四川资阳市高中2021届第一次诊断性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

四川资阳市高中2021届第一次诊断性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

资阳市高中(2021 届)2018 级第一次诊断性考试 英语 注意事项: 本试卷共 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。 2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。 3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将 答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间 来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the dialogue probably take place? A.In a hotel. B. At a shop. C. In a park. 2. How does the man go to work this week? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 3. When does the coming-of-age start? A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00. 4. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Language use. B. Sentence structure. C. Bettering composition. 5. What's the woman's feeling? A. Worried. B. Regretful. C. Embarrassed. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. Who will the man talk to? A. The woman's neighbors. B. The man's friends. C. Animal-lovers. 7. Why does the woman have to fill out the form? A. To know her hobbies. B. To show her family background. C. To record her history of education. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. What donations are being collected? A. Some clothes. B. Some books. C. Some toys. 9. Who is organizing the charity event? A. The girl. B. The boy. C. The girl's headmaster. 10. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the spring. B. In the summer. C. In the winter. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What did California suffer from? A. Cold. B. Heat. C. Storm. 12. Which state was the coldest last year? A. Florida. B. California. C.Illinois. 13. How does the rise in temperature affect hurricanes? A. It has no effect at all. B. It makes them more powerful. C. It causes more of them to happen. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。 14. What course is the woman studying this term? A. Criminal behavior B. Psychology. C. Engineering. 15. What does the man probably want to be in the future? A. A policeman. B. A math teacher. C. An engineer. 16. What is the woman's attitude to her professors? A. She admires them. B. She is afraid of them. C. She is disappointed with them. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 17. How many ways to reduce stress are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 18. How will stress affect people? A. It may cause anxiety. B. It may improve sleep. C. It may make no difference. 19. How can you add in“Me”time? A. Dinning out. B. Taking vacation. C. Getting close to nature. 20. What's the most important way to manage stress? A. Get physical. B. Talk it out. C. Adjust your attitude. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A July 20, 2021 marks the 52th anniversary of the first moon landing. The National Space Center will provide you with super-size space experiences: a giant Earth model, a domed planetarium （穹顶天文台） and a 42-meter rocket tower. It's all under cover so it's a good place to visit on a rainy day. Ticket It's not cheap-adult $15, 5-to-16-year-olds $12-but once you've paid you can revisitas many times as you want in a year, and admission is free for kids under five. Opening hours 10 am-4 pm Monday to Friday, 10 am-5 pm weekends and school holidays. What about lunch? The Boosters Cafe serves reasonably priced hot and cold snacks and drinks at the foot of the center's two rockets. The cafe offers vegetarian (素食的)option too. Exit through the gift shop? It's stocked with souvenirs including books, games and telescopes. Some are quite pricey. The gift shop is the first thing you pass on entry and also the last thing you see as you leave. 1. What gifts can you buy in the Center? A. Rockets. B. Telescopes. C. Pencils. D. Earth models. 2. What can you learn about the National Space Center? A. It is free for kids under 6. B. It has two gift shops. C. It is vegetarian-friendly. D. It is open at night in holidays. 3. What is this passage mainly about? A. Holiday plans. B. Space experiences. C. Suggestions for visiting the Center. D. Information about the Center 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国家航天中心的一些参观信息。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Exit through the gift shop?中的“It's stocked with souvenirs including books, games and telescopes.(这里有很多纪念品，包括书、游戏和望远镜。)”可知，国家航天中心 可以买到书、游戏和望远镜。故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 What about lunch?