。此处考查介词for相关的动词短语辨析。根据下文with many cars, shopping carts可知，停车场车很多，于是他们就找停车位。故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：停车场异常拥挤，有许多汽车、购物车、闪烁的灯光和忙碌的人们。A. abnormal不正常的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. quiet安静的；D. clean干净的。根据with many cars, shopping carts (购物车), flashing lights and busy people可知，停车场车多人多，很拥挤。 故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：John感到周围吵闹声一片。 A. advertisements广告；B. warmth温暖；C. music音乐；D. noise噪音。停车场有很多车，还有忙忙碌碌人群，以及车灯不停地闪烁，应该是很吵闹。故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，在绕着停车场转了很多圈之后，Alvin 找到了一个空的停车位，而且仍然足够大。A. appreciating欣赏；B. describing描写；C. visiting参观；D. circling围绕。他们找停车位不容易，在停车场转来转去才找到一个停车位。故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，在绕着停车场转了很多圈之后，Alvin找到了一个空的停车位，而且仍然足够大。A. empty空的；B. small小的；C. dark黑暗的；D. cheap便宜的。从下文the empty spot可知，他找到了一个空的车位，而且还足够大。 故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：阿尔文正准备将车开进去，这时一辆陌生的汽车突然停在了那片空地上。A. pleasantly愉快地；B. suddenly突然；C. easily容易地；D. eventually最终。Alvin没想到另一辆车会突然开进那个车位。故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让一家人生气的是，当时正在开车的司机下了车就冲向沃尔玛。A. comfort 安慰；B. excitement兴奋；C. satisfaction满意；D. anger生气。那个陌生人抢了他们的车位，然后就径自走了，当然会让这家人不高兴。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Alvin飞快地跳下车，跟在他后面跑，喊道：“嘿，嘿！等等！”A. optimistically乐观地；B. happily高兴地；C. swiftly迅速地；D. carefully小心地。上文提到那个陌生人rushed towards Walmart可知，要追上那个人，Alvin必须很迅速。故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alvin追上那个人后，他问：“难道你不认为我们能分享这个车位吗？”A. quit放弃；B. buy买；C. share分享；D. leave离开。根据上文and still large enough和下文they could both park there可知, Alvin觉得那个空车位很大，他想和那个人共用那个车位。故选C项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们回到停车位，稍微把车挪动，以便他们都能停在那里。A. moved移动；B. approached接近；C. examined检查；D. sold出售。那个人要把车挪动，Alvin的车才能开进去停在车位上。故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件事让约翰印象深刻。 A. requested请求；B. impressed 留下印象；C. informed告知；D. congratulated祝贺。此处impress和下文made a strong impression on是同词根的派生词复现。故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意： 然而，整个事件和平地结束了，他们走进超市买了他们需要的东西。A. sadly伤心地；B. naturally自然地；C. peacefully和平地；D. violently暴力地。那个陌生人接受了Alvin的建议，让事情得到解决，并没有像John想的那样打那个陌生人。故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：John被他慷慨的父亲感动了，他意识到正确的做法并不是他所期望的那样。A. generous慷慨大度的；B. awkward笨拙的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. aggressive侵略性的，好斗的。John的父亲先找到的空车位，结果那个人却抢先把车停进去；按常理他父亲会很生气，但是实际上没有。从这里可以看出John觉得他父亲很宽宏大量。故选A项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：John被他慷慨的父亲感动了，他意识到正确的做法并不是他所期望的那样。 A. allowed允许；B. expected预料；C. forbidden禁止；D. encouraged鼓励。上文提到“He’d thought that his father would be angry, or even beat the stranger up”John原以为他父亲会生气，甚至会痛打那个人一顿。但是结果与他预料的不一样。故选B项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良比自以为是更重要。A. Kindness善良；B. Curiosity好奇；C. Justice正义；D. Judgment判断。从父亲处理这件事的方式中，John懂得了应该与人为善。故选A项。‎ 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ A college student who shows great courage in fighting severe kidney (肾脏) disease while following his dreams in scientific____41____(invent) has inspired many people. ‎ Zou Yongsong, 27, is a student at Changsha University of Science &Technology in Changsha, Hunan Province. At ___42___age of four, Zou caught a high fever, and poor medical treatment in the village left his kidneys____43____(serious) damaged. Since then he has suffered kidney problems and has had to take medicine daily____44____ (fight) the disease. ‎ Though he suffered the pain____45____(bring) by the disease, he didn't give up attending school. After years of hard work, Zou____46____(admit) to Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology. In 2017 his condition became____47____(bad) and he had to receive dialysis (透析) treatment. However, the physical suffering did not stop him____48____(dream) of a career in science. Even during his stay in hospital, he insisted____49____working on patent (专利权) applications. Over the last two years, six of his patents and copyrights have been approved. ‎ ‎______50______he shows courage and optimism when facing difficulty and misfortune, Zou was awarded the Touching Hunan award in November.‎ ‎【答案】41. invention 42. the 43. seriously 44. to fight 45. brought 46. was admitted 47. worse 48. dreaming 49. on 50. For/Because/Since/As ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罹患严重肾病，但是仍然坚持学习、科研的坚强大学生邹勇松的故事。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，应用名词作宾语，且此处表示发明创造的行为。故填invention。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查冠词。 at the age of“在……岁时”为固定用法。故填the。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，修饰过去分词 damaged，应使用副词。故填seriously。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to fight。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，且the pain和bring之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且Zou与admit 之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填was admitted。