【英语】山东省潍坊高密市2020届高三模拟试题（二）（解析版）

【英语】山东省潍坊高密市2020届高三模拟试题（二）（解析版）

山东省潍坊高密市2020届高三模拟试题（二）‎ 英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A Many college students want to look for seasonal, short-term or part-time jobs to get extra cash, to stay busy or to get working experience.‎ Lifeguard The job is a great opportunity to build your fitness, keep people safe and be outdoors to enjoy some fun on the beach in the sun. The average hourly wage for lifeguards is $ 9.31, but those with certifications or previous experience may be able to earn a bit more.‎ Nanny (保姆)‎ Students can find plenty of positions as parents scramble (争抢) to arrange activities and find care for their children. Students who enjoy spending time with kids, staying active and being outdoors can spend their leisure time making money without even feeling like they’re working. Nannies make $ 14.56 per hour.‎ Camp Consultant Students who enjoy spending their time with children, being a leader and monitoring fun outdoor activities are perfect for camp consultant positions. The average hourly wage for camp consultants is $9.28, but those with many years’ experience or specific academic backgrounds may be able to earn more.‎ Food Server Although it may not seem like the most attractive way to spend a weekend, working as wait staff allows students to build up their social skills, stay active, enjoy free meals at work and posily educate themselves about different cuisines. However, food servers need to be on their feet for hours at a time and must be able to multi-task like professionals, so take this into account before submitting an application. The average salary is $ 9.00 hourly, but trips can raise that number.‎ ‎1. Who are the two jobs nanny and camp consultant most fit for?‎ A. Students who want to develop their social skills.‎ B. Students who love staying with children.‎ C. Students who love traveling.‎ D. Students who love camping.‎ ‎2. What should you take into consideration before applying to be a food server?‎ A. The way of cooking.‎ B. The food you can enjoy.‎ C. Long standing time at work.‎ D. Skill in getting tips from customers.‎ ‎3. What job can you do if you’re good at swimming?‎ A. A lifeguard. B. A nanny.‎ C. A camp consultant D. A food server.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。许多大学生想找季节性的、短期的或兼职的工作，以获得额外的现金、保持忙碌或获得工作经验。文章介绍了几个适合大学生的工作。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Nanny (保姆)部分中的Students who enjoy spending time with kids, staying active and being outdoors can spend their leisure time making money without even feeling like they’re working. (那些喜欢花时间和孩子们在一起，保持活跃和户外活动的学生可以在业余时间赚钱，甚至感觉不到他们在工作)和Camp Consultant部分中的Students who enjoy spending their time with children, being a leader and monitoring fun outdoor activities are perfect for camp consultant positions. (那些喜欢花时间和孩子们在一起、成为领导者、监督有趣的户外活动的学生是夏令营顾问职位的最佳人选)可知，喜欢和孩子呆在一起的学生最适合做保姆和夏令营顾问这两份工作。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Food Server部分中的However, food servers need to be on their feet for hours at a time and must be able to multi-task like professionals, so take this into account before submitting an ‎ application.(然而，食品服务员需要一次站几个小时，并且必须能够像专业人员一样同时处理多项任务，所以在提交申请之前要考虑到这一点)可知，在申请成为一名食品服务员之前，你应该考虑需要长时间的站着工作。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Lifeguard部分中的The job is a great opportunity to build your fitness, keep people safe and be outdoors to enjoy some fun on the beach in the sun. (这份工作是锻炼身体、保证人身安全、享受阳光沙滩乐趣的好机会)可知，如果你擅长游泳，你可以做一名救生员。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】做阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。如第2小题，What should you take into consideration before applying to be a food server?要求判断出在申请成为一名食品服务员之前，你应该考虑什么。根据Food Server部分中的However, food servers need to be on their feet for hours at a time and must be able to multi-task like professionals, so take this into account before submitting an application.(然而，食品服务员需要一次站几个小时，并且必须能够像专业人员一样同时处理多项任务，所以在提交申请之前要考虑到这一点)可知，在申请成为一名食品服务员之前，你应该考虑需要长时间的站着工作。故选C。‎ B Connie Monroe clicks a button, flicks her wrist and watches as her neighborhood floods. The shorelines are first to go. Then, the baseball fields at Fleming Park. By the time seawater reaches the senior center, it has flooded streets and over a dozen brick homes. Monroe moves her head up and down, side to side, taking in the simulated (仿真的) view. This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community southeast of Baltimore, as sea levels rise.