中的“The cafe offers vegetarian (素食的)option too. (这 家咖啡馆也提供素食选择。)”可知，该中心是素食友善的。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文 Ticket 票价；Opening hours 开放时间；What about lunch? 午餐 呢？Exit through the gift shop?从礼品店出门？可知，文章主要介绍了国家航天中心的一些 参观信息。故选 D。 B The number of British students going to US universities has been climbing steadily over the past decade. The latest available figures (from 2017- 2018) show 11,460 British students are choosing to study in US. This represents a small drop (0.3%) from the previous year, showing that American degrees remain a popular choice. Among the most popular American universities for British students are, Harvard, Y ale, Princeton, Stanford and also institutions with convenient location-- New York University in New York City, or the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, for example. Two factors motivate young people to head west for universities: academic opportunity and the increasing availability of financial aid for foreign students. Anthony Nemecek, an education expert, explains, “While there are many reasons British students consider higher education study in the US, the main reason is the wide range of choice on offer, both subjects and institutions, as well as not having to decide their *major/course' until the end of the second year." One reason why the Brits may be unwilling to pursue a US degree is the cost. The University of Oxford, for example, estimates living costs of f14,850 in 2020, along with course fees of f9,250, so a total of f24,100. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a world-leading specialist in science, costs $73,1 60 (£59,447; more than twice as much as Oxford), but most students at MIT will get financial aid. MIT is home to a financial aid program for international students, making it a great place to apply if money is not enough. 4. How many British students went to US universities in 2016- 2017? A. 11,495. B. 11,460. C. 11,425. D. 14,898. 5. What makes New Y ork University so popular among British students? A. Its low cost. B. Its location. C. Its influence. D. Its top institutions. 6. What may happen to a Brit attending MIT instead of Oxford? A. He will suffer financial problems. B. The financial aid is not easy C. The living costs will be twice as much. D. He is likely to pay less than required. 7. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. British students studying in US universities. B. Differences between US and British universities. C. Why British students are going to US Universities. D. Which are more attractive, US universities or British universities. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国学生要去就读美国大学的原因。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The latest available figures (from 2017- 2018) show 11,460 British students are choosing to study in US. This represents a small drop (0.3%) from the previous year, showing that American degrees remain a popular choice.（最新数据(2017- 2018 年) 显示，11460 名英国学生选择去美国学习。这比前一年下降了 0.3%，表明美国学位仍然是一 个受欢迎的选择。）”可知，11460 名学生是去年的 0.997 倍。2016- 2017 年美国大学的英 国留学生是 11495 名，故选 A 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Among the most popular American universities for British students are, Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Stanford and also institutions with convenient location-- New York University in New York City, or the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, for example.（对于英国学生来说，最受欢迎的美国大学有哈佛大学、耶鲁大学、普林斯顿大 学、斯坦福大学，以及地理位置便利的机构——例如，位于纽约市的纽约大学，或位于洛杉 矶的南加州大学。）”可知，纽约大学受欢迎的原因在于地理位置的便利。故选 B 项。 【6 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 四 段 “The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a world-leading specialist in science, costs $73,1 60 (£59,447; more than twice as much as Oxford), but most students at MIT will get financial aid.（作为世界领先的科学专家，麻省理工学院(MIT) 的学费是 73,160 美元(59,447 英镑;是牛津大学的两倍多)，但麻省理工学院的大多数学生将 获得助学金。）”可知，麻省理工的学生大多数是可以获得助学金补贴的。从而推断英国学 生去麻省理工学院是因为费用比较少。故选 D 项。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Two factors motivate young people to head west for universities: academic opportunity and the increasing availability of financial aid for foreign students. （有两 个因素促使年轻人前往西部大学:学术机会和外国学生越来越容易获得的经济援助。）”及全 文内容可知，文章主要讲述了英国学生去美国学习的原因。故选 C 项。 