2018届二轮复习情态动词课件（47张）

2018届二轮复习情态动词课件（47张）

—— 情态动词 2018 届 二轮复习 语法专题突破 Modal verbs Jack— I have good news for you! Rose— What? Jack— The educational department has carried out rules to reduce students' too much study load. Rose— Really? If so, I don’t have to stay up late to do so much homework and my mom may allow me to play computer games. Jack— The best thing I think is that I can have more spare time to take exercise after class. Rose— Sure. By the way, who is your favorite sports star? Jack— Liu Xiang, I should say. Rose— Tell me something about him. Jack— Well, maybe I can show you some photos. 一 . We use modal verbs to talk about: 1. Ability （能力） 2. Obligation （义务） 3. Certainty （可能性） 4. Permission （允许） 二 .We also use modal verbs to: 5. Make requests （提出请求） 6. Make suggestions （提出建议） 7. Make offers （提供帮助） 8. Give advice （提出意见） 1.Ability ( 能力 ) : Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds. can/could : 1. can 一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性 , 还可以表示请求和允许 。 Learning English _____ be difficult . can Man can not live without air . _______ I use your bike? Can can/could : 2. 在疑问句中，用 could 可表示请求，语气较委婉。 — ____I have the television on? — Yes, you _____. / No, you _____ Could He asks if he ____ smoke here. could can/may can’t/I’m afraid not can/could : 3. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中） He’s such a nice person that he ______ commit the crime . can’t 你怎么会如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could : 4. can never/can’t……too 表示 “ 无论怎样 … 也不过分 ” ，“越 … 越好” 。 你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。 You can’t be too careful while crossing the road. Attention: can/be able to 区别 : Edison always wondered why hens could hatch ( 孵 ) chickens while he was not able to . Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable ( 互换 ) ? If not, why? can 表示 与生俱来的能力 或 一种客观可能 ，而 be able to 更加强调 通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力， 或者 在某个客观的场合和背景下 ，能做到的事情。 Attention: can/be able to 区别 : A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone __________ run out of the building . was able to 2. She _____ speak both English and French. can I’m so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation ( 义务 ): …yet he must work hard to win the gold medal. Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle race… Attention: advisability necessity ought to/should have to must Your mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you ___ look after her in return. A.can B.may C.have to D.must Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games. Although the chance of winning a medal is small, I’ll try my best! 3.Certainty ( 可能性 ) : Attention: very uncertain almost certain might should must may could ought to will 1.He _____ be at home . 2.He _____ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago. A.may B.might C.must A.may B.might C.must (can) must 表示肯定的猜测，译为“一定”，不能用于否定句或疑问句。 This must be your pen. He must be doing his homework now. He must have arrived already. must must 2. 表示“坚持”（常用于固定句型： if you must do sth . 如果你非得要做某事） 如果你真的要走，那就悄悄离开。 If you must leave, do it quietly. Attention: —They___ be doing the experiment in the lab. —Why ？ —Because the lights are still burning . A.could B.can C.must D.would 4.Permission ( 允许 ) : May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal? may/might: 1. 表示许可。表示请求、允许时， might 比 may 的语气更委婉一些。 — Might/May I use your computer? — Yes, you can. /No, you can’t/mustn’t. may/might: 2. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。 3. 表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，疑问句则要用 can 或 could ）。 祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life. 5.Making requests ( 提出要求 ): Can you help me with my training? I don’t know how to use this equipment! will can could would informal formal 6.Making suggestions ( 提出建议 ) : Shall we do the training in the morning? It’s too hot to take exercise in the afternoon. shall : 1. Shall 用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见、向对方请示或提供帮助 。 1. Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to leave hospital? 3. Shall I carry this bag for you? shall: 2. Shall 用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 You shall fail if you don‘t work harder. He shall be punished according to the rule. 等我读完这本书，就会给他的。 He shall have the book when I finish it . 警告 威胁 允诺 7.Making offers ( 提供帮助 ): Don’t worry, dear, I will wash them right away. Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I don’t have time…… will/would: 1. 表示请求、建议等， would 比 will 委婉客气。 sentence pattern Would you please… Would you mind… Would rather… Would you like… will/would: 2. 表示意志、愿望和决心。 I will never do that again. will/would: 3. 可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总是 ” 。 1).The old man _____have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. would 2). 门就是打不开 ! The door won’t open. will/would: Attention: I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch. Question: Is this sentence correct? Why? 情态动词 表示 “ 意愿” 8.Giving advice ( 提出意见 ): You should not/ought not to eat so much before running. How delicious!!! should: 1. Should 表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是 ought to ；在疑问句中，通常用 should 代替 ought…to 。 Should I open the window? 我们应当要相互学习。 We should learn from each other. should: 2. 情态动词 should 用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。 Rose— Sure. By the way, who is your idol? Jack— Liu Xiang, I should say. I should advise you not to do that again . 3. should 表示意外或惊讶 常译为 “ 居然，竟然”。 I can’t believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。 should: 4. should 表示猜测时，一般指按经验或逻辑判断，翻译成“照说应该，估计，想必” should: ---When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. ---They _____be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need To be continued 三 . “ 情态动词 +have done” 的用法 （ 1 ） must have done 对过去某事的十分肯定猜测 （ 2 ） may/might have done 对过去某事的可能性猜测 （ 3 ） can’t/couldn’t have done 对过去某事的否定猜测 （ 4 ） should/ought to have done 过去应该做而未做 （ 5 ） shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done 过去不应该做而实际上做了 （ 6 ） needn’t have done 本没有必要做的事实际却做了 （ 7 ） could have done 本来能够做的（有能力做）事实际却未做到 Let's have a try! Practice With so much work on hand, you ____to see the game last night. A. mustn’t go B. could have gone C. shouldn’t go D. shouldn’t have gone 2. There was plenty of time. She ____. A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried Practice 3. –I saw Mary in the library yesterday. --You_____ her. She is still abroad.A. mustn’t see B. can’t have seen C. mustn’t have seen D. couldn’t see 4. Aunt Mary______the train, otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A. must have missed B. should have missedC. had missed D. might miss 四 . 可兼做行为动词的情态动词： need 、 dare 情态动词 (+ 动词原形 ) 行为动词 need dare 1. 无人称和数的变化 ; 2. 尤其用于： *否定句及疑问句中 ; *在 if/whether 之后 ; *或与 hardly , never , no one , nobody 连用 ; 3. 常以 needn’t 和 daren’t 的形式出现 ; 4.dare 有其过去时 dared . 多用于肯定句 ; (sb.) need to do dare to do ( sth .) need to be done ( sth .) need doing He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he? 判断正误 : He daren’t to speak English before such a crowd, did he? These dishes need be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully. These dishes need cleaning carefully. 五 . 表示否定的情态动词的用法 : 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点 之一。 mustn’t 不准 , 禁止 needn’t 没必要 ( = don’t have to ) can’t 不能 ; 不可能 may not 不可以 ; 可能不 shouldn’t 不应该 ( = ought not to ) How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs? Functions & usage of modal verbs Language context ( 上下文、语境 ) Thinking Functions & usage of modal verbs Language context ( 上下文、语境 )