‎ Climate change presents many challenges to coastal communities and to those trying to prepare for its impacts, but one of the most basic is also one of the most vexing: How do you show people and convince them of a possible future?‎ Communicating the realness and immediacy of the climate threat is hugely important to climate researchers and those aiming to lessen its causes. But it's also the most important to communities faced with coming changes that are already unavoidable. These projects need public support and input. That's why Monroe and other residents (居民) are being directed to sit in metal chairs, put on virtual reality headsets and watch their homes flood.‎ Turner Station, a community which gets flooded easily, is trying to prepare. It has partnered with the Port of Baltimore, a few nonprofits and a local landscape architecture firm to adopt a ‎ range of tools and ways to communicate climate change to the public, because every person is different and every place is different.‎ The virtual reality program is only the most recent, and perhaps the most effective step. Virtual reality is an immersive experience that can trick the human brain into thinking it's real. But tricking people is not the goal of the sea level rise simulation being used at Turner Station, says Juiano Calil, one of the program's developers. ''The goal, '' he says, ''is to start a conversation and help folks visualize the impacts of climate change and the solutions, and also discuss the trade-offs between them. ''‎ ‎4. Who is Monroe?‎ A. A coastal community citizen. B. A climate researcher.‎ C. An architect. D. AVR program developer.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word ''vexing'' mean in Paragraph 2?‎ A. Bothersome. B. Dramatic.‎ C. Original. D. Convincing.‎ ‎6. Why is VR technology employed here?‎ A It can cut down the risks of climate change.‎ B. It can show severe results of climate change.‎ C. It can introduce technology to the residents.‎ D. It can predict the climate change accurately.‎ ‎7. What is the purpose of the program?‎ A. To trick more people to believe.‎ B. To win the residents’cooperation.‎ C. To advocate the application of VR.‎ D. To inform the residents of the solutions.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一记叙文。文章主要讲述了政府运用虚拟现实技术让海滨小镇Turner Station的居民认识到气候变化带来的严重后果，并希望得到他们的支持。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的Monroe moves her head up and down, side to side, taking in the ‎ simulated (仿真的) view. This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community southeast of Baltimore, as sea levels rise.(在模拟的视图中，梦露的头上下移动，从一边到另一边。当海平面上升时，位于巴尔的摩东南，历史上最著名的非裔美国人社区Turner Station可能会发生这种状况)和第四段的That's why Monroe and other residents (居民) are being directed to sit in metal chairs(那就是为什么梦露和其它居民正在被指导坐在金属椅子上)可知，梦露是一个海滨社区的居民。A. A coastal community citizen.(一个海滨社区的居民)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段Climate change presents many challenges to coastal communities and to those trying to prepare for its impacts, but one of the most basic is also one of the most vexing：How do you show people—and convince them—of a possible future?可知，气候变化对沿海社区和那些试图为其影响做准备的人提出了许多挑战，但是最基本的挑战之一，也是最vexing的是：你如何向人们展示并说服他们这个可能的未来。根据句意，推测划线部分的意思是“烦恼的”。A. Bothersome.(烦恼的)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的But it's also the most important to communities faced with coming changes that are already unavoidable. These projects need public support and input. That's why Monroe and other residents (居民) are being directed to sit in metal chairs , put on virtual reality headsets and watch their homes flood.(但对于那些面临已经不可避免的未来变化的社区来说，这也是最重要的。这些项目需要公众的支持和投入。这就是为什么梦露和其他居民被要求坐在金属椅子里，戴上虚拟现实的耳机看他们家园的洪水)可知，虚拟现实被运用的目的是展示气候变化带来的严重后果。B. It can show severe results of climate change.(它能够展示气候变化的严重后果)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的These projects need public support and input.(这个项目需要公众的支持和投入)以及最后一段的''The goal, '' he says, ''is to start a conversation and help folks visualize the impacts of climate change and the solutions, and also discuss the trade-offs between them. " (他说：“目标是开始一场对话，帮助人们设想气候变化的影响和解决方案，并讨论它们之间的权衡”)可知，该项目的主要目的是人们意识到气候变化带来的严重影响，从而赢得他们的合作。