C On a cold November morning in Y osemite National Park, on the south-west face of EL Capitan, Alex Honnold holds on to the side of the wall with nothing but the tips of his fingers and two thin edges of shoes, attempting to do something that professionals have long wanted to do--a“free solo” climb of the world's most terrifying cliff (悬崖). That means he is alone and climbing without a rope as he makes his way up more than half a mile of rock. Paul Preuss, the father of the free soloing, stated the key of the climbing was to master a mountain with superior physical and mental skill, not “artificial aid". Having made some 150 ropeless climbs by the age of 27, he fell to his death in 1913 while free soloing in the Austrian Alps. But Preuss's ideas survived and inspired the “free climbing”movement of the 1960s, which supported using ropes and other safety equipment. The next free soloist appeared in 1973, when Henry Barber climbed up the 1,00--feet north face of Yosemite's Sentinel Rock without a rope. In 1976, John Bachar free soloed New Dimensions, a 300-foot cliff in Yosemite and Peter Croft free soloed two of Yosemite's most celebrated routes--- Astroman and Rostrum--in the same day. Croft's achievement stood until 2007, when Honnold, then 22, astonished the world by repeating Croft's Astroman--Rostrum masterpiece and free soloed two famously tough routes in Zion National Park and Y osemite. Now, Honnold is attempting much higher goals and he is well on his way to completing the greatest rock climb in history. 8. What can you learn about Alex Honnold from Paragraph 1? A. He climbed with many other people. B. He attempted to climb with artificial aid. C. He free soloed the south-west face of EL Capitan with enough safety equipment. D. He was the first person to attempt to free solo the south -west face of EL Captain. 9. What does the underlined word“survived" in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Lived longer. B. Continued to exist. C. Escaped. D. Succeeded. 10. What can you learn from the passage? A. Climbers mustn't use aid of any kind in climbing. B. One' s strength and will matter a lot while free soloing. C. Climbers should use any safety devices while free soloing. D. Ropes could only be used as an“artificial aid”while free soloing. 11. What can best describe Honnold from the last Paragraph? A. Ambitious. B. Encouraged. C. Stubborn. D. Disappointed. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了无保护攀岩的历史，讲述了 Alex Honnold 要完成历史上最伟 大的攀岩。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“On a cold November morning in Y osemite National Park, on the south-west face of EL Capitan, Alex Honnold holds on to the side of the wall with nothing but the tips of his fingers and two thin edges of shoes, attempting to do something that professionals have long wanted to do—a “free solo” climb of the world's most terrifying cliff (悬崖).”（ 11 月的一 个寒冷的早晨，Alex Honnold 站在 EL Capitan 西南面的 Y osemite National Park 里，紧紧抓 住墙壁，只用手指尖和两个薄薄的鞋边，试图做一件专业人士长期以来一直想做的事情 ——“无保护攀岩”世界上最可怕的悬崖。）可以推断，Alex Honnold 要试图做一件专业人 士长期以来一直想做而没有做到的事情。从而推断他是第一个试图无保护攀登 EL Capitan 西南面的人。故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词句的上文“Having made some 150 ropeless climbs by the age of 27, he fell to his death in 1913 while free soloing in the Austrian Alps.”（1913 年，他在奥地利阿尔卑 斯山无保护攀岩时摔死，当时他 27 岁，已经完成了 150 次无绳攀登。）可知，Preuss 多次攀 岩成功后，最终不幸摔死。根据划线词句“But Preuss's ideas survived and inspired the “free climbing” movement of the 1960s…”（但是 Preuss 的想法 survived，并且激发了 20 世纪 60 年代的“无保护攀岩”运动……）转折的语义，可以推测到，Preuss 人虽死，但他的想法却 依然存在，选项 B“继续存在”符合题意。故选 B 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Paul Preuss, the father of the free soloing, stated the key of the climbing was to master a mountain with superior physical and mental skill, not “artificial aid”.” （无保护攀岩之父 Paul Preuss 曾说过，攀岩的关键在于用高超的身体和精神技能征服一座 山，而不是“人工援助”。）可知，在无保护攀岩中一个人的力量起着重要作用。故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“…Alex Honnold …attempting to do something that professionals have long wanted to do--a“free solo” climb of the world's most terrifying cliff ( 悬 崖 ).” （……Alex Honnold……试图做一件专业人士长期以来一直想做的事情——“无保护攀 登”世界上最可怕的悬崖。）和最后一段最后一句“Now, Honnold is attempting much higher goals and he is well on his way to completing the greatest rock climb in history.”（现在，Honnold 正在尝试更高的目标，他正在完成历史上最伟大的攀岩。）可知，Honnold 雄心勃勃。故选 A 项。 