【英语】湖北省荆州中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试试题(解析版)

【英语】湖北省荆州中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试试题(解析版)

湖北省荆州中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.What time does the museum close on Sundays?‎ A. At 3:00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】W: Hello, this is the National Museum.‎ M: Hi, can I visit your museum after 4 o’clock in the afternoon?‎ W: It depends, sir. We open at 9:00 am and close at 5:00 pm on weekdays but on Sundays we close two hours earlier.‎ ‎2.What does the man mean?‎ A. He’s willing to help out.‎ B. He has his hands full.‎ C. He almost loses the suitcase.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ W: Brian, could you carry this suitcase too? It’s too heavy. I can’t carry it.‎ M: How many hands do you think I have?‎ ‎3.What is the man persuading the woman to do?‎ A. Have less meat.‎ B. Buy him a burger.‎ C. Eat out with him.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ M: Do you want to grab a burger with me?‎ W: No, I don’t eat meat. I’m a vegetarian.‎ M: You should come with me, anyway. The restaurant I’m heading to sells amazing vegetarian food.‎ ‎4.How will the woman probably go to the gallery?‎ A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By car.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ W: Does the No. 25 bus go by the Hillside Gallery?‎ M: Yes, but I suggest you not take a bus or drive there. You will be stuck in a traffic jam at weekends on this street. The underground is easy and fast.‎ W: OK. Thank you.‎ ‎5.In what aspect is the man weak in Chinese?‎ A. Reading. B. Writing. C. Speaking.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ W: Have you decided to take that position in China? I heard the salary is good.‎ M: No.‎ W: Why? You took Chinese in high school, didn’t you?‎ M: I’d be all right if they only required a reading or writing knowledge of it. But you see, I have to speak there.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. What does the man think of horror movies?‎ A. Exciting. B. Frightening. C. Boring.‎ ‎7. What new hobby will the woman start?‎ A. Skiing. B. Reading. C. Playing music.‎ ‎【答案】6. A 7. A ‎【解析】‎ W: Er, do you have any hobbies, Jack?‎ M: Mm, I like going to the movies if I’m free. I know it’s not much of a hobby but I don’t have a lot of time for hobbies.‎ W: What are your favorite films?‎ M: I like thrillers. That’s my favorite.‎ W: Oh, I’m no good with those. They’re too frightening. I don’t watch any of them because I have my hands over my eyes.‎ M: So what are your favorite hobbies, Rebecca?‎ W: I want to take up skiing. I’m starting new hobbies because I haven’t got any at the moment apart from reading and music.‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. What is the man allowed to make for Thanksgiving?‎ A. The sauces. B. The salad. C. The desserts.‎ ‎9. What does the woman say about Thanksgiving in her family?‎ A. No one takes it very seriously.‎ B. Her parents try to do everything.‎ C. Everyone shares the preparation work.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. C ‎【解析】‎ W: I can’t believe Thanksgiving is right around the corner! Who usually does the cooking in your family?‎ M: My mother and my two aunts don’t let anyone else do anything except for the salad and the drinks. That includes all the sauces, desserts, and place settings.‎ W: Wow. It sounds like they take Turkey Day pretty seriously.‎ M: Listen, if Thanksgiving were an Olympic sport, they would be kicked out for winning too many gold medals! What about you?‎ W: Well, my parents and I do everything together. It’s better than one person trying to do too much.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎10. Where are the speakers?‎ A. In Sydney. B. In Toronto. C. In Los Angeles.‎ ‎11. What does Simon plan to do after graduation?‎ A. Study further. B. Run a hotel. C. Work in a company.‎ ‎12. What does Lucy major in?‎ A. Law. B. Business. C. Management.‎ ‎【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A ‎【解析】‎ W: Hi Simon. I hope you like our school!‎ M: Yes, I do! Los Angeles is great. I’ve made lots of friends and I really enjoy my courses.‎ W: Good! Me too! By the way, you didn’t tell me what you are studying here.‎ M: Didn’t I? I’m doing business studies.‎ W: Really? That’s great. Are you working in a company after graduation?‎ M: Maybe. I was born in Canada. My parents are in Toronto and I hope to find a job in a company there.‎ W: What about your friend Zoe?‎ M: She’s from Sydney, Australia. Her father runs a hotel there and she is studying hotel management.‎ W: Wow, both of you have your plans.‎ M: Yes, we do. What about you, Lucy?‎ W: Well, I’m studying law.‎ M: Great! So I know who to call if I need a lawyer in the future.‎ W: Sure. Classes are going to start. Let’s go.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎13. Why are the speakers excited in the beginning?‎ A. They park near the shopping mall.‎ B. They are lucky to take the umbrella.‎ C. They find the shopping mall easily.‎ ‎14. What would the man like to have for lunch?