B. To win the residents'‎ ‎ cooperation.(为了赢得居民的合作)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ C Before the end of the year, employees at Ubiquitous Energy, a company in Redwood City, Calif, will gather in a window-lined conference room to stare toward the future. That’s because their new glass windows will offer more than an amazing view of the North California landscape. They will also be able to power the company’s lights, computers and air conditioners.‎ Several years in the making, Ubiquitous’ energy-producing glass is a remarkable technological achievement. Its power lies in the layers of organic polymers (聚合物) between sheets of glass. As light enters the window,the flow of electrons between the polymer layers creates an electric current, which is then collected by tiny wires in the glass.‎ ‎“It’s sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse (反过来),” says Veeral Hardev, director of business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “Instead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to light them up, light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window.”‎ Right now the windows produce about a third as much electricity from a given amount of sunlight as the typical solar cells used in roof panels (板).These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, don’t work as well as transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly. As for the lower output of electricity, he notes that windows can cover a much greater surface area than a roof, so numerous windows will produce a surprisingly larger amount of electricity than the production from a rooftop full of higher-efficiency solar panels. “You could do both.” says Hardev. “But you’ll get more from the windows. The biggest challenge, he adds, is increasing the windows from less than two square feet currently to about 50 square feet.”‎ ‎8. What makes the new glass windows special?‎ A. They can offer an amazing view.‎ B. They are controlled by computers.‎ C. They can power the conference room.‎ D. They can help stare toward the future.‎ ‎9. What is Hardev trying to explain in Paragraph 3?‎ A. The source of light.‎ B. The significance of different points.‎ C. The similarity of computer and glass.‎ D. The working principle of energy-producing glass.‎ ‎10. What can affect power production according to the passage?‎ A. The transparency of the glass.‎ B. The quality of the rooftop.‎ C. The height of the solar panels.‎ D. The thickness of the glass.‎ ‎11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Windows: A New Challenge of Technology B. Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the Light C. Power: A Pressing Problem in the Near Future D. Power: Not Enough from Rooftop Solar Panels ‎【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章讲述了Ubiquitous Energy公司研发出的新玻璃窗不仅可以让光线进入屋内，它们还可以为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的They will also be able to power the company’s lights, computers and air conditioners.可知，它们还能够为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。由此可知，新的玻璃窗与众不同的是它们可以为会议室供电。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It’s sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse (反过来),” says Veeral Hardev, director of business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “Instead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to light them up, light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window. ”可知，“这有点像一台反向运行的透明电脑显示器，”Ubiquitous Energy的业务开发主管维洛拉•哈德夫表示。他说：“不是把电传送到显示器的不同点来点亮它们，而是把产生的电从窗口的不同点传送出去。”由此可知，哈德夫在第三段中想要解释的是产生电能的新玻璃窗的工作原理。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, don’t work as well as transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly.可知，这些窗户的透明度只有普通玻璃的一半，但却不如透明玻璃那么好用。哈德夫说，公司可能会大幅提高透明度。由此可知，玻璃的透明度会影响发电量。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，Ubiquitous Energy公司研发出的新玻璃窗不仅可以让光线进入屋内，它们还可以为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。因此B项Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the Light(窗户：不再只是为了让光线进来)符合文章内容，可以作为最佳标题。故选B。‎ D If you’ve spent any amount of time boating, fishing, or bird-watching at lakes and rivers, you have most likely seen fishes jumping out of the water. I have seen it many times. Certainly, fishes will exit water in desperate attempts to escape enemies. Dolphins take advantage of the behavior, forming a circle and catching the frightened fishes in midair. But just as we may run fast from fun or from fear, different emotions might motivate fishes to jump.