D Micro-plastics have occupied almost every part of the planet today, including the most distant reaches. The Arctic is far from clean, though it s rarely stepped in by visitors. Melanie Bergmann, a marine ecologist (海洋生态学家) and her colleagues had been studying plastics on the Arctic seafloor since 2002. In deep sea, they found about 6,0000 particles (微粒) in every 2.2 pounds of mud. In sea ice, there were as much as 12,000 pieces per 34 ounces of melted ice. Scientists measured micro-plastics in snow from this distant location and found a lot, which could only have caught rides on the wind. The study raises concerns about the pollution that micro-plastics brought to the air, bringing a health risk to people and animals that breathe them in. But they are less worried about the threat that breathed-in pollutants have to wildlife than about polluted snow going into water. The science on the health effects of micro-plastics is still going on.“For human health, we now now very little," says micro-plastics researcher Chelsea Rochman, “There is a lot of concern. For wildlife, we know that micro-plastics may go into every level of the food chain." Laboratory studies find some physical and chemical effects from micro-plastics, but the findings vary by the plastic type, shape experiments will be carried out soon with use of equipment if financial support approves." Even worse is the threat from airborne micro-plastics in the area---too small to be noticed and may actually enter cells. Research on that also has been done and it could be a bigger problem, according to Rochman. 12. What can you learn from the data in Paragraph 2? A. Visitors rarely step into the Arctic. B. Micro-plastics threaten the human beings. C. Micro- plastics are everywhere in the world. D. The Arctic suffers serious micro-plastics pollution. 13. What makes the scientists worry most? A. Wildlife's threat by micro-pollutants. B. Human beings breathing micro-plastics in. C. Micro-plastics entering the water ecosystem. D. Micro-plastics pollution worsening global warming. 14. What will the following paragraphs talk about? A. Damage of micro-plastics to health. B. Appeals for environmental protection. C. Findings about airborne micro-plastics in the Arctic. D. Measures to solve micro-plastics pollution. 15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Science. B. Health. C. Education. D. Entertainment. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍海洋生态学家对北极微塑料的研究，说明了微塑料存在对生 态的危害。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The Arctic is far from clean, though it s rarely stepped in by visitors. ”（北极一点也不干净，尽管很少有游客来参观。）和“In deep sea, they found about 6,0000 particles (微粒) in every 2.2 pounds of mud. In sea ice, there were as much as 12,000 pieces per 34 ounces of melted ice.”（在深海，他们在每 2.2 磅的泥浆中发现了大约 6000 个 微粒。在海冰中，每 34 盎司融化的冰有多达 12000 块。）可知，这些数据说明北极遭受着严 重的微塑料污染。故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 中 “But they are less worried about the threat that breathed-in pollutants have to wildlife than about polluted snow going into water.”（但他们更担心的不是吸 入污染物对野生动物的威胁，而是被污染的雪流入水中。）可知，科学家最担心的是微塑料 进入水生态系统。根据最后一段“Research on that also has been done and it could be a bigger problem, according to Rochman.”（Rochman 表示，这方面的研究也已经完成，这可能是一 个更大的问题。）可知，人类吸入微塑料可能是更大的问题，带有推测性，不符合题意，故 排除 B 项。故选 C 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段“Even worse is the threat from airborne micro-plastics in the area---too small to be noticed and may actually enter cells.”（更糟糕的是来自空气中的微塑料 的威胁——太小以至于不能被注意到，实际上可能进入细胞。）说明更糟糕的是来自空气中 的微塑料的威胁，据此可以推断，文章下面将要讲的是关于北极空气中微塑料的发现。故选 C 项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍海洋生态学家对北极微塑料的研究，说明了微塑 料存在对生态的危害，属于科学范畴。可以推断，此文可能刊登在报纸的科学栏目。故选 A 项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Chinese fried rice with egg enjoys great popularity throughout China due to the simple cooking method. Do you want to have a try? Follow the recipe, and you will get it. Ingredients you need. A bowl of cooked rice, an egg, cooking oil salt, ham. ___16___For example, you can use pork, beef or chicken, green pepper, mushrooms, and vegetables. ___17___ Dice ham finely; crack an egg into a bowl; add a little salt; beat it up with egg-beater or chopsticks. Some steps to follow. Fry the egg: Preheat a pan. Add cooking oil and heat it until 150 °C. Pour the beaten egg into the pan. ___18___Then stir gently and turn it over until both sides are golden. Turn off the heat and cut the egg into small pieces. Add a little more cooking oil and heat it up. Add diced ham and fry for half a minute. Then add rice. Press to make sure that the rice is completely covering in the pan.___19___Serve the rice on a plate or in a bowl and the fried rice with egg is done. Tips on cooking. Remember a little salt is essential when preparing the egg. And make sure to use cold rice cooked in advance.