‎ A. Fries. B. Chicken sandwiches. C. The lamb burger.‎ ‎15. What will the speakers do right after lunch?‎ A. Learn Spanish. B. Do some shopping. C. Go to the museum.‎ ‎16. How will the speakers go to the museum probably?‎ A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot.‎ ‎【答案】13. A 14. B 15. B 16. C ‎【解析】‎ W: Wow! We are so lucky to find a parking space so close to the shopping mall.‎ M: Do you remember last time we had to park four blocks away and run to the mall in the rain? That was so crazy.‎ W: Don’t worry. I always keep an umbrella in the car these days!‎ M: Good. Oh, it’s already lunchtime. What would you like to get for lunch?‎ W: The lamb burger and fries. They are famous in the Burger’s! How about you?‎ M: I think I’ll get what I always order, chicken sandwiches.‎ W:What about going shopping after lunch?‎ M: Great. Well, do you think there will still be time to catch the new Spanish exhibit at the Art Museum?‎ W: Yes, of course. There will be two hours left for us. And the museum is within walking distance.‎ M: Let’s go and have lunch first.‎ W: OK.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. How long have Earth Boxes been in market?‎ A. About 15 years. B. About 25 years. C. About 30 years.‎ ‎18. What can Earth Boxes be used to do in poor countries?‎ A. Solve hunger problems.‎ B. Improve soil conditions.‎ C. Teach students science.‎ ‎19. What is the advantage of Earth Boxes?‎ A. Saving much space.‎ B. Purifying much water.‎ C. Making crops grow fast.‎ ‎20. Why are Earth Boxes used in middle school?‎ A. To learn math well.‎ B. To grow vegetables.‎ C. To do some experiments.‎ ‎【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. C ‎【解析】‎ M: Growing crops in containers saves water. It needs little fertilizer(肥料). In addition, the chemicals cannot run off into nearby waterways. The same earth mixture can be used for five or six years.‎ Since Earth Boxes went on sale in 1994, many people around the world have used them. Other people have made their own vegetable growing boxes. Some use two large plastic containers. One container has holes in the bottom and sits inside the other box. Earth mixture goes into the top container, and water goes through a tube into the bottom box. A plastic trash bag is then used to cover the top container.‎ Some people think this kind of gardening will be important to people in poor countries where hunger is a problem. A lot of food can be grown in a small space for a small amount of money.‎ The people who make Earth Boxes are interested in educating young people. They have developed a program aimed at teaching students science and agriculture. When children first enter elementary school， they learn about water, soil, light, and nutrition. In middle school, they do experiments and collect information. In high school, they learn how to use math to better understand what happens when plants grow. The learning program includes written materials for teachers and students. And it uses an Earth Box in the classroom as a small laboratory for experiments.‎ 第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分 35 分)‎ 第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas This book takes you through waves of emotion as you start to undcrstdad the main character, the 9-year-old son Bruno of the Auschwitz commandant(（司令官）. The plot taking place during the Holocaust（大屠杀）,we witness the horror from the boys viewpoint . who just wants friends. You 11 be shocked by some of the more surprising aspects of the book as the boy befriends one of the boys on the other side of the fence.‎ The Book Thief The story is about a young girl named Liesel who has to live with foster parents(养父母）during World WarⅡ. On the way to her new home. her bother dies, setting the sad tone for the story. There is hope, however, when Liesel discovers her love for reading and shares her stolen books with her neighbors during bombing at tacks as well as with the Jewish man hidden in her basement.‎ The Fault in Our Stars This is probably the most likely book to make you cry, as it records the experiences of teens who arc dying from cancer and living their last days in love. Their life is tragic and jarring at the same time as we watch their health deteriorate （恶化）. The real tragedy is the love between the main characters, who know that it is certain to "die".‎ A Child Called " It"‎ Easily one of the saddest stories of abuse in recent decades. A hild Called " It" is based on the true story of Dave Pelzer, a boy from C alifornia who suffered at the hands of his sadistic(施虐癖的)family, the tears will conic from both sadness and the inspiration lied to Dave's fight for survival in an environment where he is considered worthless.‎ ‎21. Which book is basically a romance?‎ A. The Book Thief. B. A Child Called “it”‎ C. The Fault in Our Stars. D. The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas.‎ ‎22. Who is considered to have no good qualities or useful skills in the family?‎ A. Liesel's brother B. The 9-year-old son Bruno.‎ C. A young girl named Liesel. D. Have Pelzer, a boy from California.‎ ‎23. What do the four novels have in common?