‎ Mobula rays（蝸鲼）aren’t motivated by fear when they throw their impressive bodies—up to a seventeen-foot wingspan (the distance from the end of one wing to the end of the other) and a ton in weight—skyward in leap（跳跃）of up to ten feet. They do it in schools（鱼群）of hundreds. They usually land on their bellies, but sometimes they land on their backs. Some scientists think it might be a way of removing parasites（寄生虫）. But I think that the rays are enjoying themselves.‎ In the clear waters of Florida’s Chassahowitzka National Wildlife Refuge, I watched several schools of fifty or more mullets（鲻鱼）moving in beautiful formation. Their well-built bodies were most evident when they leaped from the water. Most of the time I saw one or two leaps by a fish, but one made a series of seven. They usually land on their sides. Each jump was about a foot clear of the water and two to three feet in length.‎ Nobody knows for sure why the fish leaps. One idea is that they do it to take in oxygen. The idea is supported by the fact that mullets leap more when the water is lower in oxygen, but is challenged by the likelihood that jumping costs more energy than is gained by breathing air. It is hard to imagine they will feel any fresher when back in water.‎ Might these fishes also be leaping for fun? There is some new evidence. Gordon M. Burghardt recently published accounts of a dozen types of fishes leaping repeatedly, sometimes over floating objects—sticks, plants, sunning turtle—for no clear reason other than entertainment.‎ ‎12. What can we say about the dolphins in Paragraph 1?‎ A. They have great escaping skills. B. They are easily frightened.‎ C. They are very clever. D. They love jumping.‎ ‎13. What do the ray and the mullet have in common when jumping?‎ A. Both do it in groups. B. Both land on their bellies.‎ C. Both jump many feet out of water. D. Both make leaps one after the other.‎ ‎14. How does the author feel about the idea mentioned in Paragraph 4?‎ A. It is valuable. B. It is interesting.‎ C. It is imaginative. D. It is questionable.‎ ‎15. Which may be the reason for fish leaps according to the author?‎ A. To remove parasites. B. To amuse themselves.‎ C. To take in more oxygen. D. To express positive emotions.‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了鱼为何要跃出水面，一些人认为是因为情绪的激发和要去除寄生虫，但作者认为它们可能是为了享受快乐。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Dolphins take advantage of the behavior, forming a circle and catching the frightened fishes in midair.”（ 海豚利用这种行为，围成一个圈，在半空中抓住受惊的鱼。）可知，海豚能够巧妙地吃掉跃出水面的鱼，说明它们很聪明。故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段中的“They do it in schools（鱼群）of hundreds.”（ 蝸鲼成群跳跃。）和第三段中的“I watched several schools of fifty or more mullets（鲻鱼）moving in beautiful formation.”（ 我看到几个由50只或更多的鲻鱼组成的鱼群以美丽的队形移动。）可知，蝠鲼和鲻鱼都是成群地跳跃。故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第四段中的“It is hard to imagine they will feel any fresher when back in ‎ water.”（ 很难想象当它们回到水里时会感觉更新鲜。）可知，作者认为第四段提到的猜想是值得怀疑的。故选D项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段中的“But I think that the rays are enjoying themselves.”（ 但我觉得它们很享受光线。）和最后一段中的“Gordon M. Burghardt recently published accounts of a dozen types of fishes leaping repeatedly, sometimes over floating objects—sticks, plants, sunning turtle—for no clear reason other than entertainment.”（Gordon M.Burghardt最近发表了一系列关于十几种鱼类反复跳跃的报道，有时是在漂浮的物体上，树枝，植物，晒海龟，除了娱乐之外，没有其他明确的原因。）可知，作者认为鱼跃出水面可能是为了享受快乐。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分——推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第1小题中，第一段中的“Dolphins take advantage of the behavior, forming a circle and catching the frightened fishes in midair.”，是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可以得出海豚能够巧妙地吃掉跃出水面的鱼，说明它们很聪明。故选C项。‎ 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Hotels in Shanghai are requested to stop offering disposable toiletries(一次性洗漱用品) unless customers ask, in order to make efforts to reduce waste and pursue(追求) green development. ___16___. The move is stated in a set of regulations on garbage sorting and recycling that went into effect in Shanghai.