___20___ A. Preparations you need to make. B. Except for ham, other ingredients also will do. C. Let it expand for half a minute without stiring. D. Frying the rice quickly over high heat also matters. E. The amount of ingredients can be adjusted depending on personal tastes. F. After that, add in the fried egg and mix well with the rice and diced ham. G. The rice in the dish is really soft and delicious, and the egg has high nutritional value. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。中国蛋炒饭由于烹调方法简单，在中国广受欢迎。文章主要介绍了制作蛋 炒饭的步骤。 【16 题详解】 根据上文“A bowl of cooked rice, an egg, cooking oil salt, ham.(一碗米饭，一个鸡蛋，食用油 盐 ， 火 腿 )” 以 及 后 文 “For example, you can use pork, beef or chicken, green pepper, mushrooms, and vegetables.(例如，你可以用猪肉、牛肉或鸡肉、青椒、蘑菇和蔬菜)”可知， 本句为过渡句，上文提到火腿，后文则提到其他一些食材，B 选项中 ham 对应上文中 ham。 故 B 选项“除了火腿，其他的食材也可以”符合语境，故选 B。 【17 题详解】 根据后文“Dice ham finely; crack an egg into a bowl; add a little salt; beat it up with egg-beater or chopsticks.( 火腿切成细丁；鸡蛋打入碗中，加少许盐，用打蛋器或筷子打散)”可知，本 段主要是在介绍正式做饭前对食材要进行的处理，即准备工作。故 A 选项“你需要做的准 备工作”符合语境，故选 A。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“Fry the egg: Preheat a pan. Add cooking oil and heat it until 150 °C. Pour the beaten egg into the pan.(煎蛋：预热平底锅。加入食用油加热至 150°C。把打好的鸡蛋倒进锅里)” 以及后文“Then stir gently and turn it over until both sides are golden.(然后轻轻搅拌，直到两 面都变成金黄色)”可知，上文提到把打好的鸡蛋倒进锅里，故本句应当承接上文继续说明 鸡蛋进入锅里之后该怎么操作，C 选项中 it 对应上文中 he beaten egg。故 C 选项“让它在不 搅拌的情况下膨胀半分钟”符合语境，故选 C。 【19 题详解】 根据上文“Turn off the heat and cut the egg into small pieces. Add a little more cooking oil and heat it up. Add diced ham and fry for half a minute. Then add rice. Press to make sure that the rice is completely covering in the pan.(关火，把鸡蛋切成小块。再加入少许食用油，加热。加入火 腿丁，炒半分钟。然后加入米饭。按压确保米饭完全覆盖在锅中)”以及后文“Serve the rice on a plate or in a bowl and the fried rice with egg is done.(把米饭放在盘子里或碗里，蛋炒饭就 做好了)”可知，上文提到了开始加入各种食材，后文则说蛋炒饭做好了，可知本句应当还 是在说明做蛋炒饭最后一步，即：加入煎蛋，与米饭和切好的火腿混合均匀。F 选项中 diced ham 对应上文中 diced ham。故 F 选项“之后，加入煎蛋，与米饭和切好的火腿混合均匀” 符合语境，故选 F。 【20 题详解】 根据上文“Remember a little salt is essential when preparing the egg. And make sure to use cold rice cooked in advance.(记住，在准备鸡蛋的时候一点盐是必不可少的。而且一定要用提前做 好的冷饭)”可知，本段主要是在说明做炒饭时一些注意事项，故 D 选项“用高温快速炒饭 也很重要”符合语境，故选 D。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 When Meredith Bastian was 8, she talked to the manager of primates (灵长目动物) and asked about wild gorillas. This summer an 11-year-old girl, Addy Barrett，___21___Bastian who is the present manager of primates at the National Zoo---something Bastian did as a child,___22___her love for gorillas. Addy, a ___23___visitor to the zoo, never gets tired of watching the gorillas. She told Bastian, “I learned gorillas are being___24___. I needed to do something to save my___25___animals."” She sold homemade cookies for her___26___. Recently, she was named a winner of the 2019 Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes___27___her hard work to raise $7,000 for___28___groups aiming at protecting the animals in danger. Bastian said the___29___ that gorillas face is a combination of habitat loss, climate change and spread of disease. But there's also the problem of mining that ____30____gorilla's living conditions. Coltan is a mineral used to make cell-phones.“One of the strongest messages you can send to people is to ____31____their cell- phones," Bastian told Addy. Addy ____32____the Gorilla Heroes project and meanwhile she held social media discussion to raise ____33____in the hope of more participation in protecting gorillas. ____34____Addy hopes to get close to gorillas in the wild, ____35____a person needs to be at least 15 years old to visit where the gorillas live. Bastian said every animal has a____36____, just like every human does. They can be friendly or____37____. So she offered words of____38____for Addy's future visit: Never stare at gorillas because they take that as a_____39_____Bastian said,“You just need to____40____ and have your body language tell them 'yes, this is your forest, not mine.'” 21. A. respected B. thanked C. interviewed D. assisted 22. A. respecting B. showing C. thanking D. sharing 23. A. regular B. special C. rare D. previous 24. A. observed B. researched C. sold D. endangered 25. A. favorite B. energetic C. helpful D. priceless 26. A. school B. course C. theme D. project 27. A. as for B. owing to C. regardless of D. apart from 28. A. worker B. plant C. animal D. consumer 29. A. opportunity B. question C. challenge D. possibility 30. A. monitors B. worsens C. restores D. improves 31. A. recycle B. replace C. ignore D. exchange 32. A. took over B. look over C. set up D. wound up 33. A. reputation B. awareness . C. expectation D. popularity 34. A. Though B. Unless C. Since D. When 35. A. consequently B. particularly C. eventually D. usually 36. A. trend B. thought C. preference D. personality 37. A. greedy B. impolite C. aggressive D. restless 38. A. advice B. concern C. practice D. theory 39. A. signal B. threat C. treat D. greeting 40. A. run away B. calm down C. give up D. brighten up 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一名动物园常客——Addy 为拯救濒临灭绝的大猩猩所 做出的努力以及她所获得的成果。