‎ A. They all expose the dark side of society. B. They are all emotionally powerful.‎ C. They are all connected with wars. D. They all have a sad ending.‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一则广告。文章介绍了四部小说。这四部小说在阐述情感上都很强大。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据左边下面的表格中的“teens who are dying from cancer and living their last days in love”和“The real tragedy is the love between the main characters”可知，The Fault in Our Stars基本上是一部爱情小说的书。故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据右边下面的表格中的“in an environment where he is considered worthless” 可知，Have Pelzer，一个来自加利福尼亚的男孩被认为在家庭中没有好的品质或有用的技能。故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一本小说中的“waves of emotion”；第二本小说中的“her bother dies, setting the sad tone for the story”；第三本小说中的“This is probably the most likely book to make you cry”和最后一本小说中的“The tears will come from both sadness and the inspiration”可知，这四部小说在阐述情感上都很强大。故选B项。‎ B I was ever bullied badly when I was in high school. One kid in particular would try to make me feel worse in every way he knew. For example, he would throw stuff at me constantly, hit me on the head, punch me, call me ugly and stupid, make fun of me and, of course tell me he would beat me up if I ever fought back. It was like his daily mission. And it was my daily mission to just get through the day. What could I say? It made my world very small because that was my main focus---just surviving. Everything else fell by the wayside. Unfortunately, that included any form of social life. So not only was my world tiny, but it was very lonely.‎ Looking back to that time, which was about 11 years ago, my biggest mistake was not bringing anyone into that world of mine. I was too proud and embarrassed to get help. I would rather not face the fact that I needed help because in my mind, that would mean that the bully had won. It would also mean that I was weak.‎ Let me just say this----bullying someone is a weak choice. The only reason why they come after you is that they don’t think you will do anything about it. Does that make anyone strong? Absolutely not. Be stronger. Reach out to a parent, a teacher or a friend for help. Simply admit that you are struggling and need help.‎ You can put it like this: Somebody who is weak and trying to build himself or herself up has chosen to do that by putting me down. The only reason why they are doing it is that I am nice and I haven't done anything about it yet. Well, I am through putting up with this. I have basic human rights that they are trying to take away to feel better and that is just not OK. How do I handle this the right way? I don't want the pain cycle to continue and I don't want to become someone I don't want to be.‎ I will close by saying this----I am not just surviving. I am just enjoying my life. I graduated from college with honors, by the way. You don’t have to wait to live. Do something today.‎ ‎24. What did the author do when he was bullied? ________‎ A. He suffered but put up with it all alone.‎ B. He fell by the wayside.‎ C. He reached out for help immediately.‎ D. He fought back bravely.‎ ‎25. The author suggests fighting bullies by ________.‎ A. getting used to the pain as soon as possible B. keeping it a secret inside and reducing your social life C. looking for help from parents, teachers or friends D. promoting the understanding of basic human rights ‎26. The author probably wrote this article to ________.‎ A. admit that he had been treated badly at school B. describe the harmful effects of bullying C. show how grateful he was to those who helped him D. share his experience and ideas on dealing with bullies ‎【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。作者写这篇文章来分享他在处理欺凌问题上的经验和想法。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I was ever bullied badly when I was in high school. It was like his daily mission. And it was my daily mission to just get through the day.”我在高中的时候曾经被严重的欺负过他欺凌我就像他每天的任务，而我的任务就是撑过这一天。以及第二段“my biggest mistake was not bringing anyone into that world of mine. I was too proud and embarrassed to get help.”我最大的错误就是（受到欺凌）没告诉任何人，因为我太骄傲和害羞以致不去求助。由此可推断出，当他被欺负时，作者受了很多苦，但没有告诉他人，还是独自忍受了。分析选项可知，A符合题意，故选A ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The only reason why they come after you is that they don’t think you will do anything about it. Does that make anyone strong? Absolutely not. Be stronger. Reach out to a parent, a teacher or a friend for help. Simply admit that you are struggling and need help.” 本句是指他们找上并欺负你的唯一原因是他们认为你对此无能为力。这能让人变得强壮吗?绝对不是。只有坚强些。向父母、老师或朋友寻求帮助。要承认你处于困境，需要帮助。由此可知，面对被欺凌，作者建议从父母、老师或朋友那里寻求帮助来对抗恶霸。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。作者在第一段 “I was ever bullied badly when I was in high school. One kid in particular would try to make me feel worse in every way he knew.” 提出自己曾在学校被欺凌，第二段“Looking back to that time, which was about 11 years ago, my biggest mistake was not bringing anyone into that world of mine. I was too proud and embarrassed to get help”本段回顾以前被欺凌的经历认为自己最大的错误就是独自承受，没有向他人求助。第三段“Absolutely not. Be stronger. Reach out to a parent, a teacher or a friend for help. Simply admit that you are struggling and need help.”