‎ Under the new regulations, most household plastic wastes should be sorted and recycled. The city also encourages individuals and companies to reduce their use of disposable plastic products. Kunlun Jing An hotel is one of those that answered the government call that “not offering disposable toiletries unless asked”. ___17___“Shanghai is taking a lead in the country to fight against plastic waste,’’ said Gerd Knaust, general manager of Kunlun Jing An hotel. “Hotels should make contributions to sorting and recycling garbage.___18___’’‎ ‎___19___ “It is a good thing to reduce waste in daily life,” said Zhang Wei, 40, from east China’ s Shandong Province who checked in the hotel for a business trip. He brought a reusable toothbrush after being informed by the hotel in advance.‎ At least 6.5 million sets of disposable toiletries are said to be used every day if the occupancy rate(入住率)is 50 percent for the 13 to 15 million hotel rooms across China, said Du Liangliang of the Hotel Business Unit of Ctrip, China’s leading online travel agency. “ ___20___,” Du said.‎ A. The hotel said the new measure will help reduce plastic waste B. Guests are encouraged to use recyclable toiletries during their stay C. If hotels stop offering disposable toiletries, it will be great progress D. It is one of the steps that the government takes to protect our environment E. Also, we should encourage customers worldwide to lead an eco-friendly life F. The hotel has informed people of the change through online and offline means G. Plastic products harm our environment so greatly that we shall reduce their use ‎【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。为了减少浪费和追求绿色发展，上海的酒店被要求停止提供一次性洗漱用品，除非顾客提出要求。如果酒店停止提供一次性洗漱用品，那将是一个巨大的进步。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“为了减少浪费和追求绿色发展，上海的酒店被要求停止提供一次性洗漱用品，除非顾客提出要求。”再根据下文提示“这一举措是在上海实施的一套垃圾分类和回收条例中提出的。”承接上下文，B项Guests are encouraged to use recyclable toiletries during their stay（酒店鼓励客人在入住期间使用可回收的化妆品）切题。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据下文提示“在全国范围内，上海在打击塑料垃圾方面处于领先地位”，承接下文，A项The hotel said the new measure will help reduce plastic waste.（该酒店表示，新措施将有助于减少塑料垃圾）切题。故选A。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“酒店应该为垃圾分类和回收做出贡献。”承接上文，E项Also, we should encourage customers worldwide to lead an eco-friendly life.（同时，我们应该鼓励世界各地的消费者过一种环保的生活。）切题。故选E。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据下文提示“在日常生活中减少浪费是一件好事。”承接下文，F项The hotel has informed people of the change through online and offline means（酒店已经通过线上和线下的方式告知了人们这一变化。）切题。故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“如果全国1300万到1500万间酒店客房的入住率为50%，那么每天至少有650万套一次性洗漱用品被使用。”承接上文，C项If hotels stop offering disposable toiletries, it will be great progress.（如果酒店停止提供一次性洗漱用品，那将是一个巨大的进步）切题。故选C。‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ There are times when we feel as if our bad circumstances will never change. When we meet troubles or problems in our lives, we are ___21___ for a sign that tells us everything will be ___22___ and get better.‎ When in this mindset (心态), I think back to a ___23___ I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant. At the end of the meal, everyone ___24___ their fortune cookie and read their messages out loud. ___25___ , the youngest child did not, she went to get another fortune cookie. This ___26___ several times before the mom stopped her and asked, “What are you doing?” The little child responded, “I am looking for a cookie with the ___27___ fortune for me.” The mom said, “There is only one thing you need to ___28___ and it’s not in a fortune cookie. That is where there is a will there’s a way.”‎ When ___29___ are not going our way, we may ____30____ the right fortune. We seek the hope for our ____31____ so that it will be better than the present. Once the Israelis were expelled (驱逐) in a foreign country against their will. At that time, everything was ____32____ for them, but they didn’t lose hope; instead, they____33____to their new environment positively. Years later they returned to their homeland as they had____34____.‎ In life we need to take action and hope and believe that nothing is impossible to a willing mind. It does ____35____ that good things do come out of bad and difficult situations.