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年夏天，11 岁的小女孩艾迪·巴雷特(Addy Barrett)采访了现 任国家动物园灵长类动物主管的巴斯蒂安——巴斯蒂安小时候就这么做过，表达了她对大猩 猩的热爱。A. respected 尊敬；B. thanked 感谢；C. interviewed 采访；D. assisted 帮助。根据 “When Meredith Bastian was 8, she talked to the manager of primates (灵长目动物) and asked about wild gorillas.”得知，这里指的是小女孩对动物主管的采访，就像巴斯蒂安 8 岁一样。 故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年夏天，11 岁的小女孩艾迪·巴雷特(Addy Barrett)采访了现 任国家动物园灵长类动物主管的巴斯蒂安——巴斯蒂安小时候就这么做过，表达了她对大猩 猩的热爱。A. respecting 尊敬；B. showing 展示；C. thanking 感谢；D. sharing 分享。根据句 意可知，此处为 share one's love 表示分享自己对于大猩猩的热爱。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Addy 是动物园的常客，看大猩猩看得不厌。A. regular 有规律 的；B. special 特别的；C. rare 罕见的；D. previous 以前的。根据“never gets tired of watching the gorillas.”可知，艾迪经常去动物园。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解到大猩猩正濒临灭绝。A. observed 发现；B. researched 研 究 ； C. sold 卖 ； D. endangered 危 急 。 根 据 下 文 “I needed to do something to save my___5___animals.”可知，动物需要被拯救，因此可知大猩猩正濒临灭绝所以需要拯救。 故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我需要做些什么来拯救我最喜欢的动物。A. favorite 喜爱的； B. energetic 精力旺盛的；C. helpful 有帮助的；D. priceless 无价的。根据上文“Addy, a ___3___visitor to the zoo, never gets tired of watching the gorillas.”可知，Addy 对于看猩猩从 来不感到厌倦，因此猩猩对于 Addy 来说是喜欢的动物。故选 A 项。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她为自己的项目卖自制饼干。A. school 学校；B. course 课程；C. theme 主 题 ； D. project 项 目 。 根 据 下 文 “Addy ___12___the Gorilla Heroes project and meanwhile she held social media discussion to raise ___13___in the hope of more participation in protecting gorillas.”可知，Addy 有自己项目。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：最近，她获得了 2019 年格洛里亚·巴伦青年英雄奖(Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes)，因为她努力为保护濒危动物的动物组织筹集了 7000 美元。A. as for 至于；B. owing to 因为；C. regardless of 不管；D. apart from 缺少。分析句意可知，此处 Addy 被授予奖项的原因是她为保护濒危动物的动物组织筹集了较多的钱。故选 B 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，她获得了 2019 年格洛里亚·巴伦青年英雄奖(Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes)，因为她努力为保护濒危动物的动物组织筹集了 7000 美元。A. worker 工人；B. plant 植物；C. animal 动物；D. consumer 消费者。根据句意可知，此处的组织为保 护濒危动物的动物组织。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴斯蒂安说，大猩猩面临的挑战是栖息地丧失、气候变化和疾病 传播的综合。A. opportunity 机会；B. question 疑问；C. challenge 挑战；D. possibility 可能性。 根据下文“But there's also the problem of mining that ___10___gorilla's living conditions.”可 知，大猩猩面临众多问题，即挑战。故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但还有开采问题，也使大猩猩的生活条件恶化。 A. monitors 监 视；B. worsens 恶化；C. restores 回复；D. improves 提高。根据上文“Bastian said the___9___ that gorillas face is a combination of habitat loss, climate change and spread of disease.”可知，大 猩猩的生活条件在不断恶化。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴斯蒂安告诉 Addy 说:“你能给人们发出的最强烈的信息之一就 是回收他们的手机。”A. recycle 回收；B. replace 取代；C. ignore 忽视；D. exchange 交换。 根据上文“Coltan is a mineral used to make cell-phones.”及句意可知，此处应是回收手机 （recycle their cell- phones）故选 A 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Addy 设立了“大猩猩英雄”项目，同时她还举办了社交媒体讨 论会，以提高人们的认识，希望更多的人参与保护大猩猩。A. took over 接管；B. look over 检 查 ； C. set up 成 立 ； D. wound up 结 束 。 根 据 上 文 “She sold homemade cookies for her___6___.”可知，Addy 自己创办了项目。故选 C 项。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Addy 设立了“大猩猩英雄”项目，同时她还举办了社交媒体讨 论会，以提高人们的认识，希望更多的人参与保护大猩猩。A. reputation 名声；B. awareness . 认识；C. expectation 期望；D. popularity 流行。根据句意可知，此处为固定搭配 raise awareness 提高认识。故选 B 项。 【34 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然艾迪希望能在野外接近大猩猩，但通常一个人需要至少 15 岁才能参观大猩猩生活的地方。A. Though 虽然；B. Unless 除非；C. Since 既然；D. When 当……时。根据句意可知，此处上下句为转折关系。故选 A 项。 【35 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然艾迪希望能在野外接近大猩猩，但通常一个人需要至少 15 岁才能参观大猩猩生活的地方。A. consequently 因此；B. particularly 详细地；C. eventually 最后；D. usually 通常。根据句意可知，填空处应填 usually（通常），表示客观事实。故选 D 项。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴斯蒂安说，每个动物都有自己的个性，就像每个人一样。A. trend 趋势；B. thought 想法；C. preference 偏爱；D. personality 个性。根据下文“They can be friendly or___17___.”可知，此处说明动物也有自己的个性。故选 D 项。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们可能是友好的，也可能是好斗的。