面对被欺凌，作者建议从父母、老师或朋友那里寻求帮助来对抗恶霸。由此可推断作者写这篇文章可能是来分享他在处理欺凌问题上的经验和想法。故选D。‎ C Humans and elephants don’t always get along. In Africa and Asia, elephants damage equipment, farmers’ crops, and natural habitat for other species. If an elephant becomes a problem, humans may kill it. So local people and animal protectionists are trying to find better ways to keep elephants away from sensitive places. Now, researchers think they have a good tool to prevent elephants: honeybee pheromones (信息素).‎ ‎“Elephants dislike being stung(叮咬) in the trunk, because it’s an extremely sensitive organ. Imagine being stung in your nose by a bee, and multiply that a few thousand times.” said Mark Wright, a professor at the University of Hawaii.‎ Kenyan farmers have long known that if they hang live beehives (蜂箱) around their farms, they will drive elephants away. The problem is how to manage hundreds of thousands of hives, if you have a huge area to protect. And then the idea came up to look at the alarm pheromones, which are chemicals that the bees release to launch an attack on something that’s damaging the hive.‎ So the researchers tested out an artificial mixture of chemicals that imitates (模仿) honey bees’ alarm pheromones. The researchers hung white socks treated with the artificial mixture as well as untreated control socks around an elephant watering hole, and then observed the animals’ behavior. “Elephants are really curious creatures. They’ll walk along and see something like a sock hanging on a branch. If it’s not treated with the alarm pheromones, they’ll pick it up, throw it around, and try to taste it, things like that. And in the case of the treated ones, they would show immediate signs of unease or uncertainty, and they’d eventually back off from them.”‎ In order to avoid the elephants more effectively, the researchers plan to make the pheromone mixture purer. That way, elephants will stay far away from wherever they should not be going-and both elephants and humans can coexist a bit more peacefully.‎ ‎27. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?‎ A. Bees enjoy stinging elephants.‎ B. Elephants’ trunk is a sensitive organ.‎ C. Being stung in the trunk is unbearable to elephants.‎ D. Honeybee pheromones make elephants suffer great pain.‎ ‎28. Why didn’t the researchers hang live beehives to keep elephants away from crops?‎ A. Because it’s not practical.‎ B. Because it doesn’t work to elephants.‎ C. Because elephants like the taste of honey.‎ D. Because researchers prefer to invent new chemicals.‎ ‎29. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us_________.‎ A. how the experiment was carried out B. elephants’ reaction to the white socks C. how to imitate honeybee alarm pheromones D. why the team hung two different white socks ‎30. What’s the purpose of the research?‎ A. To cut down the number of elephants.‎ B. To keep elephants away with bees’ stings.‎ C. To prevent elephants from damaging crops.‎ D. To better the relation between humans and elephants.‎ ‎【答案】27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。人类和大象并不总是相处融洽。在非洲和亚洲，大象破坏设备、农民的庄稼和其他物种的自然栖息地，这样人类就可能杀死大象。于是研究者研究了一种避免大象闯入农田，保护大象的方法——采用蜜蜂报警信号驱赶大象。这样人类和大象就能和平共处。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段划线部分的“Elephants dislike being stung(叮咬) in the trunk, because it’s an extremely sensitive organ. Imagine being stung in your nose by a bee, and multiply that a few thousand times.”(大象讨厌象鼻被蛰，因为象鼻是非常敏感的器官。想象一下被蜜蜂蜇在你的鼻子里，然后把它放大几千倍。)可以推断，这句话说明象鼻被蛰对大象来说是难以忍受的。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Kenyan farmers have long known that if they hang live beehives (蜂箱) around their farms, they will drive elephants away. The problem is how to manage hundreds of thousands of hives, if you have a huge area to ‎ protect.”可知，肯尼亚农民早就知道，如果他们把活的蜂箱挂在农场周围，就会把大象赶走。问题是，如果要保护的区域很大，那么如何管理成千上万的蜂箱。由此可推断出，把活的蜂箱挂起来驱赶大象，无法管理。由此可推断出这种做法是不可行的。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第四段的So the researchers tested out an artificial mixture of chemicals that imitates (模仿) honey bees’ alarm pheromones.” 可知研究人员测试了一个人造化学物质的混合物模仿蜜蜂的报警信息素。下面叙述实验如何进行： The researchers hung white socks treated with the artificial mixture as well as untreated control socks around an elephant watering hole, and then observed the animals’ behavior. “Elephants are really curiouswalk along and see pick it up, throw it around, and try to taste And in the case of the treated ones, they would show immediate signs of unease or uncertainty, and they’d eventually back off from them.” 研究小组将经过人造混合物处理的白袜子和未经处理的袜子，挂在大象周围的一个水坑边，然后观察大象的行为。大象真的是很好奇的生物，它们会沿着这条路往前走，看到有一只袜子挂在树枝上，然后他们会检查它。如果袜子不被报警信息素处理，他们会把它捡起来，扔到周围，试着品尝，诸如此类的事情。而假如是被处理的袜子，他们会立即表现出不安或不确定的迹象，最终会退缩。由此可推断出第4段主要叙述实验是如何进行的。分析选项可知选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第一段“Humans and elephants don't always get along.”首先提出人类和大象并不总是相处融洽。最后一段“In order to avoid the elephants more effectively, the researchers plan to make the pheromone mixture purer. That way, elephants will stay far away from wherever they should not be going-and both elephants and humans can coexist a bit more peacefully.”