‎ ‎21. A. ready B. grateful C. Responsible D. desperate ‎22. A. settled B. hidden C. defeated D. gone ‎23. A. message B. story C. problem D. case ‎24. A. ate B. tasted C. touched D. opened ‎25. A. Anyhow B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore ‎26. A. changed B. ran C. happened D. showed ‎27. A. good B. bad C. wrong D. right ‎28. A. doubt B. guess C. know D. hope ‎29. A. memories B. things C. questions D. chances ‎30. A. search for B. make up C. take out D. wrestle with ‎31. A. family B. work C. business D. future ‎32. A. easy B. difficult C. common D. special ‎33. A. adjusted B. turned C. stuck D. agreed ‎34. A. left B. expected C. talked D. remembered ‎35. A. prove B. tell C. consider D. understand ‎【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个家庭在中国餐馆吃饭的故事，从而告诉我们“有志者事竟成”的道理。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们在生活中遇到麻烦或问题时，我们渴望有一个迹象，告诉我们一切都会得到解决并变得更好。A. ready准备好的；B. grateful感激的；C. responsible负有责任的；D. desperate极度渴望的。根据前文“When we meet troubles or problems in our lives”可知，生活中遇到麻烦或问题时，需要一个“告诉我们一切都会变好，变得更好”的信号存在以给予希望。固定短语be desperate for意为“非常渴望；极需要的”。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们在生活中遇到麻烦或问题时，我们渴望有一个迹象，告诉我们一切都会得到解决并变得更好。A. settled解决；B. hidden隐藏；C. defeated打败；D. gone走,离开。根据前文“When we meet troubles or problems in our ‎ lives”可知，遇到的是问题和麻烦，所以要“解决问题或麻烦”。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种心态下，我想起了我曾经听过的一个故事，一个家庭在中国餐馆吃饭。A. message信息；B. story故事；C. problem问题；D. case情况，案例。根据后文“I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant”的讲述，作者应是想到了一个听说过的故事。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：用餐结束时，每个人都打开幸运饼干，大声读出自己的纸条。A. ate吃；B. tasted品尝；C. touched 触摸；D. opened打开。根据后文宾语“fortune cookie”可知，应是中餐馆给客人的，包有预测未来运气小纸条的幸运饼干，因此打开之后才能看到其中的小纸条上的内容。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，最小的孩子没有，她去拿另一块幸运饼干。A. Anyhow无论如何；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。根据前文“At the end of the meal, everyone ______ their fortune cookie and read their messages out loud.”可知，每个人都读了自己的小纸条，空后“the youngest child did not”提及的最小的孩子没有读，因此，前后句应是转折关系。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种情况发生了好几次，妈妈才拦住她问。 A. changed改变；B. ran奔跑；C. happened发生；D. showed展示。分析可知，句中主语“this”应指前文提及的“to get another fortune cookie”这件事，且结合后文“This ______several times before the mom stopped her and asked, “What are you doing?””可知，这个动作发生了不止一次才引起了妈妈的注意和询问。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在找一种好运气的饼干。A. good好的；B. bad坏的；C. wrong错误的；D. right正确的，最好的， 最恰当的。根据后文When______ are not going our way, we may______ the “right fortune.”中提及“right fortune”可知，本句中应是“right fortune”。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你只需要知道一件事，而且不是在幸运饼里。A. doubt怀疑；B. guess猜测；C. know知道，懂得；D. hope希望。根据后文“That is where there is a will there’s ‎ a way. ”可知，这是妈妈希望这个小孩子能够懂得道理。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当事情不顺心时，我们可能会寻找“好运气”。A. memories记忆；B. things东西，事情；C. questions 问题；D. chances机会。结合文章主旨可知，本句的“When___ ___ are not going our way, we may_____ the right fortune.”在表达“事情不是按照自己的预想方式发展”，且对应前文“everything will be ___ ___ and get better”提及的everything，设空处主语应是things。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当事情不顺心时，我们可能会寻找“好运气”。 A. search for寻找；B. make up构成，编造，弥补；C. take out除掉；D. wrestle with全力对付。对应前文“I am looking for a cookie with the______fortune for me.”可知，应是寻找（search for）right fortune。故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们寻求未来的希望，使它比现在更好。A. family家庭；B. work工作；C. business商业，生意，要事；D. future未来。根据后文“so that it will be better than the present.(以至于它会比现在要更好)”可知，应是对未来寻求希望。故选D ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那个时候，一切对他们来说都是困难的，但是他们并没有失去希望，相反，他们积极地适应了新的环境。A. easy容易的；B. difficult困难的；C. common普遍的；D. special特殊的。根据前文“Once the Israelis were expelled (驱逐) in a foreign country against their will.”可知，他们被驱逐，因此日子不好过。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那个时候，一切对他们来说都是困难的，但是他们并没有失去希望，相反，他们积极地适应了新的环境。A. adjusted调整；B. turned 转动 ；C. stuck 使扎入，坚持；D. agreed同意。根据前文“they didn’t lose hope”可知，他们虽然被驱逐，但是没有放弃希望，因此可推知，他们在新环境中积极调整自己。固定短语adjust to意为“调整以适应”。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，他们如预期的那样回到了祖国。 A. left离开；B. expected期望；C. talked谈话；D. remembered记得。固定句式：as sb. had ‎ expected意为“正如某人所期望的”。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它证明了好的事情确实会从坏的和困难的情况中产生。A. prove证明是；B. tell告诉；C. consider考虑，认为；D. understand理解，懂得。固定句式：it proves that+从句，意为“它证明了……”。故选A。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题纸相应位置上。