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示“他的情况变得更差”，含有比较的意思。故填worse。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。此处是stop sb. (from) doing sth，表示“阻止某人做某事”。故填dreaming。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查介词。insist on“坚持”为固定用法。故填on。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查连词。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，逗号前后为因果关系，空处引出原因，且空后为句子。故填For/ Because/Since/ As。‎ ‎【点睛】提示词为形容词时,主要考查将形容词转换为副词或名词或形容词的比较级、最高级。(1)如果空处在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，就用副词形式；(2)如果空处在句中作主语或宾语,就用名词形式；(3)如果句中有比较级或最高级的标志词，就用形容词的比较级或最高级。第3小题考查的是副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，修饰过去分词 damaged，应使用副词。故填seriously。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。‎ 注意：1 每处错误及其修改仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Last Friday I took the subway home as usually. Since our physics teacher had just teach us in class that the escalator（自动扶梯） worked, I decided to see how fast the escalator went. To my surprise, it went a speed of about 40 m/min. The next day, I went to a department store with her cousin Emily. I times the escalator here too. I found that it was much slower, going about 30 meter every minute. Why? I check on the Internet and found the reason. Stores slow down escalators on ‎ a purpose, allowing customers more time to looking at their products.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在物理课堂上学了自动扶梯的工作原理后，回家乘地铁时测了扶梯的速度是每分钟40米，而在百货公司乘自动扶梯时慢得多。查得原因是商店为了吸引顾客而故意放慢自动扶梯的速度。‎ ‎【详解】1. 考查固定短语。句意：上周五我和往常一样乘地铁回家。as usual意为“像往常一样”，故将usually改为usual。‎ ‎2. 考查时态。句意：因为我们的物理老师刚刚在课堂上教我们自动扶梯的工作原理，所以我决定看看扶梯走得有多快。由decided知后半句使用过去时态，分析动作的先后顺序知，since 从句中的teach的动作发生在decided之前，即过去的过去，要用过去完成时。故将teach改为taught。‎ ‎3. 考查副词。由后半句“how fast the escalator went”，可推理得知是在物理课上学习了扶梯是如何运作的，故将that改为how。‎ ‎4. 考查固定短语。at a speed of意为“以…的速度”，是固定表达，故在went和 a之间加at。‎ ‎5. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：第二天，我和我的表妹艾米丽去了一家百货公司。全文并未提到她，推理知这是我的表妹，故将her改为my。‎ ‎6. 考查副词。here意为“这儿”，there意为“那儿”。该句描述的发生在过去的事情，所以该处应表示“我也测量了那里的扶梯速度”。故将here改为there。‎ ‎7. 考查名词复数。米是长度单位，是可数名词，30米为复数概念，故将meter改为meters。‎ ‎8. 考查时态。由上下文可知，该句描述的是过去的情况，该句应用一般过去时态。故将check改为checked。‎ ‎9. 考查固定短语。on purpose意为“故意地”，是固定表达，故a多余，故将a去掉。‎ ‎10. 考查固定短语。句意：商店故意放慢自动扶梯的速度，让顾客有更多的时间看他们的产品。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，故将looking改为look。‎ ‎【点睛】同学们必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。‎ ‎（1）多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。如第9小题考察固定短语，on purpose意为“故意地”，是固定表达，故a多余，应去掉。‎ ‎（2）少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。如第4小题，考查固定短语。at a speed of意为“以…的速度”，是固定表达，故在went和 a之间加at。‎ ‎（3）错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。如第8小题，考查时态，由上下文可知，该句描述的是过去的情况，该句应用一般过去时态。故将check改为checked。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Betty最近在学习汉语，她给你发来一封邮件，询问如何提高汉语口语水平。请给她回一封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 提出建议（至少两点）；‎ ‎2. 表达祝愿。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Betty,‎ I am more than delighted to know you have been learning Chinese recently. I would like to offer you some advice on how to improve your spoken Chinese.‎ As far as I’m concerned, you can listen to some Chinese radio programs to improve your pronunciation. You can also join a Chinese learning club, where you can practice spoken Chinese with other members. Besides, you can choose to watch Chinese TV programs on the Internet, which will help you better understand Chinese culture, thus benefiting your Chinese learning.‎ I wish you great pleasure in learning Chinese And I’d be glad to help you learn Chinese.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，向朋友提出有关如何提高汉语口语水平的建议并表达祝愿。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。‎ 结构：总分法。总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1. 表示很高兴得知朋友在学习汉语，并表示愿意提出建议；2. 提出一些如何学好汉语口语的建议（例如：收听中文电台节目；加入学中文俱乐部）；3.表达祝愿。‎ 第二步: 列提纲 （重点词组）‎ be more than delighted to; offer some advice on; spoken Chinese; Chinese radio programs; pronunciation; join a club; watch TV programs; on the Internet; benefit learning; pleasure; be glad to 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I am more than delighted to know you have been learning Chinese recently.‎ ‎2. I would like to offer you some advice on how to improve your spoken Chinese.‎ ‎3. You can also join a Chinese learning club, where you can practice spoken Chinese with other members.‎ ‎4. You can choose to watch Chinese TV programs on the Internet, which will help you better understand Chinese culture, thus benefiting your Chinese learning.‎ ‎5. I wish you great pleasure in learning Chinese.‎ ‎6. I’d be glad to help you learn Chinese 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：You can also join a Chinese learning club, where you can practice spoken Chinese with other members.这句话运用了where引导的状语从句；使用了一些固定词组，如be delighted to; offer some advice on; be glad to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