为了更有效地避开大象，研究人员计划让信息素混合物更纯净。这样，大象将远离他们不应该去的地方，大象和人类都可以和平共处。由此可推断出研究的目的是为了改善人类和大象之间的关系大象和人类能和平共处。故选D。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Why do people travel? There are many reasons one can think of when asked questions like this.‎ To travel far enough to meet yourself Sometimes you find yourself in the middle of nowhere. ___31___ You find out your abilities. When you are offered a different lifestyle, you can find out what you are made of. The farther you go from your home, the nearer you come to your true self.‎ ‎___32___‎ If you look back at all the amazing memories of your life, you will realize that most of them were out of your comfort zone. Travelling is dangerous, full of life threatening possibilities and will not always be comfortable, but at the same time, it gives irreplaceable memories.‎ To slow down and relax A wise man once said that never get so busy making a living that you forget to make a life. Money is worth nothing if you cannot spend it on a little adventure. While we are deeply involved in making money, we forget that time is going through our fingers. ___33___ The feeling of being away from your workplace is pure happiness. The feeling of not having to worry about the never ending piles of files is pure joy. ___34___‎ To celebrate life Life is short and the world is wide. One day you might wake up and realize that you don’t have time to do everything that you have always wanted to do, anymore. Once in a while, make time to appreciate the fact that you are alive, young, free and healthy. ___35___‎ A. To become a storyteller.‎ B. Travelling lets you discover yourself.‎ C. To break through your comfort zone.‎ D. So, go travelling to celebrate life itself.‎ E. You can relate to the world and connect to others.‎ F. And the feeling of being away from your boss for a few days is pure pleasure.‎ G. Escape life for a little while because experience is far more valuable than money.‎ ‎【答案】31. B 32. C 33. G 34. F 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章就人们为什么去旅游给出了几个原因。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 根据上文Sometimes you find yourself in the middle of nowhere. 可知有时你会发现自己没有存在感．B项：Travelling lets you discover yourself旅行会让你发现自己。符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 空格处是段落标题。根据下文If you look back at all the amazing memories of your life, you will realize that most of them were out of your comfort zone.Travelling is dangerous, full of life threatening possibilities and will not always be comfortable 可知，如果你回顾你生命中所有令人惊异的记忆，你会意识到它们中的大多数都不在你的舒适区，旅行是危险的，充满了威胁生命的可能性，不会总是舒适的，故C项“这一自然段描述了旅游打破了你的舒适带”符合文意，所以选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 根据上文Money is worth nothing if you cannot spend it on a little adventure. 可知，如果你不能把钱花在一次小小的冒险上，钱就一文不值。 因此推断G项：Escape life for a little while because experience is far more valuable than money．逃避生活一段时间，因为经历远比金钱更有价值。符合文意，故选G项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 根据上文The feeling of being away from your workplace is pure happiness. The feeling of not having to worry about the never ending piles of files is pure joy. 可知离开工作场所的感觉是纯粹的幸福，不用担心那些没完没了的文件的感觉是纯粹的快乐。F项：And the feeling of being away from your boss for a few days is pure pleasure．离开老板几天的感觉纯粹就是一种享受，符合文意，故选F项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 根据上文Life is short and the world is wide. One day you might wake up and realize that you don’t have time to do everything that you have always wanted to do, anymore. Once in a while, make time to appreciate the fact that you are alive, young, free and healthy. 可知生命短暂，世界广阔。总有一天，你可能会醒来，意识到你没有时间去做你一直想做的一切，再也不会了。偶尔，花点时间欣赏你还活着，年轻，自由和健康的事实。因此推断这里意思是去旅游来庆祝生活本身。故选D。‎ 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分55分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was our first Thanksgiving in the new house and I wanted everything to be perfect. But my plan for everyone to do some preparation work had been ___36___ by my husband's business trip. Even worse, a project for me that week had ___37___ two days of planned vacation. By Wednesday, my task of a table with fresh flowers, ___38___drinking glasses and various homemade desserts had already___39___, I just hoped that I'd find a clean tablecloth and eight ___40___ forks.‎ In my perfect Thanksgiving, there wouldn't be any orange in my salad because It hadn't made the grocery list. There would be no perfect family photos to record that day because I hadn't got the broken camera ___41___. Someone had brought home the wrong toilet paper, which was the last straw that made me ___42___.‎ I don’t remember what my son asked me as he was doing some cleaning, ___43___I do remember twisting into that mean-and-tight mom-face before making an ___44___. This combination of noise and anger is a universal signal to kids everywhere that they might as well ___45___ me. But he didn’t.‎ Instead of disappearing from view, my second-grader turned ___46___ the cleaning machine and walked across the room to ___47___ me. He never said a word. He just ___48___ his arms around me, making me feel ___49___ of myself until today.