‎ Increasing pork production and supply will be the top priority for agricultural authorities in the following year ___36___ (ensure) pork production can rebound close to the level before outbreaks of African swine fever occurred, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said. Statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs show the national pork price slumped by 23 percent in November ___37___ (compare) to the peak level in late October. In many areas in North China, prices dropped by about 30 percent ___38___ below 30 yuan ($4.26) per kilogram.‎ Domestic pork production ___39___ (hit) seriously by the outbreaks of African swine fever since August last year. Total production in the first three quarters was about 32 million metric tons, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. ___40___ (short) in supply have resulted in rising pork prices since the beginning of the year, ___41___ prices have started to decline recently due to increased production. Pork is the most ___42___ (common) consumed meat in China, and the supply of it ___43___ (matter) to the nation’s food security. So, on Monday, the ministry announced it has started ___44___ three-month special campaign aimed at fighting legal violations ___45___ (involve) the buying, selling and slaughtering to ensure quality and safety of the meat and its products in the market.‎ ‎【答案】36. to ensure 37. compared 38. to 39. has been hit 40. Shortages ‎ ‎41. but 42. commonly 43. matters 44. a 45. involving ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猪肉价格上涨的原因，造成的影响以及政府为之做出的努力。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知ensure pork ‎ production作目的状语，为了确保猪肉的价格回落到非洲猪瘟爆发之前。故填to ensure。‎ ‎37题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知price(价位)和compare(比较)之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词形式。故填compared。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查介词。根据句意“在中国北方的许多地区，价格下降了约30%，降至每公斤30元(4.26美元)以下”。drop to，固定短语，为降到……，故填to。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。根据since August last year可知，此处用现在完成时；production和hit之间是被动关系；主语是第三人称单数，故填has been hit。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词。分析句子可知，该空在句中作主语，应用其名词形式；又have(有)可住主语是复数；句子首字母应大写。故填Shortages。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查连词。前一句说价格上涨，下一句是价格下降，两句之间是转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词。分析句子可知该空修饰形容词consumed(消耗的)，应用其副词形式。故填commonly。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。由前面的is可知句子是一般现在时；主语是第三人称单数。故填matters。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。campaign是可数名词单数形式，用a/an表示泛指；且three-month是辅音音素开头，故填a。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。violations和involve之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式。故填involving。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节 (满分15分)‎ ‎46.假定你是李华，下个月要参加某外国语大学入学英语面试，发邮件向你校外教Chris请教，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 口语表达；‎ ‎2. 面试技巧；‎ ‎3. 注意事项。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Chris,‎ I’m Li Hua, a student in your class. I’m writing to consult you about my English admission interview by Shanghai International Studies University next month.‎ Language proficiency is of vital importance for such an interview, so I’m in urgent need of your professional guidance in my oral English. Besides, any constructive advice on interview techniques will be highly appreciated. Finally, if there are any do’s and don’ts in terms of dressing, manners and so on, please do let me know.‎ Sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本篇书面表达是一封书信。假定你是李华，下个月要参加某外国语大学入学英语面试，发邮件向你校外教Chris请教一些技巧和一些注意事项。‎ ‎【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，不能遗漏要点：1. 口语表达；2. 面试技巧；3. 注意事项。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语有：consult you about my English admission interview，language proficiency，be of vital importance，in urgent need of your professional guidance，oral ‎ English，constructive advice，interview techniques，be highly appreciated，in terms of，dressing，manners。可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second… And then，Finally，In the end，At last，Above all。2.表并列补充关系：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition，as well as，not only…but (also)。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句：Finally, if there are any do’s and don’ts in terms of dressing, manners and so on, please do let me know.