A. greedy 贪婪的；B. impolite 不礼貌的；C. aggressive 好斗的；D. restless 不安宁的。根据句中“friendly”可知， 此处与“友好的”相对。故选 C 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她为 Addy 的未来之行提供了一些建议：永远不要盯着大 猩猩看，因为它们会把这当作一种威胁。 A. advice 建议；B. concern 担忧；C. practice 练习； D. theory 理论。根据句意可知，此处是 Bastian 对于 Addy 提供的一些建议。故选 A 项。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她为 Addy 的未来之行提供了一些建议：永远不要盯着大 猩猩看，因为它们会把这当作一种威胁。A. signal 信号；B. threat 威胁；C. treat 款待；D. greeting 问候。根据下文“You just need to___20___ and have your body language tell them 'yes, this is your forest, not mine.'”可知，此处猩猩将人的注视当作一种威胁。故选 B 项。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：你只需要冷静下来，让你的肢体语言告诉它们‘是的，这是你的 森林，不是我的森林’。 A. run away 逃跑；B. calm down 冷静；C. give up 放弃；D. brighten up 变得明亮起来。根据上文“So she offered words of___18___for Addy's future visit: Never stare at gorillas because they take that as a____19____.”可知，当大猩猩感到威胁的时候，自 己需要冷静下来。故选 B 项。 第二节(共 10 小题， 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Fujian puppetry (木偶戏) has___41___uninterrupted thousand-year history. It is one of the contributions of Chinese performing art to the world's cultural heritage. By now, no conclusions ___42___ (reach) on the origins of Chinese puppetry.___43___(date) from the Shang Dynasty (1600-1064), pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects (随葬品) have been discovered at the Yin Ruins. Wooden figurines appeared during the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods. These were a great ___44___(improve) on those from previous dynasties,___45___represent the early Chinese puppets. Over time, figurines as burial objects developed into puppets for entertainment on festive occasions. ___46___(Lucky), Fujian puppetry has fallen out of favor with younger generations.___47___ response, worried groups and bearers created the 2008-2025 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners. The key goal___48___(be) to safeguard the spread of Fujian Puppetry, to promote its progress through professional training, and ___49___ (breed) a new generation of puppetry practitioners. With the broad participation of practitioners, local people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can expect a ____50____(bright) future. 【答案】41. an 42. have been reached 43. Dating 44. improvement 45. which 46. Unluckily 47. In 48. is 49. to breed 50. brighter 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了福建木偶戏是中国表演艺术对世界文化遗产的贡献之一。 介绍了其历史以及人们为保护福建木偶戏所作出的努力。 【41 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：福建木偶戏有一千年不间断的历史。结合句意表示“有千年历史”短语为 have a thousand-year history，且 uninterrupted 是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用 an。故填 an。 【42 题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：到目前为止，关于中国木偶戏的起源还没有得出任何结论。根据 上文 by now 可知用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语 态，主语为 conclusions，助动词用 have。故填 have been reached。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在殷墟中发现的用作随葬品的陶俑，历史可以追溯到商代 (1600-1064)。分析句子结构可知 date 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，date from 无被动式，用 现在分词作状语。故填 Dating。 【44 题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些都是在前朝的基础上取得的很大进步，是中国早期木偶的代表。根据 上文 a great 可知应填单数名词 improvement，作主语。故填 improvement。 【45 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些都是在前朝的基础上取得的很大进步，是中国早期木偶的代表。 此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 those，从句中缺少主语，应用 which，that 不能引导非 限制性定语从句。故填 which。 【46 题详解】 考查副词。句意：不幸的是，福建木偶戏在年轻一代中已经失宠。修饰后文整个句子应用副 词，表示“不幸的是”应用 unluckily，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Unluckily。 【47 题详解】 考查介词。句意：为此，忧心忡忡的团体和木偶承担者制定了 2008 年到 2025 年的战略，以 培训未来几代福建木偶从业者。结合句意表示“为此，作为反应”短语为 in response。故填 In。 【48 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：其核心目标是保障福建木偶业的传播，通过专业培训促进福建 木偶业的发展，培育新一代的木偶业从业人员。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为 The key goal，谓语动词用单数。故填 is。 【49 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其核心目标是保障福建木偶业的传播，通过专业培训促进福建木偶 业的发展，培育新一代的木偶业从业人员。根据上文“to safeguard the spread of Fujian Puppetry, to promote its progress through professional training, and” 可 知 breed 与 上 文 to safeguard 和 to promote 构成并列结构，应用不定式作表语。故填 to breed。 【50 题详解】 考查比较级。句意：随着从业者、当地民众和教育机构的广泛参与，福建木偶业有望拥有一 个更加美好的未来。结合句意表示“更美好的”可知应填形容词比较级 brighter。故填 brighter。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改. 增加:在缺词处加一一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。