‎ It turned out a(n) ___50___ Thanksgiving. The people I loved gathered around my table and dined just one choice of the pie. My dad used a mismatched fork without ___51___. My daughter drew a picture of us where everyone smiled.‎ My son took a(n)___52___to teach me that sometimes we need a hug most when we are ___53___ huggable. This is the best gift you can give: One size ___54___ all and no one ever minds if you ___55___.‎ ‎36. A. damaged B. ruined C. destroyed D. robbed ‎37. A. wasted B. offered C. saved D. spared ‎38. A. useful B. rough C. nice D. ordinary ‎39. A. failed B. changed C. survived D. come ‎40. A. amazing B. amusing C. satisfying D. matching ‎41. A. developed B. fixed C. delivered D. hired ‎42. A. defend B. compromise C. sigh D. explode ‎43. A. but B. so C. for D. until ‎44. A. excuse B. apology C. order D. answer ‎45. A. criticize B. praise C. avoid D. comfort ‎46. A. on B. up C. off D. down ‎47. A. challenge B. face C. question D. trick ‎48. A. removed B. raised C. bent D. wrapped ‎49. A. proud B. ashamed C. confident D. astonished ‎50. A. fashionable B. disappointing C. perfect D. effective ‎51. A. hesitation B. doubt C. complaint D. permission ‎52. A. risk B. break C. opportunity D. lead ‎53. A. most B. worst C. best D. least ‎54. A. fits B. affect s C. admit s D. applies ‎55. A. relieve B. return C. recover D. remind ‎【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D 41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。作者打算在新房子过一个完美的感恩节，有鲜花装扮，有一桌美味，配有精美餐具的感恩节才是最完美的。但是因为其他原因导致计划被破坏而生气时，孩子的做法让作者认识到：只要有了爱，自己爱的人在一起即使没有鲜花美味，没有精致的餐具，也会有完美的节日。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。 句意：这是我们在新房子里的第一个感恩节，我希望一切都完美。但我让大家做准备工作的计划被我丈夫的出差搞砸了。A. damaged(有形的)损坏，破坏；B. ruined毁灭，破坏，糟蹋；C.destroyed破坏，摧毁，毁灭；D. robbed抢劫。虽然damage,‎ ‎ ruin和destroy三个词都有破坏的意思。但程度不同。damage是程度较小的“破坏”“损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重修；destroy常指“彻底地、毁灭性地”破坏某事物，使其不复存在、不能或很难再使用或修复。强凋以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉；ruin强调彻底毁掉，但是不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏。可知，本文指计划被完全破坏，而不是指物品被损坏而可重修，故不用damage。不是指具有摧毁或杀伤性的，故不能destroy，D 项的rob是抢劫，不符合题意， 而ruined可指计划被毁坏，故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。 句意：更糟糕的是，那周我的一个项目浪费了我两天的计划好的假期。A. wasted花费，浪费；B. offered付担的起；C. saved节约，节省；D. spared抽出，留出。根据根据前文和本句中 two days of planned vacation的内容可知，本空格是指作者的项目浪费/花费（waste）了两天的时间，故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我想要用鲜花、精美的酒杯和各种自制甜点摆一张桌子，但我失败了。A. useful有用的；B. rough粗糙的；C. nice精美的，好的；D. ordinary普通的。根据文中的并列连词and，能与“fresh flowers” and “various homemade desserts”一定是非常好的的东西，可知，此处是指“精美的（nice）”酒杯,故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我想用鲜花、精美的酒杯和各种自制甜点摆一张桌子，但我失败了。A. failed (活动、尝试、计划等) 失败，不成功；B. changed改变；C. survived幸存；D. come来。根据文章第一段以及后面的内容可知，她的计划失败（failed）了。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我只希望能找到一块干净的桌布和八个配套的叉子。A. amazing惊人的； B.amusing有趣的；C. satisfying满意 的；D. matching相称的，相配的。下面的“My dad used a mismatched fork without ___16___（我爸爸用的叉子不匹配）”有提示，此处是指“匹配的”，故选D。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：因为我没有把坏掉的相机修好，所以那天就没有完美的家庭照片可供记录。A. developed开发；B. fixed修理，固定；C. delivered邮寄；D. hired雇佣。根据broken camera（坏相机）以及“There would be no perfect family photos to record that day”没有完美地记录那天，可知，照相机没有修理（fix）好。故选B。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：有人回家时带错了卫生纸，这是最后一根让我大发雷霆的稻草。A. defend辩护；B. compromise妥协；C. sigh叹息；D. explode气炸，勃然 ‎ (大怒)，大发(雷霆)。由上文自己的计划泡汤到各种不顺，可知作者在此时发脾气了。且第9小题后的“This combination of noise and anger is a universal signal”有提示。故选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查语境及连词。句意：我不记得我儿子在打扫卫生的时候问我什么，但我记得在回答之前，我那张扭曲的刻薄而紧绷的脸。A. but但是，表转折关系；B. so因此，表因果关系；C. for因为，表并列关系；D. until一直到。根据“I don’t remember , but I do remember”，可知，前后两句是转折关系，故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我不记得我儿子在打扫卫生的时候问我什么，但我记得在回答之前，我那张扭曲的刻薄而紧绷的妈妈脸。A. excuse借口；B. apology道歉；C. order命令；D. answer答案。根据上一句“what my son asked me”可知，此处是指作者回答（answer）儿子的问题。故选D。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：这种噪音和愤怒的结合是一个人人都懂的信号：所有的孩子们最好避开我。A. criticize批评；B. praise表扬；C. avoid避免；D. comfort安慰。根据上文可知，作者当时的脸色很难看，任何孩子都会避开（avoid）我，故选C。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配辨析。句意：我的上二年级的儿子关掉了吸尘机，穿过房间面对我。A.（turn） on打开电源；B.（turn） up出现；C.（turn）off关闭电源；D.（turn）down拒绝。根据后面的“walked across the room （走向我）”，可知是“关上吸尘器的电源（the cleaning machine and）”。 “turn off”为固定搭配，意为关电源。故选C。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我的上二年级的儿子关掉了吸尘机，走过房间面对我。A. challenge挑战；B. face正视，面向；C. question质问；D. trick欺骗。根据后面的内容可知，他什么没说，只是搂着我，可知是面对（face），故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。 句意：他一句话也没说。他只是用双臂搂着我。A. removed移开；B. raised提升；C. bent 弯曲；D. wrapped用……缠绕(或围紧)，包，裹。根据上文可知，儿子没有走开，而是过来安慰我，因此推断此处是指用双臂抱着即用双臂围绕着(wrap)我，故选D。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：他只是用双臂搂着我，至今让我感到惭愧。A. proud骄傲；B. ashamed羞愧的，惭愧的；C. confident自信的；D. astonished震惊的。文章中作者发怒，表现如此之差，但孩子却来安慰自己，如此包容我，让作者感觉到惭愧（ashamed），故选B。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：结果是我们度过了一个完美的感恩节。A. fashionable时尚的；B. disappointing失望的；C. perfect完美的；D. effective有效的。作者希望在新房中过的是一个完美的感恩节，因为各种事情让作者认为感恩节不会完美。其实没有好匹配的餐具和美食，有自己爱的家人的陪伴，这也是完美的。文中多次出现“perfect”也是一个提示，故选C。