这句话运用了if引导的条件状语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如：consult sb about sth，be of vital importance，in urgent need of，in terms of。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 (满分25 分)‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ At Dana’s yard sale, Tim chose a baseball from the toys spread on the card table and asked about the price. Dana told him everything was a quarter except Nezumi, a cotton toy rat. It was grey with some cotton sticking out from the hole where an ear had been torn off.‎ ‎“Nezumi is extra special, so he is ten dollars. He needs a safe new home.” Dana sighed. Tim laughed saying he didn’t have ten dollars. Dana laughed too and gave Nezumi to Tim as a free gift because he was her friend. When Tim whispered it was sort of old, Dana said old toys were the best. She then invited Tim to her birthday party the next evening, adding that her parents were giving her a real rat for her birthday. Tim was amazed and asked if it was a live rat.‎ ‎“Of course.” Dana said.‎ At home, Tim’s mother showed him the gift she had bought for Dana. It was a knitting spool(针织线轴) shaped like a mushroom. Mom said Dana could knit a scarf for her doll. Tim sighed that Dana wasn’t a knitting kind of person but a rat kind of person. Mom laughed after knowing what had happened. Together they drove to the pet store, where Tim searched and searched and selected a clear plastic ball, one in which the rat could run around on the floor safe from cats and dogs. Tim thought of Nezumi’s ear and decided Dana’s new rat would need this ball.‎ The next day, Dana brought cupcakes to class. When she handed a cupcake to Tim, she asked ‎ if Tim brought Nezumi to school as Nezumi liked to ride in backpacks. Tim was at a loss because Nezumi was at home on his bed. Then Dana asked what gift he was giving her. Tim replied it was a surprise. In silence they sat for a while before he heard Dana say her parents were giving her a new bike for her birthday instead of a live rat because they thought rats would bite things.‎ 注意:1. 所续写的短文词数应为 150 左右;‎ ‎2. 续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;‎ Para 1:‎ At home that afternoon, Tim stared at the plastic rat ball. _____________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Para 2:‎ All of a sudden, he had an idea. _________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】At home that afternoon, Tim stared at the plastic rat ball. Wondering about the use of the clear plastic ball if Dana had no rat, he started walking up and down the room with a frown on his face. Mom was surprised and asked him what was happening. Tim told her Dana wasn’t getting a live rat from her parents but a bike. As they were racking their brains (绞脑汁) to come up with an appropriate gift, Tim turn around and saw Nezumi on his bed.‎ All of a sudden, he had an idea. He lifted Nezumi and squeezing Nezumi into the plastic ball with great caution so that Nezumi would be safe from cats and dogs. Seeing this, Mom asked Tim whether he was giving Dana an old cotton rat with one ear as a gift, Tim nodded with a smile saying she would definitely like it. Looking at Mom’s confused expression, Tim added that Dana was a Nezumi kind of person who thought old toys were the BEST.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇读后续写作文。‎ ‎【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，Tim从Dana的庭院旧货出售会得到了有一只耳朵被扯掉了的玩具老鼠Nezumi，Tim很喜欢。Dana的生日快到了，Tim去商店里为Dana喜欢的老鼠买了一个透明的塑料球，可以让它在里面跑，不会被猫和狗咬伤。第二天Tim听到Dana说她的父母给她的生日礼物是一辆新自行车，而不是一只活老鼠，因为他们认为老鼠会咬东西。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：那天下午在家里，Tim盯着塑料老鼠球。所以后文应该是讲述Tim得知Dana不会受到老鼠作为生日礼物后的心理活动，他觉得买的这个塑料老鼠球没有用了，于是他皱着眉头开始在房间里走来走去。妈妈很惊讶，问他发生了什么事。Tim告诉她Dana从她父母那里得到的不是一只活老鼠，而是一辆自行车。当他们绞尽脑汁想出合适的礼物时，Tim转过身，看见Nezumi躺在床上；第二段开头是：突然，他有了一个主意。本段应该写Tim为Dana准备生日礼物的过程，Tim要送Dana一只长着一只耳朵的老鼠。‎ 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：walk up and down, not…but…, with great caution等高级词汇；Wondering about the use of the clear plastic ball if Dana had no rat, he started walking up and down the room with a frown on his face.非谓语动词的运用和if引导的条件状语从句；Seeing this, Mom asked Tim whether he was giving Dana an old cotton rat with one ear as a gift, Tim nodded with a smile saying she would definitely like it.运用了whether引导的宾语从句等高级句式。‎