， 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一-词; 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Dear Jim, I am delighted to know you are curious about the lecture delivering in my school last month. Here, I’d like to share some detail about it. To solve the conflict with parents and build more harmony relationship, our school held a lecture Build a Bridge of Communication with Parents, which turned out a huge success. That impressed me most was the communication skills. When we made mistakes, we should make an apology for parents sincerely. Unless they did something wrong, we should stand in our shoes, understanding and forgiving them. In the end, the lecturer had appealed to us to show more respect and love to our parents. From now on, I made up my mind to greet my parents more in gentle voice and care about them with all my heart. I do hope my letter will help you get the whole picture of the lecture. Y ours, Li Hua 【 答 案 】 1. delivering→delivered 2. detail→details 3. harmony→harmonious 4. That→What 5. for→to 6. Unless→If/When 7. our→their 8. made→make 9. 去掉 had 10. 在 in 后加 a 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。在信中，作者介绍了学校举办的“搭建与家长沟通的桥梁”的讲座。 【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：我很高兴知道你对我们学校上个月举办的讲座感到好奇。 deliver“发表”是及物动词，和所修饰的名词 lecture 之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词形式 作定语。故将 delivering 改为 delivered。 2.考查名词单复数。句意：在这里，我想分享一些关于它的细节。detail“细节”是可数名词， 前面有 some 修饰，应用其复数形式。故将 detail 改为 details。 3.考查形容词。句意：为了解决与家长的矛盾，建立更和谐的关系，我校举办了“搭建与家 长沟通的桥梁”的讲座，取得了巨大的成功。名词 relationship 需要形容词修饰，名词 harmony 的形容词为 harmonious，和前面 more 构成比较级。故将 harmony 改为 harmonious。 4.考查主语从句引导词。句意：给我印象最深的是沟通技巧。根据句意可知，主语从句引导 词应用 what，作从句主语，意为“……的事情”。故将 That 改为 What。 5.考查介词。句意：当我们犯错误的时候，我们应该真诚地向父母道歉。make an apology to sb 意为“向某人道歉”；make an apology for sth 意为“为某事道歉”，介词 to 符合句意。 故将 for 改为 to 。 6.考查从属连词。句意：如果他们做错了什么，我们应该站在他们的立场上，理解他们，原 谅他们。根据句意可知，“they did something wrong”是后文的条件，不是否定含义，需要 if 引导条件状语从句（when“如果”相当于 if）。故将 Unless 改为 If/When。 7.考查代词。句意：如果他们做错了什么，我们应该站在他们的立场上，理解他们，原谅他 们。根据句意可知，我们应该站在他们的立场上，才能理解他们，原谅他们。站在“我们的” 立场上，不合逻辑。故将 our 改为 their 。 8.考查时态。句意：最后，讲座呼吁我们对父母表现出更多的尊重和爱。根据上文可知，这 里是讲述过去的事情，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式表达。（过去完成时是一种相 对时态，表示“过去的过去"，不符合句意，）故去掉 had。 9.考查时态。句意：从现在开始，我决心用温柔的声音向父母问好，全心全意地关心他们。 根据时间状语 From now on 可知，句子用一般现在时，因主语是 I，故将 made 改为 make。 10.考查冠词。句意：从现在开始，我决心用温柔的声音向父母问好，全心全意地关心他们。 voice“嗓音”是可数名词，in a loud/low（等形容词）voice 是习惯用语。故在 in 后加 a。 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 52. 假定你是李华，你所在的学校将于下周五举行“故事分享会”，请根据以下提示写一篇 发言稿： 1.你分享的故事名称； 2.故事概要； 3.故事打动你的原因。 注意： 1.词数 100 左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】 Boys and girls, I feel honored to be here to share my favorite story Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works by Charles Dickens. Oliver Twist, an orphan, suffered from cold and hunger in a work house. Then he escaped to London where he was forced to be a thief. Luckily, with the help of some kind people, Oliver overcame a lot of difficulties and led a happy life in the end. What impressed me most was the nature of goodness. No matter what Oliver suffered, he didn 't lose hope, remaining pure in body and mind. Meanwhile, Oliver also taught me to be brave. In a word, I have learnt a lot from Oliver Twist. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，介绍你要在下周五举行的“故事分享 会”上分享的故事的情况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：记叙文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.你分享的故事名称； 2.故事概要； 3.故事打动你的原因。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） feel honored to; one of; famous; suffer from; hunger; escape; with the help of; overcome; lead a happy life; in the end; impress; lose hope; brave; learn from 第三步：连词成句 1. Boys and girls, I feel honored to be here to share my favorite story Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works by Charles Dickens. 2. Oliver Twist, an orphan, suffered from cold and hunger in a work house. 3. Then he escaped to London where he was forced to be a thief. 4. Luckily, with the help of some kind people, Oliver overcame a lot of difficulties and led a happy life in the end. 5. What impressed me most was the nature of goodness. 6. No matter what Oliver suffered, he didn't lose hope, remaining pure in body and mind. 7. Meanwhile, Oliver also taught me to be brave. 8. In a word, I have learnt a lot from Oliver Twist. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly（供参考） 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] What impressed me most was the nature of goodness. (运用了 what 引导 主语从句) [高分句型 2] No matter what Oliver suffered, he didn't lose hope, remaining pure in body and mind. (运用了 no matter what 引导让步状语从句和现在分词作状语)