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我爱的人围坐在我的桌子旁，只吃了一个馅饼。我爸爸毫无怨言地用了一个不相配的叉子。A. hesitation犹豫；B. doubt怀疑；C. complaint抱怨；D. permission准许。根据前面的“It turned out a(n) perfect Thanksgiving”可知，此处是指即使没有相配的叉子，爸爸也不会有抱怨（complaint），故选C。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析及固定搭配。句意：我儿子冒着风险告诉我，有时候我们最不需要拥抱的时候，却是最需要拥抱。A. risk危险；B. break休息；C. opportunity机会；D. lead领先。第三段中 的“I do remember twisting into that mean-and-tight mom-face before making an ___9___. This combination of noise and anger is a universal signal to kids everywhere that they might as well ___10___ me. But he didn’t.”可知，当作者因生气而面部扭曲，每个孩子都觉得要躲开时，儿子却能走来冒险（take a risk）拥抱了我。“take a risk to do”为固定搭配，意为“冒险做某事”。故选A。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：我儿子冒着风险告诉我，有时候我们最不需要拥抱的时候，却是最需要拥抱。A. most (程度上) 最大，最多；B. worst最坏，最严重； C. best最好；D. least最小，最少。根据上下文的语境可知，此处与前面的“most”相对的是“least”，而且当人生气时，也不适合拥抱，应该是least huggable，故填D。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查固定用法。句意：（拥抱）是万能药。A. fits 适合；B. affects影响；C. admits承认；D. applies申请。“one size fits all”为固定用语，即适合所有需要的。此处是指爱的拥抱是万能的，所有人都需要，故选Ａ。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：没有人介意你是否还回去。A. relieve减轻，缓和；B. return返回，退还；C. recover恢复；D. remind提醒。作者精心准备在新家的感恩节，结果被一系列的意外打断，但作者的儿子给了作者一个拥抱，足以温暖了作者的心，而且儿子不求回报“return”。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】完型填空题的解题步骤：‎ ‎1．通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础，‎ ‎2．瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题．对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。‎ ‎3．复读全文，解决残敌．借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。‎ ‎4．再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文的文意连贯．‎ 第二节(共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Chinese cartoon film Ne Zha has proved to be a big winner in this summer’s box office. This film, ___56___ (loose) based on the novel Fengshen Yanyi, is about an imaginary figure who fights against unfair fate.‎ In the novel, Ne Zha is a naughty teenager, who kills ___57___ gets in his way. His father, a ___58___ (command) who governs the port of Chen Tang Guan, forces Ne Zha to kill himself over an error. Ne Zha is reborn as a three-headed, six-armed god ___59___ (ride) on two magical “wind-and-fire” wheels to fight his enemies.‎ ‎___60___ (direct) by Yang Yu, the film describes Ne Zha ___61___ a lovely little boy who has to overcome prejudice and his dark fate to become a hero. “I wanted to change the telling of ‎ the original story.” says Yang. In the movie, born as a demon, Ne Zha is ___62___ (fair) treated by local villagers who believe that he will grow up to be a public threat. ___63___ , he never gives in and believes that he is the master of his own destiny.‎ Li Baochuan, ___64___ expert in animation at Hangzhou Normal University, says Ne Zha shows the development of animation techniques in China and ___65___ (reduce) the gap with the world’s best.‎ ‎【答案】56. loosely ‎57. whoever ‎58. commander ‎59. riding 60. Directed ‎61. as 62. unfairly ‎63. However ‎64. an 65. has reduced/reduces ‎【解析】‎ 本文为议论文。文章用事实来说明由杨宇执导的中国动画片《哪吒》是今年暑期票房的大赢家。这部电影根据小说《风神榜》改编，讲述了一个虚构的人物哪吒与不公平的命运抗争的故事。动画专家李宝川表示，《哪咤》展示了中国动画技术的发展，缩小了与世界最佳动画的差距。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查副词作状语。句意：事实证明，中国动画片《哪吒》是今年暑期票房的大赢家。这部电影据说根据小说《封神演义》改编。分析句子可知，本空格在句中修饰动词based，修饰动词一般用副词，loose为形容词，故填副词loosely。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查宾语从句。句意：在小说中，哪吒是一个顽皮的少年，谁挡了他的路，他就杀谁。本空格处在句中作kills的宾语从句的引导词。空格处在宾语从句中做主语。根据语境可知，此处是指“无论谁挡了他路，他就杀谁”。“whoever”意为“无论谁”，故填whoever。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：他的父亲是陈塘关的长官，因为一个错误他强迫哪吒而自杀。根据空格后面的“governs the port of Chen Tang Guan”可知，他的父亲是一个“负责人”，空格处指的是一种职务，故用名词“commander”，由a修饰用单数。故填commander。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查非谓语作定语。句意：哪吒重生为一个三头六臂的神，骑在两个神奇的“风火轮”上与敌人战斗。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词god，二者是主动关系，故填 riding 。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词用状语。句意：这部电影由杨宇执导，讲述了一个名叫哪吒的可爱小男孩克服偏见和黑暗命运成为英雄的故事。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作状语，其逻辑主语是the film，二者是被动关系，故要用过去分词作状语，因为是位于句首，所以第一个字母要大写，故填Directed 。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配及介词。句意：这部电影由杨宇执导，讲述了一个名叫哪吒的可爱小男孩克服偏见和黑暗命运成为英雄的故事。“describeas”意为“把描写为；描述”，故填as。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：哪吒受到了当地村民的不公平对待，他们认为他长大后会成为公众的威胁。根据后面的“他们认为他长大后会成为公众的威胁 他从不屈服”可知，哪吒受到不公平的待遇，本空格在句中修饰动词treated，修饰动词要用副词，故填unfairly 。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：然而，他从不屈服，相信自己是自己命运的主人。根据上下文的内容可知，他虽受到不公平的待遇，却不屈服，前后是转折关系，要用however，故填However。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查不定冠词。句意：李宝川，是杭州师范大学的一位动画专家。分析句子可知，本空格是表示数量“一”，表示泛指，因为修饰的名词expert是以元音开头的在，故填an。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：杭州师范大学动画专家李宝川表示，《哪吒》展示了中国动画技术的发展，缩小了与世界最佳动画的差距。分析句子可知，本句是叙述现在的情况，可用一般现在时或现在完成时，主语是电影《哪吒》，为单数，故填has reduced/reduces。‎ 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节:应用文写作(满分15分)‎ ‎66.假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jackson打算近期实地了解一下中国文化，请你给他回信，建议他到北京参观。内容包括:‎ ‎1. 提出建议；‎ ‎2. 活动:参观博物馆，欣赏京剧等；‎ ‎3. 预祝开心；‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jackson,‎ Knowing you are about to come to learn about Chinese Culture, I recommend visiting Beijing, the capital and cultural center of China.‎ With a long history, Beijing enjoys a high reputation for its abundance of ancient architecture and museums, where precious historical relics are waiting for you to explore. Besides, the exceptional Peking Opera performances are also what you can’t miss.Hearing them being performed live in front will give you a totally different understanding. Additionally, Hutongs with different shapes, lengths and directions, which are very typical of Beijing, can lead you to anywhere you want.‎ Beijing never fails anyone who is ready for it. It deserves a visit. Wish you a very happy and meaningful time in China!‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本文为提纲作文。你的美国笔友Jackson打算近期实地了解一下中国文化，请你给他回信，建议他到北京参观。内容包括: 1. 提出建议；2. 活动:参观博物馆，欣赏京剧等；3. 预祝开心。‎ ‎【详解】本文为应用文。给你的美国笔友写一封回信。书信体作文一般分为三个部分。第一部分主要叙述写信的目的：听说美国笔友Jackson打算近期实地了解一下中国文化，给他回信，建议他到北京参观。第二部分叙述回信的内容。信的内容主要包括对于Jackson打算近期实地了解一下中国文化提出的建议；活动包括参观博物馆和欣赏京剧等；并预祝开心：第三部分表达自己对对方回信的期待。写作时注意准确运用时态，本文主时态是一般现在时，同时注意上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。‎ ‎【点睛】本文要点完整，语句通顺，用词委婉，易于让人接受。文中运用了大量的高级词汇，如enjoy a high reputation for ; its abundance of ancient architecture and museums; recommend doing ; give a totally different understanding; be typical of; lead to; deserve a visit 。此外运用了besides, additionally等顺序连词的运用，使得文章脉络清晰。文中的语法结构及句式灵活多变，简单句和复合句相结合。复合句有由where引导的非限制性定语从句Beijing enjoys a high reputation for its abundance of ancient architecture and museums, where precious historical relics are waiting for you to explore；由which引导的非限制性定语从句Hu tongs with different shapes, lengths and directions, which are very typical of Beijing, can lead you to anywhere you want；以及由who引导的限制性定语从句Beijing never fails anyone who is ready for it. 还有what引导的表语从句the exceptional Peking Opera performances are also what you can’t miss. 另外非谓语运用的也恰到好处，如动词ing形式作状语Knowing you are about to come to learn about Chinese Culture, ；非谓语中的-ing形式做主语Hearing them being performed live in front will give you a totally different understanding. 最后用了一个祈使句Wish you a very happy and meaningful time in China!结束全文。使用了这些高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次 第二节:概要写作(满分25分)‎ ‎67.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ A class pet can be an invaluable experience for elementary school children. The pet can teach responsibility, build a connection to the classroom, serve as a motivator, and be something for the children to love. If the teacher is willing to take on the added responsibility of caring for an animal in addition to all of the children in the classroom, a class pet can be a wonderful addition to a class.‎ Many factors need to be taken into consideration when choosing a class pet. It cannot be too big, as classrooms generally have limited space. Cost should also be considered since the teacher will likely have to pay for the pet, its food and its habitat. It must also be somewhat hardy ‎ (耐寒的). Each particular type of animal has its advantages and disadvantages, and a teacher must weigh these and make a decision about which one is right for his or her class.‎ Birds are physically more delicate (娇养) than many other animals. They will not survive in drafts (气流) and need a somewhat regulated temperature in their environment. Many birds are quite social and do best with other birds or when being handled routinely by people who can be appropriate with them. Young children are not likely to have the skill to handle a bird without harming it, making it a poor choice for a class pet.‎ Some reptiles are beautiful to look at but are delicate, afraid of cold, light sensitivity or poisonous and shouldn’t be handled by children. Others are more hardy but require expensive habitats. Most snakes eat rats and mice, which may be a frightening thing for small children to witness.‎ A hardy fish, such as a betta, is a good low-cost option for a class pet. They are obviously not huggable or able to be caught by children. Besides, they are inexpensive, have relatively long life spans, and can be kept in a simple fish bowl.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】A class pet is a wonderful addition to the class, which can develop children’s responsibility, build a connection and act as a motivator. But many factors need considering when choosing a class pet, including its size, cost, advantages and disadvantages. Birds and reptiles are a poor choice because they are delicate and easy to be harmed by children. A hardy fish can be an ideal class pet, for it’s cheap, long-lived and easy to raise.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本文属于说明文，介绍班级宠物的优点以及选择班级宠物注意事项。‎ ‎【详解】本文属于总分结构，首先陈述班级宠物对于学生的意义，比如增加责任感，增进同学联系，促进学生行动等，其次分析了选择班级宠物需要考虑多方面的因素，比如费用，尺寸，优点以及缺点等，之后陈述了鸟类和爬行动物作为班级宠物的不足之处，最后陈述好养的鱼类是比较理想的班级宠物。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇范文结构严谨，要点齐全，不乏精彩句子表达。‎ 非限制性定语从句的使用class pet is a wonderful addition to the class, which can develop children’s responsibility, build a connection and act as a motivator.‎ 状语从句的使用Birds and reptiles are a poor choice because they are delicate and easy to be harmed by children.‎